Monitoring Estuarine Survival of Monitoring Estuarine Survival of Steelhead ( Steelhead ( Oncorhynchus mykiss Oncorhynchus mykiss ) Smolts in ) Smolts in the Nehalem and Alsea Basins, Oregon the Nehalem and Alsea Basins, Oregon Using Acoustic Telemetry Using Acoustic Telemetry Jeremy Romer, Camille Leblanc, Carl Schreck, David Noakes, Jeremy Romer, Camille Leblanc, Carl Schreck, David Noakes, Shaun Clements Shaun Clements
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Monitoring Estuarine Survival of Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Smolts in the Nehalem and Alsea Basins, Oregon Using Acoustic Telemetry Jeremy Romer,
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Monitoring Estuarine Survival of Steelhead Monitoring Estuarine Survival of Steelhead ((Oncorhynchus mykissOncorhynchus mykiss) Smolts in the Nehalem and ) Smolts in the Nehalem and Alsea Basins, Oregon Using Acoustic TelemetryAlsea Basins, Oregon Using Acoustic Telemetry
Jeremy Romer, Camille Leblanc, Carl Schreck, David Noakes, Shaun Clements Jeremy Romer, Camille Leblanc, Carl Schreck, David Noakes, Shaun Clements
Goal:
•Physiology- Assess degree of smoltification throughout run.
•Behavior- Assess differences between early and late run groups, between basins, or between years.
•Survival- Provide estimates of lower river and estuarine survival.
#
Nehalem River
North Fork
Wheeler
Manzanita
PacificOcean
Hatchery
Nehalem Bay andSurrounding Area
Oregon
#
#
# TrapLast count
Life Cycle Monitoring: Spatial Resolution
#
Nehalem Bay andSurrounding Area
Oregon
# TrapLast count
Life Cycle Monitoring: Spatial Resolution
33 Km
steelhead 2009
Acoustic Technology
7 mm x 18 mm, 0.7 g in water
V7V9
Two (7" x 15", 16 lb) Floats
Sonic Receiver
1/2" Poly Crabline
3/8" Galvanized Chain (12')
Kedge Anchor - 40 lbs Lead Weight (4 ounce)
steelhead 2001
Pacific Ocean
Alsea Study Area
OHRC
Nehalem Study AreaNehalem Study Area
LCM
07
0907
09
07 09
Waldport
0
10
20
30
Upper Mid Lower
% u
ndet
ecte
d
40
Alsea Study – Possible Mortality2007, 2009
steelhead 2007,2009
95 (4)
82 (8)
100
100
= Predator Congregation = Receiver Efficiency
Alsea River Mouth
09
01
0209
01
02
09
01
02
steelhead 2001,2002,2009
0 2
N km
Nehalem Study – Possible Mortality2001, 2002, 2009
0
10
20
30
Upper Mid Lower
% u
ndet
ecte
d
40
93 (4)
88 (6)
100
100
= Predator Congregation = Receiver Efficiency
9/31 29% detected
25/39 42% detected
Alsea - Effect of run timing on survival
21/34 62% detected
Nehalem - Effect of run timing on survival
Early Peak
ExpGroup
0
10
20
30
40
Days
Early Peak
ExpGroup
0
10
20
30
40
Days
Alsea River (55 Km)
Effect of run timing on time to reach the lower estuary
N=9 N=25
Nehalem River (33 Km)
N=15 N=21
Alsea Nehalem
River
0
2
4
6
8
Da
ys
Alsea Days Mean: 1.1 Median: 0.8 Max: 6.3 Total N: 38.0 Std Dev: 1.3
Nehalem Days 1.1 0.7 7.9 34.0 1.5
Estuary Residence Time
Alsea River Mouth
70 tagged
62 Estuary Entry - 42 Km – 88.6%
22-38
Pacific Ocean
Ocean - 55 Km – 31-54%
South JettyPacific Ocean
Nehalem River Mouth
69 tagged
53 Estuary Entry - 20 Km - 76.8%
22-34 Ocean - 33 Km – 32-49%
Nehalem (n=38)
Columbia (n=64)
Dis
tan
ce T
rave
lled
(K
m)
> 41 Days0 100 200 300
Travel time to Estuary (h)
0
40
80
120
160
200
steelhead 2001
Migration through the Columbia Estuary
12:00 0:00 12:00 0:00 12:00
steelhead 2001
Tid
al Stag
e (m)
Riv
er K
m
0
1
2
350
-10
0
10
20
30
40
Spring Chinook
r2 = 0.52
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5
5.0
75 175 275 375 475
Mean Daily Flow (kcfs)
Mea
n R
ate
(kp
h)
Steelhead
r2 = 0.47
Fall Chinook
r2 = 0.46
Migration Rates to EstuaryRelation to Flow
**
ANDREW WALCH – because he is a better field tech than the one you have.