monica_Zagreb_2014_SEE_methodological_toolkit

RE-SEEties Final Conference ‘Energy and Environment - Towards a sustainable future’ 9 September 2014, Zagreb (Croatia)

SEE methodological toolkit and strategies of urban development

Monica Salvia ([email protected]) National Research Council of Italy Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (CNR-IMAA)

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Monica Salvia RE-SEEties Final Conference 9 September 2014, Zagreb (Croatia)

The key role of energy systems

Complexity of energy systems and the needs for models

The RE-SEEties methodological toolkit

Main results and key conclusions

Agenda

Sustainability of energy systems is a common priority, dealing with some key aspects

Mitigation of climate change

Air quality

Security of energy supply

The key role of energy systems


The EU energy targets The European Parliament adopted in the December 2008 the Climate and Energy Package, defining the so-called "20-20-20" policy, in which three key objectives for 2020 were set: 20% reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions

from 1990 levels; Raising the share of EU energy consumption

produced from renewable resources to 20%; 20% improvement in the EU's energy

efficiency.

Moreover it intends to increase the level of biofuels in transport fuel to 10% .

Member States have set themselves specific targets


The European Union in the Energy Roadmap 2050, is committed to reducing its GHG emissions to 80-95% below 1990 levels by 2050. thanks to increased innovation and investment in clean technologies and low- or zero-carbon energy.

The EU Energy Roadmap 2050

A low-carbon economy would have a much greater need for renewable sources of energy, energy-efficient building materials, hybrid and electric cars, 'smart grid' equipment, low-carbon power generation and carbon capture and storage technologies.

Energy efficiency will be a key driver of the transition. By moving to a low-carbon society, the EU could be using around 30% less energy in 2050 than in 2005. Households and businesses would enjoy more secure and efficient energy services.

More locally produced energy would be used, mostly from renewable sources.


Initiatives at local scale The EU and national challenges on climate and energy issues have been acknowledged by local authorities, committing themselves to improve the quality of life of the people living in their towns through sustainable urban development.

Many initiatives are being carried out in this directions at European level, among which: Energy Cities , the European Association of local authorities promoting energy efficiency,

renewable energy and distributed generation; CONCERTO, the initiative launched by the EC to support local communities in developing and

demonstrating concrete strategies and actions that are both sustainable and highly energy efficient,

Covenant of Mayors, a commitment by signatory towns and cities to go beyond the objectives of EU energy policy in terms of reduction in CO2 emissions through enhanced energy efficiency and cleaner energy production and use,

Smart Cities initiatives aimed to demonstrate that the citizens’ quality of life and local economies can be improved through investments in energy efficiency and reduction of carbon emissions.


Smart city initiatives Making cities smarter and more competitive is one of the major EU challenges. Smart City initiatives have arisen Europe-wide to help cities to start planning their future in a new way: adopting a comprehensive multi-sector approach and accelerating innovation to become more sustainable and resilient

Public- Private-Partnership in “Energy Efficiency in Buildings” (E2B)

SET-Plan European Industrial Initiative (EII) “SMART CITIES & COMMUNITIES”

Flagship Initiative “Innovation Union” - European Innovation Partnerships (EIP) “SMART CITIES”

European Energy Research Alliance (EERA) Joint Programme (JP) on SMART CITIES

Joint Programming Initiative “Urban Europe”

European Strategic Transport Technology Plan

Future Internet Public-Private Partnership

Green Digital Charter


Decision making

Decision making concerning policy issues is a complex process, addressing major energy challenges and involving: the management of a huge amount of data to describe the current situation

as well past trends and future constraints/opportunities

a deep understanding of the pathways along which new energy systems can emerge and develop over time

Necessity to take into account:

impacts deriving from the whole energy system, including the waste management system

the indirect (unpaid) costs due to damages on human health and the environment


Comprehensive methodologies and tools are required to support energy systems analysis and planning, in order to:

The complexity of energy systems

ENVIRONMENT ENERGY

RESOURCES ECONOMICS

guarantee the optimal use of natural resources, enhancing endogenous resources and renewable use, increasing energy efficiency and energy saving.

reduce the environmental impact of anthropogenic activities, improving air quality (GHG and LAP abatement)

define fair costs of goods and services.


International bodies like the World Energy Council (WEC), the International Energy Agency (IEA) or the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) investigate the future of energy systems on a multinational or even global level.

Role of international bodies and research institutions

Many research institutions and scientists focus their research on the long-term future of energy systems.

The Energy Technology Systems Analysis Programme of the International Energy Agency (IEA/ETSAP) has a leading position in maintaining and expanding up-to-date, extensive, accessible databases on technologies and resources and developing new methods and modeling techniques for exploring alternative energy pathways.


A model is a simplified abstraction of the system under investigation that consists of a description of its structure, data and by a set of mathematical equations that can be based on different mathematical methodologies (e.g. simulation, linear or non-linear optimization, etc.)

The large variety of models actually available makes the choice of modeling tools and methods a key step that has to be carefully evaluated before undertaking the energy analysis.

Energy models

Thus modelers and energy analysts have to clarify in advance: the planning objectives/questions addressed, the time horizon the scale of the analysis, the sectors involved, the impacts to be evaluated, the main exogenous assumptions, data availability, the methodology utilized for projecting the demand, the implication of the mathematical background on the modeling approach.


The RE-SEEties project Needs for a toolkit to support municipalities to:

achieve sustainability targets in terms of resource efficiency (waste and energy focus).

examine multidisciplinary features and related benefits (e.g. CO2 reduction, pollution prevention, job creation, energy security)

examine accompanying measures (e.g. education, capacity building, GPP)

define town-specific municipality strategies & action plans

assess and evaluate the progress of each partner's local strategy building

Re-SEEties toolkit

Action plans

Renewables

Energy efficiency


Main objectives

The “Integrated SEE methodological toolkit for resource efficiency with final SEE criteria for assessement”:

provides valuable strategic guidance for SEE municipalities regarding how to improve resource efficiency by applying smart strategic measures in city planning.

is a transnational and generally applicable output, i.e. to be taken up by non-partner regions and for municipalities with different conditions

includes policy recommendations for programming (using the feedback of key EU stakeholders in the frame of WP6) with the aim of exerting an influence on policy-making at all levels

provides recommendations on instruments and strategies to municipalities for achieving the sustainability targets.


The ‘final SEE Methodological Toolkit and criteria for assessment’ is the outcome of an intensive strategy building process (WP5) and stakeholder engagement (WP6)

It is composed by five main building blocks

CNR-IMAA was responsible of the overall process

Competences and efforts of all the ASG partners as well as results coming from the experiences of all city partners are integrated in the toolkit

B.A.T.

Initial criteria for assessm.

Data and tools

Changing behavior

Policy making

MACEF

Energiaklub

REGEA

CRES/CNR-IMAA

CNR-IMAA

Structure


Main aim: to provide local and regional policy makers with guidelines through all the steps of the process of policies elaboration.

Introduces a step-by-step methodological approach to policy making with accent to waste valorisation and energy policies.

Provides a full picture of the relevant European Union policies and strategies in the fields of interest


Discusses obligations and responsibilities on local level and provides recommendations for regional policy makers


Main aim: to provide local and regional authorities with a systematic overview of successful experiences carried out in Europe.

municipalities could learn from these examples and identify simple and innovative solutions to improve the current management of energy and waste management systems

Waste management

Energy efficiency

Sustainable exploitation of RES


The RES feasibility studies carried out in RE-SEEties provide interesting examples for the implementation of innovative solutions aimed to improve resource efficiency.

Main aim: to assist decision makers in considering behavioural transformation strategies to reduce energy use and waste reduction.

Target groups:

Public authorities

Public (utility) companies

Private companies (including SMEs)

Citizens


Actions from RE-SEEties: The awareness raising campaign ”Change your behavior towards resource efficiency”

a wide range of stakeholders

common visual tools and images

manifold activities: exhibitions, school competitions, local energy days and conferences.

advantage of the local

people reached: more than 650 thousand people in the SEE region


Main aim: to support decision-making on local energy planning and waste management. This chapter focuses on the technical toolkit.

Supporting cities’ efforts to design strategies towards a sustainable and resource efficient future requires:

a detailed description of their present energy and waste management systems (baseline) which is also a prerequisite for the application of efficient forecasting methodologies.

a comprehensive evaluation of alternative pathways.


GOAL: Supporting the cities’ efforts towards a highly efficient and sustainable resource efficient future needs a special focus on technical issues, in particular on energy and waste.

This process starts from a detailed description of the present energy and waste management systems

Starting from a careful examination of data, methods and tools currently used by RE-SEEties’ city partners in their planning activities

CNR-IMAA and CRES carried out an extensive research on internationally recognized methods and tools delivered by previous projects of research and cooperation

Data and tools


Results on a round-of-table on methods/tools used by city partners

City Country Energy Waste

The Local Government of Budapest Distr. 18

Hungary N.A.

N.A.

Municipality of Aigaleo

Greece N.A. The TEE KENAK tool (energy efficiency of buildings) will be purchased

N.A.

Municipality of Potenza

Italy

City of Nitra Slovakia

City of Skopje

FYRM EU SEAP manual / Methodology Framework Waste Management Plan for City of Skopje (2010-2015)

Miercurea Ciuc Romania

City Municipality Ptuj Slovenia • Local energy concept is a tool for monitoring the effectiveness of the implementation of the Action Plan of the concept of local energy.

• Energy accounting program is a tool for efficient use of energy in buildings and a regular monitoring and recording energy use, energy, water and their costs.

MUNICIPAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PROGRAM THE MUNICIPALITY PTUJ 2008-2013. Method from "door to door "with colored bins and bags (bags for households, bins for blocks). CO2ZW tool provides a means of calculating the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions (in carbon dioxide equivalents) emanating from the waste operations of European municipalities.

City of Ivanic-Grad Croatia REGEA uses LEAP - The Long-range Energy Alternatives Planning System for making long term prognosis. COPERT – for GHG emissions in transport

Energy forecasting equations

The proposed tools

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2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Fin

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SKOPJE

PTUJ

POTENZA

NITRA

MERCIUREA

IVANIC GRAD

EGALEO

BUDAPEST

The ICLEI tool The CO2ZW waste management tool

The LCA-IWM waste prognosis model


The CO2ZW waste management tool: •PROS:

freely available, with an user friendly interface •calculates GHG emissions (in CO2eq) emanating from the waste operations at city level is an Excel-based calculator which, with the input of municipality-specific waste data (or national data as a default)

Pros & Cons of the proposed tools

Energy forecastingLCA-IWM

(Waste forecasting)

ICLEI Basic Climate Toolkit

(GHG emission inventories& Support to SEAPs)

CO2ZW

(Waste management)

RE-SEEtiesIntegrated Toolkit

The LCA-IWM waste prognosis model: •PROS:

freely available, with a very user friendly interface

•CONS: As the tool could not be updated since the end of the project (2005), the prognostic model is based on outdated socio-economic forecasts with a base year of 2004/2005. Historic data as starting points ended in 2002.

The ICLEI tool: •PROS:

Excel-based and freely available Baseline Emissions Inventories (BEI) in a SEAP format (CoM_BEI)

CONS: No energy forecasting IPCC GHG emission factors can be substituted/updated Only waste-to-landfill disposal (Local Government + Community) “Local Government Operations” are adequately addresses but the “Community” side requires data not commonly available at city level

Energy forecasting: •PROS:

estimates in various sectors by using as input projections and estimates of primary parameters

CONS: • It is not easy to use by municipality


• Implementation of a new“add-in” spreadsheet tool tofacilitate calculation of the input parameters of ICLEI tool

RE-SEEtiescalculator

• Baseline Emissions Inventories (BEI) in a SEAP format

• Easy characterization of “Local Government Operations” energy balances

• Difficult computation of the Community” energy side

ICLEI BasicClimate Toolkit • Simplified energy system

model based on data commonly available at city level

RE-SEEtiesIntegrated Toolkit

Final proposal on the RE-SEEties methodological toolkit (1/2)

Development of an “add-in” tool: to support feeding the ICLEI

“Community” spreadsheets

based on primary information and using proxy variables where no data exist

as a fundamental input to any forecasting method


The final aim of this joint effort carried out mainly by CRES and CNR-IMAA was to develop a “RE-SEEties Integrated Technical Toolkit” which allow to obtain simplified urban energy system models based on data commonly available at city level.

In particular, all city partners have used:

the “amended” ICLEI tool (the basic ICLEI software + the new “add-in” tool)

the energy forecasting equations

whereas only the case studies focusing on waste used:

the LCA-IWM waste prognosis model

the CO2ZW waste management tool

introducing the final results (mainly in terms of landfills use) into the ICLEI tool (soft-linking among these models!).

Final proposal on the RE-SEEties methodological toolkit (2/2)


Main aim: to provide the main indicators and criteria for assessment (evaluation grid) to support every phase of the strategy building process at municipal level.

case study profiles: partner cities introduced the main policy goals

peer reviews: interim results were analysed using an initial set of criteria for assessment (evaluation grid) customised per each city.

Focus areas in the case study

profiles.

Initial set of indicators/crit

eria (evaluation

grid)

Assessment of interim results

through the initial set of indicators

Joint “peer reviews” of

the work done at city level

Local strategies/acti

on plans

Finalization of the initial set

of indicators/crit

eria


“How to develop a Sustainable Energy Action plan” (EC, JRC-IET, 2010) SEAP of the City of Zagreb

The 4R concept: reduce, reuse, recycle and recovery FP6 project NEEDS (Energy Externalities Developments for Sustainability)

Specific surveys conducted in four participating cities: 18th District of Budapest (HU), Ptuj (HR), Miercurea Ciuc (RO) and Ivanić-Grad (HR) A common set of questions on the 3 project topics

Residential survey in the 18th district of Budapest

Executive Summary

Full report on the RE-SEEties methodological toolkit with criteria for assessment


The comprehensive step-by step methodology including criteria for assessment: was finalized learning from the experiences gained by partner cities

during the implementation of the RE-SEEties project.

provide local administrators and citizens an opportunity to learn about successful experiences gained during the implementation of the RE-SEEties project

but also to provide all SEE municipalities with a generally applicable toolkit for supporting effective strategies and policies towards resource efficiency.

the toolkit results should be of great help to support cities in adhering or renovating their commitments to the Covenant of Mayors, which is a common need all around Europe.

Main results


Key conclusions (1/2)

Research plays a key role in supporting local energy planning, through the use of the best tools/models made available by the international scientific community

Technology innovation is crucial in achieving the EU objectives

Targets need to consider existing infrastructure, capacity and future trends.

City and local governments are in the focus of action to complying with the EC ambitious targets on energy, climate and protection of the environment.

Behavioral change is of central importance

Local governments have legislative and purchasing power that they can use to implement change in their own operations and in the wider community

In the EU Green Paper making changes in consumer awareness and behavior is one of the key areas for reaching future energy efficiency targets


Key conclusions (2/2)


Local governments must continue to play a decisive role in climate mitigation by setting a smarter long-term vision and effectively moving towards it with a bottom up, systems-based approach to ensure socially inclusive growth.

WP4 “Strategies to enhance integrated municipality strategy

and planning competences”

Final draft of the ‘final SEE Methodological Toolkit and criteria for assessment’

Monica Salvia ([email protected]) National Research Council of Italy Institute of Methodologies for Environmental Analysis (CNR-IMAA)

Thank you for your kind attention

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