Monday (1 st Period) 12/14 Draw a Bohr model of Lithium (Li) and Potassium (K) Explain why one is more reactive than the other. You can use the space under.

Monday (1st Period)12/14• Draw a Bohr model of Lithium (Li) and Potassium (K)

• Explain why one is more reactive than the other.

• You can use the space under test question to complete your answer. (all of the space for Monday.)

Responsibilities: Turn in your element folder again if you have it!Test Wednesday!

Monday 12/14• Draw a Lewis model of Sodium (Na) and Bromine (Br)• Draw where the electron would move to. (which one gives an electron

and which one takes an electron?)

• What two types of elements make an ionic bond?

• What would the chemical formula for this compound be?

Responsibilities: Turn in your element folder again if you have it!Test Wednesday!

Grade WHOTS from last week (W15)

WHOT12/7• Describe how you arranged your periodic table:• Rows:• Columns:• Where does Helium go?

• Responsibilities: Finish Poster. Should be done by end of period… but due WEDNESDAY• Quiz Friday.

WHOT Answers12/8Find the column of the following elements on the Periodic Table to determine:1. Number of valence electrons in Al

A) 1e- B) 2e- C) 3e-

2. Number of valence electrons in Na A) 1e- B) 2e- C) 3e-

3. Number of valence electrons in Ne A) 1e- B) 4e- C) 8e-

Warmup12/9• What are 3 pieces of evidence you might see if there was a chemical

reaction happening?

• Responsibilities: Lab Due tomorrow!

WHOT 12/11• Describe the general trend of reactivity in group II

elements.

• No quiz today! But guess what that means???

1. Creating Ionic compounds.

2. Lets create NaCl and Lithium and Oxygen together.

3. Combine different combinations of 2 elements. You may use more than one atom of each kind of element, but you may use only two different kinds of elements at a time.

4. Tape in your journal of 2 more combinations of ionic compounds. Write the chemical compound name (NaCl or MgCl2) beneath each atom you create.

Bonding Vocabulary

Covalent Bond: Forms between atoms of 2 nonmetals when they share electrons

Purely Covalent• Elements in bond are the same– Ex: Cl2, O2, N2

• Look at Cl:

Formula: Cl2

Each Cl needs one electron;

Neither will give one up;

They SHARE

This atom uses these electrons to follow the octet rule

And so does this one.

Multiple BondsSometimes atoms share

more than one electron pair, forming:◦Double Bonds◦Triple Bonds

Ex: Oxygen Atoms◦Each has 6 electrons◦Each share 2 of the other’s

Ex: Nitrogen Atoms◦Each share 3 electrons

O O

NN

Covalent Lewis Diagrams

• Lone (unpaired) electrons tend to become the shared ones.

• Shared electrons are typically represented with a line; unshared pairs are left as dots

Cl Cl

Cl Cl O O NN

Polar Covalent• Between more than one kind of atom

• Shared electron stays with one element more of the time

• This gives one side of the molecule small negative charge

Polar Covalent ExampleHydrogen Chloride: HCl

Cl attracts shared electrons more than H◦Shared electron spends

more time with Cl

Molecule is polar because Cl becomes more negative

ClH

Effect on Molecules• Water: H2O

• Shared electrons drawn more toward oxygen

• On Average, the whole molecule ends up POLAR

OH

H

Lewis Rules for Covalent BondsAdd valence e- for all atoms

◦ Doesn’t matter which atoms they originate from, only the total valence e- matters.

Write the symbols for the atoms in the compound

Use 1 pair of e- to form bond between each pair of bound atoms ◦ (line = 2 e-)

Distribute remaining e- to satisfy duet rule for H and octet rule for the rest

Example: HCl

H + Cl1 + 7 = 8

ClHUsed 2 of the 8 e-;H satisfied by

“duet” ruleNow distribute the

rest to Cl

Lewis with Multiple Bonds• If the octet rule isn’t achieved, try sharing

multiple pairs of e- between bonded atoms.

• Try CO2

After 2 bonds put in, 12 electrons remain

C (needs 4 more) O (needs 6 more each) But only 12 remain

C & O Must share multiple pairs of e-

C OO

C + O + O4 + 6 + 6 = 16

WHOT (1st Period) 12/15Important!!! We need someone to take home Godzuki, the first parent to confirm they will pick him up tomorrow gets the lizard.1. Draw a Lewis model of Sodium (Na) and Bromine (Br)2. Draw where the electron would move to. (which one gives an electron and

which one takes an electron?)3. What two types of elements make an ionic bond?4. What would the chemical formula for this compound be?

Responsibilities: Element Folders!Test tomorrow! There was one person in the library getting free tutoring yesterday. 1.

WHOT 12/15

• Important!!! We need someone to take home Godzuki, the first parent to confirm they will pick him up tomorrow gets the lizard.

• Draw a Bohr model of Lithium (Li) and Potassium (K)

• Explain why one is more reactive than the other.

Responsibilities: Element Folders!Test tomorrow! There was one person in the library getting free tutoring yesterday. 1.

Ionic Formulas.

What is the proper formula for:1. Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl)?2. Ca and Cl?3. Al and N4. B and Br5. Be and S6. Mg and P

Whiteboards

• Draw a Bohr diagram for:–Al–Ca–Cl–Ar

Be sure your model shows:• How many protons, neutrons and

electrons are in each• How many shells there are.• How many valence electrons there

are.• How reactive that element might be.• What charge ion each would form.

How many Bromine ions would react with each of those?

What is an ionic bond?

• Pick 2 elements in the periodic table that would form an ionic bond.

• Write their chemical equation.

What is a covalent bond?

• Pick 2 elements that would form a covalent bond.

What is an isotope.

• How many protons, neutrons and electrons are in the isotope Carbon-14

• Draw a model of an atom. Label the parts with the charges.

• Why is Helium in the far right hand column?

• How many electrons can fit in the following electron shells?– 1– 2– 3

Thompson

• Cathode ray tube:

• What did it discover?

Rutherford

• Gold Foil Experiment

• What did it discover.

• Think back to your activity, what did the marbles do?

How are you going to remember what is a…

• Cation?• Anion?

Warm-up12/9• Draw a Lewis diagram of Na (sodium)

• Predict a Lewis diagram of Ba (Barium)

• How many electron shells would Cs (Cesium) have?

• Please turn in posters in the fume hood in their box.

• Responsibilities: Quiz Friday check SWIFT.