Monarchs of France & Britain

Monarchs of France & Britain

Henry IV

Edict of Nantes protected the protestant

minority

Henry IV

creates a bureaucracy filled with members of the nobility controlled every aspect of

French life eliminated competition by

the nobility

Richelieu

outlawed all non-state armies eliminated challenges by

minority groups (nobility and Huguenots)

Richelieu

appointed nobles to high court positions or high military positions reduced the nobles

independence tied the nobility more

closely to the king

Louis XIV

never called a meeting of the Estates General

expanded the bureaucracy and appointed intendants consolidated royal power

as an absolute monarch, just as Henry IV and Louis XIII advisor Richelieu

Louis XIV

(by the advice of Colbert) expanded basic industries, built luxury trades, encouraged overseas colonies and regulated their trade increased the treasury to

support his wife’s extravagant spending sprees

Françoise d'AubignéMarquise de Maintenon

Louis XIV

improved and resided in the luxurious palace at Versailles Versailles becomes the

symbol for absolute monarchs across Europe and Louis’ XIV lifestyle the model

James I

declared divine right and absolute rule

dissolved Parliament, collected taxes with Parliament’s consent angers Parliament who will

eventually fight back for a limited monarchy

James I

commissions the writing of the King James version of the Bible has a lasting influence on

English language and literature

becomes a piece of propaganda for the king and his policies

Charles I

signs Petition of Right on paper acknowledges

the power of Parliament as controlling the treasury

Charles I

dissolves Parliament when Parliament meets

again in 11 years, they hold the Long Parliament

civil war ensues Charles I is executed, this is

the first time that a monarch is tried and executed by the people

absolute power will no longer exist in England

Oliver Cromwell

exiled Catholics

believed in religious freedom for other protestant groups tensions between

Northern Ireland and England continue to this day

after 350 years, Jews were welcomed back to England

Oliver Cromwell

suppressed Levellers

imposed strict Puritan rules on society the population grew tired of

the Commonwealth’s military rule and strict Puritan ways

after the death of Cromwell, the new Parliament invited Charles II (son of Charles I) back to England to rule

Charles II

reopened theatres and taverns

presided over a lively court, much like Louis XIV

restored the Church of England as the official church but tolerated other protestants

accepted the Petition of Right confidence in the position of king

grew, though the people remained cautious

after his death, Charles II brother, James II is inherits the throne

James II

flaunted his Catholic faith and appointed Catholics to high office Protestants feared a

restoration of the Roman Catholic Church

James II

suspended laws at whim William & Mary are invited

to rule, thus giving James II an option, leave or be executed (James II left for France)

William & Mary

overthrew James II peacefully Glorious Revolution

William & Mary

agreed to the English Bill of Rights creates a limited

monarchy Parliament controls the

power of the purse monarch could no longer

interfere in Parliamentary debate or suspend laws

William & Mary

agreed to the English Bill of Rights Catholics could not

become king or queen reinstated traditional

rights, such as trial by jury abolished excessive fines

and cruel and unusual punishment

affirmed the principle of habeas corpus