Molecular techniques in p lant breeding, Cantho sep tember 2006 1 DAY 1: Molecular biology, the basics • Chapter 1: DNA structure and gene expression, nuclear and organel genomes 53 • Chapter 2: DNA replication, PCR, electrophoresis, DNA sequence analysis 33 • Chapter 3: Organel and ITS sequence, DNA databases, phylogenetic analysis 46 Contents
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Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 20061 DAY 1: Molecular biology, the basics Chapter 1: DNA structure and gene expression, nuclear.
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Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 2006
1
DAY 1: Molecular biology, the basics
• Chapter 1: DNA structure and gene expression, nuclear and organel genomes 53
• Chapter 2: DNA replication, PCR, electrophoresis, DNA sequence analysis 33
• Chapter 3: Organel and ITS sequence, DNA databases, phylogenetic analysis 46
• Pract.: DNA BLAST, alignment, phylogeny
Contents
Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 2006
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DAY 2: Methods for the analysis of DNA polymorphisms
Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 2006
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Chloroplast genomes
• 120 – 200 kb• Genes voor:
rRNA and tRNARNA polymeraseca. 120 proteins for photosynthesis
Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 2006
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Maternal inheritance of mitochondrial DNA
Maternal inheritance through egg cytoplasm, no mixing, no recombination: excellent for lineage analysis
Molecular techniques in plant breeding, Cantho september 2006
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Organel DNA for tracing back
Mystery of Russian tsar-family: bones in grave could be identified based on comparison of mitochondrial DNA with that of living descendants (through the maternal line). Many copies (many circles per organel, many organels per cell) of the DNA allow efficient analysis.