MOLAR VOLUME AND GAS DENSITY - Piedra Vista …pvhs.fms.k12.nm.us/teachers/dengels/genchem_ppts/Chapter 14 gas..."f MOLAR VOLUME AND GAS DENSITY ... Molar volume: one mole of a gas

f'"f MOLAR VOLUME AND

GAS DENSITYAuogadro's Principle: Equal aolumes of gases contain equal numbers of

molecules at the same temperature and pressur'e

Molar volume: one mole of a gas occupies 22.4 liters at sTp.1. What volume in liters will2.7'l moles of He Gas occupy at STp?

2. What volume in liters will0.352 moles of carbon monoxide gas occupy at STP?

3. A volume of 50.0 dm3 of hy{logen sulfide gas, measured at standard conditions, containsmany moles of hydrogen sulfide?

4. How many moles are in 18.3 liters of HF at STp?

5. What volume in liters will 100 g of methane gas occupy at STp?

5. What volume, in literq will40.0 g of HCI gas occupy at STp?

7. Calculate the mass in grams of 40.0 liters of NO gas at standard conditions.

8. How many grarns of nitrogen are there in 100 liters of NO measured at STP?

9. Calculate the mass in grams of .720liters of carbon dioxide at standard conditions?

10' The depity 9f a ggs is expressed units of grams/liter or grams/dm3 or granur dm-3.Avogadr0's h_ypothesis,_1 mole of a gas occupies 22.4 lilers at STP. de mole of agram-moletular mass of the gas (gmw). Theiefdre:

Density = ffi = ffi, This relationship is only for an ideal gas atWhat is the density of COZ at STP? 1..96

What is the density of oxygen gas at Sl?? 1,.43

What is the density of H2S at STP? 1..52

A volume of 2.00 liters of a gas-, measured at STP, has a mass of. 5.7'1, grams. Calculate theapproximate molecular mass of the gas. Hinh Use the relationship oI D - grams/liter andD = gmw/?2.4liters. &.014. A volume of 6.82 liters of a ga:, measured at STP, has a mass of 9.15 g. Calculate theapproximate molecular mass of the gas.

15. Flask A contains 20.0 liters of CH4 gas. Flask B contains 30.0 liters of CO gas. Each volume ismeasured at the same temperature and pressure. If Flask A contains 6.18 miles of CFI4, howmany moles of CO are there in Flask B? g.Z7

6.07

8.11

how2.23

0.817

140

24.6

53.5

62.5

235

According togas is the

11.

72.

1.3.

30.1

MASS-VOLUME STOICHIOMETRICVolume at STP

PROBLEMS

1' How many liters of hydrogen are produced when 2.00 g magnesium ribbonreact with an excess of dilute HCI? i.g4

7.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

B.

9.

How many liters of oxygen are produced when 1.50 gramsare decomposed?

Hg* many liters of hydrogen will be produced by the actioncalcium metal and an excess of hydrochloric acid? Calciumproduct of the reaction.

of potassium chlorate

0.411

of 25.0 grams ofchloride is the other

14.0

To* many Erfms of zinc are needed to produce 5.00 liters of hydrogen whenzinc reacts with an excess of dilute sulfuric acid? ' e U.6

HoY *"1y-qlms of sodium metal are needed to react with an excess of water to2.05produce 1.00 liter of hydrogen?

Io* Tu..y grams of aiuminum are "Ta99 to produce 50.0 mL of hydrogen?The aluminum reacts with an excess of dilute iulfuric acid.

chlorine gas-may-be generated in the laboratory by the reaction betweenmanganese dioxide and. \ydrogen chloride. rie equation is:

MnOz(s) + 4HCl(a9)

-r MnCtz(aq) + 2HzO(l) + CIZ(g)

(a) How many Srams of MnO2 are required to produce 1.00 liter of CIZ at STp?3.88

9] llo.* ATI grams of HCI are required? 6.s1(c) If the HCI is available as a watei solution which is 3T.4Vo hydrogen chlorideby mass, and the solution has a specific gravity of 1..189, what n[h-,^" of HCIsolution must be furnished to thl reacti,on? 14.6

What volume of oxygen would be formed by completed. decomposition of 21.66g of mercury(tr) oxide? I - 7.lz

What volume of chlorine at STP can be obt-11ned by the electrolysis of 100 g ofsodium chloride in a process that is 807o efficient? Metallic sodium andchlorine gas are the products of the electrolysis. 15.3

A certain rocket uses butane, c4H10, as fuel. How many kilograms of liquidoxygen should be carried for the complete combustior oi

"".h-1.00 kg of tutaneto carbon dioxide and water.vapor? - o 3.5g

10,

How many liters of oxygen does this represent at STp? 2.51 x 103

7

vf

IDEAL GAS LAWIf R is torr, it's 62.4; chemistry's fun, the other is .0821

PV = nRT T' ITrY= RT1. What pressure will be exerted. by 0.300 mole of gas contained in an 8.00 liters vessel at 18.0'C?

0.81b atm or 681 torr

2. How many moles of gas will a 486 mL flask hold at 10.0PC and 500 torr? 0.0138

What is the molecular rrass of a gs if 372 mL have a mass of 0.800 g at 373oC and 800 mm Hg?62.6

3.

4, What volume witt Ue occupied by 10.Q g of nihogen gas at 770 totr apd 27.0"C? 8.68 L

5. A certain gas has a density of 1.34 g/liter at27.0"C and 740 torr. C-alculate the molecular mass ofthis gas. 33.9 amu

5. Sixteen grams of oxygen are introduced into an evacuated 10.0 L flask at n.}oc. What is thepressure (in atm) in the container? 1.43 atm

7. The density of a certain gas at 300 K and 0.974 atmis 2.53 g/dnt3. What is its molecular mass?&.0amu