module2_fallhazards

7/29/2019 module2_fallhazards

1/18

Harwood Grant #46J6-HT13 Southwest Safety Training Alliance Inc 1

Module 2

Fall Hazards

Did you know?

Falls from elevationaccount for one third

of all deaths

in construction.


2/18


The training is to teach you:

How to recognize hazards

How to minimize hazards

The training must cover:

Fall hazards

Fall protection systems

Use of fall protection devices

TrainingEmployers must provide fall protection training


3/18


In 2004, the Bureau of Labor Statistics(BLS) reported that 1,224 construction

workers died on the job, with 36 percent ofthose fatalities resulting from falls. Fallsmay result from a number of factors,including unstable working surfaces,misuse of fall protection equipment, andhuman error. Studies have shown that theuse of guardrails, fall arrest systems,

safety nets, covers, and travel restrictionsystems can prevent many of the deathsand injuries that result from falls


4/18


These are real fatal incidents

An employee fell

approximately 12

feet while settingtrusses on a newhome

An employee fell

20 feet from asteel structure

An employee fell

while trying to climbdown the side of ahome underconstruction

An employee fell

from a stepladder

and was impaledon a 33 high steelstanchion

The people talked about here did not make it home the day of the accident.


5/18


Top Fall Protection Citations(FY 2005)

1379

1581

2122

5728

8410

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000

1926.453

1926.503

1926.1053

1926.501

1926.451

Fall protection training

Fall Protection Scope

Ladders

Manually propelled scaffolds - Lifts

Scaffolding General

Citation statistics from Federal OSHA data for OSHA fiscal year 2005


6/18


Causes of

Fall-Related Fatalities

Unprotected sides, edges and holes

Improperly constructed walking/working

surfaces Improper use of access equipment

Failure to properly use PFAS

Slips,Trips & Falls (housekeeping)


7/18


Case study

A steel erection worker, working approximately 51' abovethe surface below, fell causing fatal injuries. The workerwas sitting (straddling) an I- beam, using the pointed endof a spud wrench to align bolt holes of two beams thatwhere to be bolted together. The worker was wearing a full

body harness, along with a tether line and a 5/8" steelsafety line. The steel safety line and tether were notattached to a tie off point and/or to the beam. The workerwas not tied off. During the work process of aligning thebolt holes the worker dropped his spud wrench. The

worker then used a "sleeving" bar to finish the alignmentwork. The bar slipped out of the bolt hole as the workerplaced pressure on to it. When the bar slipped, the workerlost his balance and fell.


8/18


Falls are the leading cause of deaths in the constructionindustry.

Most fatalities occur when employees fall from open-sided

floors and through floor openings.

Falls from as little as 4 to 6 feet can cause serious

lost-time injuries and sometimes death.

Open-sided floors and platforms 6 feet or more inheight must be guarded.

Falls in Construction


9/18


Other challenges of fall protection

Working in a manufacturing facility brings adifferent set of challenges to fall protection.

Most of the work performed in an existing facility

requires workers to perform on cat walks, above

existing production tools, and in the immediate

vicinity of various types of dangerous chemicals

and gases. The problem of providing fall

protection is amplified by the danger of fallingon, and perhaps breaking, the piping systems

that carry them.


10/18



11/18


Fall Protection Hierarchy

in order of effectiveness ELIMINATION

PREVENTION

FALL ARREST

WARNING LINES

SAFETY - MONITORING

ADMINISTRATION


12/18


Duty to Have Fall Protection

1926.501 (b)

Protection is required for:

Unprotected sides & edges

Leading edges Ramps, runways, other walkways

Steep roofs

Residential construction Roofing work

Excavations, wells, pits & shafts


13/18


SUBPART M -

Fall Protection

Major Points

Open sided floors require guardrails at 6 feet. Guard wall openings if the inside bottom edge is less

than 39 inches above the walking/working surface Floor openings and holes are to be covered at all

times. Floor covers must withstand twice the anticipated

load.

Fall protection is required if the worker may fall ondangerous equipment


14/18


In residential construction, you must beprotected if you can fall more than 6 feet

Fall Protection -Residential Construction


15/18


Holes more than 6 feet high must be protected

This opening could be made safe by using a

guardrail, or strong cover

Sky Lights and Other OpeningsAn employeeservicing an

evaporative cooler

fell through an

unprotectedskylight, 30 feet to

the concrete floor


16/18


Cover completely and securely

If no cover, can guard with a guardrailTwice the anticipated load

Floor Holes

Improperly

Covered

An employee

fell

approximately

17 feet during

roof deck

installation


17/18


Good Work Practices

Perform work at ground level if possible

Example: building prefab roofs on theground and lifting into place with a crane

Tether or restrain workers so they can'treach the edge

Designate and use safety monitors (This isthe least desirable of all the systems)

Use conventional fall protection


18/18


Summary

If you can fall more than 6 feet, you mustbe protected

Use fall protection on:

walkways & ramps, open sides & edges,holes, concrete forms & rebar,excavations, roofs, wall openings,bricklaying, residential construction

Protective measures include guardrails,covers, safety nets, and Personal FallArrest Systems (PFAS)

module2_fallhazards

Documents