Module13 theories

S

BehaviorismRay Altmann

Ryan Meyer

Key Points of Behaviorism

Human learning purely objective

Development is based on: Rewards Punishment Stimuli Reinforcement

No internal cognitive processing of information

Categorized into classical and operant conditioning.

Behaviorism

Operant Conditionin

g

Classical Conditionin

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Key Theorist

Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)

Used conditioning to teach dogs to salivate at the sound of a bell

Classic Conditioning- Natural Reflex that occurs in response to stimuli.

Awarded Nobel Prize in 1904

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)

Believed people shaped behavior based on rewards and reinforcement.

Operant Conditioning- Controlled learning that results in changing behavior through rewards and stimuli.

Often used in classroom management techniques

Classroom Implications

The Student Students recognize signals to quiet

down and listen to the instructor

Students behave correctly knowing that they will be rewarded if they do good

Computer programs reward students with positive feedback when given correct answers and does not when given incorrect answers

Students learn from negative rewards in the classroom and stop the past behavior

The Teacher Reward good behaviors with:

Treats Praise Other positive rewards

Use computer programs that use operant conditioning to develop skills

Use negative rewards (punishment) to stop and correct negative behavior

Our Opinions of Behaviorism

Overall, Behaviorism is effective in the classroom

It should be used along with other theories to provide a better educational experience

Using rewards, punishment, and stimuli in the classroom is simple and effective with and without technology

Positive and Negative Reinforcement

NEGATIVE (Something is removed)

Negative ReinforcementSomething is removed to increase desired behaviorEx: Give a free homework pass for turning in all assignments

Negative PunishmentSomething is removed to decrease undesired behaviorEx: Make student miss their time in recess for not following the class rules

POSITIVE (Something is added)

Positive Reinforcement Something is added to increase desired behavior Ex: Smile and compliment student on good performance

Positive Punishment Something is added to decrease undesired behavior Ex: Give student detention for failing to follow the class rules

Works Cited

Abbott, Lynda. "Operant Conditioning in the Classroom." TeachNet. University of Texas, 2008. Web. 17 Apr. 2011. <http://teachnet.edb.utexas.edu/~Lynda_abbot/Opinnov.html>.

Boeree, C. George. "B. F. Skinner." B.F. Skinner Personal Theories. 2006. Web. 17 Apr. 2011. <http://webspace.ship.edu/cgboer/skinner.html>.

Hughes, Carolyn. "Education Department - Fitchburg State University." Fitchburg State University: Fitchburg, Massachusetts. 2011. Web. 17 Apr. 2011. <http://www.fitchburgstate.edu/education/>.

"Ivan Pavlov - Biography". Nobelprize.org. 17 Apr 2011 http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1904/pavlov-bio.html

Shelly, Gary B., Gunter, Glenda A., and Randolph E. Gunter. "Learning Theories and Educational Research." Teachers Discovering Computers: Integrating Technology and Digital Media in the Classroom. By Gary B. Shelly. 6th ed. Boston, MA: Thomson/Course Technology, 2010. 368-71. Print.