Module 1 mcc presentation - basic concepts of sports

MODULE 1 :

• BASIC CONCEPTS OF SPORTS

• COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

• CLASSIFICATION OF SPORT

BASIC CONCEPTS OF SPORTS(Ryan)

Exercise or Physical activity: Includes anything that gets you movingEg: Walking, dancing, or working in the yard.

Sports: It is all forms of competitive physical activity

COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS

SKILL RELATEDinvolves skills that will enhance one’s

performance in athletic or sports events

Speed: The ability to move quickly from one point to another in a straight line.For example, when playing golf, the speed of your arms and upper body and creating the swing are vital in driving the ball over a long distance.

Reaction Speed and Time: The ability to reach or respond quickly to what you hear, see, or feelResponding to the gun at the start of a race, goalkeeper saving a penalty, or a badminton

player reacting to a smash shot.

Balance: The ability to maintain an upright posture while still or moving

In gymnastics and ballet where having good balance may prevent you being tackled to the floor

Coordination: Integration with hand and/or foot movements with the input of the senses.

Hand-eye coordination in racket sports and the co-ordination to use the opposite arm and leg when sprinting.

Power: The ability to do strength work at an explosive pace. For example, a sprint start, a shot-put or javelin throw or long-jump.

Agility: The ability of the body to change direction quicklyIn sports such as football and rugby where the player

with the ball dodges a defender,or in badminton or tennis, moving around the court quickly to reach the shuttlecock/ball in time.

COMPONENTS OF PHYSICAL FITNESS(Ryan)

HEALTH RELATED

involves skills that enable one to become and stay physically healthy

Cardiovascular Fitness: The ability of the circulatory system (heart and blood vessels) to supply oxygen to working muscles during exercise.

Body Composition: The relative percentage of body fat compared to lean body mass (muscle, bone, water,etc)

3. Flexibility: The range of movement possible at various joints

Muscular strength: The amount of force that can be produced by a single contraction of a muscle

Muscular endurance: The ability of a muscle group to continue muscle movement over a length of time.

CLASSIFICATION OF SPORTS

a) AEROBIC, ANAEROBIC, INTERMITTENT EXERCISE

(Ryan)

AEROBICS EXERCISE

• Aerobic literally means "with oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen in muscles' energy-generating process

• In such exercise, oxygen is used to "burn" fats and glucose in order to produce adenosine triphosphate, the basic energy carrier for all cells.

• Aerobic exercise includes lower intensity activities performed for longer periods of time.

• Activities like walking, jogging, and cycling require a great deal of oxygen to make the energy needed for prolonged exercise..

ANAEROBIC EXERCISE

• The term "anaerobic" means "without air" or "without oxygen."

• Anaerobic exercise helps us increase our muscle strength and stay ready for quick bursts of speed.

• Anaerobic exercise uses muscles at high intensity and a high rate of work for a short period of time.

• Anaerobic exercise is typically used by athletes in non-endurance sports to build power and by body builders to build muscle mass.

INTERMITTENT EXERCISE

Intermittent Exercise alternates spurts of intensive exertion (work interval) with periods of lower intensity activity (relief period) or rest in one exercise session

Eg: Soccer , Basketball

Soccer players are required to alternate between various modes of activity such as walking, standing, running, sprinting and jumping

(Anandini)

b) ENDURANCE AND RESISTANCE EXERCISES

ENDURANCE EXERCISE

• Activity for a long period of time

• Relies on the aerobic system for energy

• Aerobic system provides energy over long duration

• Examples : running, swimming, cycling

• Examples in team sports

Benefits of endurance exercise:

• Promotes cardiovascular health

• Strengthens joints

• Increases mental awareness

• Improves efficiency of respiratory system

• Lowers tiredness

• Increases metabolism

STRENGTH EXERCISE

• Muscle contraction - increases muscle mass

• Build strength and size of skeletal muscles

• Anaerobic form of exercise

Benefits of strength exercise:

• Improved muscle strength & tone

• Weight Management

• Improves posture

• Increases bone density

• Lowers body fat

• Boosts metabolism

(Shona)

c) ISOMETRIC AND ISOTONIC EXERCISE. INDIVIDUAL SPORTS

ISOMETRIC EXERCISE

• Doesn't altering the length of muscles

• There is no joint movement.

• Hold a pose for as long as you can

• Don't move or put your muscle(s) through any range of motion.

Examples would include: 1) Holding a static pushup position; 2) Holding a dumbbell in one hand 3) Pushing against an immovable object, such as a wall.4) Pressing the hands together

ISOTONIC EXERCISE

• Alters the length of muscles

• There is joint movement.

• Isotonic exercises involve a eccentric (lowering phase) and a concentric (lifting phase)

• Muscles working through a range of motion.

Examples would includeLifting weights, swimming, rock climbing, cycling

TEAM SPORTS

Hockey, Football, Cricket, Baseball, Basketball, Volleyball, Tennis, Water polo, Rowing, Rugby

INDIVIDUAL SPORTS

Golf, Cycling, Sprinting,Archery, Shot put