Lesson 1 Theme: Investigating Living Things. Learning objective: 1.1 Understanding that some animals live in groups and others live in solitary. Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to: • state that some animals live in groups; • state that some animals live in solitary; • give examples of animals that live in groups; • give examples of animals that live in solitary. SPS: Observing, making inferences and communicating. STEPS Activities Preparation 1 Picture (L1/APP1). 2 Worksheets (L1/WS1, L1WS2). Teacher’s briefing 1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks assigned to the pupils. 2 Distributes the pictures and asks pupils to name the animals.(L1/APP1) Pupils’ action 1 Pupils name the animals.(L1/APP1) 2 Pupils discuss the ways animals live. 3 Pupils group the animals according to the way of living. 4 Pupils present the result of their discussion to the class. 5 Pupils work individually to complete the worksheet given.(L1/WS1) Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that some animals live in groups and some live in solitary. Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L1/WS2)
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Lesson 1 Theme: Investigating Living Things.
Learning objective: 1.1 Understanding that some animals live in
groups and others live in solitary.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state that some animals live in groups;
• state that some animals live in solitary;
• give examples of animals that live in groups;
• give examples of animals that live in solitary.
SPS: Observing, making inferences and communicating.
STEPS Activities
Preparation 1 Picture (L1/APP1).
2 Worksheets (L1/WS1, L1WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes the pictures and asks pupils to name
the animals.(L1/APP1)
Pupils’ action
1 Pupils name the animals.(L1/APP1)
2 Pupils discuss the ways animals live.
3 Pupils group the animals according to the way of
living.
4 Pupils present the result of their discussion to the
class.
5 Pupils work individually to complete the worksheet
given.(L1/WS1)
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that some
animals live in groups and some live in solitary.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L1/WS2)
LI/APP1 Animals
L1/WS1 Name: __________________________________________________ Class: __________________________ Date: ____________ Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1.
A tiger __________________________. 2
An elephant _____________________. 3.
A polar bear _____________________. 4.
A fruit bat _______________________. 5.
A zebra _________________________.
live in solitary live in groups
LI/WS2 Name: __________________________________________________ Class: _______________________________ Date: _________ Group the animals according to the way they live.
Tiger Orang Utan Fox
Leopard Ant Zebra
Elephant Eagle Cow
Goat Bat Bear
Live In Groups
Live In Solitary
Lesson 2 Theme: Investigating Living Things.
Learning objective: 1.1 Understanding that some animals live in
groups and others live in solitary.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• explain why animals live in groups;
• explain why animals live in solitary;
• state that cooperation is a form of interaction
among animals.
SPS: Observing, classifying and predicting.
Steps Activities
Preparation 1 Picture (L2/APP1).
2 Worksheets (L2/WS1, L2/WS2, L2/WS3).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes the pictures and explains about the
animals. (L2/APP1)
Pupil’s action
1 Name the animals that live in solitary and the
animals that live in groups.
2 Give reasons why some animals live in groups
and some live in solitary.
3 Complete the worksheet. (L2/WS1)
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
some animals live in groups for safety and food and
some animals live in solitary to avoid competition for
food and space.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (LP/WS2)
L2/APP1 Animals That Live In Solitary Animals That Live In Groups
L2/APP2
Reasons For Animals To Live In Solitary And In Groups. A bobcat lives in solitary to avoid competition for food and space.
A tiger lives in solitary to avoid competition for food and space.
Deer live in groups for safety.
Lions live in groups to search for food.
L2/WS1 Name: __________________________________________________ Class: _______________________ Date: _______________ Choose the correct word to fill in the blanks. 1.
A tiger lives in solitary to avoid competition for
_______________________. 2.
Elephants live in groups for ____________________. 3.
A polar bear lives in solitary to avoid competition for
____________________. 4.
A zebra lives in groups for ______________________.
safety food space
L2/WS2
Name: __________________________________________________ Class: ________________________ Date: ____________ Group the animals according to the way they live.
Fox Deer Leopard
Zebra Cow Ant
Goat Tiger Bear
Fill in the blanks with the correct answers.
(i) Deer live in groups for _____________________________.
(ii) A leopard lives in solitary to avoid competition for
__________________________.
Live In Solitary Live In Groups
food and safety food and space
Lesson 3 Theme: Investigating Living Things
Learning Objectives: 1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of
interaction among living things.
Learning Outcomes : At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state that living things interact with one
another in the environment;
• state that competition is a form of
interaction;
• list the factors that animals compete for;
• give the reasons why animals compete.
SPS : Interpreting data , making inferences and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Pictures (L3/APP1), (L3/APP2).
2 Worksheets (L3/WS1), (L3/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective for the lesson.
2 Discusses the factors that animals compete for.
3 Distributes pictures and text and explains about
interactions among the animals in the environment.
(L3/APP1), (L3/APP2)
4 Guides pupils to complete the given worksheet.
(L3 / WS1 )
Pupils’ action
List factors which animals compete for ( food,
water, mate, shelter/territory or space ).
Conclusion 1 Pupils discuss the answers.
2 Teacher guides pupils to make conclusions based
on their discussion.
Follow-up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L3/WS2).
L3 /APP1
Factors That Animals Compete For.
a) Competition for food and water. Food and water are the basic needs of animals. Competition
occurs when the food and water resources are limited. If the food and
water resources are abundant, animals do not need to compete for
them.
b) Competition for mate. Competition for mate occurs among the same species of
animals. Animals need to mate to ensure the survival of their
species. Competition occurs when two male animals fight for a
mate.
L3 /APP2
c) Competition for space and shelter Competition occurs when animals are looking for shelter or
defending their own shelter. Animals also need to be in control
of certain space that provides them with food, water and
shelter.
L3 /WS1 Name : __________________________________________________
Class :_______________________ Date:__________________
Based on the picture, list the animals that compete for :
a) food (grass) b) shelter (trees)
(i) __________ (i) ____________
(ii) __________ (ii) ____________
(iii) __________
Squirrel Owl
Tiger
Cow
MousedeerDeer
Crocodile
Cat
Duck
SnakeFish
Live in ground
L3 / WS2 Name : _________________________________________________
Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Choose the correct answer.
1 The picture shows animal X and animal Y.
X Y
Which of the factors above that animals X and Y compete for ?
A R only
B T only
C R and S
D S and T
2 Diagram 2 shows the inter-relationship between living things in a
habitat.
Diagram 2
R - Shelter
S - Food
T - Water
Which of the following factors increases the competition among
carnivores in a habitat?
A The amount of grass increases
B The number of deer decreases
C The number of tiger decreases
D The number of zebra increases
3 The diagram shows animal M and animal N
M N
Diagram 3
Based on the statements above, choose the correct statements
for animal M and N.
A R and S
B S and T
C T and U
D R and U
R - M competes with N to get food
S - Both animals are carnivores
T - M and N are living in the same habitat.
U - Both animals give birth.
4 The animals above are competing for
A food chain
B life cycle
C a mate
D the survival of their species
5 The factors that animals compete for are
A I and II
B II and III
C II, II and IV
D I, II, III and IV
I sunlight
II shelter
III water
IV food
Lesson 4 Theme: Investigating Living Things
Learning Objectives: 1.2 Understanding that competition is a form of
Interaction among living things.
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state that living things interact with one
another in the environment;
• state that competition is a form of
interaction;
• list the factors that plants compete for;
• give the reasons why plants compete.
SPS : Observing, making inferences and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Picture and text (L4/APP1).
2 Worksheets (L4/WS1, L4/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Distributes picture and text and explains why
plants compete with each other. (L4/APP1)
2 Guides pupils to complete the worksheet given.
(L4/WS1)
Pupils’ action
Pupils complete the worksheet. (L4/WS1)
Conclusion Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion
that plants compete with each other to get enough
sunlight, water, space and nutrients.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L4/WS2)
L4 /APP1 Factors That Plant Compete For.
Sunlight Nutrients
Space Water
Competition among plants in their habitats. Plants compete for sunlight, water, nutrients and space.
If more plants grow in the area, the competition among plants
L5/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Classify these animals into groups of endangered and non-endangered
animals.
Panda
Sea turtle
Gorilla
Snake
Whale
Elephant Rhinoceros
Frog
Monkey Dolphin
Hornbill
Tapir
Praying Mantis
Cat
Rat
Hen
Endangered Animals
Non-endangered
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
L5/WS3 Name: __________________________________________________ Class: __________________________ Date: ____________ Circle the correct answer.
1 Which of the following animals is facing the threat of extinction?
A B
C D
2
Which of the following animals are facing the threat of extinction?
A P and Q
B P and R
C P, Q and R
D Q, R and S
P - Elephant Q - Hen R - Rhinoceros S - Frog
3 The diagram shows animal P.
P
Which of the following activities cause the extinction of animal P ?
A Burning
B Fishing
C Pollution
D Hunting
4 These animals are extinct except A dodo bird
B dinosaur
C tasmanian tiger
D elephant
5 The statement below is about X.
What is X?
A Tiger
B Tapir
C Elephant
D Rhinoceros
• Facing extinction • Lives in the jungle • Hunted for its tusks
Lesson 6 Theme: Investigating Living Things
Learning Objective: 1.3 Understanding the responsibility of human
beings in protecting endangered species.
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• give example of endangered plants;
• explain why certain plants are facing the
threat of extinction;
• suggest ways to prevent plants from
extinction.
SPS: Observing, making inferences, communicating and classifying.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Pictures of endangered plants (L6/APP1).
2 Notes (L6/APP2).
3 Worksheets (L6/WS1, L6/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned for the pupils.
2 Distributes pictures and notes and explains about
what will happen to the plants if human beings do
not protect them.
Pupils’ action
1 Identify the endangered species of plants and
discuss ways of preventing them from extinction.
(L6/APP1, L6/APP2)
2 Name the endangered species of plants in the
picture. (L6/WS1)
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that humans
are responsible in protecting the endangered species
of plants.
Follow Up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L6/WS2)
L6/APP1 Endangered species of plants.
Wild orchid
Venus fly trap
Sidalcea
Callirhoe papave
Rafflesia
Pitcher plant
L6/APP2
Ways of preventing endangered animals and plants from extinction.
Ways of preventing Agencies
1 Organizing campaigns
against excessive logging.
2 Educating the public about
the importance of protecting
and conserving animals and
plants.
3 Avoid consuming or buying
products made from
endangered animals and
plants species.
4 Enforcing law to protect the
endangered plant species.
Government ( NGO) bodies.
Parents, schools and universities.
The community, parents and NGO
bodies.
The Government.
The Government and Non-
L6/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
A. Choose and write the correct name of these endangered plants.
1
2
3
4
B. Write true or false for the statements.
1. Campaigns against excessive logging must be carried out. ( )
2. Buy more products made of endangered species of plants. ( )
3. Educate the public about the importance of conserving the
endangered species. ( )
4. Enforcing law to protect the endangered species. ( )
Wild orchid
Venus fly trap
Pitcher plant
Rafflesia
L6/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Study the bar chart and answer the questions.
1 Hafiz and his friends gathered information about a species of animal
in a habitat. The bar chart shows the information obtained by them.
(a) What is the trend in the number of the animals?
(b) Give two inferences to explain the trend in (a).
i. _____________________________________________________
ii. ______________________________________________________
(c) Predict what will happen in 2010 to the species in the trend
continues.
(d) Suggest two ways to increase the number of the animal species in
this habitat.
i _______________________________________________________
ii _______________________________________________________
Number of animals
Year 1998 2001 2004 2007
Lesson 7 Theme: Investigating Living Things
Learning objective: 1.4 Knowing the impact of human activities on
environment.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• give examples of environmental destruction
caused by human;
• explain how human activities cause
environmental destruction.
SPS: Observing, making inferences and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation1 A picture puzzle (L7/APP1).
2 Pictures and notes (L7/APP2).
3 Worksheets (L7/WS1, L7/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes and explains about the picture puzzle.
(L7/APP1)
3 Guides pupils to read and identify the keywords from
the text given.
Pupils’ action
1 Solve the picture puzzle (L7/APP1).
2 Read and identify the keywords in the text
(L7/APP2)
3 Present the product of their discussion to the class.
4 Complete the worksheet given. (L7/WS1)
Debriefing
Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that some
human activities can cause environmental destructions.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L7/WS2)
L7/APP1
L7/APP2
Environmental Destruction Caused By Human
Erosion
• Cutting down too many trees will lead to soil erosion.
Landslide
• Erosion of the soil can cause landslides.
Flash-flood
• Throwing rubbish into drains and rivers can block the flow of water and can cause flashfloods during heavy rain.
Water Pollution
• Throwing rubbish and toxic wastes from factories into rivers can cause water pollution.
Air Pollution
• Smoking, open burning and fume from vehicles and factories give out poisonous gases which can cause air pollution.
L7/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Write the cause of these environmental destructions.
Environmental Destruction Cause
Erosion
Landslide
Flash-flood
Water Pollution
Air Pollution
L7/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Circle the correct answer. 1 Water pollution is caused by.
A smoke B acid rain C burning of fuels D domestic waste
2 The figure below shows open burning of waste.
What is the effect of this activity?
A Water pollution B Air pollution C Landslide D Erosion
3 Refer to the pictures below. Before After The situation above is caused by.
A burning B logging C hunting D conserving
4 What will happen to the Earth if human activities are not controlled?
A The number of trees increases B The number of animals increases C Acid rain will not happen D Environmental destruction will occur
5 Match the pictures to the phrases.
air pollution
flash-flood
landslide
erosion
water pollution
A
B
C
D
E
Lesson 8 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objective: 1.1 Pupils should learn that pushing and pulling
can change the shape of an object.
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson pupils should be able to:
• state that push and pull are force.
SPS: Observing, inferring and classifying. Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Spring, rubber band, tin can and a piece of
dough.
2 Worksheet (L8/WS1).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Asks the pupils to use force upon the objects
given so that their shape changes.
2 Discusses with the pupils the type of force used.
3 Distributes and guides the pupils to complete the
worksheet (L8/WS1).
Pupils’ action
Pupils work in groups to do the activities and to
complete the worksheet given. (L8/WS1)
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
pushing and pulling is a force.
Follow-up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L8/WS2)
L8/WS1 Name : ________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: ________________
Do the activities below and state the type of force used. 1. Compress a spring.
Match the activities in the picture to the correct forces.
PUSH
PULL
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Lesson 9 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy.
Learning objective: 1.2 Understanding the effects of a force.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state that a force can move a stationary object;
• state that a force can stop moving object.
SPS: Observing and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation1 A toy car.
2 Worksheets (L9/WS1, L9/WS2)
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson.
2 Distributes the worksheet and shows the pupils how
to do the activities. (L9/WS1)
Pupils’ action
1 Do the activities in small groups and complete the
worksheet. (L9/WS1)
2 Read out the answers.
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that force
can move stationary objects and stop moving objects.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet. (L9/WS2)
L9/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ ACTIVITY 1.
1 Teacher gives a toy car to each group.
2 Pupils push the toy car in their groups.
3 Pupils make an observation.
Observation : The toy car ___________________ when pushed.
(moves, does not move ) Conclusion : A force __________________ a stationary object.
( can move, cannot move)
ACTIVITY 2. 1 Pupils push the toy car and then stop it with their hands.
2 Pupils make an observation. Observation: The toy car ______________________________ when pushed.
(moves, stops)
Conclusion : A force can ____________________ a moving object.
(move, stop)
L9/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
A Match the activities to the correct effect of force.
1
2 3 4 5
A force can move a stationary object.
A force can stop a moving object.
L9/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Circle the correct answer.
1 Diagram 1 shows a stationary marble on the floor. Diagram 1
What will happen if we push the marble?
A The marble moves.
B The marble breaks.
C The marble changes in shape.
D The marble changes direction.
2 Diagram 2 shows an investigation carried out by Ali .
Diagram 2
Based on the observation in diagram 2, what is the effect of
force on the ping pong ball?
A Force can stop the ping pong ball moving.
B Force changes the shape of the ping pong ball .
C Force causes the stationary ping pong ball to move.
D Force can slow down the movement of the ping pong ball.
Lesson 10
Theme: Investigating Force and Energy.
Learning objective: 1.2 Understanding the effects of a force.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• State that a force can change the motion of an
object.
SPS: Observing and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Some ping pong balls and straws.
2 Worksheets (L10/WS1, L10/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Asks pupils to state the effects of a force that
they have learned in the previous lesson.
2 Distributes the worksheet and briefs pupils how
to do the activities. (L10/WS1)
Pupils’ action
1 Carry out the activities in small groups.
2 Write observations and conclusions in the
worksheet. (L10/WS1)
Conclusion
Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that a
force can:
• change the direction of a moving object;
• make an object move faster;
• make an object move slower.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet. (L10/WS2)
L10/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ ACTIVITY 1 1 Blow a moving table tennis ball as shown in diagram 1. Table tennis ball is moving straw Direction of blow
Diagram 1 Observation: The table tennis ball moves forward ________________.
(faster, slower)
Conclusion : A force can make an object moves _____________________ .
( faster, slower )
ACTIVITY 2 1 Blow a moving table tennis ball as shown in diagram 2.
straw
Blowing direction movement of table tennis ball
Diagram 2 Observation: The table tennis ball mo ves __________________________.
( slower, faster )
Conclusion: A force can make an object moves ___________________.
(slower, faster)
L10/WS1 ACTIVITY 3 1 Blow a moving ping pong ball from one side. blow
straw
movement of ping pong ball Diagram 3 Observation : The ping pong ball moves to the __________________________.
( side, back ).
Conclusion: A force can change the ___________________________ of a
moving object. ( direction, shape ).
L10/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Find and colour the given words in the word maze.
EFFECT FORCE MOVE STOP
SLOWER FASTER CHANGE SHAPE
DIRECTION STATIONARY
A E F F E C T H I L
C X V R G F O R C E
D I R E C T I O N G
E H S L O W E R Q M
G D C M C H A N G E
H S H A P E J T R I
I X G F A S T E R I
S T O P O P M O V E
S T A T I O N A R Y
L10/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Circle the correct answer.
1 The arrow in the diagram below shows the direction of a moving
ping pong ball. __________________________
What will happen if we blow the ping pong ball in the same direction ?
A The ping pong ball stops. B The ping pong ball moves faster. C The ping pong ball moves slower. D The ping pong ball changes direction.
2 Which of these is not affected by force?
A Mass of an object. B Shape of an object. C The speed of a moving object. D The direction of a moving object.
Lesson 11 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objectives: 1.3 Analysing Friction
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
● state that friction is a type of force.
● describe the effects of friction.
SPS : Observing, communicating and measuring and using numbers.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1. A rubber ball and some chalks.
2. Worksheets (L11/WS1, L11/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Guides pupils to do activities based on worksheet
(L11/WS1).
Pupils’ action
1 Pupils do the activities and complete the worksheet
given. (L11/WS1)
2 Pupils present the answers to the class.
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
friction can change the size of an object and slows
down the movement of an object. Follow up
Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L11/WS2)
L11/APP1
Notes for the teacher:
• Possible question :
What is the purpose / aim of this investigation?
• Possible answers:
To know / show / investigate / test / find out the relationship
between the (manipulated variable) and the (responding
variable).
• Possible question :
State the relationship between the two variables in this
investigation?
• Possible answers:
(can be used for answering hypothesis)
• Possible questions and answers:
State
i What to keep the same
(constant / controlled / fixed variable)
ii What to change
(manipulated variable)
iii What to measure
(responding variable)
L11/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
A. Chalk Dance Procedure 1. Measure the length of the chalk.
2. Rub the chalk vertically on a rough surface.
3. Measure the length of the chalk after rubbing.
Before After Length of the chalk
(cm)
Conclusion:
Friction can _____________________ the size of an object.
B. Rolling Ball Procedure
1. Roll a ball on the cement floor and measure the distance
travelled.
2. Roll the ball on the grass and measure the distance travelled.
Cement floor Grass Distance travelled by
the ball (cm)
Observation:
i. Cement floor: (Longer / Shorter) distance.
ii. Grass: (Longer / Shorter) distance.
Inference:
i. Cement floor has (lesser / more) friction.
ii. Grass has (lesser / more) friction.
Marble surface Ball
L11/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Answer the questions.
Fahrin carried out an investigation to study the distance travelled by a
ball on different surfaces. He used three different types of surface.
200 cm
Ball Cement surface
Ball
Grass
200 cm
200 cm
He recorded the distance the ball moved on each surface.
Type of surface Distance travelled by the ball (cm)
Marble 100
Cement 50
Grass 30
a What is the aim of this investigation?
To investigate the relationship between ___________________
and the ___________________________________________ .
b State:
i What to keep the same (controlled variable)
Size of ________________________
ii What to change (manipulated variable)
Type of ________________________
iii What to measure (responding variable)
________________ travelled by the ball.
c State the relationship between the two variables in this
investigation.
The ( rougher / smoother ) the type of surface, the ( shorter /
longer) the distance the ball moves.
d Why do you think that the distance of the ball moving on the
marble surface is the furthest? Give one reason.
The surface of the marble has the (least / most) friction.
Lesson 12 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objectives: 1.3 Analysing Friction
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
● describe ways to reduce friction.
SPS : Observing, communicating and measuring and using numbers.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Some wooden blocks, oil and rulers.
2 Worksheets (L12/WS1, L12/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Guides the pupils how to do the activities in the
worksheet (L12/WS1).
Pupils’ action
1 Do the activities and complete the activity form.
(L12/WS1)
2 Discuss the answers with the teacher.
Conclusion Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion about
the ways to reduce friction.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given (L12/WS2)
L12/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: ________________
Procedure 1. Push the wooden block on the non-oily surface. Measure and
record the distance of the block moving.
2. Push the wooden block on the oily surface. Measure and record
the distance of the block moving.
Observation
Type of surface Distance travelled by block (cm)
Non-oily surface
Oily surface Inference
The distance travelled by the block on the oily surface is
____________ (farther, shorter) because it has ___________ (less,
more) friction.
Conclusion: Oil can _________________ friction.
Non-oily surface
Oily surface
Wooden block
L12/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
In this experiment, Daneena pushes a wooden block on a non-oily surface.
Then she pushes the same wooden block on an oily surface. The result is as
follows:
The block moves further on the oily surface.
a) The block moves further on the oily surface. Give one reason. __________________________________________________ b) State the following: i) What to keep the same (controlled variable)? __________________________________________ ii) What to change (manipulated variable)? __________________________________________ iii) What to measure (responding variable)? ___________________________________________ c) State one conclusion that can be made from the experiment on
the oily surface. _________________________________ can reduce friction.
Non-oily surface
Oily surface
Wooden blocks
Lesson 13 Theme : Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objectives: 1.3 Analysing Friction
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
● describe ways to increase friction.
SPS: Observing, communicating and measuring and using numbers.
Approaches Activities
Preparation
1 New sole of shoes
2 Worn-out sole of shoes
3 Worksheets (L13/WS1, L13/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the
tasks assigned to the pupils.
2 Shows two different soles of shoes to the pupils
and explains that the pattern on soles of shoes
can increase friction.
Pupils’ action
1 Observe both shoes and fill in the activity form.
(L13/WS1)
2 Discuss the answers with the teacher.
Conclusion Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
one way to increase friction is by making patterns
on the surface of objects.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L13/WS2)
L13/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Activity Observe two different soles of shoes. A - New shoes
B - Worn-out shoes
Answer the following questions:
1 What will happen when we use shoes A on a wet floor?
Answer: ______________________________________
2 What will happen when we use shoes B on a wet floor?
Answer: ______________________________________
3 Give a reason to your observation on shoes A.
Answer: ______________________________________
4 Give another way to increase friction.
Answer: ______________________________________
Conclusion:
We can increase friction by using ______________________
L13/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
Answer the questions.
1 Which of the following is safe to use?
A A worn-out tyre
B A pair of worn-out shoes.
C A pair of new shoes with patterns on the soles.
D A pair of new shoes without patterns on the soles.
2 Which of the following statements explain the benefit of patterns
on the surface of car tyres?
I To make the car look good.
II The car can move safely during a rainy day.
III The driver has confidence while driving.
IV When the driver breaks his car, the car can stop safely.
A I and II
B I and IV
C II, III and IV
D I, II, III and IV
3 What will happen if Aminah uses a pair of worn-out shoes on a
wet surface?
A She will slip. C She will laugh.
B She will move faster. D Nothing will happen.
4 Which of the following can increase friction?
II Use oil.
III Patterns on the tyres.
IIII Use of wheels or rollers
IIV Patterns on the sole of shoes.
A I and II only C II and III only
B I and III only D III and IV only
5 What is the use of the patterns on soles of shoes?
A To increase friction.
B To decrease friction.
C To make the shoe last longer
D To make the shoe more beautiful
Lesson 14 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objectives: 1.3 Analysing Friction
Learning Outcomes: By the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
● state the advantages of friction.
● state the disadvantages of friction.
● conclude that friction occurs when two
surfaces are in contact.
SPS : Observing and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 A worn-out shoe
2 A mind map (L14/APP1).
3 Worksheets (L14/WS1, L14/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Explains the advantages and disadvantages of
friction using a mind map. (L14/APP1)
Pupils’ action
1 Read the text and colour keywords as instructed.
L14/WS1)
2 Present the answers to the class.
Conclusion Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that:
i. friction occurs when two surfaces are in contact.
ii. friction has its advantages and disadvantages.
Follow-up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L14/WS2)
L14/APP1 Advantages and Disadvantages of Friction
Allow vehicles to
travel on the road safely
Slow down or
stops moving vehicles
Enable us
to hold things
Allow us to walk or run
without slipping
Enable us to sharpen
a knife ADVANTAGES
Waste energy
Produce heat that damages
parts of machines
Cause surfaces to wear-out
e.g. Tyres, Sole of shoes
DISADVANTAGES
L14/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________ Read the following text and then carry out the task below.
Friction is a force that opposes the movement of an object. Friction only occurs when two surfaces are in contact. Friction is useful in our everyday life. Friction allows us to walk
or run without slipping. Without friction, we will not be able to walk or
run on the ground. Friction also allows vehicles to travel on the road
safely. The brake system in the vehicles makes use of friction to slow
down or stop the vehicles. A friction enables us to hold things because
it prevents the objects from slipping. Friction enables us to sharpen
knives and other tools.
Despite all these benefits of friction, it can also cause problems
in our everyday life. Friction makes objects move slower. We need
more energy to make them move faster. Friction can also cause
surfaces to wear out, for examples tyres and sole of shoes. Friction
produces heat that damages surfaces or parts of machines.
Use the coloured pencils to underline the answers for the following questions: 1 What is friction? (blue) 2 What are the advantages of friction? (green) 3 What are the disadvantages of friction? (red)
L14/WS2 Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: ________________
Write True or False.
1. Friction only occurs when two surfaces are in contact. ( ) 2. The direction of the frictional force is always opposite
to the direction of movement of an object. ( ) 3. Friction allows us to walk or run without slipping. ( )
4. Friction allows vehicles to travel on the road safely. ( )
5. The brake system in the vehicles makes use of friction to
enable the vehicles to move faster. ( )
6. Friction enables us to hold a pen when writing. ( )
7. Friction enables us to sharpen a pencil. ( )
8. Friction makes objects move faster. ( )
9. Friction does not cause surfaces to wear out. ( )
10. Friction produces heat that damages some part of
machines. ( )
Lesson 15 Theme: Investigating Force and Energy Learning Objective: 1.3 Analysing Friction Learning Outcome: At the end of the lesson pupils should be able to:
• Find out how different types of surfaces
affect that distance a trolley moves by
deciding what to change, what to keep the
same and what to measure.
SPS: Observing, making inferences, communication, interpreting data and controlling variables.
Approaches Activities
Preparation Worksheets (LS15/WS1, L15/WS 2)
Teacher ‘s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Guides the pupils how to do a fair test.
3 Distributes a worksheet. (LS15/WS1)
Pupils’ action
1 Complete the worksheet by carrying out a fair
test. (L15/WS1)
2 Pupils present their answer to the class.
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
i The smoother the surface is, the longer the
distance the trolley moves.
ii The rougher the surface is, the shorter the
distance the trolley moves Pupils descried
the way to change the distance traveled by
a trolley.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L15/WS2)
An investigation is carried out to study the factors that affect the
distance a trolley moves by using different types of surface. The results
are recorded in the table below.
Types of surfaces The distance a trolley moves (cm)
Glass 50
Cement 40
Wood 30
Tar road 10
a State the following i) What to keep the same (controlled variable)? __________________________________________ ii) What to change (manipulated variable)? __________________________________________
iii) What to measure (responding variable)? ___________________________________________
b Observation :
i The trolley moves ____________ (farther, nearer) on a glass
surface than on the other surfaces.
ii The trolley moves_____________ (farther, nearer) on a tar
road than on the other surfaces.
c Conclusion:
i The __________the surface, the longer the distance a trolley
moves. (rougher, smoother)
ii The __________the surface is, the shorter is the distance a
trolley moves. (rougher, smoother ).
L15/WS2
Name : _________________________________________________ Class: ___________________________ Date: _________________
a What do you want to find out from this investigation?
To investigate the relationship between the _________________ and the ________________________.
b Based on this investigation, match the following answers correctly.
c State the relationship between the type of surface and the distance the trolley moves.
The ____________ (smoother, rougher) the surface, the
_________(shorter, longer) the distance the trolley moves.
Size of the trolley
What to change (manipulated variable)
What to measure (responding variable)
Different types of
surface
What to keep the same (fixed variable)
The distance a trolley
moves
Lesson 16 Theme : Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objective : 2.1 Understanding Speed
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson pupils should be able to:
• state that an object which moves faster
travels a longer distance in a given time
• state that an object which moves faster takes
a shorter time to travel a given distance.
SPS : Observing, measuring and using numbers and making inferences.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Notes (L16 /APP1)
2 Worksheets (L16 /WS1, L16 /WS2)
Teacher’s
briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson.
2 Distributes notes to the pupils and explains
about the relationship between speed and
distance. (L16/APP1).
3 Distributes worksheets to the pupils (L16/WS1)
Pupils’ action
Complete the worksheet with teacher’s guidance.
(L16/WS1)
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that
the relationship between speed and distance of an
object.
Follow Up Pupils answer the worksheets given. (L16 /WS2)
L16 /APP1 Speed :
1) Speed is a measurement of how fast an object moves.2) Every moving object has speed. 3) An object that moves faster can travel farther at a given time.
Situation I
A black cat runs 10 metres in 20 seconds.
A brown cat runs 30 metres in 20 seconds.
• Which cat is faster? The brown cat.
• Give your reason :
The brown cat is able to run farther than the black cat within 20 seconds.
Situation II
Car X travels 40km in 1 hour.
Car Y travels 30km in 1 hour.
• Which car is faster? Car X
• Give your reason:
Car X moves farther than car Y in one hour.
4) An object that moves faster takes less time to travel at a given distance.
Situation I
Siti takes 10 seconds to run a distance of 50 metres.
Fatimah takes 15 seconds to run a distance of 50 metres.
• Who is faster?
Siti
• Give your reason Siti takes less time than Fatimah to run at the same
distance.
5) How to calculate speed . Speed = Distance travelled Time taken Situation I
In a race, an athlete can run a distance of 100 metres in 20 seconds. Calculate his speed.
Speed = Distance travelled Time taken = 100 metres 20 seconds = 5 m/s
Situation II A train takes 3 hours to travel a distance of 180 km.
Calculate the speed of the train.
Speed = Distance travelled = 180 km = 60 km/hr Time taken 3 hours
L16/WS1 Name : _________________________________________________ Class : __________________________________ Date : __________ Which moves faster? Circle the answer. 1.
Time taken = 2 minutes Distance = 10km
Time taken = 2 minutes Distance = 5km
Car A Car B 2.
Time taken = 3 minutes Distance = 12km
Time taken = 3 minutes Distance = 15km
Car C Car D 3.
Time taken = 5 minutes Distance = 15km
Time taken = 5 minutesDistance = 18km
Car E Car F 4.
Time taken = 1 minuteDistance = 1km
Time taken = 1 minuteDistance = 3km
Car G Car H 5.
Time taken = 10minutes Distance = 25 km
Time taken = 10minutes Distance = 20 km
Car I Car J
L16/WS 2 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : ________________________________ Date : ____________ Which moves faster? Tick (√ ) the correct answer.
A B
1. Distance : 10 metres
Distance : 10 metres
Time taken : 7 seconds Time taken : 5 seconds 2.
Distance : 100 metres
Distance : 100 metres
Time taken :14 seconds Time taken : 15 seconds 3.
Distance : 800 metres
Distance : 800 metres
Time taken : 5 minutes Time taken : 7 minutes 4.
Distance : 10 kilometres
Distance : 10 kilometres
Time taken : 45 minutes Time taken : 40 minutes 5.
Distance : 100 kilometres Distance : 100 kilometres Time taken : 1 hour Time taken : 2 hours
Lesson 17 Theme : Investigating Force and Energy
Learning Objective : 2.1 Understanding Speed
Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson pupils should be able to:
• state what speed is;
• solve problems using the formula.
SPS : Observing, making inferences and using space-time relationship.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Notes (L17/APP1).
2 Worksheets (L17/WS1 , L17/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson
2 Explains about speed and how to calculate
speed using the formula. (L17/APP1)
3 Distributes worksheets and guides pupils to
calculate speed. (L17/WS1, L17/WS2)
Pupils’ action
1 Solve problems on speed using the formula.
(L17/APP1)
2 Complete the worksheets. (L17/WS1,
L17/WS2)
3 Read out the answer to the class.
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion what
speed is and to solve problems using the formula
given.
Follow Up Pupils answer the worksheet given. (L17 /WS3)
L17/WS1 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : ____________________________________ Date : ________ Tick ( / ) the action that involves speed .
1. Zikry is walking to school.
2. The leaves are falling from the tree.
3. Sofian is sleeping on his bed.
4. They are playing kites in the field.
5. A car is parked near the hospital.
6. The children are standing on the staircase.
7. Zulaikha is sitting on her chair.
8. Zul and Zamri are swimming in the pool.
L17/WS 2
Name :__________________________________________________
Class : ______________________________Date : ______________
Calculate the speed and match with the correct answer.
Distance : 20 metres, Time taken : 4 seconds
6 m/s
10 m/s
5 m/s
2 m/s
12 m/s
Distance : 10 metres, Time taken : 5 seconds
Distance : 30 metres, Time taken : 5 seconds
Distance : 60 metres, Time taken : 5 seconds
Distance : 100 metres Time taken : 10 seconds
1
2
3
4
5
A
B
C
D
E
L17/WS3 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : ___________________________________Date : __________ Answer all questions. The table below shows the time taken by five objects to travel at a distance of 100 metres.
Object Distance (m) Time taken (s) A 100 14 B 100 12 C 100 11 D 100 16 E 100 15
1. Which object is the fastest ?
________________________________________________
2. Which object is the slowest?
________________________________________________
3. Arrange the objects from the fastest to the slowest.
________________________________________________
4. What to keep the same (fixed variable)? ________________________________________________
5. Underline the correct answer for the conclusion below.
The object which moves faster takes a (longer time / shorter time) to travel at a given distance.
Lesson 18
Theme : Investigating Materials
Learning objective : Understanding food spoilage.
Learning outcomes : At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• describe what spoilt food is;
• identify characteristics of spoilt food.
SPS: Observing and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Fresh and rotten milk.
2 Mind map (L18/APP1).
3 Worksheets (L18/WS1, L18/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Discusses with the pupils pertaining to food
spoilage as shown. (L18/APP1).
3 Guides the pupils to complete the activity sheet.
(L18/WS1)
Pupils’ action
1 Observe the food and give observations and
inferences pertaining to food spoilage verbally.
2 Complete the activity sheet. (L18/WS1)
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion about
characteristics of spoilt food.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L18/WS2)
Learning objective: 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper
disposal of waste on the environment.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• identify the types of waste in the environment.
• identify the sources of waste.
• state the proper ways of waste disposal.
SPS: Observing, classifying and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation1 Pictures (L24/APP1, L24/APP2)
2 Pictures and text (L24/APP3)
3 Worksheets (L24/WS1, L24/WS2, L24/WS3, L24/WS4)
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objectives of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Explains about the different types and sources of waste
and the text regarding the proper disposal of waste
(L24/APP1, L24/APP2, L24/APP3).
3 Guides the pupils to complete the task in the
worksheets. (L24/WS1)
Pupils’ action
1 Label the pictures of different types of waste (L24/WS1)
2 Match the sources to the types of waste (L24/WS2)
3 Match pictures to the correct statements (L24/WS3).
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to conclude that there are various
types and sources of waste and ways to dispose them.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet given. (L24/WS4).
L24/APP1
Types Of Waste
Type Example
Plastic
Plastic bottle
Glass
Glass bottle
Chemical
Toxic material
Metal
Tin can
Organic Waste
Food waste
L24/APP2
Sources Of Waste
Housing area
Rubbish (Plastic, left-over food, paper, solid waste) and sewage.
Agricultural area
Pesticides and organic fertilizer; insecticides
Factories
Poisonous gas and smoke, toxic chemicals, radioactive materials and organic waste
Motor vehicles
Poisonous gas and smoke; Oil spills
Shipping
Oil spills and sludge dumping
L24/APP3 Proper Waste Disposal
A Fit chimneys with cleaning devices. B Throw rubbish into dustbins. C Burn waste in incinerators. D Bury waste in sanitary landfills. E Sewage is treated before disposal. F Throw rubbish into waste paper baskets. G Recycle suitable waste materials. H Do not litter.
A B C D
HGF E
L24/WS1 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : _______________________ Date : __________________ Fill in the blank boxes with suitable types of waste.
Types of waste
Plastic Glass Metal
Organic waste Chemical waste
1 2 3
4 5
L24/WS2 Name : ________________________________________________ Class : ___________________ Date : _______ Match the following waste to its correct sources. Types of waste Sources of waste
Rubbish (Plastic, left-over food,
paper, solid waste)
Smoke
Pesticide and organic fertilizer
Sewage
Factories
Agriculture
Motor vehicles
Homes
Open burning
Toxic materials (Smoke, dust,
radioactive materials, hazardous waste)
A
B
C
D
E
I
II
III
IV
V
L24/WS3 Group : ______________________________________ Class : _______________ Date : ____________ Match the pictures to the correct statements about the proper disposal of waste.
Throw rubbish into dustbins.
Bury waste in
sanitary landfills.
Sewage is
treated before disposal.
Do not litter.
Recycle
suitable waste materials.
A
B
C
D
E V
IV
III
II
I
L24/WS4 Name : ________________________________________________ Class : _________________ Date : _________________ Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. ____________________________ contains dust and dangerous
gases.
2. Rubbish must be thrown into the ___________________________.
3. __________________________ gives off toxic gas.
4. Cleaning devices in ___________________can reduce air
pollution.
5. Organic waste and fertilizers come from ____________________.
dustbin Smoke
Motor vehicles agriculture
chimneys
Lesson 25 Theme: Investigating Materials
Learning objective: 2.1 Understanding the effects of improper
disposal of waste on the environment.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state the improper ways of waste disposal.
• describe the harmful effects of improper waste
disposal.
SPS : Observing, classifying and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Pictures (L25/APP1, L25/APP2)
2 Worksheet (L25/WS1, L25/WS2, L25/WS3)
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the task
assigned to the pupils.
2 Displays and explains pictures pertaining to
improper disposal of waste and its impact to
humans and the environment.
3 Guides the pupils to complete the task in the
worksheets.
Pupils’ action
1 Work individually to label the pictures of improper
disposal of waste. (L25/WS1)
2 Work in pairs to find given words from the word
maze. (L25/WS2)
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that
improper disposal of waste have impacts to humans
and the environment.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet (L25/WS3).
L25/APP1
Improper Disposal Of Waste
Releasing of waste into rivers
Releasing of smoke into air
Littering
Open burning
L25/APP2
Harmful Effects Of Improper Disposal Of Waste
Water Pollution
Rivers will be polluted. Fish and water plants will die.
Air Pollution
Dangerous gases will damage the lungs and irritate our eyes.
Acid Rain
The acidic water will kill the plants and erode buildings.
Flash Floods
Floods will damage properties.
Sickness And Diseases
Typhoid and dengue fever will occur.
L25/WS1 Name : _____________________________________________
Class : _______________________ Date : _______________
Label the following pictures of improper waste disposal.
Littering
Releasing of smoke into air
Releasing of waste into rivers
Open burning
1. 2.
3.
4.
L25/WS2 Name : _____________________________________________
Class : _______________________ Date : _______________
Find and colour the following words in the word maze below.
SICKNESS WATER POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION
ACID RAIN DISEASES FLASH FLOOD
D E G D V Z M J I Q F B N X U K BS I C K N E S S G Y K L A O L A CR V C G K B R M C A H Q C Y V S T H W L K B K D I S E A S E S Y D BB G A H L I S C U M J I M A W H OF E I C A J L U J K H G A D H Y UM R W A T E R P O L L U T I O N L Z R H H S W M B U Z W S I C A B RI A N I N F H O M N A N B D C N ML C K Q K I J K G B U K S M A C BA I L L U K D F L A S H F L O O DG D O X G U K S W R K A D J P Q CN R W M A I R P O L L U T I O N I V A E B M L U E K A P U L A N C F D I O H A T K T H L J G P J V Q VQ N L A L C L I U K P Q H L A V AK H K U A U R P O R L U M I D N M
L25/WS3 Name : _____________________________________________ Class : ____________________ Date : __________________
1 Which of the following activities shows improper disposal of waste?
A Open burning B Throw rubbish into dustbins C Recycle suitable waste materials D Do not throw rubbish every where
2 The diagram below shows a situation.
What is the cause of the above situation? A Typhoid B Air pollution
C Flash floods D Water pollution
3 The diagram below shows a situation.
What is the effect of the above situation? A Typhoid B Air pollution
C Flash floods D Water pollution
Lesson 26
Theme: Investigating Materials
Learning objective: 2.2 Understanding that some waste can decay.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• give examples of waste that do not decay.
• give examples of waste that can decay.
• state that microorganism can cause waste
materials to decay.
SPS: Observing, classifying and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Pictures (L26/APP1, L26/APP2)
2 Worksheets (L26/WS1, L26/WS2, L26/WS3,
L26/WS4)
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the task
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes and explains pictures of different types
of waste materials (L26/APP1).
3 Distributes and explains a poster on waste
decaying process (L26/APP2).
Pupils’ action
1 Work individually to identify groups of waste
(L26/WS1).
2 Work in pairs to categorize types of waste
(L25/WS2); to find the words from word maze and
to label parts of a picture on waste decaying
process (L26/WS3).
Conclusion
Teacher guides pupils to conclude that some waste
can decay and are caused by certain microorganisms.
Follow up Pupils complete worksheet (L26/WS4).
L26/APP1 Group Of Waste
An object made of wood can decay. It is grouped as biodegradable waste.
Food can decay. It is grouped as biodegradable waste.
Newspaper can decay. It is grouped as biodegradable waste.
Cotton can decay. It is grouped as biodegradable waste.
An object made of polystyrene does not decay. It is grouped as non-biodegradable waste.
An object made of plastic does not decay. It is grouped as non-biodegradable waste.
An object made of metal does not decay. It is grouped as non- biodegradable waste.
An object made of glass does not decay. It is grouped as non- biodegradable waste.
L26/WS1 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : _________________________ Date : __________________
Write the type and reason for the classification of these waste as shown in the example below.
Group : Biodegradable waste Group : Non-biodegradable waste Reason : Can decay easily Reason : Do not decay Group : ___________________ Group : _____________________ Reason : __________________ Reason : ____________________ Group : ____________________ Group : _______________________ Reason:____________________ Reason :______________________
A B
C D
L26/WS2 Complete the flow chart by using all the words given below.
Can decay Plastic Wood
Glass
Do not decay
Food
Paper
Metal
Cotton
Polysterene
WASTE MATERIAL
WASTE MATERIAL
L26/WS3 Name : _________________________________________________ Class : ___________________ Date : ____________ Find and circle the words that are listed below.
A F S F Z X K L Q D W E R T W O O D L C A C P E O I U Y E O A G W V T B A G H T Y S R D E C A Y A T I R J R U T T M P H T B O P L A S T I C Y N O J S N D O R D K E S A U B I M E T A L Y A L W D E I V U K K M S Y U B A Q I L O C Y G L A S S I L S M F E P X T L J Q O T L E D N G S A Z R A H A T Y D F G B H O S L E P A P E R M D H V K E D K W S G E L E N A J C L U F J C O T T O N E S K X C W G H Q D F U P E R A L Z O N
PLASTIC METAL DECAY COTTON GLASS WOOD FOOD POLYSTYRENE DEGRADABLE PAPER WASTE
L26/WS4 Name : _________________________________________________
Class : ___________________ Date : ___________
Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.
plants cotton food non-biodegradable
animals wood paper biodegradable
1. Based on the word list above, list four things that can decay.
i. _______________________________
ii. _______________________________
iii. _______________________________
iv. _______________________________
2. Waste that can decay is known as _______________________
waste.
3. Waste that does not decay is known as ______________waste.
4. Materials that can decay are usually made of _______________
and ____________________.
Lesson 27 Theme: Investigating Materials
Learning objective: 2.2 Understanding that some waste can decay.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• state that microorganisms can cause waste
materials to decay.
SPS: Observing, classifying and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation 1 Pictures. (L27/APP1, L27/APP2)
2 Worksheet. (L27/WS1, L27/WS2)
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes and explains the picture of
microorganisms that cause waste decay.
(L27/APP1).
3 Distributes and explains a poster on waste
decaying process (L27/APP2).
Pupils’ action
1 Work individually to label groups of
microorganisms that cause waste (L27/WS1).
2 Work in pairs to label parts of a picture on waste
decaying process (L27/WS2)
Conclusion Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that waste
decay is caused by certain microorganisms.
Follow up Pupils complete worksheet (L27/WS3).
L27/APP1 Microorganisms That Cause Waste Decay
Bacteria Fungi
L27/APP2
Decaying Process
Organic Waste
Decomposers
v
Nutrients In The Soil
The n
Nutrients make the soil healthy. Plants absorb nutrients in the soil. Plants are then eaten by animals.
Dead plant Dead animal Waste
Certain microorganisms make dead plants, dead animals and waste materials to decay. They are called decomposers.
The decomposers break down the organic substances into nutrients that goes back to the soil.
L27/WS1 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : _________________________ Date : __________________
Label the pictures as (B) if they are bacteria and and (F) if they are
fungi. 1. 4. 2. 5. 3. 6.
L27/WS2
Label the pictures with the words given below.
Healthy soil Bacteria Dead animal
Healthy plants Fungi Dead plant
1 2
3 4
5 6
L27/WS3 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : _________________________ Date : __________________ Fill in the blanks using the words given below.
1. Microorganisms that cause dead plants and animals to rot are
called ______________________________.
2. They cause some types of waste to ______________.
3. Bacteria and ______________ are examples of decomposers.
4. These microorganisms turns organic waste into minerals and
_____________________in the soil.
5. ___________________absorb these nutrients to grow and
become healthy.
nutrients
decomposers
fungi
decay
Plants
Lesson 28 Theme: Investigating Materials
Learning objective: 2.2 Understanding that some waste can decay.
Learning outcomes: At the end of the lesson, pupils should be able to:
• State the advantages of waste decaying.
• State the disadvantages of waste decaying.
SPS: Observing, classifying and communicating
Approaches Activities
Preparation1 Text (L28/APP1)
2 Worksheets (L28/WS1, L28/WS2, L28/WS3)
Teacher’s Briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the task
assigned to the pupils.
2 Distributes and explains text (L28/APP1) on the
advantages and disadvantages of waste decaying.
3 Guides pupils to read and identify the keywords
from the text given.
Pupils’ action
Work individually or in groups to complete the activities
in worksheets (L28/WS1, L28/WS2).
Conclusion
Teacher guides pupils to make conclusion that waste
decaying has advantages and disadvantages and there
are many effects to the environment if waste does not
decay.
Follow up Pupils complete worksheet (L28/WS3).
Burnt methane
L28/APP1
Advantages Of Waste Decay
Decomposers prevents waste accumulation.
Decayed plants and animals becomes nutrient for soil
Decomposers helps to turn organic waste into fertilisers
Disadvantages Of Waste Decay
Decaying waste gives out unpleasant smell
Decaying waste also gives out poisonous gas (e.g. methane)
Decaying waste attracts pests.
L28/WS1 Name : _______________________________________________ Class : ______________ Date : _________________________ Classify these pictures into groups of advantages and disadvantages of
waste decay.
L28/WS2
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
1. 2.
3. 4.
L28/WS2 Name : ________________________________________________ Class : ____________________________Date : __________ Write the advantage of waste decay given below to the correct picture.
As fertilizers. Becomes nutrient for soil.
Prevents waste accumulation.
1
2
3
L28/WS3 Name : __________________________________________________ Class : _____________________ Date : __________
Choose either the statements below are advantages or disadvantages
of waste decay. Underline the best answer.
1. Prevents waste from accumulating in the environment.
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
2. Releases poisonous gases that cause air pollution and effects
human health.
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
3. Waste will be decomposed into simple substances and returns to
soil as nutrient.
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
4. Gives out odour and unpleasant smell.
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
5. As fertilizer (e.g. compost).
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
6. Attracts pests such as houseflies, cockroaches and ants.
( Advantage / Disadvantage )
Lesson 29
Theme : Investigating the Earth and the Universe.
Learning Objective : 1.1 Understanding the eclipse of Moon.
Learning Outcomes :The pupils should be able to:
• state what eclipse of the Moon is.
• state the position of the Moon, the Earth and
the Sun during the eclipse of the Moon.
• explain why eclipse of the Moon occurs.
SPS : Observing, inferring and communicating.
Approaches Activities
Preparation
1 Picture with text (L29/APP1).
2 Worksheets (L29/WS1, L29/WS2).
Teacher’s briefing
1 Explains the objective of the lesson and the tasks
assigned to the pupils .
2 Shows the picture and explains how the eclipse of
the Moon occur (L29/APP1).
3 Guides pupils to read the passage and under line
the keyword .
Pupils’ action
Pupils complete the worksheet (L29/WS1)
Conclusion
Teacher guides the pupils to make conclusion that the
eclipse of the Moon occurs when the Earth is between
the Sun and the Moon in a straight line.
Follow up Pupils complete the worksheet (L29 /WS 2).
L29 / AAP1
Lunar Eclipse
1. The eclipse of the Moon occurs when the Earth is
between the Sun and the Moon in a straight line.
2. Sunlight cannot pass through the Earth because the
Earth is opaque.
3. The Earth blocks sunlight from reaching the Moon.
4. The shadow of the Earth will cover the surface of the
Class : _________________________________ Date____________
Read the following text and then carry out the task below.
Tools that use simple machines in our daily life:
1 Wedges : an axe, a knife, a needle, a pair of scissors, a chisel, a
saw and a door wedge.
2 Levers : a hammer, a see-saw, pliers, a fishing rod and a nail
clipper.
3 Pulleys : a crane, a flag post. 4 Gears : a bicycle, a wrist watch, a drill and an egg beater.
5 Inclined planes : the staircase, a slide, driving up the hill slope and
pushing a box up the lorry.
6 Screws : a bolt and nut, a G-clamp, a spanner and a water tap.
7 Wheels and axles : the door knob, water tap, car steering and
roller skates.
Use the colour pencils for the following. (L32 / APP1)1 What are the types of simple machines? (Colour them in red). 2 Identify two examples of tools for each simple machines listed in
Match the pictures to the correct answers. Types of machines
Transportation
Education
Communication
1
A
2
B
3
C
Construction
4
D
ASSESSMENT SECTION A Every question is followed by four options A, B, C and D. Choose the
correct answers.
1 Which of following animals live in solitary?
A B
C D
2 The list below shows four animals that live in a habitat.
Which of the following factors will cause competition among the
four animals?
A A limited supply of fruits.
B A limited supply of grass.
C A limited supply of sunlight.
D A limited supply of flowering plants.
Cow Goat Buffalo Caterpillar
3 What are the factors that cause competition among animals?
I food
II space
III mate
IV shelter
A I only
B I and II only
C I, II and III only
D I,II, III and IV
4 The picture below shows 3 types of plants in the same habitat.
These plants compete for
I air
II water
III food
IV sunlight
A I and IV
B II and IV
C I, II and III
D I, III and IV
5 The pictures below shows 2 animals.
A goat and a horse will compete for
I water
II air
III food
IV mate
A I and II
B I and III
C I, II and IV
D I, III and IV
6 Which of following animals live in groups?
A B
C D
7 The list below shows four actions.
R - Pressing a dough
S - Blowing a balloon
T - Opening a door
U- Cycling
Which actions involve a pushing force?
A R and S
B T and U
C R, S and T
D R, S and U
8 Which actions use a pulling force?
I II
III IV
A I and II
B I and III
C II and III
D III and IV
9 The diagram shows a moving ping pong ball that is being hit by
a player.
What is the affect of the force shown in the picture? A The force slows down the moving object.
B The force changes the shape of the object.
C The force causes the stationary object to move.
D The force changes the direction of the moving object.
10 Which shows the effect of force?
I Move stationary objects.
II Stops moving objects.
III Change direction of moving objects.
A I only
B I and II only
C II and III only
D I, II and III
11 A toy car takes 6 seconds to move 30 cm. Calculate the speed
of the car.
A 180 cm/s B 63 cm/s C 8cm/s D 5 cm/s
12 The table below shows the speed of four buses.
Bus Duration Distance W Long Near X Long Far Y Short Near Z Short Far
Which bus moved the fastest?
A W B X C Y D Z
13 Which of the following are characteristics of spoilt food?
I Bad smell
II Sour taste
III Change colour
IV Mouldy surfaces
A I and 11 only
B I, II and III only
C II, III, and IV only
D I, II, III and IV
14 Picture shows a piece of spoiled bread.
fungus
What are the conditions for the fungus to grow?
A Dry and cool
B Dry and warm
C Wet and cool
D Wet and warm
15 The picture shows a whole fried chicken.
The fried chicken will spoil if it is left at room temperature for a few
days because
A bacteria and fungi will grow
B water vapour is in the air
C the temperature is suitable
D carbon dioxide is in the air
16 The diagram below shows a picture of some fish.
Which of the following is suitable to preserve the fish? I Salting II Waxing III Pickling IV Freezing
A I and II B I and III C II and III D I and IV
17 The diagram below shows food that is preserved by canning.
Why do bacteria cannot grow in this food?
A There is no air B There is no water C The food is too salty D The food is too cold
18 Which of the following types of rubbish are plastic wastes?
P – Fish bones Q – empty mineral water bottle R – Plastic comb S – Aluminium foil
A P and Q B Q and R C P, Q and R D Q, R and S
19 Which of the following is the correct combination of the source
of waste?
Smoke Pesticide Toxic chemicals A Vehicles Factories Homes B Open burning Agriculture Factories C Homes Vehicles Agriculture D Agriculture Homes Open burning
20 An eclipse occurs because
I light travel in a straight lines .
II the Earth rotates on its axis
III Sunlight cannot pass through opaque object
IV the Earth moves around the Sun and the Moon and the Moon moves
around the Earth.
A II only
B I and III only
C I , Ill and IV only
D Il, III and IV only
21 Refer to the table below.
X – Sun
Y - Earth
Z - Moon
Which of the following is the correct sequence during the eclipse of the Sun?
A Y, Z, X B Y, X, Z
C Z, Y, X
D Z, X, Y
22 The Moon’s shadow is cast on the Earth ‘s surface as shown in
the diagram below.
In which area does eclipse of the Sun occur?
A P
B Q
C R
D S
23 Choose the correct statements about the eclipse of the Moon.
A the Earth blocks the sun from reaching the Moon
B the Moon shadow will cover the Earth surface
C the sun is not visible for a few moments
D the sun is seen in the sky
24
Sun Moon Earth
Which of following may be observed during the eclipse as shown above?
I Daylight becomes dark for a few moments
II Stars can be observed in the day
III The Moon cannot be seen at night
A I and II only
B I and III only
C II and and III only
D I, II and III
25 The picture below shows a type of simple machine.
1 Based on the figure above, which of the following instruments use the same principle? I II III IV
A I only. B II and III only. C I and III only. D III and IV only.
26 The figure below is a type of instrument.
Which type of simple machines are in this instrument?
A Wedge B Wedge and lever C Wedge, screw and wheel and axle D Wedge, lever, and wheel and axle
27 The figure below shows a pair of scissors. Which parts of the scissors are correctly matched?
X Y Z A Fulcrum Effort Load B Effort Fulcrum Load C Effort Load Fulcrum D Load Fulcrum Effort
Y
XZ
28 The diagram below shows a picture of an axe.
This instrument is used for cutting or chopping. State the characteristics of this instrument.
A Two inclined planes; two thick ends B Two inclined planes; two curved ends C Two inclined planes; sharp at one end D Two inclined planes; one round surface and one flat surface
29 The description below is about X.
X
A wheel with teeth Helps to change the speed
Changes the direction of a movement
What is X?
A wheel and axle B screw C pulley D gear
30 Machines help us because _______________________
I they make our lives easier II we can live a prehistoric life III our work will become easier IV we can travel faster and farther
A I and II only B I and III only C I, II and III only D I, III and IV only
SECTION B
Write your answers in the space provided.
1 The table below shows the numbers of animal X that live in a
habitat from 2000 to 2004.
Year 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004
Numbers of animal X 300 150 90 145 175
a) What is the trend of the number of animals X from year 2000 to
( c ) State two properties of light that is involved during the eclipse .
i _______________________________________________
ii _______________________________________________
X
5 Diagram 1 shows a boy collecting water from a well. Diagram 1 (a) Write two observations about the activity that you can make from diagram 1. 1._______________________________________________________ 2.______________________________________________________ (2 marks) (b) What is your inference? _______________________________________________________
( 1 mark) ( c) What conclusion can you draw based on this investigation? ________________________________________________________
THEME : Investigating Living Things Lesson 1 L1/WS 1 1. live in solitary 2. live in groups 3. live in solitary 4. live in groups 5. live in groups LI/WS2 L2/WS1
2. i) food and safety ii) food and space Lesson 3 L3/WS1 a) i. Deer ii. Mousedeer iii. Cow b) i. Squirrel ii. Owl L3/WS2 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. C 5.C Lesson 4 L4/WS1 1. Competition 2. Interaction 3. Limited 4. Nutrients 5. Interspecies L4/WS2 1. D 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. A
Live In Groups
Deer Cow Goat Zebra
Ant
Live In Solitary Bear Tiger
Leopard Fox
Live In Groups Orang-utan Zebra Ant Goat Cow Elephant
Live In Solitary Tiger Leopard Eagle Fox Bear
Lesson 5 L5/WS1 1. Turtle 2. Whale 3. Tapir 4.Elephant 5. Tiger 6.Rhinoceros 7. Gorilla L5/WS2 Endangered Non-endangered 1. Panda Snake 2. Turtle Frog 3. Gorilla Monkey 4. Whale Hen 5. Elephant Rat 6. Rhinoceros Cat 7. Dolphin Grasshopper 8. Hornbill 9. Tapir L5/WS3 1. D 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. C Lesson 6 L6/WS1 1. Rafflesia 2. Sun Flower 3. Sidalcea 4. Phantom Orchid 5. Pitcher plant 6. Callirhoe papave L6/WS2 a) i. Year of investigation ii. Number of animals b) Decrease c) i. Hunting ii. Exessive development d) Extinct e) i. Conservation ii. Enforcing law THEME : Investigating Force and Energy Lesson : 8 L8/WS1
1. Push 2. Push 3. Push 4. Pull 5. Pull 6. Pull
L8/WS2
Push
Pull
Lesson 9 L9/WS1 Acitity 1 : i. moves ii. Moves Activity 2 : i. stops ii. Stop L9/WS2 A.
B. 1. A 2. A Lesson10 L10/WS1 Activity 1 : i. faster ii. faster Activity 2 : i. slower ii. slower
Activity 3 : i. side ii. direction L10/WS2 A
A
E
F
F
E
C
T
H
I
L
C
X
V
R
G
F
O
R
C
E
D
I
R
E
C
T
I
O
N
G
E
H
S
L
O
W
E
R
Q
M
G
D
C
M
C
H
A
N
G
E
H
S
H
A
P
E
J
T
R
I
I
X
G
F
A
S
T
E
R
I
S
T
O
P
O
P
M
O
V
E
S
T
A
T
I
O
N
A
R
Y
B. 1. B 2. A
1
2
3
4
5
A force can move the stationaery object
A force can stop a moving object
Lesson 11 L1/WS1 Section A Friction can change the size of an object. Section B Observation
i. Cement floor: (Longer) distance. ii. Grass: (Shorter) distance Inference
i. Cement floor has (lesser) friction. ii. Grass has (more) friction. L11/WS2 a) i. Size of the ball ii. Type of surface iii. Distance of the ball moves b) least c) Rougher/ more rough …….. slower / more slow Lesson 12 L12/WS1 Inference : Far , less Conclusion : Oil can reduce friction. L12/WS2
a) Oily surface has less friction / oil reduce the friction b) i. The type of block ii. The type of surface iii. Distance of block moving c) Oil can reduce friction
Lesson 13 L13/WS1
1. We can walk easily 2.We might slip and fall 3.We use rough surface like sand paper.
Conclusion: i. Pattern on a surface ii. Rough materials L13/WS2 1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B Lesson 14 L14/WS1
1. Friction is a force that opposes the movement of an object. 2. i. Allow us to walk or run without slipping
ii. Vehicles can travel on the road safely. iii. The brake vehicles makes use of friction to slow down or stop the vehicles. iv. Enable to hold things. v. Enable to sharpen a knife or other tools.
3 i. Make objects move slowly ii. Cause surfaces to wear out iii. Friction produce heat that damaging the surfaces or even some part of
machines when heated.
L14/SW2 1. T 2. T 3. T 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. F 9. F 10. T
Lesson 15 L15/WS1
a) i. Different types of surface ii. The distance a trolley moves
iii. Size of the trolley, the number of the trolley, mass of the trolley
b) Observation
i. further ii. Nearer
c) Conclusion:
i. smoother . ii. rougher . L14/WS2
a) To investigate the relationship between the different types of surface and the
distance a trolley moves b) i. Size of the trolley ii. Different types of surface
iii. The distance a trolley moves
c) State the relationship between the two factors. - The more smoother the surface is, the longer is the distance a trolley moves /The more rougher the surface is, the shorter is the distance a trolley moves.
Lesson 16 L16/WS1 1. A 2.B 3. B 4. B 5. A L16/WS2 1. B 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. A Lesson 17 L17/WS1 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. L17/WS2 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. E 5. B L17/WS3 1. Object C 2. Object D 3. C→B→A→E→D 4. Distance (m) 5. Shorer time
√ √ √
√
THEME : INVESTIGATING MATERIALS Lesson 18 L18/W1 A.
Characteristics Conditions of milk after one day.
Surface layer
curd
Smell
Bad smell
Taste
Sour taste
B. List down the characteristics of food spoilage
i. unpleasant smell ii. changed colour iii. mouldy iv. changed texture v. unpleasant taste
1. Canning meat 2. Drying fish 3. Pickling mango 4. Salting egg LESSON 23 L23/W1 A. 1. Enjoy the food for a longer time 2. Prevent wastage 3. Easy to store 4. Has long shelf life B. 1. Longer 2. Smaller 3. Store 4. Canned 5. Shelf 6. prevent Lesson 24 L24/WS1 1. Chemical waste 2. Glass 3. Metal 4. Organic waste 5. Plastic L24/WS2 A. I B. I,IV C. II D. III, IV E. I L24/WS3 A V B IV C III D I L24/WS4 1. Smoke 2. dustbin 3. Motor vehicles 4. Chimneys 5. agriculture
Lesson 25 L25/WS1 1. Releasing of waste into rivers 2. Open burning 3. Releasing of smoke into air 4. Littering L25/WS2 1. A 2.D 3.B L25/WS2
D E G D V Z M J I Q F B N X U K B
S I C K N E S S G Y K L A O L A C
R V C G K B R M C A H Q C Y V S T
H W L K B K D I S E A S E S Y D B
B G A H L I S C U M J I M A W H O
F E I C A J L U J K H G A D H Y U
M R W A T E R P O L L U T I O N L
Z R H H S W M B U Z W S I C A B R
I A N I N F H O M N A N B D C N M
L C K Q K I J K G B U K S M A C B
A I L L U K D F L A S H F L O O D G D O X G U K S W R K A D J P Q C
N R W M A I R P O L L U T I O N I
V A E B M L U E K A P U L A N C F
D I O H A T K T H L J G P J V Q V
Q N L A L C L I U K P Q H L A V A
K H K U A U R P O R L U M I D N M Lesson 26 L26/WS1 A Non-biodegradable waste ; do not decay
B Biodegradable waste ; can decay easily
C Biodegradable waste ; can decay easily
D Non-biodegradable waste ; do not decay
L26/WS2
L26/WS3
A F S F Z X K L Q D W E R T
W O O D L C A C P E O I U Y
E O A G W V T B A G H T Y S
R D E C A Y A T I R J R U T
T M P H S B O P L A S T I C
Y N O J T N D O R D K E S A
U B I M E T A L Y A L W D E
I V U K K M S Y U B A Q I L
O C Y G L A S S I L S M F E
P X T L J Q O T L E D N G S
A Z R A H A T E D F G B H O
S L E P A P E R M D H V K E
D K W S G E L I N A J C L U
F J C O T T O N E S K X C W
G H Q D F U P E R A L Z O N
WASTE MATERIAL
Can decay Do not decay
wood
cotton
paper
food
polysterene
glass
metal
plastic
L26/WS4
1. i.wood ii. Food iii. cotton iv. paper
2. biodegradable
3. non-biodegradable
4. animals ; plants
Lesson 27 L27/WS1
1. F
2. B
3. F
4. B
5. F
6. B
L27/WS2
1. Dead plant
2. Fungi
3. Dead animal
4. Healthy soil
5. Bacteria
6. Healthy plants
L27/WS3
1. decomposers
2. decay
3. fungi
4. nutrients
5. Plants
Lesson 28 L28/WS1 1. A 2. D 3. A 4. D L28/WS2
1. Prevents waste accumulation.
2. Becomes nutrient for soil.
3. As fertilizers L28/WS3
1. Advantage
2. Disadvantage
3. Advantage
4. Disadvantage
5. Advantage
6. Disadvantage Lesson 29 L29/WS1 a. Sun b. Earth c. Moon d. Shadow
L29/WS2 L30/WS1 1. Straight 2. shadow 3. Earth 4. day 5. Sun L30/WS2 Section A 1. B 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. B Section B a. The eclipse of the sun b. Because the moon blocks the sunlight c. i. Light travels in a straight line ii. Light cannot pass through an opaque object Lesson 31 L31/WS1
1.Gear 2.Pulley 3. Wheel and axle 4. Screw 5. Inclined plane 6. Lever 7. Wedge
L31/WS 2 9. A machine is a tool which helps us to do our work easier and faster. 10. A gear is machinery which can move objects forwards or
backwards easily. Gears are used to change the speed or directions of movement.
11. A pulley is piece of equipment consisting of a wheel and a rope. A pulley is used to lift objects to higher place.
F O S D M O M I E T
D H M H T P O R C R P A T A A A O P L A S R Y R H Q N N I V
B L O C K U O O P E T D I H K E R W S L
S H A D O W E A E S
L U O Y O E A R T H
L I N E G O I Y P H
B S S U N A L C D G
Sun Moon
Earth
12. A wheel and axle is made up of a wheel connected to a rod named an axle. It helps us to carry or move heavy objects easily.
13. A screw is cylindrical and has a thread around it. It has a pointed end. We use screws to fix two pieces of wood together.
14. An inclined plane is a flat plane in a slanting position. It is used to push heavy load up or down easily. It can lessen the effort needed to move objects.
15. A lever has three parts such as effort, load and fulcrum. We use lever to carry or over heavy objects easily.
16. A wedge has two inclined surface. It is sharp at one end. The wedges are used to cut objects into two parts.
Lesson 32 L32/WS1 8 The examples of wedges are an axe, a knife, a needle, a pair of scissors, a
chisel, a saw and a door wedge. 9 Some devices such as a hammer, a see-saw, pliers, a fishing rod and a nail
clipper are examples of levers. 10 A pulley used in a crane and on a flag post. 11 A gear found in a bicycle, a wrist watch, a drill and an egg beater. 12 An inclined plane principle is used in the staircase, a slide, driving up the hill
slope and pushing a box up the lorry. 13 The examples of tools using screws are bolt and nut, G-clamp, a spanner and a
water tap. 14 Wheel and axle used in the door knob, water tap, car steering and roller skates L32/WS 2 1 WEDGE - an axe, a knife, a needle, a pair of scissors, a door wedge 2 LEVER - a hammer, a see-saw, pliers, a fishing rod, a nail clipper 3 PULLEY - a crane and a flag post 4 GEAR - a bicycle, a wrist watch, a drill and an egg beater 5 INCLINED PLANE - a staircase, a slide pushing a box up the lorry 6 SCREW - bolt and nut, G-clamp, a spanner and a water tap 7 WHEEL AND AXLE - a door knob, water tap, car steering and roller skate L32/WS 3
1. Gear/ wheel and axle 2. Inclined plane 3. Pulley/lever/gear 4. Lever 5. Wedge 6. Wheel and axle 7. Screw 8. Screw/ wedge/ wheel and axle 9. Wedge
L32/WS 4
1. Wheel and axle 2. Pulley 3. Lever 4. Gear 5. Wedge 6. Screw 7. Inclined plane
Lesson 33 L33/WS1
1 Wheel and axle 2. Wheel and axle 3. Gear 4 Wedge 5. Pulley, gear 6. Wheel and axle, gear
Note: Double line is for red color, single line is for green color
L33/WS2
1 screw, wheel and axle, wedge 2. lever, wedge 3. pulley, wedge, lever 4. lever, wheel and axle, gears 5. lever, pulley, gear 6. wheel and axle, gear 7. lever, wheel and axle
Lesson 34 L34/WS 1 1 (a) (i) Inclined plane (ii) Lever (iii) Wedge (iv) Wheel and axle (b) (i) Staircase (ii) Scissors, Wheelbarrow, crane (iii) Knife, ice pick, saw
(iv) Hand drill, pencil sharpener, screw driver, water tap 2 (a) (i) Number of pulley (ii) Number of pupils needed to pull the 100 kg load
(b) more, lesser / lesser, more (c) 2 pupils
Lesson 35 L35/WS1 A – 3 B – 5 C – 1 D – 2 E – 4 F – 7 G – 6 L35/WS2 1. X 2. √ 3. √ 4. √ 5. X 6. √ Lesson 36 L36/WS1 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C
ASSESSMENTSECTION A1. B 2. B 3. D 4. B 5.B6. B 7. D 8. B 9. D 10. D11. D 12. D 13. D 14. D 15. A16. D 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C21. A 22. A 23. A 24. A 25. A26. C 27. D 28. C 29. D 30. DSECTION B1. a) Decreasing and increasingb) i) The number of animal X from year 2000 to 2002 is decreased because ofillegal hunting.ii) The number of animal X from year 2000 to 2002 is decreased becauseof excessive logging.„hdeforestation„hland developmentc) i) The number of animal X from year 2002 to 2004 is increased because oflaw enforcement.ii) The number of animal X from year 2002 to 2004 is increased becauseof protecting and conserving animals and plants.2. a) To study / investigate the relationship between the types of surfaces and thedistance travelled by the rubber balls.b) i) size of rubber ballsii) types of surfacesiii) distance travelled by rubber ballsc) If the surface is smooth, then the distance travelled by the rubber ball isfurther.d) Carpet, wooden plank, cement, oily.3. a) To study/ investigate the relationship between the number of sprinkles andthe number of dark spots.b) i) type of breadii) number of sprinklesiii) number of dark spotsc) 8d) The more the number of sprinkles, the more the number of dark spots.4. a) Eclipse of the Sunb) Because the light is blocked by the table tennis ball/ an opaque object.c) i) Light travels in a straight line.ii) A shadow is formed when light is blocked by an opaque object.5. a) 1. Easy to get water.2. More water can be carried.b) Energy used is less.c) The wheel and axle can reduce energy to carry a heavy load.
SCIENCE TERMINOLOGY INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS NO. ENGLISH BAHASA MALAYSIA 1. Balance of nature Keseimbangan alam 2. Breeding Pembiakan 3. Cause Punca / sebab 4. Commercial gain Keuntungan komersial 5. Competition Persaingan 6. Conservation Pemuliharaan 8. Consume Menggunakan 9. Cooperation Bekerjasama 10. Defend Mempertahankan 11. Disaster Bencana 12. Destruction Kemusnahan 13. Eliminated Terhapus 14. Endangered Terancam 15. Enforcement Penguatkuasaan 16. Erosion Hakisan 17. Excessive Berleluasa 18. Extinct Pupus 19. Flash-flood Banjir kilat 20. Future generation Generasi masa depan 21. Habitat Tempat tinggal 22. Hornbill Burung enggang 23. Human being Manusia 24. Illegal hunting Pemburuan haram 25. Illegal logging Pembalakan haram 26. Intense mendalam 27. Interaction Interaksi 28. Landslide Tanah runtuh 29. Limited resources Sumber terhad 30. Logging Pembalakan 31. Mate Pasangan 32. Pollution Pencemaran 33. Pollution Pencemaran 34. Preserved Dikekalkan 35. Product Hasil 36. Protection Perlindungan 37. Rafflesia Bunga pakma 38. Responsibility Bertanggungjawab 39. Retarded Terbantut
40. Safety Keselamatan 41. Shelter Tempat perlindungan 42. Solitary Menyendiri 43. Space Ruang 44. Species Spesies/jenis/baka 45. Sufficient space Ruang yang mencukupi 46. Territory Wilayah 47. Threat Ancaman 48. Wildlife Hidupan liar INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY NO. ENGLISH BAHASA MALAYSIA 1. Aerodynamic Aerodinamik 2. Change Berubah 3. Direction Arah 4. Effect Kesan 5. Faster Lebih laju/cepat 6. Force Daya 7. Friction Geseran 8. Increase Menambahkan 9. Motion Pergerakan 10. Moving Bergerak 11. Oppose Bertentangan 12. Palm Tapak tangan 13. Press Tekan 14. Pull Tarikan 15. Push Tolakan 16. Reduce Kurangkan 17. Shape Bentuk 18. Slow Perlahan 19. Speed Kelajuan 20. Stationary Pegun 21. Stop Berhenti 22. Surfaces in contact Permukaan yang bersentuhan 23. Twist Pulas
INVESTIGATING MATERIALS NO. ENGLISH BAHASA MALAYSIA 1. Bottling Pembotolan 2. Canning Pengetinan 3. Combat Berperang 4. Container Bekas 5. Cooling Pendinginan 6. Culd Berketul 7. Drying Pengeringan 8. Extreme weather Cuaca melampau 9. Food preservation Pengawetan makanan 10. Food supply Sumber makanan 11. Freezing Penyejukbekuan 12. Harmful effects Kesan buruk 13. Harvesting Menuai 14. Heating Pemanasan 15. Medium Keadaan 16. Microorganism Hidupan seni 17. Mouldy Berkulat 18. Pickling Penjerukan 19. Salting Pangasinan 20. Shelf life Jangka hayat 21. Slimy Licin 22. Smoking Pengasapan 23. Spoilt Rosak 24. Store Simpan 25. Unpleasant smell Berbau busuk 26. Unpleasant taste Rasa tak sedap 27. Vacuum packing Pembungkusan vacuum 28. Wastage Pembaziran 30. Waste disposal Pembuangan bahan buangan INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE NO. ENGLISH BAHASA MALAYSIA
Block Halang 1. Eclipse Gerhana 2. Opaque Legap 3. Partial eclipse Gerhana separa 4. Position Kedudukan
5. Reach Sampai 6. Shadow Bayang-bayang 7. Straight line Garis lurus 8. Total eclipse Gerhana penuh 9. Travel Bergerak
INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY NO. ENGLISH BAHASA MALAYSIA 1. Axe Kapak 2. Broom Penyapu 3. Can opener Pembuka tin 4. Claw hammer Penukul berkuku 5. Complex machine Mesin kompleks 6. Crane Kren 7. Drill Gerudi 8. Effort Daya 9. Egg beater Pemukul telur 10. Fishing rod Joran / kail 11. Flag Bendera 12. Fulcrum Fulkrum 13. Gear Gear 14. Inclined Satah condong 15. Lever Tuas 16. Lid Penutup 17. Load Beban 18. Machine Mesin 19. Plier Playar 20. Pulley Takal 21. Rope Tali 22. Scissors Gunting 23. Screw Skru 24. Screwdriver Pemutar skru 25. Simple machine Mesin ringkas 26. Tool Alat 27. Wedge Baji 28. Wheel and axle Roda dan gander 29. Wheel barrow Kereta sorong