-
Highly generalized cross-section of the Cape Bojador
continentalmargin from the Aaiun Basin to the shelf, slope, upper
rise and CanaryIslands (seismic interpretation by G. Wissmann, BGR,
Hannover; figuremodified from von Rad et al., in press). Basement
depth and Jurassic/Cretaceous boundary is inferred from seismic
refraction profiles (R-39and 41 from Roeseretal., 1971; R-Dfrom
Dash and Bosshardt, 1969),and from single and multichannel seismic
profiles (for more informa-tion see Site Report; Arthur et al.;
Hinz; all within this volume). Indexmap shows location of profile,
refraction seismic profiles, DSDP Sites,and offshore wells of the
Aaiun Basin.
-
NW' CANARY ISLANDS
R-D (projected)
RISESOUTH CANARY ISLAND CHANNEL
SLOPE
dredges and cores in slope canyon(Aptian/Albian and
Paleogene
coastlineI
47-A1,
AAIUN BASIN
43-1
NEOGENE^
SE
44-1 47-6
I I ILATE CRETACEOUS iLehlaiπafm.
EARLY CRETACEOUS
JURASSIC
7TRIASSIC
Jreibichat Fm.{continental elastics)
marine carbonates and elastics)
(evaporites)
(conglomerates)
— "
7FOLDED PALEOZOIC(Mauretanides)
REQUIBATMASSIF(metamorphic P€) _
^ • Location of profileA DSDP Siteθ On and offshore commercial
well
Refraction seismic profile"Slope anticline"
-
Initial Reportsof the
Deep Sea Drilling Project
A Project Planned by and Carried Out With the Advice of theJOINT
OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS FOR DEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES)
Volume XLVII, Part 1
covering Leg 47, Part 1 of the cruises of the Drilling Vessel
Glomar ChallengerLas Palmas, Canary Islands to Vigo, Spain
March—April 1976
PARTICIPATING SCIENTISTS
Ulrich von Rad, William B. F. Ryan,Michael A. Arthur, Pavel
Cepek, Maria B. Cita, Christopher Cornford,Linda Garifal, Norman
Hamilton, Boris Lopatin, Gerhard F. Lutze,Floyd W. McCoy, Gregory
Mountain, Michael Sarnthein, Oscar E. Weser,
Jean K. Whelan, and Frank H. Wind
Science Representative
Oscar E. Weser
Science Editors
Frederick H. Laughter and Evelyn M. Fagerberg
Prepared for theNATIONAL SCIENCE FOUNDATIONNational Ocean
Sediment Coring Program
Under Contract C-482By the
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIAScripps Institution of Oceanography
Prime Contractor for the Project
-
This material is based upon research supported by the
NationalScience Foundation under Contract No. C-482.
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations
ex-pressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do
notnecessarily reflect the views of the National Science
Foundation.
References to this Volume:
It is recommended that reference to whole or part of this
volumebe made in one of the following forms, as appropriate:
von Rad, U., Ryan, W. B. F., et al, 1979. Initial Reports of
theDeep Sea Drilling Project, v. 47, Part 1: Washington
(U.S.Government Printing Office).
Lutze, G. F., 1979. Benthic foraminifers at Site 397: faunal
fluctu-ations and ranges in the Quaternary. In von Rad, U., Ryan,W.
B. F., et al., Initial Reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project,v.
47, Part 1: Washington (U.S. Government Printing Office),p.
419-432.
Effective Publication Dates of DSDP Initial Reports
According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature,
thedate of publication of a work and of a contained name or
statement affect-ing nomenclature is the date on which the
publication was mailed to sub-scribers, placed on sale, or, where
the whole edition is distributed free ofcharge, mailed to
institutions and individuals to whom free copies are dis-tributed.
The mailing date is the correct date, not the printed date.
Mailing dates of the more recent Initial Reports of the Deep Sea
DrillingProject are as follows:
Volume 40—July, 1978Volume 41—April, 1978Volume 42—May, 1978
Volume 44—November, 1978Volume 45—December, 1978Volume
46—December, 1978
Supplement to Volumes 38-41—January, 1979Volume 49—March,
1979
Printed September 1979
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 74-603338
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government
Printing OfficeWashington, D.C. 20402 - Price $18.00
Stock Number 038-000-00415-8iv
-
Foreword
For the three and one-half years between1872 and 1876, the
H.M.S. CHALLENGER—after which D/V GLOMAR CHALLENGERis
named—undertook the workTs first majoroceanographic expedition. It
is fitting that ourcentury should have its counterpart to that
fa-mous ship a century ago whose voyages helpedestablished
oceanography as a science. It isequally fitting that GLOMAR
CHALLENGERshould be plying the same waters one centurylater seeking
answers to new questions con-cerning the history of our planet and
the life itsupports. The fundamental advancement ofour knowledge of
the earth will lead to en-hanced capabilities to understand its
processesand to use its natural resources intelligently.
The Deep Sea Drilling Project is beingundertaken within the
context of the NationalScience Foundation^ Ocean Sediment
CoringProgram. The Foundation is funding the proj-ect by means of a
contract with the Universityof California, and the Scripps
Institution ofOceanography is responsible for its manage-ment. The
University has, in turn, subcon-tracted with Global Marine
Incorporated forthe services of the drilling ship,
GLOMARCHALLENGER.
Scientific planning is conducted under theauspices of the Joint
Oceanographic Institutionsfor Deep Earth Sampling (JOIDES).
TheJOIDES consortium has convened advisorypanels for that purpose,
consisting of a largenumber of distinguished scientists from the
aca-demic institutions, Government agencies, andprivate industry of
many countries. Altogether,the project has involved the active
interest andparticipation of many of the world's best scien-tists
and technologists.
The first ocean coring operations for theDeep Sea Drilling
Project began on August 11,1968. During the ensuing years of
drilling op-erations in the Atlantic, Pacific, and IndianOceans,
the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, andMediterranean Sea, and
Antarctic waters, thescientific objectives that had been set forth
weresuccessfully accomplished. Primarily, the ageof the ocean
basins and their processes of de-velopment were determined.
Emphasis wasplaced on broad reconnaissance and on testingthe
involvement of the mid-oceanic rise systemsin the development of
the ocean basins.
From these concepts come major interpre-tations of the results
of the drilling as they bearon patterns of sedimentation and
physical andchemical characteristics of the ancient oceans.
As a result of the success of the Deep SeaDrilling Project, the
National Science Founda-tion extended its contract with the
Universityof California to encompass an additional 36months of
drilling, allowing GLOMAR CHAL-LENGER to continue operations
throughoutthe oceans of the world in exploring the deepocean floors
for a period presently extendingone full decade. Scientific
interest will involvemajor effort in drilling deeply into the
oceaniccrustal igneous rocks to study the processes andmechanisms
leading to the formation of theoceanic crust.
These reports contain the results of ini-tial studies of the
recovered core material andthe associated geophysical information.
Thecontribution to knowledge has been exceedinglylarge and future
studies of the core materialover many years will contribute much
more.
The importance of the work of the DeepSea Drilling Project and
D/V GLOMARCHALLENGER is internationally recognized.In response to
this recognition, a number ofnations are providing partial support.
EffectiveJanuary 1974, the USSR and the Federal Re-public of
Germany entered into agreementswith the United States for
participation andsupport. Similar arrangements were agreed toby
Japan in July 1975, the United Kingdom inSeptember 1975, and France
in January 1976.
All people, in their lives, activities, andindustry, should
benefit greatly from the project—from the technological advances
that are be-ing made and through the information beingobtained on
natural resources.
Richard C. AtkinsonDirector
Washington, D. C.October 1976
-
Recognizing the need in the oceanographiccommunity for
scientific planning of a programto obtain deep sedimentary cores
from theocean bottoms, four of the major oceano-graphic
institutions that had strong interestsand programs in the fields of
marine geologyand geophysics, formed in May 1964, the
JointOceanographic Institutions for Deep EarthSampling (JOIDES).
This group, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory; RosentielSchool
of Marine and Atmospheric Science,University of Miami; the Scripps
Institution ofOceanography, University of California at SanDiego;
and the Woods Hole Oceanographic In-stitution, expressed an
interest in undertakingscientific planning and guidance of the
sedi-mentary drilling program. It was the purposeof this group to
foster programs to investigatethe sediments and rocks beneath the
deepoceans by drilling and coring. The membershipof this original
group was later enlarged in1968 when the University of Washington
be-came a member, and again in 1975 when Uni-versity of Hawaii
Institute of Geophysics, theOregon State University School of
Oceanog-raphy, the University of Rhode Island Gradu-ate School of
Oceanography, and Texas A&MUniversity Department of
Oceanography be-came members. In accordance with interna-tional
agreements, institutions of participatingnations became members of
JOIDES. Thus,during 1974 to 1976, the Bundesanstalt
fürGeowissenschaften und Rohstoffe of the Fed-eral Republic of
Germany, the Centre Nationalpour FExploitation des Oceans of
France, theNational Environmental Research Council ofthe United
Kingdom, the University of Tokyoof Japan, and Academy of Sciences
of theUSSR became JOIDES members.
Through discussions sponsored by theJOIDES organization, with
support from theNational Science Foundation, Columbia Uni-versity^
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observa-tory operated a drilling program
in the summerof 1965, on the Blake Plateau region off
Jack-sonville, Florida.
vn
-
With this success in hand, planning beganfor a more extensive
deep sea effort. Thisresulted in the award of a contract by
theNational Science Foundation to the Scripps In-stitution of
Oceanography, University of Cali-fornia at San Diego for an
eighteen-monthdrilling program in the Atlantic and PacificOceans,
termed the Deep Sea Drilling Project(DSDP). Operations at sea began
in August1968, using the now-famous drilling vessel,the Glomar
Challenger.
The goal of the Deep Sea Drilling Projectis to gather scientific
information that will helpdetermine the age and processes of
develop-ment of the ocean basins. The primary strategyis to drill
deep holes into the ocean floor, rely-ing largely on technology
developed by thepetroleum industry.
Through the efforts of the principal or-ganizations and of the
panel members whichwere drawn from a large cross section of
lead-ing earth scientists and associates, a scientificprogram was
developed.
Cores recovered from deep beneath theocean floor provide
reference material for amultitude of studies in fields such as
biostratig-raphy, physical stratigraphy, and Paleomag-netism, that
afford a new scope for studies ofthe physical and chemical aspects
of sedimentprovenance, transportation, deposition, anddiagenesis.
In-hole measurements,, as feasible,provide petrophysical data to
permit inferenceof lithology of intervals from which no coreswere
recovered.
A report, describing the core materials andinformation obtained
both at sea and in lab-oratories on shore, is published after the
com-pletion of each cruise. These reports are acooperative effort
of the scientists participatingin the cruise and are intended
primarily to bea compilation of results which, it is hoped, willbe
the starting point for many future new andexciting research
programs. Preliminary in-terpretations of the data and observations
takenat sea, are also included.
Core materials and data collected on eachcruise will be made
available to qualifiedscientists through the Curator of the Deep
Sea
Drilling Project, following a Sample Distribu-tion Policy (p.
xvii) approved by the NationalScience Foundation.
The advent of Glomar Challenger, with itsdeep-water drilling
ability, is exceedinglytimely. It has come when geophysical
investi-gation of the oceans has matured through 20to 30 years of
vigorous growth to the pointwhere we have some knowledge about much
ofthe formerly unknown oceanic areas of ourplanet. About one
million miles of traverseshad been made which tell us much about
theglobal pattern of gravity, magnetic and thermalanomalies, and
about the composition, thick-ness, and stratigraphy of the
sedimentary coverof the deep-sea and continental margin.
Thecoverage with such data has enabled the siteselection panels to
pick choice locations fordrilling. The knowledge gained from each
holecan be extended into the surrounding area.Detailed geophysical
surveys were made formost of the selected locations prior to
drilling.
The earth sciences have recently maturedfrom an empirical status
to one in which sub-stantial theories and hypotheses about
majortectonic processes are flourishing. Theoriesabout the origin
of magnetic fields and mag-netic reversals, about ocean floor
spreadingand continental drift, and about the thermalhistory of our
planet, have led to specific pre-dictions that could be tested best
by an en-lightened program of sampling of deep-sea andcontinental
margin sediments and underlyingrocks.
In October 1975, the International Phaseof Ocean Drilling (IPOD)
began. This in-ternational interest, and the true participationof
both the scientists and governments of anumber of nations, is
elegant testimony of theimportance of the work being done by the
DeepSea Drilling Project.
The members of JOIDES and DSDP andthe scientists from all
interested organizationsand nations who have served on the
variousadvisory panels are proud to have been ofservice and believe
that the information andcore materials that have been obtained will
beof value to students of earth sciences and allhumanity for many
years to come.
Vlll
-
Deep SeaDrilling Project
MEMBER ORGANIZATIONS OF THE JOINTOCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTIONS
FORDEEP EARTH SAMPLING (JOIDES):*
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften and Rohstoffe,Federal
Republic of Germany
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, ColumbiaUniversity
Rosenstiel School of Marine and AtmosphericScience, University
of Miami
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University ofCalifornia
USSR Academy of Sciences
University of Washington
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
OPERATING INSTITUTION:
W. A. Nierenberg, DirectorScripps Institution of
OceanographyUniversity of California at San DiegoLa Jolla,
California
DEEP SEA DRILLING PROJECT
Dr. David G. MooreProject Chief Scientist
M. N. A. PetersonPrincipal Investigator and Project Manager
* Includes member organizations during time of thecruise.
SENIOR PROJECT PERSONNEL
Mr. Frank C. MacTernanPrincipal Engineer andDeputy Project
Manager
Dr. Stan M. WhiteAssociate Chief Scientist forScience
Operations
Dr. John L. UsherAssociate Chief Scientist forScience
Services
Mr. William R. RiedelCurator
Mr. Stanley T. SerockiProject Development Engineer
Mr. Valdemar LarsonOperations Manager
Mr. William T. SoderstromFinance Administrator
Mr. Robert OlivasLogistics Officer
Mr. Robert S. BowerContracts Officer
Ms. Sue StrainPersonnel Officer
IX
-
Participants Aboard
GLOMAR CHALLENGER for LegForty Seven, Part 1
Dr. Ulrich von RadCo-Chief Scientist
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschajtenund Rohstoffe
3 Hannover 51, Post jack 510153Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. William B.F. RyanCo-Chief Scientist
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryPalisades, New York
10964
Mr. Michael A. ArthurSedimentologist
Princeton UniversityDepartment of Geological SciencesPrinceton,
New Jersey 08540
Dr. Pavel CepekPaleontologist (Nannofossils)
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaftenund Rohstoffe
3 Hannover 51, Postfach 510153Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. Maria B. CitaPaleontologist (Foraminifers)
Department of Geology and PaleontologyUniversity of
MilanPiazzale Gorini 15MilanItaly
Dr. Christopher CornfordGeochemist/Sedimentologist
Programmgruppe für Erdol und OrganischeGeochemie
P.O.Box 1913,D-5170Jülich 1Federal Republic of Germany
Ms. Linda GarifalAssistant Curator
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Dr. Norman HamiltonPaleomagnetist
Department of GeologyThe UniversitySouthampton SO9
5NHEngland
Dr. Boris LopatinSedimentologist
Research Institute of Arctic GeologyLeningradUSSR
Dr. Gerhard F. LutzePaleontologist (Foraminifers)
Geologishches Insütut der Universitat-KielD-23
KielOlshausenstrasse 40/60Federal Republic of Germany
Dr. Floyd W. McCoySedimentologist
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryPalisades, New York
10964
Mr. Gregory MountainPhysical Properties Specialist
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryPalisades, New York
10964
Dr. Michael SarntheinSedimentologist
Geologisches Insütut der Universitat-KielD-23
KielOlshausenstrasse 40/60Federal Republic of Germany
Mr. Oscar E. WeserSedimentologist & Science
Representative
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Dr. Jean K. WhelanOrganic Geochemist
Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionWoods Hole, Massachusetts
02543
Mr. Frank H. WindPaleontologist (Nannofossils)
Florida State UniversityDepartment of GeologyTallahassee,
Florida 32306
Mr. Glen FossCruise Operations Manager
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
XI
-
Mr. Melvin FieldsWeatherman
NO A ANational Weather Service439 West York StreetNorfolk,
Virginia 23510
Captain Loyd DillCaptain of the Drilling Vessel
Global Marine, Inc.Los Angeles, California 90017
Mr. Cotton GuessDrilling Superintendent
Global Marine, Inc.Los Angeles, California 90017
Mr. Ted GustafsonLaboratory Officer
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Ms. Anne G. GrahamChemist
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Mr. Paul LaughlinElectronics Technician
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A^031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Mr. Michael GliptisMarine Technician
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Mr. George HohnhausMarine Technician
Ocean Research DivisionScripps Institution of OceanographyLa
Jolla, California 92093
Mr. Kevin ReidMarine Technician
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Mr. Frederick Van WoyMarine Technician
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Mr. William BrennanPhotographer
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Ms. Lorraine BanyraResearch Assistant
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryPalisades, New York
10964
Ms. Lou HenryYeoperson
Deep Sea Drilling Project, A-031Scripps Institution of
OceanographyLa Jolla, California 92093
Deep Sea Drilling Project Publications Staff
Dr. Ansis G. KanepsScience EditorMs. Paula WorstellScience
EditorMr. James ShambachScience Editor
Mr. Ray SilkProduction Manager
Ms. Virginia L. RomanArt SupervisorMr. Fred LaughterScience
Editor
Ms. Mary A. YoungProduction Coordinator
Ms. Janice E. BowmanProduction Coordinator
Xll
-
JOIDE3S AdvisoryGroups
Executive Committee
Dr. Maurice Rattray, Jr.University of Washington
Professor Dr. F. BenderBundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und
Rohstoße
Dr. John V. ByrneOregon State University
Dr. Paul M. FyeWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dr. William W. HayRosenstiel School of Marine and
Atmospheric
ScienceSir Peter Kent, F.R.S.
Natural Environment Research CouncilDr. John A. Knauss
University of Rhode IslandMonsieur Yves La Prairie
CNEXODr. William A. Nierenberg
Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. M.N.A. Peterson
(Ex-officio)
Scripps Institution of OceanographyAcademician A. V.
Sidorenko
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. Manik Talwani
Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Planning Committee
Dr. Joe S. Creager*University of Washington
Dr. Helmut BeirsdorfBundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und
Rohstoffe
Dr. William R. BryantTexas A&M University
Mr. John I. Ewing*Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dr. Stefan Gartner*Texas A&M University
Dr. C.G.A. Harrison*Rosenstiel School of Marine and
Atmospheric
ScienceDr. William W. Hay
Rosenstiel School of Marine and AtmosphericScience
*Alternate
Dr. Dennis E. Hayes*Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. James R. HeirtzlerWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dr. James P. KennettUniversity of Rhode Island
Dr. LaVern D. KulmOregon State University
Dr. Yves Lancelot*CNEXO
Dr. Anthony S. LaughtonInstitute of Oceanographic Sciences
Dr. Xavier Le PichonCNEXO
Dr. Dean A. McManus*University of Washington
Dr. David G. Moore (Ex-officio)Scripps Institution of
Oceanography
Dr. M.N.A. Peterson*Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. Jean-Guy Schilling*University of Rhode Island
Dr. George Shor*Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. Gleb UdintsevAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. E. L. WintererScripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. George P. WoolardHawaii Institute of Geophysics
Advisory Panel on Sedimentary Petrologyand Physical
PropertiesDr. G. R. Heath
University of Rhode IslandDr. Wolfgang Berger
Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. W. Bryant
Texas A&M UniversityDr. S. E. Calvert
Institute of Oceanographic SciencesDr. C. J. Clausen
Norges Geotekniske InstituttDr. G. H. Keller
Oregon State UniversityDr. A. P. Lisitzin
Academy of Sciences of the USSR
Xlll
-
Dr. Frederic MélièresUniversité Pierre et Marie Curie
Dr. G. MüllerLaboratorium für Sedimentfarschung, Heidelberg
Dr. A. RichardsLehigh University
Advisory Panel on Organic GeochemistryDr. Keith Kvenvolden
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. Earl W. Baker
Northeast Louisiana UniversityDr. Ellis E. Bray
Mobil Oil Company, Inc.Dr. Egon T. Degans*
Universitat HamburgDr. Geoffrey Eglinton
University of BristolDr. J. Gordon Erdman
Phillips Petroleum CompanyDr. N. A. Eremenko
Institute of Geology and Exploration ofCombustible Mineral
Resources, USSR
Dr. A. Geodekjan*P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology
Dr. William W. HayRosentiel School of Marine and
Atmospheric ScienceDr. John M. Hunt
Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Richard D. Mclver
Esso Production Research LaboratoryDr. Erwin Suess
Oregon State UniversityDr. B. Tissot
Institut Français du PétroleDr. Dietrich Welte
Lehrstuhl fur Geologie, Geochemie, undLaggerstratten des Erdols
und der Kohle
Advisory Panel on Information HandlingDr. M. A. Rosenfeld
Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. D. W. Appleman
Smithsonian InstitutionMr. J. G. Barr
Standard Oil Company of CaliforniaDr. T. A. Davies
Middlebury College
*Alternate
Dr. H. GlashoffBundesansta.lt für Geowissenschaften und
Rohstoffe
Mr. P. GrimEnvironmental Data Service
Dr. J. C. KelleySan Francisco State College
Dr. A. Loeblich, Jr.University of California, Los Angeles
Dr. W. RiedelScripps Institution of Oceanography
Professor L. SitnikovAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. J. Usher (Ex-officio)Scripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. T. WorsleyUniversity of Washington
Advisory Panel on Pollution Preventionand SafetyDr. Hollis
Hedberg
Princeton UniversityDr. George Claypool
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. Joseph R. Curray
Scripps Institution of OceanographyMr. John I. Ewing
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Louis E. Garrison
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. H. Grant Goodell
University of VirginiaDr. Arthur E. Green
Exxon Production Research LaboratoryDr. A. Mayer-Gurr*
Eichhaldestrasse 79/3D-7417 Urach, Federal Republic of
Germany
Dr. Manik TalwaniLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. Seiya UyedaUniversity of Tokyo
Mr. Oscar E. WeserScripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. E. L. WintererScripps Institution of Oceanography
Advisory Panel on Inorganic GeochemistryDr. Joris M. Gieskes
Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. G. N. Baturin*
Academy of Sciences of the USSR
xiv
-
Dr. Wallace S. BroeckerLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. D. S. CronanRoyal School of Mines, London
Mr. John I. EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. Heinrich D. HollandHarvard University
Dr. Ira R. KaplanUniversity of California, Los Angeles
Dr. Frank T. ManheimU.S. Geological Survey
Dr. Erwin SuessOregon State University
Dr. K. K. TurekianYale University
Dr. I. M. VarentsovAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. K. H. WedepohlGeochemisches Institut der Universitat,
Gottingen
Industrial Liaison PanelMr. W. A. Roberts
Phillips Petroleum CompanyMr. Fred C. Ackman
Esso Exploration, Inc.Mr. Melvin J. Hill
Gulf Oil CorporationDr. John D. Moody
Mobil Oil CorporationMonsieur Gilbert Rutman
Societé Nationale des Petroles d'Aquitaine
Advisory Panel on Ocean CrustDr. J. R. Cann
University of East AngliaDr. Claude J. Allegre
Universites de Paris 6 et 7Dr. Leonid V. Dimitriev
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. Stanley R. Hart
Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyDr. James R. Heirtzler
Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. Ikuo Kushiro
University of TokyoDr. William G. Melson
Smithsonian Institution
*Alternate
Dr. W. Jason MorganPrinceton University
Dr. H. U. Schmincke*Ruhr-Universitat, Bochum
Dr. W. SchreyerRuhr-Universitat, Bochum
Dr. John C. SclaterMassachusetts Institute of Technology
Dr. Manik TalwaniLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. Gleb UdintsevAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Advisory Panel on Ocean Margin (Active)Dr. Seiya Uyeda
University of TokyoDr. Rene Blanchet
Centre de Recherche en GéologieDr. Creighton Burk
Marine Sciences InstituteDr. Joe S. Creager
University of WashingtonDr. Kazuo Kobayashi
University of TokyoDr. I. P. Kosminskaya
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. Loren W. Kroenke
Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. Laverne D. Kulm
Oregon State UniversityDr. Keith Kvenvolden
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. William J. Ludwig
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryAcademician A. V. Pieve
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. Gordon Packham
University of SydneyDr. David W. Scholl
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. Roland von Huene
U.S. Geological Survey
Advisory Panel on Ocean Margin (Passive)Dr. Joseph A. Curray
Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. A. W. Bally
Shell Oil CompanyProfessor Dr. D. Bernoulli
Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, Basel
xv
-
Mr. John I. EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. K. HinzBundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
Dr. J. M. HuntWoods Hole Oceonographic Institution
Dr. H. KagamiUniversity of Tokyo
Dr. L. MontadertInstitut Français du Pétrole
Dr. D. G. RobertsInstitute of Oceanographic Sciences
Professor Dr. E. SeiboldUniversitat Kiel
Dr. J. ThiedeOregon State University
Dr. Von Stackleberg*Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und
Rohstoffe
Advisory Panel on Ocean PaleoenvironmentDr. Yves Lancelot
CNEXODr. Wolfgang Berger
Scripps Institution of OceanographyDr. W. Berggren
Woods Hole Oceanographic InstitutionDr. P. L. Bezrukov
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. P. Cepek
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeMonsieur J.
Debyser
CNEXOProfessor B. M. Funnell
University of East AngliaDr. William W. Hay
Rosenstiel School of Marine and AtmosphericScience
Dr. Kenneth HsüEidg. Technische Hochschule
Dr. J. KennettUniversity of Rhode Island
Dr. V. KrasheninnikovAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. A. LisitzinAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. T. C. MooreUniversity of Rhode Island
Dr. I. Premoli-SilvaIstituto di Paleontologie
^Alternate
Dr. W. R. RiedelScripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. H. SchraderUniversitat Kiel
Dr. N. ShackletonUniversity of Cambridge
Dr. Y. TakayanagiTohoku University
Dr. H. ThiersteinScripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. Tj. H. van AndelOregon State University
Dr. T. WorsleyUniversity of Washington
Advisory Panel on Site SurveyingDr. Brian T.R. Lewis
University of WashingtonDr. Mahlon Ball
Rosenstiel School of Marine and AtmosphericScience
Dr. Elizabeth T. BunceWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dr. Edgar S. DriverGulf Global Exploration Company
Mr. John I. EwingLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. Davis A. FahlquistTexas A&M University
Dr. K. HinzBundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe
Dr. Donald M. HussongHawaii Institute of Geophysics
Dr. L. KoganSouthern Branch of the Institute of Oceanology,
USSRDr. I. P. Kosminskaya
Academy of Sciences of the USSRDr. Marcus G. Langseth
Lamont-Doherty Geological ObservatoryDr. Shozaburo Nagumo
University of TokyoDr. Vince Renard
Centre Océanologique de BretagneDr. Roland Schlich
Observatoire Géophysique du Pare St.-MaurDr. G. Stober
Deminex, DusseldorfDr. Gleb Udintsev
P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, USSR
xvi
-
Dr. Roland von HueneU.S. Geological Survey
Dr. Joel WatkinsUniversity of Texas
Dr. E. L. WintererScripps Institution of Oceanography
Stratigraphic Correlations PanelDr. R. H. Benson
Smithsonian InstitutionProfessor Dr. H. M. Bolli
Eidg. Technische Hochschule, ZurichDr. D. Bukry
U.S. Geological SurveyDr. P. ëepek
Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und RohstoffeDr. R. G.
Douglas
University of Southern CaliforniaDr. S. R. Hammond
Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. C. Helsley
Hawaii Institute of GeophysicsDr. N. Hughes
Sedgwick Museum, Cambridge
Dr. M. PetrushevskayaAcademy of Sciences of the USSR
Dr. W. R. RiedelScripps Institution of Oceanography
Dr. T. SaitoLamont-Doherty Geological Observatory
Dr. J. B. SaundersNaturhistorisches Museum Basel
Downhole Measurements Panel
Dr. R. HyndmanVictoria Geophysical Observatory
Mr. R. E. Boyce (Ex-officio)Scripps Institution of
Oceanography
Dr. N. ChristensenUniversity of Washington
Dr. J. R. HeirtzlerWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
Dr. A. F. RichardsLehigh University
Dr. O. SerraELF-ERAP
xvn
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Deep Sea Drilling ProjectSAMPLE DISTRIBUTION POLICY
Distribution of Deep Sea Drilling samples for investi-gation
will be undertaken in order to (1) providesupplementary data to
support GLOMAR CHAL-LENGER scientists in achieving the scientific
objec-tives of their particular cruise, and in addition toserve as
a mechanism for contributions to the InitialReports; (2) provide
individual investigators withmaterials that are stored with samples
for referenceand comparison purposes.
The National Science Foundation has established aSample
Distribution Panel to advise on the distribu-tion of core
materials. This panel is chosen in accor-dance with usual
Foundation practices, in a mannerthat will assure advice in the
various disciplines lead-ing to a complete and adequate study of
the coresand their contents. Funding for the proposed researchmust
be secured separately by the investigator. Itcannot be provided
through the Deep Sea DrillingProject.
The Deep Sea Drilling Projects Curator is respon-sible for
distributing the samples and controlling theirquality, as well as
preserving and conserving corematerial. He also is responsible for
maintaining arecord of all samples that have been
distributed,shipboard and subsequent, indicating the recipient,and
the nature of the proposed investigation. Thisinformation is made
available to all investigators ofDSDP materials as well as other
interested research-ers on request.
The distribution of samples is made directly from oneof the two
existing repositories, Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory and
Scripps Institution ofOceanography, by the Curator or his
designatedrepresentative.
1. Distribution of Samples for Research Leading toContributions
to Initial Reports
Any investigator who wishes to contribute a paper toa given
volume of the Initial Reports may write tothe Chief Scientist, Deep
Sea Drilling Project (A-031)Scripps Institution of Oceanography,
University ofCalifornia at San Diego, La Jolla, California
92093,U.S.A., requesting samples from a forthcomingcruise. Requests
for a specific cruise should bereceived by the Chief Scientist two
months in advanceof the departure of the cruise in order to allow
timefor the review and consideration of all requests andto
establish a suitable shipboard sampling program.The request should
include a statement of the nature
of the study proposed, size and approximate numberof samples
required to complete the study, and anyparticular sampling
technique or equipment thatmight be required. The requests will be
reviewed bythe Chief Scientist of the Project and the
cruiseco-chief scientists; approval will be given in accor-dance
with the scientific requirements of the cruiseas determined by the
appropriate JODIES AdvisoryPanel(s). If approved, the requested
samples willbe taken, either by the shipboard party if the
work-load permits, or by the curatorial staff shortly follow-ing
the return of the cores to the repository. Pro-posals must be of a
scope to ensure that samplescan be processed and a contribution
completed intime for publication in the Initial Reports. Exceptfor
rare, specific instances involving ephemeral prop-erties, sampling
will not exceed one-quarter of thevolume of core recovered, with no
interval beingdepleted and one-half of all core being retained asan
archive. Shipboard sampling shall not exceedapproximately 100
igneous samples per investigator;in all cases co-chief scientists
are requested to keepsampling to a minimum.
The co-chief scientists may elect to have specialstudies of
selected core samples made by other inves-tigators. In this event
the names of these investi-gators and complete listings of all
materials loaned ordistributed must be forwarded, if possible,
prior tothe cruise or, as soon as possible following the cruise,to
the Chief Scientist through the DSDP Staff ScienceRepresentative
for that particular cruise. In suchcases, all requirements of the
Sample DistributionPolicy shall also apply.
If a dispute arises or if a decision cannot be reachedin the
manner prescribed, the NSF Sample Distribu-tion Panel will conduct
the final arbitration.
Any publication of results other than in the InitialReports
within twelve (12) months of the comple-tion of the cruise must be
approved and authoredby the whole shipboard party and, where
appropriate,shore-based investigators. After twelve months,
indi-vidual investigators may submit related papers foropen
publication provided they have submitted theircontributions to the
Initial Reports. Investigationsnot completed in time for inclusion
in the InitialReports for a specific cruise may not be published
inother journals until final publication of that InitialReport for
which it was intended. Notice of sub-mission to other journals and
a copy of the articleshould be sent to the DSDP Chief Science
Editor.
* Revised October 1976
x ix
-
2. Distribution of Samples for Research leading toPublication
other than in Initial Reports
A. Researchers intending to request samples forstudies beyond
the scope of the Initial Reportsshould first obtain sample request
forms fromthe Curator, Deep Sea Drilling Project(A-031), Scripps
Institution of Oceanogra-phy, University of California at San
Diego,La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A. On theforms the researcher
is requested to specifythe quantities and intervals of the
corerequired, make a clear statement of the pro-posed research,
state time required to com-plete and submit results for
publication,specify the status of funding and the availa-bility of
equipment and space foreseen forthe research.
In order to ensure that all requests for highlydesirable but
limited samples can be con-sidered, approval of requests and
distributionof samples will not be made prior to 2 monthsafter
publication of the Initial Core Descrip-tions (LCD.) . ICD's are
required to bepublished within 10 months following eachcruise. The
only exceptions to this policywill be for specific instances
involving ephem-eral properties. Requests for samples can bebased
on the Initial Core Descriptions, copiesof which are on file at
various institutionsthroughout the world. Copies of original
corelogs and data are kept on open file at DSDPand at the
Repository at Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory, Palisades,
NewYork. Requests for samples from researchersin industrial
laboratories will be handled inthe same manner as those from
academicorganizations, with the same obligation topublish results
promptly.
B. (1) The DSDP Curator is authorized to dis-tribute samples to
50ml per meter of core.Requests for volumes of material in excess
ofthis amount will be referred to the NSFSample Distribution Panel
for review andapproval. Experience has shown that
mostinvestigations can be accomplished with 10mlsized samples or
less. All investigators areencouraged to be as judicious as
possible withregard to sample size and, especially, fre-quency
within any given core interval. TheCurator will not automatically
distribute anyparts of the cores which appear to be in
par-ticularly high demand; requests for such partswill be referred
to the Sample DistributionPanel for review. Requests for samples
from
thin layers or important stratigraphic bound-aries will also
require Panel review.
(2) If investigators wish to study certainproperties which may
deteriorate prior to thenormal availability of the samples, they
mayrequest that the normal waiting period notapply. All such
requests must be reviewedby the curators and approved by the
NSFSample Distribution Panel.
C. Samples will not be provided prior to assur-ance that funding
for sample studies eitherexists or is not needed. However,
neitherformal approval of sample requests nor dis-tribution of
samples will be made until theappropriate time (Item A) . If a
samplerequest is dependent, either wholly or in part,on proposed
funding, the Curator is preparedto provide to the organization to
whom thefunding proposal has been submitted anyinformation on the
availability (or potentialavailability) of samples that it may
request.
D. Investigators receiving samples are respon-sible for:
(1) publishing significant results; howevercontributions shall
not be submitted for pub-lication prior to 12 months following
thetermination of the appropriate leg;
(2) acknowledging, in publications, thatsamples were supplied
through the assistanceof the U.S. National Science Foundation
andothers as appropriate;
(3) submitting five (5) copies (for distri-bution to the
Curator's file, the DSDP Reposi-tories, the GLOMAR
CHALLENGERSLibrary, and the National Science Founda-tion) of all
reprints of published results tothe Curator, Deep Sea Drilling
Project(A-031), Scripps Institution of Oceanogra-phy, University of
California at San Diego,La Jolla, California 92093, U.S.A.;
(4) returning, in good condition, the remain-ders of samples
after termination of research,if requested by the Curator.
E. Cores are made available at repositories forinvestigators to
examine and to specify exactsamples in such instances as may be
neces-sary for the scientific purposes of the sam-pling, subject to
the limitations of B (1 and2) and D, above, with specific
permission ofthe Curator or his delegate.
xx
-
Shipboard-produced smear slides of sedi-ments and thin sections
of indurated sedi-ments, igneous and metamorphic rocks, willbe
returned to the appropriate repository atthe end of each cruise or
at the publicationof the Initial Reports for that cruise.
Thesesmear slides and thin sections will form areference collection
of the cores stored ateach repository and may be viewed at
therespective repositories as an aid in the selec-tion of core
samples.
G. The Deep Sea Drilling Project routinely pro-cesses by
computer most of the quantitativedata presented in the Initial
Reports. Spacelimitations in the Initial Reports preclude
thedetailed presentation of all such data. How-ever, copies of the
computer readout areavailable for those who wish the data
forfurther analysis or as an aid on selectingsamples. A charge will
be made to recoverexpenses in excess of $50.00 incurred infilling
requests.
3. Other Records
Magnetics, seismic reflection, downhole logging, andbathymetric
data collected by the GLOMAR CHAL-LENGER will also be available for
distribution atthe same time samples become available.
Requests for data may be made to:
Associate Chief Scientist, Science ServicesDeep Sea Drilling
Project (A-031)Scripps Institution of OceanographyUniversity of
California at San DiegoLa Jolla, California 92093
A charge will be made to recover the expenses inexcess of $50.00
in filling individual requests. Ifrequired, estimated charges can
be furnished beforethe request is processed.
4. Reference Centers
As a separate and special category, samples will bedistributed
for the purpose of establishing up to fivereference centers where
paleontologic materials willbe available for reference and
comparison purposes.The first of these reference centers has been
approvedat Basel, Switzerland.
xxi
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CONTENTS
Chapter Page
DEDICATION AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . . 1
Chapter Page
10. LATE NEOGENE 391Maria Bianca Cita and Maria Rosa Colombo
PART I: INTRODUCTION AND SITE REPORT
1. INTRODUCTION AND EXPLANATORYNOTESShipboard Scientific
Party
2. SITE 397Shipboard Scientific Party
5
17
PART II: PALEONTOLOGICAL STUDIES 219
3. LOWER CRETACEOUS CALCAREOUSNANNOPLANKTON FROM DSDP HOLE397A
(NORTHWEST AFRICAN MARGIN) 221Frank H. Wind and Pavel Cepek
4. LOWER CRETACEOUS FORAMINI-FERAL BIOSTRATIGRAPHY,
PALEO-ECOLOGY, AND DEPOSITIONALENVIRONMENT AT DSDP SITE 397,LEG 47A
257Arif Butt
5. SOME CRETACEOUS PLANKTONICFORAMINIFERS (FAVUSELLA) OF
DSDPSITE 397 (EASTERN NORTH ATLANTIC) 273Wolfgang Rosier, Gerhard
F. Lutze, and UwePflaumann
6. EARLY CRETACEOUS MOLLUSKS FROMDSDP HOLE 397A OFF
NORTHWESTAFRICA 283Jost Wiedmann
7. NEOGENE AND QUATERNARYCALCEREOUS NANNOPLANKTON FROMDSDP SITE
397 (NORTHWEST AFRICANMARGIN) 289Pavel Cepek and Frank H. Wind
8. MIOCENE FORAMINIFERALSTRATIGRAPHY, DSDP SITE 397
(CAPEBOJADOR, NORTH ATLANTIC) 317Gianfranco Salvatorini and Maria
Bianca Cita
9. CALIBRATION OF LATE NEOGENECALCEREOUS PLANKTON DATUMPLANES
WITH THE PALEOMAGNETICRECORD OF SITE 397 ANDCORRELATION WITH
MOROCCAN ANDMEDITERRANEAN SECTIONS 375Roberto Mazzei, Isabella
Raffi, Domenico Rio,Norman Hamilton, and Maria Bianca Cita
11. BENTHIC FORAMINIFERS AT SITE 397:FAUNAL FLUCTUATIONS AND
RANGESIN THE QUATERNARY 419Gerhard F. Lutze
12. OXYGEN AND CARBON ISOTOPESTRATIGRAPHY OF BENTHICFORAMINIFERS
AT SITE 397: DETAILEDHISTORY OF CLIMATIC CHANGEDURING THE LATE
NEOGENE 433N. J. Shackleton and M. B. Cita
13. LATE NEOGENE ENVIRONMENTALEVOLUTION 447Maria Bianca Cita and
William B. F. Ryan
PART III: PALEOMAGNETIC STUDIES 461
14. A PALEOMAGNETIC STUDY OFSEDIMENTS FROM SITE 397NORTHWEST
AFRICAN CONTINENTALMARGIN 463Norman Hamilton
15. VALIDATION OF MIDDLE PLIOCENE TOPLEISTOCENE
PALEOMAGNETICREVERSAL RECORD USING DIATOMAND SILICOFLAGELLATE
DATUMLEVELS 479Lloyd H. Burckle
16. PRELIMINARY MAGNETIC FABRICSTUDIES OF LOWER
CRETACEOUSSEDIMENTS FROM DSDP SITE 397,NORTHWEST AFRICAN
CONTINENTALMARGIN 481Norman Hamilton
PART IV: GEOPHYSICAL STUDIES 483
17.
18.
SEISMIC SEQUENCES OF CAPEBOJADOR, NORTHWEST AFRICAK. Hinz
485
CAPE BOJADOR SLOPE, AN EXAMPLEFOR POTENTIAL PITFALLS IN
SEISMICINTERPRETATION WITHOUT THEINFORMATION OF OUTER
MARGINDRILLING 491G. Wissmann
xxiii
-
Chapter Page Chapter Page
PART V: GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES 501 28.
19.
20.
21
22.
23.
24.
25.
ORGANIC DEPOSITION AT ACONTINENTAL RISE: ORGANICGEOCHEMICAL
INTERPRETATION ANDSYNTHESIS AT DSDP SITE 397, EASTERNNORTH ATLANTIC
503Chris Cornford
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF DSDPLEG 47A, SITE 397 EASTERN
NORTHATLANTIC: ORGANIC PETROGRAPHYAND EXTRACTABLE HYDROCARBONS
511C. Cornford, J. Rullkötter, and D. Welte
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY OF SOMEORGANIC-RICH SHALES FROM DSDPSITE
397, LEG 47A, EASTERN NORTHATLANTIC 523G. Deroo, J. P. Herbin, J.
Roucaché, and B.Tissot
Ci TO C7 HYDROCARBONS FROM IPODHOLES 397 AND 397A 531Jean K.
Whelan
SEARCH FOR EOLIAN LIPIDS IN THEPLEISTOCENE OFF CAPE BOJADORAND
LIPID GEOCHEMISTRY OF ACRETACEOUS MUDSTONE, DSDP/IPODLEG 47ABernd
R. T. Simoneit and Monica A. Mazurek
29.
30.
31.
CHLOROPHYLL DIAGENESIS IN IPODLEG 47A, SITE 397 CORE SAMPLES .
.F. W. Baker and S. E. Palmer
BORON GEOCHEMISTRY AT THEMIOCENE/PLIOCENE BOUNDARY . .N.
Coradossi and E. Corazza
PART VI: SEDIMENTOLOGICAL ANDMINERALOGICAL STUDIES
541
547
553
557
32.
CLAY MINERALOGY OF SITE 397,SOUTH OF CANARY ISLANDS (DSDPLEG
47A) 595Hervé Chamley and Ghislaine Giroud d'Argoud
EARLY NEOGENE BASE-OF-SLOPESEDIMENTATION AT SITE 397, DSDPLEG
47A: SEQUENTIAL EVOLUTION OFGRAVITATIVE MASS TRANSPORTPROCESSES AND
REDEPOSITION ALONGTHE NORTHWEST AFRICAN PASSIVEMARGIN 603Michael A.
Arthur and Ulrich von Rad
UPPER MIOCENE TO PLEISTOCENECLIMATES IN NORTHWEST AFRICADEDUCED
FROM TERRIGENOUSCOMPONENTS OF SITE 397 SEDIMENTS(DSDP LEG 47A)Hervé
Chamley and Liselotte Diester-Haass
641
DSDP SITE 397: CLIMATOLOGICAL,SEDIMENTOLOGICAL AND
OCEANO-GRAPHIC CHANGES IN THE NEOGENEAUTOCHTHONOUS SEQUENCEL.
Diester-Haass
647
33.
LATE NEOGENE PALEOENVIRONMENTSTUDIES ON CARBONATE CONTENT,GRAIN
SIZES, AND DISSOLUTION,CORES 1-57 (DSDP SITE 397) 671Maria Bianca
Cita and Giuseppe Spezzibottiani
GRAIN SIZE AND GRAIN MORPHOLOGYOF THE LOWER AND MIDDLE
MIOCENESANDY SEDIMENTS OF THECONTINENTAL RISE OFFNORTHWESTERN
AFRICA 683Dmitrij S. Kashik, Olga A. Miklukho-Makley,Galina M.
Romm, and Alexander E. Rybalko
26. FACIES PALEOENVIRONMENT OFLOWER CRETACEOUS SEDIMENTS ATDSDP
SITE 397 AND IN THE AAIUNBASIN (NORTHWEST AFRICA)Gerhard Einsele
and Ulrich von Rad
559
34. PETROGRAPHY AND PETROCHEM-ISTRY OF MIOCENE
VOLCANICLASTICSANDSTONES (HOLE 397) 699B. G. Lopatin
27. LOWER CRETACEOUS LITHOSTRATIG-RAPHY OF THE CONTINENTAL
RISEOFF THE WESTERN SAHARA 579V. A. Basov, B. G. Lopatin, I. S.
Gramberg,A. I. Danyushevskaya, V. Ya. Kaban'kov,V. M. Lazurkin, and
D. K. Patrunov
35. NEOGENE EVOLUTION OF CANARYISLAND VOLCANISM INFERRED FROMASH
LAYERS AND VOLCANICLASTICSANDSTONES OF DSDP SITE 397(LEG 47A)
703Hans-Ulrich Schmincke and Ulrich von Rad
xxiv
-
Chapter Page Chapter Page
36. METEOR CORES 12309: LATE 38.PLEISTOCENE REFERENCE SECTIONFOR
INTERPRETATION OF THENEOGENE OF SITE 397 727Gerhard F. Lutze,
Michael Sarnthein, BernhardKoopman, Uwe Pflaumann, Helmut
Erlen-keuser, and Jörn Thiede 39.
37. DIAGENESIS OF SILICA, ZEOLITES, ANDPHYLLOSILICATES AT SITES
397AND 398 741Volker Riech
SIMULATION OF GEOLOGIC, HYDRO-DYNAMIC, AND
THERMODYNAMICDEVELOPMENT OF A SEDIMENTARYBASIN—A QUANTITATIVE
APPROACH 761M. Arif Yükler, C. Cornford, and D. Welte
EVOLUTION AND SEDIMENTARYHISTORY OF THE CAPE BOJADORCONTINENTAL
MARGIN,NORTHWESTERN AFRICA 773Michael A. Arthur, Ulrich von Rad,
ChrisCornford, Floyd, McCoy, and Michael Sarn-thein
INDEX 817
XXV
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We sincerely thank Captain Joseph Clark and his crew, Operations
ManagerGlen Foss, Drilling Superintendent Jim Ruddell and the GMI
crew, and TedGustafson and the Deep Sea Drilling Project Marine
Technician staff for theircooperation and constant high level of
performance during Leg 47 A.
The Deep Sea Drilling Project Art Department, and Editors Fred
Laughter andEvelyn Fagerberg are acknowledged for their important
respective contributionstowards illustrating, organizing, and
editing the papers in this volume.
We appreciate the advice and preparation of site proposals by
the JOIDESPassive Margin Panel, the Safety Panel, and the Planning
Committee. We alsothank the scientists from Kiel University,
Bundesanstalt fur Geowissenschaftenund Rohstoffe, Hannover and
other institutions who proposed sites and con-tributed geological
and geophysical data for presite surveys, especially Dr. E.Seibold
(Kiel), Dr. K. Hinz and Dr. G. Wissmann (Hannover), A Brown
(GSI,London), Dr. G. Einsele (Tubingen), and Dr. H. U. Schmircke
(Bochum). Ac-knowledgment is made to all of those scientists who
provided valuable contri-butions to this volume but were not
participants on the cruise.
A number of colleagues contributed reviews of various papers; we
specificallythank Dr. H. Bolli (Zurich), Dr. H. Thierstein (La
Jolla), Drs. K. Hinz, G.Wissmann, E. Kempter, U. Ranks, and P.
Kehrer (BGR, Hannover), and H. U.Schmincke (Bochum) for reviews of
parts of the Site Chapter.