A Linear Visual-Vestibular Physiological Model A Linear Visual-Vestibular Physiological Model for the Prediction of Motion Sickness for the Prediction of Motion Sickness Incidence: Revised for Motion Detected by Incidence: Revised for Motion Detected by Peripheral Vision Peripheral Vision By By Lt P. Matsagas, M.Sc., Hellenic Navy Lt P. Matsagas, M.Sc., Hellenic Navy [email protected][email protected]M.E. McCauley, Ph.D., Naval Postgraduate School M.E. McCauley, Ph.D., Naval Postgraduate School [email protected][email protected]HCI International 2005
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Matsangas & McCauley (2005) - Model for the Prediction of Motion Sickness Incidence: revised for peripheral vision - HCII
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A Linear Visual-Vestibular Physiological Model A Linear Visual-Vestibular Physiological Model for the Prediction of Motion Sickness for the Prediction of Motion Sickness Incidence: Revised for Motion Detected by Incidence: Revised for Motion Detected by Peripheral VisionPeripheral Vision
ByBy
Lt P. Matsagas, M.Sc., Hellenic NavyLt P. Matsagas, M.Sc., Hellenic [email protected]@nps.edu
Motion sickness is a general term that Motion sickness is a general term that describes the discomfort and associated describes the discomfort and associated emesis (vomiting) induced by real or emesis (vomiting) induced by real or apparent motion. apparent motion.
Motion sickness effects are evident in Motion sickness effects are evident in numerous provocative motion environments, numerous provocative motion environments, such as ships, aircraft, automobiles, virtual such as ships, aircraft, automobiles, virtual environments and large computer screens. environments and large computer screens.
Cause of motion Cause of motion sicknesssickness
Neural mismatch theoryNeural mismatch theory
Current sensory input
Neural store
Vestibular systemVision
ProprioceptionError signal
Effects on Effects on performanceperformance The consequences on human performance and The consequences on human performance and
operational efficiency are:operational efficiency are:– Ataxia (Ataxia (lack of muscular coordinationlack of muscular coordination))– Decreased spontaneityDecreased spontaneity– CarelessnessCarelessness– IncoordinationIncoordination– Reductions in subject motivationReductions in subject motivation– Mood changesMood changes– Sleepiness, drowsiness (through sopite syndrome)Sleepiness, drowsiness (through sopite syndrome)– Negative acceptance of the technological system involvedNegative acceptance of the technological system involved
Motion Sickness Motion Sickness Incidence (MSI)Incidence (MSI) A historically common index of motion A historically common index of motion
sickness severity is the Motion sickness severity is the Motion Sickness Incidence (MSI), which is the Sickness Incidence (MSI), which is the percentage of people who vomit when percentage of people who vomit when exposed to a nauseogenic exposed to a nauseogenic environment. environment.
HFR model (1974)HFR model (1974)
Model CharacteristicsVertical AccelerationOnly true motionMSI: % of people who vomitTwo-hour nauseogenic period
Nauseogenic frequency range0.05 – 0.6 [Hz]
Central nauseogenic frequency0.167 [Hz]
Proposed modelProposed model
Conceptually based on existing theoriesConceptually based on existing theories Combined with observer theory conceptsCombined with observer theory concepts MSI estimation based on:MSI estimation based on:
frequency and amplitude) detected by the frequency and amplitude) detected by the vestibular systemvestibular system
– Apparent motion characteristics (Vertical Apparent motion characteristics (Vertical acceleration frequency and amplitude) detected acceleration frequency and amplitude) detected by peripheral visionby peripheral vision
CharacteristicsVertical AccelerationOnly Apparent MotionMSI: % of people who vomitTwo-hour nauseogenic period
Nauseogenic frequency range0.05 – 0.6 [Hz]
Central nauseogenic frequency0.157 [Hz]
Model significanceModel significance
ParametricParametric Easily extended to various Easily extended to various
combinations of sensory cuescombinations of sensory cues Validated but not “tuned”Validated but not “tuned” PrecisePrecise EtiologicEtiologic Linear and time invariantLinear and time invariant
Why is the model Why is the model useful?useful? Current stateCurrent state
– True and apparent motion detectionTrue and apparent motion detection– Seated subject Seated subject – No voluntary motionsNo voluntary motions
Future stateFuture state– ProprioceptionProprioception– Refinement of Neural Store modelRefinement of Neural Store model– Parametric input of other human physiology Parametric input of other human physiology
parametersparameters
Future ResearchFuture Research
Include motion in 6 degrees of Include motion in 6 degrees of freedomfreedom
Implementation of “all” physiological Implementation of “all” physiological systemssystems
Central Nervous System (CNS) non-Central Nervous System (CNS) non-linear characteristics linear characteristics
Gravity vector estimationGravity vector estimation Retinal SlipRetinal Slip Difference between true Difference between true motion and vectionmotion and vection
Vestibular Vestibular Central VisionCentral Vision Peripheral VisionPeripheral Vision ProprioceptionProprioception
Neural StoreNeural Store Multiple motion characteristicsMultiple motion characteristics
Cue errors Cue errors contributing to MSIcontributing to MSI
Gravity vector estimationGravity vector estimation Retinal SlipRetinal Slip Difference between true motion and Difference between true motion and vectionvection