Model for the environmental impact assessment of neighbourhoods - Damien Trigaux

DAMIEN TRIGAUX | DS²BE SEMINAR | BRUSSELS |19.03.14

MODEL FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF NEIGHBOURHOODS

DOCTORAL SEMINAR ON SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

2


[CONTENT]

1.  STATE OF THE ART

2.  OBJECTIVES 3.  METHODOLOGY

4.  RESULTS

5.  CONCLUSIONS

3


[STATE OF THE ART]

BUILDING SUSTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT METHODS (BSAM) §  Scoring tools

§  MulD-‐criteria assessment §  Wide range of sustainability issues (e.g. energy, materials, water and comfort)

§  Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) tools §  EvaluaDon of the life cycle environmental impacts §  ScienDfic base §  Limited to the micro-‐scale (individual buildings) and environmental aspects

[Trigaux, D., Allacker, K., De Troyer, F., Compara(ve analysis of Building Sustainability Assessment Methods for neighbourhoods, Architecture and Sustainability: Cri(cal Perspec(ves, not yet published]

LCA TOOLS SCORING TOOLS

ARIADNE

4


[OBJECTIVES]

MAIN OBJECTIVE ElaboraDon of an assessment method for the evaluaJon of sustainability in neighbourhoods

§  Integrated life cycle approach, combining Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and Life Cycle CosDng (LCC) calculaDons

§  Quality assessment: mulD-‐criteria analysis (MCA) §  Decision support tool (helping decision makers like architects, urban planners, engineers and

policy makers) §  Applicable during the different design phases

BUILDING IMPACT BUILDING QUALITIES

ECONOMIC SUSTAINABILITY Life cycle cosJng (LCC)

ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)

VALUATION ENVIRONMENTAL

IMPACTS

QUALITIES FOR USERS MulJ-‐criteria analysis (MCA)

SOCIAL SUSTAINABILITY Social life cycle assessment (sLCA)

VALUATION SOCIAL IMPACTS

QUALITIES FOR SOCIETY MulJ-‐criteria analysis (MCA)

5


[OBJECTIVES]

SUB-‐OBJECTIVES 1.   Extension of the scale of the individual building to clusters of buildings and neighbourhoods 2.   Extension of the evaluaJon scope (e.g. impact assessment of commuter transport, water

consumpDon and building site land use, evaluaDon of society related qualiDes)

6


[METHODOLOGY]

LIFE CYCLE APPROACH §  Impact assessment over the whole building life cycle (from cradle to grave) §  Based on exisDng LCA methods: SuFiQuaD (Sustainability Financial and Quality evaluaDon of

Dwelling types) and MMG (Milieugerelateerde MateriaalprestaDe van Gebouwelementen)

PRODUCTION raw materials

transport manufacturing

USE

cleaning maintenance replacement

heating

END-OF-LIFE

demolition transport

waste processing and disposal

CONSTRUCTION transport

construction activities LCA

7


[METHODOLOGY]

ELEMENT METHOD FOR COST CONTROL §  Hierarchical subdivision in funcJonal elements §  Neighbourhoods as a combinaDon of buildings, networks and open spaces

BUILDING MATERIALS

WORK SECTIONS

BUILDING ELEMENTS

BUILDINGS

NEIGHBOURHOODS

8


[RESULTS]

ENVIRONMENTAL PROFILE OF AN ASPHALT ROAD FOR LOCAL TRAFFIC §  Low environmental impact of base and sub-‐base: recycled materials (crushed rubble) §  High contribuDon of asphalt layers: impact of producDon and replacement (scenarios) [Trigaux, D., Allacker, K., De Troyer, F., Model for the environmental impact assessment of neighbourhoods, accepted paper Environmental impact 2014 Conference -‐ Ancona]

9


[RESULTS]

ANALYSIS OF ABSTRACT NEIGHBOURHOOD MODELS §  Important impact differences between the dwelling typologies (different amount of infrastructure,

building elements and heat losses per floor area) §  Limited contribuDon of road infrastructure, compared to the impact of buildings

[Trigaux, D., Allacker, K., De Troyer, F., Model for the environmental impact assessment of neighbourhoods, accepted paper Environmental impact 2014 Conference -‐ Ancona]

10


[CONCLUSIONS]

RECOMMENDATIONS §  Extension of the element method for cost control to the neighbourhood scale §  Extension to other infrastructural components (e.g. bicycle and foot paths, electricity and water

networks, sewerage and district heaDng) §  Detailed analysis of the maintenance and replacement scenarios of the road surfacing layers §  Importance of neighbourhood layouts and building typologies (compared to the opDmisaDon of a

specific process such as operaDonal energy)

[Trigaux, D., Allacker, K., De Troyer, F., Model for the environmental impact assessment of neighbourhoods, accepted paper Environmental impact 2014 Conference -‐ Ancona]

11


[CONCLUSIONS]

OPEN ISSUES §  LCA tool adapted to the architectural pracJce: different target groups and design stages §  EsDmaDon of the energy consumpJon, based on the layout and geometry of buildings and all

possible interacDons (solar shading) §  Impact assessment of commuter transport, based on locaDon and transport faciliDes §  Impact assessment of building land use and ecological systems (e.g. municipal parks and green

roofs) §  EvaluaDon of society related qualiJes (e.g. socio-‐cultural values, process qualiDes and diversity)


MODEL FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF NEIGHBOURHOODS

DOCTORAL SEMINAR ON SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT

Model for the environmental impact assessment of neighbourhoods - Damien Trigaux

Science

building life cycle

evaluajon of sustainability

environmental aspects

sustainability research

replacement scenarios

impact of producdon

exisdng lca methods

results environmental