MODALs VERBs 1.Claudya Rahmadini 2.Erwan 3.Eva Anggraini 4.Yusuf Agung Viranda
MODALs VERBs
1.Claudya Rahmadini
2.Erwan
3.Eva Anggraini
4.Yusuf Agung Viranda
Different moods and different ways to express them
ABILITY
POSSIBILITY
PERMISSION
OBLIGATION
EXPECTABILITY
PROBABILITY
Adjectives
Verbs
Modal Verbs
Present, past and future
I amYou /we /they are He /she /it is
I / he / she / it wasYou /we /they were
IYou /we /they will be He /she /it
There isThere are
There wasThere were
There will be
I /you /we /they writeHe / she / it writes
IYou wroteHeWe livedThey
IYouHe will writeWeThey
Structure of Modal Verbs
I
Modal Verb(can /should, etc.)
Infinitive(without TO)
You
He
She
It
We
They
CAN used to indicate the possession of an ABILITY
e.g. He can speak German fluently (He’s able to speak German fluently)
I Rewrite the sentences use “CAN” for ability
1.He’s able to drive a car.
2.My daughter is capable of playing the piano beautifully.
3.She’s an excellent secretary. She has the ability to type 80 words a minute.
He can drive a car.
My daughter can play the piano beautifully
She can type 80 words a minute.
4. Most adults are unable to use a computer.
5. A recent investigation shows that 65% of high school students don’t know how to use a calculator.
Most adults can’t use a computer.
... 65% of high school students can’t use a calculator.
Different ways to express the ability
Can
Be able to
Be capable of (ING)
Have the ability to
Know how to
CAN/MAY are used to indicate a present or future possibility
e.g. The solution may / can be found at the
back of the book
( It’s possible to find the solution at the back of the book)
II Rewrite the Sentences use “CAN” or “MAY” for possibility
1.Due to the repairs, trains are possibly subject to delays.
2.It’s possible that we face an energy crisis this winter.
3.Maybe we’ll change rooms for the next test since the room is very small.
Due to the repairs, trains may be subject to delays.
We may face an energy crisis this winter.
We may change rooms for the next test since the room ...
4. Perhaps agronomists will have to test the soil because they’ve found traces of pollutants.
5. Let’s not wait any longer. It’s possible that he won’t come today.
6. It’s possible that ships won’t dock in the harbor because of the rain.
Agronomists may have to test the soil because ...
He may not come today.
Ships may not dock in the harbor because of the rain.
CAN/MAY are also used to give permission
e.g. You can / may speak to the patient just a few minutes.
(You’re allowed to speak to the patient just a few minutes)
III. Rewrite the sentences used “MAY” or “CAN” for permission
1.He has permission to play after doing his homework.
2.You’re allowed to miss classes if you get 85% on the first test.
3.Do I have permission to smoke?
He may play after doing hid homework
You may miss classes if you get 85% on the first test.
May I smoke?
4. You’re allowed to call me by my nickname.
5. I gave her permission to leave the class earlier since she has stomach cramps.
You may call me by my nickname.
She may leave the class earlier since she has ...
SHOULD is often used to indicate what is regarded as
probable or reasonably expected
e.g. The introduction of new machinery should contribute greatly to better results.
(It’s expected that the introduction of new machinery will contribute greatly…)
IV Rewrite the sentences use “SHOULD” for what is probable or expected
1.They expect the meeting to be finishing right now.
2.The Conservatives are expected to win the next election.
3.We don’t expect that it will take long to get there.
The meeting should be finishing right now.
The Conservatives should win the next election.
It shouldn’t take (us) long to get there.
4. It probably won’t be difficult to pass the test.
5. The new regulation probably won’t affect the old students.
It shouldn’t be difficult to pass the test.
The new regulation shouldn’t affect the old students.
MUST is often used to indicate OBLIGATION
e.g. You must obtain a visa to travel to USA.
( It’s compulsory that you obtain a visa to travel to USA )
V Rewrite the sentences use “MUST” for obligation
1.There’s no gravity in space. Astronauts have to take showers inside big plastic bags.
2.Astronauts are also obliged to drink through tubes.
3.It’s compulsory that students write the test in ink.
Astronauts must take showers inside plastic bags.
Astronauts must also drink through tubes.
Students must write the test in ink.
4. I feel obliged to visit them again.
5. It’s obligatory that he works at the weekend.
6. She’s to answer all the questions before the jury.
7. He’s forced to make a choice.
I must visit them again.
He must work at the weekend.
She must answer all the questions before the jury.
He must make a choice.
VI These sentences are wrong correct the correct the mistakes
1.He can playing tennis very well.
2.We must to hurry or we’ll be late.
3.At the meeting tomorrow he may mentioned the problem.
He can play tennis very well.
We must hurry or we’ll be late.
At the meeting tomorrow he may mention the problem.
4. He’s been here for hours. He must been tired.
5. She should knows the answer.
He’s been here for hours. He must be tired.
She should know the answer.
EXERCIsE___ you speak any foreign languages? a. May b. Can c. Have
Liz ___ get tired of her job. It is so boring. a. has to b. must c. should
Where's Nick? He ___ be in his office. a. might b. mustn't c. is to
Take an umbrella. It ___ rain later. a. has to b. need c. might
Jack ___ go to hospital yesterday. a. must b. had to c. need
You look tired. You ___ go to bed. a. should b. ought c. are to
You ___ do it. I've already done it. a. must not b. need not c. ought not
___ it be true? a. Must b. May c. Can
___ we stay or leave? a. Will b. Would c. Shall
Jane was so tired. She ___ have worked days and nights. a. should b. must c. need