Teacher: Kátia Rosa Azevedo 2ªsérie matutino 3ºbimestre Slide 1 VERBOS MODAIS (MODAL VERBS)
Teacher: Kátia Rosa Azevedo2ªsérie matutino
3ºbimestre
Slide 1VERBOS MODAIS (MODAL VERBS)
The modal verbs are
• Can = poder• Could = poder (passado)
• May = poder• Might = poder• Must = dever • Should = dever • Ought to = dever
No (to ) in the infinitive form
to can (wrong) - can (correct)• to must(wrong) – must (correct)
No (to) after the modal verbs
• I can (to) dance (NO)• I can dance
• exception : ought to • You ought to do your lessons • você deveria fazer sua lição
Negative form
• Can = can´t, cannot• Could = could not – couldn´t
• May = may not• Might = might not, mightn´t• Must = mustn´t, must not
• Should = should not, shouldn´t• Ought to = ought not to, oughtn´t
Interrogative form
• Inverte a posição do sujeito com verbo
• She can speak English• Can she speak English?
No s in the third person
• I can• You can• He can• She can• It can• We can• They can
MODAL VERBS
verbos auxiliares modais
são verbos que só ocorrem na presença de
outro verbo
• I can ride a bike• You may be right• She must stay her• You should read
• Não têm passado nem futuro (com exceção do
can).
• Devido à alta freqüência com que ocorrem na
língua, os verbos modais tornam-se
imprescindíveis
Can - Could
• ability: • I can speak English -
Eu consigo falar inglês.
• We can see the lake from our bedroom.
• (Nós podemos ver o lago da janela do nosso quarto).
• permission: • Can I smoke here? -
Posso fumar aqui?• Can I leave early?
Deduction (can´t)• Steve can´t have
gone to church. He ´s an atheist
Can - Could
Pedidos e Solicitações• Can you change this
light bulb for me?
Deduction• Brad can´t be sick. I
spoke to him ten minutes ago.
Could funciona como passado e como futuro do pretérito de can:
• passado: • I couldn't speak
English before going to England.
• You couldn't smoke in the presence of your parents at that time.
• Eu não sabia falar inglês antes de ir para a Inglaterra.
• Não se podia fumar na presença dos pais, naquela época.
Could- futuro do pretérito
• You could have called me.
• Could you do me a favor?
• Pedir e dar permissão
• - Você poderia ter me ligado.
• Você poderia me fazer um favor?
May
• Permission:
• May I smoke here? Posso fumar aqui?
• May I take some of your painkiller?
• Possibility: • It may rain today.
Pode ser que chova hoje
• I may be suffering from an eating disorder.
Might
• remote possibility:
• It might rain this weekend.
• É capaz de chover no próximo fim de semana.
Should
Advice: You should study
more. • You shouldn´t
overeat
• Você deveria estudar mais.
Must
Obligation/necessidade• You must stop smoking. • Você tem que parar de
fumar.
Prohibition: • You mustn't get out
of bed. • Você não pode sair
da cama.
MUST: é usado para dizermos que alguma coisa que temos certeza é verdadeira. Inference, logical deduction.
• He must have the flu. He has all the typical symptoms.
You’ve been travelling all day. You must be tired.
• (Você viajou o dia todo. Você deve estar cansado).
• Linda must get very bored in her job. She does the same thing every day.
• (Linda deve ficar muito chateada em seu emprego. Ela faz a mesma coisa o dia todo).
HAVE TO: é usado para dizermos que realmente é necessário fazer alguma coisa. (ter que)
Exemplos:
You can’t turn right here. You have to turn left.
(Você não pode virar a direita aqui. Você tem de virar a esquerda).
• My eyesight isn’t very good. I have to wear glasses for reading.
• (Minha visão não está muito boa. Eu tenho de usar óculos para ler).
Must / have towe use must and have to to explain that something is necessary
I must finish my homework before 8:00
• I have to phone Jan at 9:00
SHOULD: é usado para dar conselhos ou opiniões.
• Exemplos: • You look tired. You
should go to bed.• (Você parece cansado.
Você deveria ir para a cama).
• You shouldn’t believe everything you read in the newspapers.
• (Você não deveria acreditar em tudo que você lê nos jornais).
Mustn´t/ don´t have tohave different meanings
Mustn´t describes na action which is
prohibited
you mustn´t cross
the road when the red light is showing
• Don´t have to describes an action which is not necessary –you have a choice
• you don´t have to do that
• 1. She is ill , so she____ see the doctor.
• 2. It is raining. You______ take your umbrella.
• 3. You _____ throw litter on the stairs.
• • 4. This is a secret. You
_______ tell anybody. • 5. You ______ make noise in the
library.
• • • .•
• 6. We hurry or we will miss the bus.
• 7. You _____eat fruit and vegetables.
• • 8. The baby is sleeping.
You _____ shout.
• 9. You ______ be friendly to everybody.
• • 10. You______ walk on the grass.
CIRCLE THE CORRECT ONE must or mustn´t
• 7. You ----- be late for class.• 8. You------- listen to your
teacher.• • 9. You ------- give place to
old people.• • 10. You -------be polite.• • 11. You ------- fasten your
seat belt.• 13. You------ speak loudly
in hospitals
1. You -- light fires in the forests. 2. You --- do your homework 3. You --- wash your face every morning. 4. You ------ drink cold water. 5. You-------- watch TV a lot. 6. You ------ eat in class.
Use should / shouldn't / mustn't
• 1. We______ invite the Nortons to our party. They are nice people.
• 2. Young children_______ stay at home on their own.
• 3. Before you go to the dentist's, you_______ brush your teeth.
• 4. You________ smoke in bed!
• 5. You ___________ shut the windows because it is raining.
• 6. You_______ forget her birthday again.
• 7. You_______ go to the theatre when you are in Vienna. It's great.
• 8. They______ tell her about John's accident. She could break down.
• 9. You________ cross the street when the traffic lights are red.
What are these sentences expressing?
A. Sally could pray when she was two years oldRequest/ablility/suggestion/ obligationB. Sue is so happy. She must have won a lottery
prize.Deduction/request/ offer/ obligationC. You may sit down, if you wishRequest/permission/obligation /Prohibition
D. You should listen to what he says ability/suggestion/ permission/ obligation
E. Steve can´t have gone to church. He ´s an atheist
Deduction/ ability/ obligation/ prohibition