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Mobilizationon the
Home Front
Chapter 25.1
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Selective Service and theGI
5 Million Americans
volunteered to serve.
10 Million more were
drafted through theSelective Service Act
GI Government Issue
First used to describeweapons, clothing, etc. and
later used to describe
soldiers.
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Women join the Effort
Womens Auxiliary Army Corps(WAAC) Gen Marshall pushed for the creation of
the WAAC
Congress opposed! Who will do the cooking, the washing,
and the mending?
Silliest piece of legislation he had everseen
Think of the humiliation. What hasbecome of the manhood of America,that we have to call on our women todo what has ever been the duty ofmen?
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Women join the Effort
13,000 womenapplied on the firstday applications
were available. 250,000 women
served in this and
other auxiliarybranches during thewar.
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Minorities Join the Effort
Why fight for
democracy for some
foreign country
when we dont evenhave it here?
African American
Editorial
Just carve on my
tombstone, Here lies a
black man killed fighting
a yellow man for theprotection of a white
man.
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Minorities Join the Effort
Minorities realized that things might be
bad now, but how much worse might they
be under a fascist government?
More than a million African-Americans
served during WWII.
They were in segregated units and limited to
mostly non-combat roles.
25,000 Native Americans joined the services,
including 800 women.
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Life on the Home Front
Factories transitioned frommaking consumer goods to
making war materials
overnight.
Car plans built tanks andairplanes
Pencil factories made bomb
parts
Soft-drink companiesstopped filling bottles with
coke and started filling
bombs with gun powder.
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The Sleeping Giant isAwoken
Prefabricated parts
make the
construction of
ships fast!
1 Liberty Ship took
4 days to construct
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Labor Effort
Out of the 18million workers in
war industries, 6
million werewomen.
Women got paid
40% less than men
in the same jobs.
2 Million were
African-Americans
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Roosevelt Backs Down
A. Philip Randolph, aleading African-
American labor leader
organized a march onWashington to protest
discrimination in war
industries.
We loyal Colored
Americans demand
the right to work and
fight for our country.
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Mobilization of Scientists
Office of Scientific
Research and
Development
(OSRD)
Penicillin
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The Manhattan Project
National Committee
on Uranium
Einstein 3-5 years
to produce an
atomic bomb.
Offices were
located in NYC
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Internment of JapaneseAmericans
Presidential Order
9066: All persons of
Japanese ancestry
must be relocatedto US Internment
Camps throughout
the US.
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Internment of JapaneseAmericans
Nisei Japanese
born American
citizens
110,000 were
ordered to be
interned.
Th G t T k C t l f th E
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The Government Takes Control of the Economy
Agencies and Laws What the Regulations Did
National War Labor Board (NWLB) Limited wage increasesAllowed negotiated benefits such as paid vacations,
pensions, and medical insurance.Kept unions stable by forbidding workers to changeunions.
Office of Price Administration (OPA) Fought inflation by freezing wages, prices, and rents.Rationed foods such as meat, butter, cheese, vegetables,sugar, and coffee.
War Production Board (WPB) Rationed fuel and materials vital to the war effort such asgasoline, heating oil, metals, rubber, and plastics.
Department of the Treasury Issued war bonds to raise money for the war effort and tofight inflation.
Revenue Act of 1942 Raised the top personal-income-tax rate to 90%Added lower- and middle-income Americans to theincome tax rolls.
Smith-Connally Labor Disputes Act (1943) Limited the right to strike in industries crucial to the wareffort.
Gave the president power to take over striking plants.
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Economic Controls
Inflation had
skyrocketed during
WWI.
WWI inflation was
around 60%
Inflation during
WWII was around
30%
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Economic Controls
Rationing fixed
allotments of goods
deemed essential
for the military.