MOBILE LIFE ENERGIZED BY www.axx.lanxess.com ANTIOXIDANTS AND ACCELERATORS (AXX) PORTFOLIO 2016-02
CONTENT
04 Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII)
05 Competence leads to sustainable development
n Tires
06 Additives for Green Tires
06 Important tire labeling
07 Overview: tire applications
n Technical rubber goods
08 Wide range of premium products
08 Vulkacit®, Vulkanox®, Renacit®
09 Rubber chemicals portfolio for technical rubber goods
10 Overview: latex chemicals
11 Property required / latex types
n Performance additives for non rubber applications
12 Tailor made solutions
13 Merkapto products for pharama and agro applications
13 Mercaptobenzothiazoleproductsinfrothflotation
14 Corrosion inhibitors based on
mercaptobenzothiazole products
14 Mercaptobenzothiazole products for biocides
14 Vulkanox® additives for fuel and oil applications
15 Polymer protection by Vulkanox® products
15 Polymer and material protection with Vulkanox®
n Product overview and data
18 The different supply forms
Accelerators
19 Cure characteristics of several accelerators
20 Merkapto accelerators
21 Sodium mercaptobenzothiazole
22 Sulfenamide accelerators
Antidegradants
23 Vulkanox® – antidegradants
23 Vulkanox® – para-phenylenediamine products
25 Vulkanox® 4005 – stabilizer and antioxidant
26 Vulkanox® HS/LG – staining antioxidant
27 Bisphenols and mecaptobenzimidazoles -
non staining antioxidants
29 Vulkazon®–Olefins-nonstainingantiozonants
Specialties
30 Renacit® – peptizing agents
n Formalities, Contact data
31 Disclaimer
From the days of the invention of synthetic rubber until today, our prede-
cessor company and LANXESS have been driving the rubber market.
Based on our long term experience in the rubber industry, we are able to
offer products throughout our portfolio with a superior quality level. This
reliability is also well recognized by our non rubber customers.
Our rubber competence is part of the extensive LANXESS portfo-
lio, which focusses on premium products. Its core business comp-
rises the development, manufacture and sale of high-tech plastics,
high-performance rubber, specialty chemicals and intermediates.
In addition, it helps its customers in the development and imple-
mentation of individual system solutions. In these areas, which are
at the very core of the chemical industry, the Group has specific
expertise in the form of chemical and application-related know-how
andflexibleassetmanagement.TheGroup‘saimis,throughinnovative
products, optimized processes and new ideas, to generate added value
for customers and the company.
LANXESS - THE SUCCESSFUL HISTORY IN RUBBER CHEMICALS
Long term partner for the industry
The business unit Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII) from
LANXESS is committed to the rubber industry. Our vision is to esta-
blish a long term relationship with our customers by offering more
than just products. Based on a long history our business unit is conti-
nuously working on innovative products and solutions. Even though
the rubber world is our background, our focus is much wider.
Bushy Park, US
Jhagadia, IN
Sales offices (Headquarter in Cologne)
Production site
São Paulo, BR
Cologne, DE
Brunsbüttel, DE
Antwerp, BE
Thane, IN
Shanghai, CN
Pittsburgh, US
Page 4 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.4
Market Focus, Quality and high level of Expertise
The LANXESS Business Unit Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII) is
known for high quality industrial chemicals. A broad range of products is pro-
viding the prerequisite for our customers success.
In four business lines, „Benzyl Products and Inorganic Acids“, „Polyols and
Oxidation Products“, „Aromatic Network“ and „Antioxidants and accele-
rators“, we combine long standing production excellence with customer
partnership. Strict market focus as well as market knowledge are laying out
our road of success.
ADVANCEDINDUSTRIAL INTERMEDIATES
Page 5 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 5
n LANXESS Headquarter in Cologne, Germany
We offer our products at most advanced levels
Our products have been investigated applying the latest methods for risk
assessment. Our material safety data sheets provide all the information
needed to handle and apply our products safely.
Our processes are designed to minimize impacts on air, water and soil becau-
se of our up-to-date installations. Responsibility is part of our daily operation.
Our neighbour is our partner.
Regular process safety studies, combined with continuous investments into
safety instllations are providing our backbone for plant and transportation
safety. Regular inspections prove our concept.
Our products are of high quality. Our manufacturing processes yield products
of consistant quality for our customers. We have the know how to transport
hazardous goods globally, on time, in full.
If our products and services do not fulfil customers‘ expectations, we
investigate and respond.
Our assets are maintained for long-term operation. Maintenance leads to
high asset reliability with the most advanced technical standards.
Our personnel are well trained and their knowledge and skille contribute
to our business. Our vendors and service providers must fulfil all our
expectations.
REACH means responsible action: We strive to minimize the risks for a set of
enumerated uses as set out in our material safety data sheets.
We are commited to Product Stewardship and Responsible Care Initiatives,
including the European REACH legislation.
COMPETENCE LEADS TOSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Sustainable Development – Compliance – Ethical Standards
n The label makes important characteristics of the tire visible.
Tire labeling makes differences visible
Until now these quality ‘grades’ of the tires could not be seen by the
customer – a shortcoming which was corrected by the EU-wide compulsory
tire labeling. Standardized labeling, which the European Commission intro-
duced in the end of 2012, provides information on three key tire performance
qualities: fuel consumption, wet grip and rolling noise.
There are seven hierarchical grades from A to G. Similar to the energy
classes on refrigerators, there is now also a clear labeling on tires, from
A to G, signaling to which quality class a product belongs.
Tires that offer particularly low rolling resistance and thus lower fuel
consumption receive the top grade: A. As a result of the label, a
customer can immediately tell how “green” his tires really are when making
apurchase.ThenewEUregulationsaim to improveenergyefficiencyand
safety standards of future tires. It enables consumers to make informed
purchasing decisions.
Beside the EU other countries such as South Korea or Japan introduced a
similar tire label. Countries such as Brasil, the United States
or China have already started
to work on their
regulation
as well.
Page 6 of 64: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.6
HIGH PERFORMANCE ADDITIVES FOR GREEN TIRES
n Japanese tire label introduced in 2011
n South Korean version introduced in 2012
n The goal of the Green Tires:
Optimalfuel-efficency,bestwetgrip,
lowest tire noise
Essentially, Green Tires are made possible through the use of technically
advanced polymers and rubber chemicals, such as that which LANXESS
supplies throughout the tire industry. Numerous types of materials are com-
pounded into a tire with one goal; the tire must ultimately achieve top grades
inthemostimportantdisciplines–wetgrip,tirenoiseandfuel-efficiency.
Page 7 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 7
Rubber chemicals
Merkapto accelerators
Vulkacit® Merkapto
Vulkacit® DM
Sulfenamide accelerators
Vulkacit® CZ
Vulkacit® NZ
Vulkacit® DZ
Staining antioxidants with
antiozonant effect
Vulkanox® 4010
Vulkanox® 4020
Vulkanox® 4030
Staining antioxidant
Vulkanox® HS
Non staining antiozonants
Vulkazon® AFS
Peptizing agents
Renacit® 10
Renacit® 11
MBT
MBTS
CBS
TBBS
DCBS
IPPD
6PPD
77PD
TMQ
DBD
DBD
n
TIRE APPLICATIONS
Hig
h p
erfo
rman
ce
silic
a
Pas
san
ger
car
ca
rbon
bla
ck
Lig
ht
tru
ck
Hea
vy t
ruck
Ear
th m
over
Trea
d
Su
btr
ead
Sid
ewal
l
Cor
d a
dh
esio
n
Inte
rnat
ion
al a
bb
revi
atio
n
Page 8 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.8
Vulkanox®
Aging processes, which are caused by oxygen or heat, change the proper-
ties of the vulcanizates. Rubbers generally are subject to such changes that
occur in the course of time and can lead to partial or complete destruction.
Possible consequences are depolymerization, fatigue, brittleness, cracks and
even disintegration. The resistance of a rubber article to oxygen, ozone and
other reactive substances is determined mainly by the elastomer on which
the compound is based and by the chemicals that are added to rateard the
destructive processes.
Unsaturaredgroupsintherubbermoleculearethereasonfortherubber‘s
sensitivity to oxygen, which increases with temperature. If catalysts of oxida-
tion (known as rubber poisons) are present, aging is rapid. The results are
hardening and embrittlement, crazing effects and fatigue. Ozone or dynamic
stress (fatigue) lead to cracking on the surface of the rubber article.
Antidegradants such as Vulkanox® are chemicals which protect the vulca-
nizates against damagingexternal influences.Dependingon the chemical
structure, they act against one or more of the aging processes mentioned.
Noneoftheantidegradantsisuniversallyeffective,eachhasadefinitespec-
trumofactivityandcharacteristiceffectiveness,andadefinitepropensityto
discolor the goods if they are exposed to light. Staining antidegradants are
generally more effective than non-staining ones.
Key Properties
nprotection against oxidation, ozone, heat and rubber poisons
nprotection against dynamic stress
Renacit®
Natural rubber is masticated to improve processing. By breaking down the
molecular chain the polymer viscosity is reduced. This is usually achieved by
mechanical forces in a mixer, which consumes energy. The higher the tem-
perature, the faster the mastication. Renacit® mastication agents decrease
the mastication time, and therefore the dump temperature, by a special che-
mical process. Hence, less power is consumed, mixer capacity is increased
and costs are reduced. Renacit® isveryefficient:onlyaverysmallamountis
required.
Key Properties
nreduction of mastication times
nveryefficient
ncost savings, energy savings
LANXESS has driven innovation in the rubber industry since the days of
the invention of synthetic rubber. Over decades LANXESS has developed
a broad spectrum of rubber polymers as well as rubber chemicals. This
range includes all major polymers and rubber chemicals used in tire
and automotive technology, and also additional specialties for technical
rubber goods. Our broad portfolio of high quality rubber chemicals helps our
customers meet their individual performance requirements.
Our complete portfolio consists of accelerators, antioxidants and mastication
agents. Our range of products is designed to meet the demand of our custo-
mers today.
Non-staining and chemically effective antiozonants and Vulkazon® AFS,
cyclic acetal, can be used in white, grey and colored technical rubber goods.
A further advantage of Vulkazon® AFS is that it does not affect the peroxide
curing used for the polymerization of elastomers with a saturated backbone.
A special quality of Vulkanox® HS was developed for the application in semi
conductive layers of medium to high voltage cables. Our “salt free” quality
ensures that the water permeability is significantly lower compared to
standard competitive grades.
Youwillfindanoverviewonourproductportfolioanditsapplicationsonthe
following pages, for further information on our products, please contact your
local sales representative.
Vulkacit®
Vulcanization is the conversion of a high-molecular material from the plastic
to the elastic state. One of the key chemical reactions in this process is that
of rubber with sulfur. Sulfur vulcanization, widely used in the rubber industry,
requires the use of vulcanization accelerators such as Vulkacit®.
Vulcanization accelerators are not catalysts because they are part of the che-
mical reaction. The great variety of accelerators available is a result of their dif-
ferentinfluencesonthevulcanizationkinetics(scorchandcuretime)andon
physical properties such as tensilte strength, elasticity or resistance to aging.
In many cases, accelerators are combined to supply optimal processing and
physical properties.
Key Properties
nMercapto accelerators
very fast accelerators giving a very broad plateau and good aging
resistance.
nSulfenamide accelerators
fast but very safe accelerators providing a steep slope on the rheometer
curve.
WIDE RANGE OF PREMIUM PRODUCTS FOR TECHNICAL RUBBER GOODS
Page 9 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 9
Rubber chemicals Int. abb.
NR/IR BR CR CSM EPDM EPM EVA HNBR NBR HIIR IIR SBR
Merkapto acceleratorsVulkacit® MerkaptoVulkacit® ZMVulkacit® ZM-2Vulkacit® DMSulfenamide acceleratorsVulkacit® CZVulkacit® NZVulkacit® DZStaining antioxidants withantiozonant effectVulkanox® 4010Vulkanox® 4020Vulkanox® 4030Staining antioxidant Vulkanox® HSNon staining antioxidantsVulkanox® SP*Vulkanox® MB2Vulkanox® ZMB2Non staining antiozonantsVulkazon® AFS Peptizing agentsRenacit® 10Renacit® 11
MBTZMBTZMBTMBTS CBSTBBSDCBS
IPPD6PPD77PD
TMQ
SPHMMBIZMMBI
DBDDBD
RUBBER CHEMICALS PORTFOLIO FOR TECHNICAL RUBBER GOODS
* marketed only outside the EU
Page 10 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.10
LANXESS is a globally operating supplier of latex chemicals for the latex
processing industry with a broad product range, tailored to meet the require-
ments of a wide variety of applications.
Several generations of latex specialists
In latex processing LANXESS can look back on a long history of achieve-
ment. Important milestones include the first patent for synthetic latex in
1912 and the development of thiazoles and dithiocarbamates as acce-
lerators, which are particularly suitable for the manufacture of dipped and
molded articles. Further landmarks were innovations in an important class
of zinc oxides, and in colloidal sulfur, antioxidants and special-purpose latex
chemicals.
Expertise at every level
This considerable experience is one of the reasons why LANXESS has
become one of the most important partners of the latex processing industry.
Others include the high quality of the products, which is assured through
internal and external quality management systems, the high reliability of
delivery ensured through in-house production and a worldwide service
network,enablingLANXESStoprovideindividualon-sitesupportforspecific
issues concerning latex.
Pleasefindbelowinformationonourportfoliooflatexchemicals.Forfurther
or more detailed information e.g. on food contact applications please do not
hesitatetocontactourlocalexperts.Youwillfindtheiraddressesattheend
of this brochure.
Know-how for your products
Whatever your application is, chemicals experts at LANXESS will provide
individual technical advice tailored to your needs. We are aiming to optimize
applications for individual customers by modifying products or formulations.
Examples of solutions
For producers of rubber threads, for example, a special formulation of the
accelerator ZMBT containing only a small amount of free MBT has been
developed.
Due to its structure, MBT can cause breakage in fine rubber threads. By
reducing the free MBT content we have managed to improve the quality
and reduce the number of rejects. The following pages illustrate further
examples.
Latex chemicals
Coagulated goods Foams Shoes Automotive
AcceleratorsNaMBT Solution
AntioxidantsVulkanox® SP*
Vulkanox® MB2/MG
Vulkanox® ZMB2/C-5
Vulkanox® HS
NaMBT
SPHMMBIZMMBITMQ
Inte
rnat
ion
al a
bb
revi
atio
n
Exa
min
atio
n g
love
s
Su
rgic
al g
love
s
Hou
seh
old
glo
ves
Ind
ust
rial
glo
ves
Bal
loon
s
Con
dom
s
Late
x th
read
s
Foa
m m
attr
esse
s
Car
pet
foam
s
Art
ifici
al le
ath
er
Sh
oe in
ner
sol
es
Ad
hes
ives
Leat
her
cru
mb
s
Gas
kets
Tir
e co
rds
Ru
bb
eriz
ed h
airs
Wip
ing
clo
ths
LATEX APPLICATIONS
Latex applications
* marketed only outside the EU
Page 11 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 11
Property required Latex types End product Crosslinking
vulcanization
Chemicals
High elasticity
High elasticity
Low permeability
Low swelling
High elasticity
Foamability,
mechanical stability
Abrasion resistance
Washability
Stiffness
Good bonding
Flexibility
Oil resistance
Ozone resistance
Permeability
Natural latex (NR)
Natural latex (NR)
Nitrile latex (NBR)
Nitrile latex (NBR)
Natural latex (NR)
Styrene-butadiene latex
(SBR)
Nitrile latex (NBR)
Nitrile latex (NBR)
Styrene-butadiene latex
(SBR)
Chloroprene latex (CR)
Natural latex (NR)
Nitrile latex (NBR)
Chloroprene latex (CR)
Chloroprene latex (CR)
Examination gloves
Surgical gloves
Balloons, Condoms
Rubber threads
Surgical gloves
Industrial gloves
Gaskets
Mattresses
Carpet backing
Artificialleather
Industrial gloves
Wiping cloth
Toe caps
Inner soles
Leatherboard
Industial gloves
Weather balloons
Gloves
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
No paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulcanization paste
Vulkacit® ZM-2, Vulkanox® MB2/MG
Vulkacit® ZM-2
Vulkacit® ZM-2
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® SKF*
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® BKF, Vulkanox® SKF*
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® HS
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® SKF*
Vulkacit® ZM
––
Vulkanox® BKF
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® SKF*
Vulkacit® ZM, Vulkanox® SKF*
Vulkanox® BKF, Vulkanox® MB2/MG
Vulkanox® BKF
Chloroprene latex (CR) Inner soles Vulcanization paste Vulkanox® BKF
LATEX FORMULATION GUIDELINE
* marketed by LANXESS Distribution
Page 12 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.12
TAILOR MADE SOLUTIONS
FOR VARIOUS APPLICATIONS
Based on the long history in the produc-
tion of high performance chemicals, today
LANXESS business unit Advanced Industrial
Intermediates (AII) is offer-ing a wide port-
folio of additives and intermediates to nu-
merous industries. In addition, our portfolio
contains certain special grades of products,
tailormadeforspecificapplications.
n Products of our portfolio: proven in use for
the production of precious metals
Page 13 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 13
With its nitrogen and sulphur functionality, Vulkacit® Merkapto is a very
versatile molecule and used across several industries. Mercaptobenzo-
thiazole (MBT) as well as benzothiazole (BT) are important intermediates in
the synthesis of several active ingredients such as for pharmaceutical and
agricultural use.
For example in the production of 3rd and 4th generation of cephalosporin
antibiotics MBT is used in the synthesis of the intermediate GCLE based
on penicillin G. The synthesis route via GCLE offers several advantages com-
pared to other routes like
n higher recovery yield
n simple process
n cost advantage
Vulkacit® Merkapto is available from LANXESS in several pharma qualities,
higher than 99% HPLC purity grade.
For cephalosporin synthesis based on MICA acid as raw material,
Vulkanox® DM (MBTS) is used as a protection group.
Also Vulkanox® MB-2 has a merkapto functionality that makes it a versatile
building block in organic chemical synthesis. It is used as an intermediate
to manufacture generic proton-pump inhibitors (PPI) as Lanzoprazole and
Rabeprazole.ThesePPI’sareslowingorpreventing thestomach’sproduc-
tions of gastric acids.
O
NH
OClN
O
O
O
S
n Synthesis of antibiotics intermediate GCLE is based on MBT
Merkapto products for pharma and agro applications
Flotationisaseparationprocessthatclarifiesawaterphasebytheremoval
of suspended matter such as oil or solids. The removal is achieved by dis-
solving air in the water or waste water under pressure and then releasing
theairatatmosphericpressureinaflotationtankorbasin.Thereleasedair
formstinybubbleswhichadheretothesuspendedmattercausingittofloat
to the surface of the water where it may then be removed by a skimming
device. Flotation is very widely used in treating the industrial waste water
fromoilrefineries,petrochemicalandchemicalplants,naturalgasprocessing
plants, and paper mills.
Thechemical functionalitymakesMBTanexcellentflotationagentused in
the processing of mineral ores. MBT gets ionized in alkaline media and con-
sists of a neutral (-hydrophobic) part and an ionic part. In NaMBT, the MBT is
already ionized. The ionic part will cover ionic parts as metals, whereas the
hydrophobic part will bond to hydrophobic gas bubbles. The gas bubbles
usedinflotationprocesseswillfloattheseup.
Vulkacit® Merkapto and sodium mercaptobenzothiazole from LANXESS are
excellentcollectorsfortheflotationofmanypreciousmetalslikegold,lead,
molybdenum, platinum, silver, copper, nickel and zinc.
nFrothflotationasaprocesstocollectcertainmetalsfrommineralores
Mercaptobenzothiazole products in froth flotation
n Products of our portfolio: proven in use for
the production of precious metals
Page 14 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.14
Corrosion inhibitors based on mercaptobenzothiazole products
The amphiphilic character of NaMBT helps to prevent corrosion in all types of
water circuits. With its ionic part the molecule is bonding to the metal surface,
coveringitandformingafilmlayer.Asthislayerishydrophobic,thewateris
repelled from the metal surface.
Sodium MBT from LANXESS is used in cooling circuits of power plants as
wellasunderacidiccondition(highloadofhydrogensulfide)inforexample
gas compression units.
Mercaptobenzothiazole products for biocides
Mercaptobenzothiazole and its sodium salt are the major raw materials for
the synthesis of 2-(thiocyanomethylthio) benzothiazole (TCMTB, ). TCMTB is
a micro biocide, an active ingredient of fungicides and an antifouling agent
used as a substitute for chlorophenols in industrial applications.
Vulkanox® additives for fuel and oil applications
Vulkanox® 4005 is used at different stages in the supply chain of the fuel
industry. Vulkanox® 4005 is used during the gasoline manufacture process
as a short-term stabilizer preventing gum formation due to the oxidation of
gasoline components.
In the storage of fuel products Vulkanox® 4005 has proven its effectiveness
as an anti-oxidant to increase the oxidation stability of diesel and biodiesel
blends as well as for the long-term storage stability of strategic gasoline and
dieselsupplies.Also indieselwithasignificantamountofbio-components
Vulkanox® 4005 prevents oxidation of these bio-components otherwise
resulting in fouling of fuel tanks and modern engine fuel injection systems.
n Performance of Vulkanox® antioxidants in fuels and oils studied in the
laboratory
Vulkanox® 4005obtainedtheNo-HarmCertificatefromtheGermanInstitute
AGQM Biodiesel.
In cooperation with the mineral oil industry the AGQM developed certain test
criteria. Addtives have to pass for a safe use from blending the mineral diesel
with biodiesel and the application and combustion of the diesel containing up
to 10% biodiesel in the engine.
ARBEITSGEMEINSCHAFT QUALITÄTSMANAGEMENT BIODIESEL E.V. Claire-Waldoff-Str. 7 · 10117 Berlin · Tel.: +49 (30) 31 90 44 33 · Fax: +49 (30) 31 90 44 35
Certificate
We hereby confirm to LANXESS Deutschland GmbH
Kennedyplatz 1 50569 Köln Germany
that the oxidation stabilizer
Vulkanox 4005
was successfully tested in the project
Evaluation of No-Harm Properties and Relative Efficiency of Oxidation Stabilizers for Fatty Acid Methyl Ester as Fuel Component
(AGQM-Project 550_2008_3)
November 2012 – July 2013
The product was tested as follows:
Vulkanox 4005 - B 1058 In particular, we confirm that the no harm criteria specified in the project report were met and the relative efficiency against 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-toluene (BHT) was evaluated. The project report is part of this certificate.
Berlin, 16/07/2013
Dr. Andrea Seifert Managing Director
Dr Juergen Fischer Chairman of Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualitaetsmanagement Biodiesel e.V.
AGQM Arbeitsgemeinschaft Qualitaetsmanagement Biodiesel e.V. Claire-Waldoff-Str. 7 10117 Berlin
GERMANY
Tel.: +49 (30) 31 90 44 33 Fax: +49 (30) 31 90 44 35 e-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.agqm-biodiesel.de
nAGQM-Certificate
Vulkanox® 4005 can be found on
the published AGQM list which is
named as a reference in the German
fuel standard DIN 51628.
LANXESS is leveraging its know-
ledge and expertise on oxidati-
on chemistry to develop further
amininic antioxidants highly
effective in group I base oils
as well as in the high performance
group III base oils. Please get in
contact with our technical experts
tofindoutmoreabouttheseoppor-
tunities, LANXESS products can
offer.
n Chemical plants, power plants -
typicalfieldsofoperationfor
NaMBT from LANXESS in water
circuits
n MBT as raw material for leather
protection
Page 15 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 15
Vulkanox® 4030 is a liquid phenylene diamine antioxidant similar to
Vulkanox® 4005, however, with larger carbon groups attached to it
affecting its solubility in fuels and oils. Vulkanox® 4030 is slightly more
effective in group I base oils. Furthermore, Vulkanox® 4030 can be used
to reduce fouling of catalyst in crude cracking and as column antifoulant,
as polymer stabilizer in E-SBR production, as polymer inhibitor in monomer
processing (e.g. acrylate monomer) and as chain extender in the manufac-
turing of polyurea for coatings.
n Manufacturing process of polyurea for coatings
Vulkanox® MB2 is typically used as effective antioxidant and synergist for
the primary antioxidant, a hindered phenol. Another application is the use of
Vulkanox® ZMB2 in peroxide cured EPDM cable insulation where it increases
the electrical resistivity of the insulation shell.
Polymer protection by Vulkanox® products
Vulkanox® HS shows excellent oxidation prevention even in peroxide cured
polymers. Besides rubber applications it can be used to protect e.g. cross-
linked polyethylene (XPE). With our special salt free quality of Vulkanox® HS,
LANXESS Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII) offers a valuable
product to industries, where highest purity standards are needed. In
particular this product is widely used in the manufacturing of critical cable
compounds.
Vulkanox® ZMB2 is also a very effective non-staining antioxidant for use in
white and colored peroxide cured electrical cable insulation applications
contributing to an increased electrical resistivity of the polymer insulation
material.
Polymer and material protection with Vulkanox®
n Widely used for critical cable compounds:
Vulkanox® HS
Page 17 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 17
n From research to service: All our processes are
programmed to the success of our customers
PRODUCT OVERVIEW AND DATA
Page 18 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.18
n Renacit ® 11/WG
n Vulkacit® Merkapto MG-C
n Vulkacit® CZ/EG-C
n Vulkanox® HS/LG
The different supply forms
LANXESS rubber chemicals are supplied in various forms to meet the
requirements of our customers. The available supply forms are chosen to
obtain best in class handling and processability as well as work safety
profile. Therefore many products are available in low dust versions as oil
coated or granule type material.
Pleasefindhereanoverviewonthedifferentsupplyformsofrubberchemi-
cals form LANXESS:
– ground powder (or flakes or liquid;
depending on physical condition)
–/C ground powder, oil coated (1-2 % Oil)
–/C5 ground powder, oil coated (4-5% Oil)
–/MG micro granules
–/MG-C micro granules , oil coated (1-2% Oil)
–/EG extruded granules
–/EG-C extruded granules, oil coated (1-2% Oil)
–/LG lentile shaped granules
–/WG wax granules
(– = product name)
Page 19 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 19
S
N SH
Relativescorch time
(TMTD)(ZBEC)
short
long
fast slowRelative cure time
Sulfenamides Thiurams Dithiocarbamates
Specialties Thiazoles
Vulkacit® accelerators Cure characteristics
(in CR & CIIR)
(MBTS)
(CBS)(TBBS)
(DCBS)
(MBT)(ZMBT)
ThiuramZBEC
CRV
DMMer-kaptoZM
DZNZ
CZ
576
ACCELERATORS
n Overview on cure characteristics of several accelerators
Page 20 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.20
Applications
Rubber footwear and other hot-air cured goods, moldings and technical
goods of all types, e.g. roll covers, conveyor belting, transmission belting,
footwear soles and heels, hose, profiles, cables, bicycle and tires, cellular
rubber goods.
Product Vulkacit®
Merkapto/CVulkacit®
Merkapto/MG-CVulkacit® ZM Vulkacit® ZM-2 Vulkacit® DM/C Vulkacit® DM/MG-C
Chemicalcomposition
2-mercapto-benzothiazole
zinc-2-mercapto- benzothiazole
di(benzothiazol-2-yl) disulfide
Internationalabbreviation
MBT ZMBT MBTS
CAS Number 149-30-4 155-04-4 120-78-5
Structure
Density (g/cm3) 1.5 1.7 1.5
Initial meltingpoint (°C)
≥174 –– ≥168
Physicalform
yellowish whitepowder, low dust
yellowish micro-granules, low dust
yellowish whitepowder,
cream-colored powder, low dust
cream-colored microgra-nules, low dust
Standardpackaging
20 kg paperbags on pallets
20 kg paperbags on pallets
20 kg polyethylenebags on pallets
20 kg paperbags on pallets
Remarks––
free MBT: 11-16%
free MBT: max. 2.0%
––
Product range and typical properties
S
NSH
S
NS Zn
2
N
SS
NS S
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
0 20 40
torque(dNm)
time (min)
Merkapto(MBT)
DM (MBTS)
Sulfur
Merkapto accelerators
Characteristics
Versatile and fast accelerators
n easily dispersible
n melting points are not reached while incorporation in the compound
n merkapto accelerators sensitize latex compounds
n offer best resistance of the vulcanisate to aging
n show excellent resilience values to manufacture dynamically stressed
goods
n Vulkacit® Merkapto and Vulkacit® DM have a favourable effect on
rubber-to-metal bonding
n in general suitable for all vulcanization methods, Vulkacit® DM in
particularforapplicationsthatrequirelongerflowtimes
n used alone or in conjunction with other accelerators, giving a very broad
plateau and good aging resistance:
n with sulfenamides (Vulkacit® CZ, NZ, DZ) longer scorch and equal
curing time are possible (steep curing characteristic with a delayed
onset of cure).
n In CR (Baypren® types) Vulkacit® DM and Vulkacit® Merkapto show
a retarder effect.
Page 21 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 21
Sodium mercaptobenzothiazole
Characteristics
naniline-basedchemicalintermediateandflotationagent
n NaMBT protects mainly copper and copper alloys from corrosion by
creatingathinfilmonthemetalsurface
n dissolution of these metals is inhibited (no metal ions in the water)
n prevents oxidation of cooling water additives like glycol
n forms a smooth, non greasy, adhesive and colorless layer on the
metal surface
nastheprotectivefilmisverythintheheatexchangebetweenmetalsand
coolants is not impaired
n works synergistic with other corosion inhibitors like sodium benzoate,
borax, silicate, nitrite, molybdate, phosphate and organic phosphorus
compounds
International
abbreviation
CAS Number Structure Property Nominal value Unit
Content of NaMBT 50.25 ±1.25 %
NaMBT 2492-26-4Free alkaline as NaOH ≤0.6 %
Color number (Gardner) ≤18 ––
Dilution in water 1:10 no turbidity ––
Sodium-2-mercaptobenzothiazole
S
NNa
Applications
Sodiummercaptobenzothiazole serves as a flotation agent for themining
industryandasadditiveinvariousfluids.Someexamplesarecoolingcircuits,
waste water treatment and gas compression stations. It is also used as a
major chemical intermediate for biocide production.
S
Page 22 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.22
Applications
Used mainly for tires. Also suitable for dynamically stressed technical
goods, e.g. buffers and conveyor belting, and for technical moldings and
extrudates ingeneral, e.g. seals, hoses, profiles, footwear, cable sheathing
and insulation.
Product Vulkacit® CZ/C Vulkacit® CZ/EG-C Vulkacit® NZ/EG-C Vulkacit® DZ/EG-C
Chemical
composition
N-cyclohexyl-
2-benzothiazyl
sulfenamide
N-tert. butylbenzothiazyl sulfenamide N,N-dicyclohexyl-
2-benzothiazyl
sulfenamide
International
abbreviationCBS TBBS DCBS
CAS Number 95-33-0 95-31-8 4979-32-2
Structure
Density
(g/cm3)1.3 1.3 1.2
Initial
melting
point (°C)
≥98 ≥106 ≥96
Physical
form
white to grayish
powder, low dust
light gray granules, low
dust
white to grayish
granules, low dust
beige granules, low dust
Standard
packaging
20 kg paper bags
on pallets
Product range and typical properties
S
N
S
NH
S C CH3
CH3
CH3
N
S
NH
N
S
S N
2
5
1 0
1 5
2 0
2 5
0 5 15 2 5 3 5 4 5
Vulkacit® CZ (CBS)
Vulkacit® NZ (TBBS)
time (min)
Vulkacit® DZ (DCBS)
Sulfur
Sulfenamide accelerators
Characteristics
n fast, yet very safe accelerators giving a much delayed onset of cure (long
flowcompoundspossible),i.e.steepvulcanizationcurves.
n vulcanization characteristics:
•longscorchtime
•steepvulcanizationcurves
•highplateau
nparticularysuitableforefficientvulcanization(lowsulphurlevel)
n low melting point, easy to dispers
n vulcanizates are characterized by high level of mechanical properties
(elasticity, fatigue resistance) but a lower ageing resistance than those
vulcanizates with merkaptotype accelerators
Page 23 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 23
Vulkanox® – para-phenylenediamine products
Characteristics
n outstanding protection from dynamic stress, oxidation, heat, ozone and
rubber poisons
n severe staining and contact staining
n easy incorporation
nminorinfluenceoncompoundviscosity
nnoinfluenceonmechanicalpropertiesofthevulcanisate
n Vulkanox® 4020 is an excellent stabilizer for polymers, especially for
oil extended E-SBR
ANTIDEGRADANTS
Vulkanox® – antidegradants
LANXESS Rubber Chemicals offers a wide range of antidegradant products
for various applications. Depending on the chemical nature of the antide-
gradant it offers either antioxidative, antifatigue or antiozonant properties.
The group of para-phenylenediamines even combines all these properties.
Nevertheless, staining antidegradants can not be used in all applications, the
portfolio is therefore complemented by a number of non-staining grades.
Vulkanox® 4010 4020 4030 HS BHT BKF MB2 ZMB2 AFS
non staining
antioxidant
anti fatigue
antiozonant
Para-phenylenediamines Amin Mono- Bisphenols Mercaptobenzimidazols Olefins phenols
Product Vulkanox® 4010 NA/LG Vulkanox® 4020/LG Vulkanox® 4020 liquid Vulkanox® 4030
Chemical
composition
N-isopropyl-N‘-phenyl-p-
phenylenediamine
N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N‘-
phenyl-p-phenylenediamine
N,N‘-bis-(1,4-dimethylpentyl)-p-
phenylenediamine
International
abbreviationIPPD 6PPD 77PD
CAS Number 101-72-4 793-24-8 3081-14-9
Structure
Staining(1) 5-6 5-6 5-6 5
Density (g/cm3) 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9
Initial melting
point (°C)≥76 ≥45 solidificationpoint≥45 ––
Physical form brownish lentil-shaped
granules
brownish lentil-shaped
granules
dark brown liquid dark red liquid
Standard
packaging
25 kg paper
bags on pallets and FIBC
road or rail tanker 180 kg rolling channel
drums on pallets
Remarks
bestanti-flexcrackingeffect,
very good ozone protection,
good heat protection
anti-flexcrackingeffect,slightlylesseffectivecomparedto
Vulkanox® 4010 NA, good anti-aging properties, good
ozone protection
optimum ozone protection, anti
aging properties less effective
compared to Vulkanox® 4010
NA and 4020
Vulkanox® – antidegradants. Product range and typical properties
N
N
H
H
N
N
H
H
N
N
H
H
(1) 0 = no staining ->6 = very heavy staining
Page 24 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.24
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
0 7 14 21 days
none 4010 4020 4030
elo
ng
atio
n a
t b
reak
[%
]
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 7 14 21 days
none 4010 4020 4030
ten
sile
str
eng
th [
Mp
a]
NR, 21 bar oxygen at 70°C
NR, 21 bar oxygen at 70°C
NR, 200 pphm ozone, 23°C
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
10% 20% 30% elongation
none 4010 4020 4030
tim
e to
init
ial c
rack
ing
Applications
Car, truck, motorcycle, off-road and bicycle tires; technical goods subjected
to dynamic stress; spring components, conveyor and transmission belting,
hoses, seals; cable sheathings and insulations, inner tubes, roll covers.
n Extended time to initial crack formation
n Improved elongation properties
nTensilestrengthsignificantlyimproved
Page 25 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 25
Vulkanox® 4005 – stabilizer and antioxidant
Characteristics
n Vulkanox® 4005 is a stabilizer and antioxidant
nisusedintherefiningprocesstopreventgumformationingasoline
and as a short term stabilizer
nisusedatrefineriesandfuelterminalsstoragetankstoincreasethe
oxidation stability of fuels
n is used for biodiesel production to increase oxidation stability
n is used for blending mineral diesel with biodiesel to increase oxidation
stability
nisusedaspartofadditivepackagestomeetfuelspecification.Itisalso
usedtobringoff-specgasoline,dieselandheatingoilintospecification
n is very effective in unstabilized biodiesel B100 and mineral diesel/
biodiesel blends B20 and B7 (7% FAME)
Product Vulkanox® 4005
Chemical
compositionN,N‘-di-sec-butyl-p-phenylendiamin
International
abbreviation44PD
CAS Number 101-96-2
Structure
Density (g/cm3) (25°C) 0,9
Assay ≥96,0%
Ash content ≤0,10%
Volatile matter ≤0,50%
Viscosity (25°C) 45 mPa.s
Typical properties
N
N
H
H
Applications
Vulkanox® 4005 is used for the stabilization of predominantly fuels. LANXESS
holdsaNo-HarmCertificatefromGerman“ArbeitsgemeinschaftQualitätsma-
nagement Biodiesel eV” for Vulkanox® 4005 in Biodiesel applications. It is a
registered fuel additive per 40 CFR 79.21 with the United States Environ-
mental Protection Agency.
Performance Vulkanox® 4005 in Diesel B 7
30,0
35,0
40,0
45,0
50,0
55,0
60,0
70,0
75,0
65,0
0 50 100 150
Treatrate in ppm
Reference
Vulkanox® 4005
Ind
uct
ion
tim
e in
ho
urs
n Improved protection with Vulkanox® 4005 compared to conventional products
Performance Vulkanox® 4005 in Test Gasoline E10
Treatrate in ppm
0,0
20,0
40,0
60,0
80,0
100,0
120,0
140,0
160,0
180,0
200,0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
Reference
Vulkanox® 4005
Ind
uct
ion
tim
e in
min
ute
s P
etro
Oxy
AS
TM
D7
54
5
NR, 21 bar oxygen at 70°C
NR, 200 pphm ozone, 23°C
Page 26 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.26
Vulkanox® HS/LG – staining antioxidant
Characteristics
n excellent protection from oxygen and heat
n good protection from rubber poisons
nslightanti-flexcrackingeffect
n medium staining and little contact staining
n low volatility and low migration tendency
n in some cases antiozonant activity
Applications
Used in conjunction with p-phenylenediamines for heavily stressed tech-
nical goods and tires. Used for technical goods in general, e.g. roll covers,
buffers, conveyor and transmission belting, hoses, profiles, seals. Also
suitable for boots and footwear soles and heels. Usable as well in peroxide
and adiation crosslinked vulcanizates.
0
5
10
15
20
25
0 4 8 12 16 20 24 28days
at
100°C
wei
gh
t lo
ss [
%]
4030 (77PD)4010 (IPPD)4020 (6PPD)HS (TMQ)
Product Vulkanox® HS/LG
Chemical
composition
2,2,4-trimethyl-
1,2-dihydroquinoline, polymerized
International
abbreviationTMQ
CAS Number 26780-96-1
Structure
Staining(1) 3
Density (g/cm3) 1.1
Softening point(°C)
90
Physicalform
yellow to
brownish lentil-shaped granules
Standardpackaging
25 kg paper
bags on pallets and FIBC
Remarks
affords very good heat protection, especially
in conjunction with Vulkanox® or MB2;
improves the heat resistance of EPDM;
also suitable for latex
Typical properties
NH
NH
n
H
n Low volatility of TMQ compared to PPDs John et al., Kautsch.
Gummi Kunstst. 36, 363 (1983)
Page 27 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 27
Characteristics
n offer protection from oxygen, heat and unorientated crack formation
(crazing)
n to some extent effective against rubber poisons and fatigue, especially
when used with other antidegradants
n antioxidant activity strongly dependent on vulcanization system
n influence on vulcanization (retarding, cure activation or accelerating,
depending on vulcanization system)
(1) 0 = no staining ->6 = very heavy staining
n excellent synergistic effects in combination with other antioxidants
n non staining; brightening effect especially in transparent goods
n low volatility and extractability
n plasticising effect in compounds with zinc oxide
n mercaptobenzimidazoles are suitable for peroxide cured compounds
and latex
Product Vulkanox®
BKF
Vulkanox®
MB2/MG
Vulkanox®
MB2/MG-C
Vulkanox®
ZMB2/C-5
Chemical
composition
2,2‘-methylene--bis-
(4-methyl-6-tert.-butylphenol)
4- and 5-methyl-
2-mercaptobenzimidazole
zinc-4- and 5-methyl-
2-mercaptobenzimidazole
International
abbreviationBPH MMBI ZMMBI
CAS Number 119-47-1 53988-10-6 61617-00-3
Structure
Staining(1) 1 0 0
Density
(g/cm3)1.0 1.3 1.5
Initial
melting
point (°C)
≥124 approx. 270,
with decompositionapprox. 300, with decomposition
Physical
form
white to
beige-colored powder
white to
beige-colored micro-
granules
white to beige-colored
microgranules,
low dust
white to
beige-colored powder,
low dust
Standard
packaging
15 kg paper
bags on pallets
20 kg paper
bags on pallets
Remarks
moderate antioxidant effect, enhanced in
dithiocarbamate cured vulcanizates
a brightening effect, especially if goods
are transparent; used particularly
as synergists for other antiozonants; suitable for latex
Product range and typical properties
H
NS
N
Zn
2
Bisphenols and mercaptobenzimidazoles – non staining antioxidants
H
NSH
N
OHOH
Page 28 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.28
Applications
Vulkanox® BKF for light, colored and transparent articles, fabric proofing,
bathing goods, technical rubber goods. Also for goods which must not stain
objects or materials on contact, may show pinking effect in light colored
vulcanisates.
Vulkanox® MB2 and ZMB2 mainly for heat-resistant thiuram cured goods,
whiteandcoloredgoodssuchaslightcoloredfootwear,mats,floorcoverings,
light-colored hoses, white sidewalls, threads and profiles, as well as latex
goods produced by the solution dipping or foaming process.
0
20
40
60
80
100
0 5 10 15time [d]
none MB 2
BKF MB 2/BKF
rel.
ten
sile
str
eng
th [
%]
n Synergistic effect of bisphenols and mercaptobenzimidazoles in NR,
21 bar oxygen and 70°C
Page 29 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 29
Vulkazon® – Olefins - non staining antiozonants
Characteristics
n excellent protection from static ozone cracking
n antizonants for light-colored or black-containing vulcanizates which must
not stain through contact
nmostefficientwhenappliedincombinationwithwaxes
Vulkazon® AFS is particularly recommended for light-colored and non-
contact-staining goods based on CR. In case chloroprene is used as the
elastomeric material to manufacture e.g. timing belts and windshield wiper
blades, the basic resistance of chloroprene to ozone can be significantly
improved by the addition of 0.5 to 2.0 phr Vulkazon® AFS. It is used for
peroxide cured timing belts with high heat aging resistance, made from
hydrogenated nitrile rubber (HNBR).
Vulkazon® AFS
n usage with or without antiozonant wax possible
n highly effective (0,5 – 2 phr) in CR based rubbers, IIR, CIIR and BIIR even
in absence of wax
n no interference with peroxide curing systems
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
10 %
20 %
30 %
60 %
tim
e to
init
ial c
rack
ing
[h
]
none 1 phr IPPD 1 phr AFS
n CR, 1000 pphm ozone, 23°C,10-60% elongation
Product Vulkazon® AFS
Chemical composition cyclic acetal
International abbreviation ––
CAS Number 6600-31-1
Structure
Density (g/cm3) 1.06
Initial melting point (°C) ≥85
Physical form beige to brown lentil-shaped granules
Standard packaging 20 kg paper bags on pallets
Products and typical properties
O
O
O
O
Page 30 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety.30
Renacit® – peptizing agents
Characteristics
n highly effective polymer mastication agent
n substantially reducing mastication times, thus increasing mixing capacity
n reduction of energy consumption to reduce costs
n non-dusting chemical formulation and supply forms
Applications
Renacit® 11 or 11/WG are particularly recommended as peptizers for NR
but are also suitable for synthetic rubber. Renacit® 11 or 11/WG are mainly
used for mastication in internal mixers and mixing mills. Main advantages are
a reduction in energy consumption and improved mixing properties of the
compound.
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
with peptizer(0.15 pbw) ML-4 100°C: 50
without peptizerML-4 100°C: 53
Energy consumption45% reduced
Mastication Time [min]
Energy [kW]
n Advantage in energy consumption using Renacit® for mastication
Product Renacit® 11/WG Renacit® 11
Chemical
composition
2,2‘-dibenzamido-diphenyl-disulfide
with activating additive and binder
2,2‘-dibenzamido-diphenyl-disulfide
absorbed on clay, low dust
International
abbreviationDBD (40,5%) DBD (40,5%)
CAS Number 135-57-9
Structure
Density (g/cm3) 1.4 ––
Physical form blue-greenish wax granules grayish powder
Standard
packaging20 kg paper bags on pallets
Products and typical properties
O
Os s NHHN
SPECIALTIES
Page 31 of 32: This document contains important information and must be read in its entirety. 31
LANXESS Deutschland GmbH
Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII)
LANXESS Tower, 50569 Cologne, Germany
www.lanxess.com
Customers in the USA are kindly
requested to refer to:
LANXESS Corporation
Advanced Industrial Intermediates (AII)
Pittsburgh, PA 15275-1112, USA
www.lanxess.com
Additional information
Information concerning compliance with FDA and BfR regulations as also
hazard categories can be obtained on request.
Product safety:
Relevant safety data and references as well as the possibly necessary warning
labels are to be found in the corresponding safety data sheets.
Health and Safety Information:
Appropriate literature has been assembled which provides information
concerning the health and safety precautions that must be observed when
handling the LANXESS products mentioned in this publication. For materials
mentioned which are not LANXESS products, appropriate industrial hygiene
and other safety precautions recommended by their manufacturers should
be followed. Before working with any of these products, you must read
and become familiar with the available information on their hazards, proper
use and handling. This cannot be overemphasized. Information is available
in several forms, e.g., material safety data sheets and product labels. Consult
your LANXESS representative in Germany or contact the Industrial & Envi-
ronmental Affairs Department (IEA) of LANXESS Germany or - for business
in the USA - the LANXESS Product Safety and Regulatory Affairs Department
in Pittsburgh, PA.
Regulatory Compliance Information: Some of the end uses of the products
described in this publication must comply with applicable regulations, such
as the FDA, BfR, NSF, USDA, and CPSC. If you have any questions on the
regulatory status of these products, contact your LANXESS Corporation
representative, the LANXESS Regulatory Affairs Manager in Pittsburgh,
PA or the Industrial & Environmental Affairs Department (IEA) of LANXESS
Germany.
Forward-looking statements:
This product information contains forward-looking statements based on
current assumptions and forecasts made by the LANXESS AG manage-
ment. Various known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors
could lead to material differences between the actual future consolidated
results, financial situation, development or performance of the company,
and the estimates given here. The company assumes no liability to update
such forward-looking statements or to conform them to future events or
development.
Renacit®, Vulkacit®, Vulkanox® and Vulkazon® are registered trademarks of
LANXESS AG.
DISCLAIMER