MM5, RAMS, & CAMx Simulations of Summer-time Middle-East O 3 (Funding: USAID-MERC Program) [email protected]Shoukri Kasakseh †o , Robert Bornstein o , Erez Weinroth # ºSan Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA † Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem, Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestine # Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel Presented at the 86th AMS Annual Meeting Jan-Feb 2006 Atlanta, Georgia
23
Embed
MM5, RAMS, & CAMx Simulations of Summer- time Middle-East O 3 (Funding: USAID-MERC Program) [email protected] Shoukri Kasakseh †o, Robert Bornstein.
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
MM5, RAMS, & CAMx Simulations of Summer-time Middle-East O3
Shoukri Kasakseh†o, Robert Bornsteino, Erez Weinroth#
ºSan Jose State University, San Jose, CA, USA†Applied Research Institute-Jerusalem, Bethlehem, West Bank, Palestine
#Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
Presented at the
86th AMS Annual Meeting
Jan-Feb 2006
Atlanta, Georgia
Outline
• Background
• Synoptic-scale circulation patterns
• Obs of 03 mesoscale transport-patterns
• MM5 and RAMS met simulations
• CAMx 03 simulations
• Conclusions
• Future work
Middle East Synoptic Typesref: Dyan and Levy (2002), JGR
• Account for 74% of O3 episodes over region High pressure over eastern Med Sea (Spring): 25% Red sea trough over Israel (Fall): 29% Shallow Persian trough (Summer): 20% Five others + undefined: 26%
• Shallow Persian (thermal) troughs: produce high O3, as they are caped by N. African sub-tropical H, which produces: subsidence warming, stabilization, & shallow mixed layers sunshine and rapid photochemistry
• Current effort investigates a Persian trough occurrence that coincided with HUJI aircraft O3 observations
• Eastern-Med dominated by Low-p system inland lobe of Azores H thus split into W & NE segments • Protrusion from Western High penetrates inland to
Western Saudi Arabia
Obs IMS 700 hPa, July 29, 0000 UTC
*
700 hPa ECMWF: same day
L
L
H
H
ECMWF IC/BC captures position & strength of: L; split (W & NE) Highs; & protrusion from W high good upper IC/BC for RAMS/MM5
*
• Eastern edge of Azores High (1023 hPa): over Europe (NW of study region), with eastward (“projection”) ridge from its S-lobe; over center of study region• Sfc Persian Trough (“projection”) line (996 hPa): N of study area• E-W oriented cold-front to N: between H & Persian L
IMS SFC Obs, July 29, 0000 UTC
H
L
*H
Trough line
Ridge line
• ECMWF SFC Pressure (left): Correctly captures position & strength of H, Persian Trough Low, W-E cold front (grey area), & both “projections” (hard to see)
• ECMWF D-1 concurrent SFC V (right): dominated by “projections,” with counterclockwise flow N of area (over Med Sea) is influenced by eastern-L and clockwise flow S of area (Israel & Sinai) is influenced by South-lobe of western-H
• good SFC IC/BC for RAMS/MM5
H
L
H
L
H
3 4 .4 3 5 .0 3 5 .6
L O N G IT U D E (D eg E )
2 9 .6
3 0 .1
3 0 .6
3 1 .1
3 1 .6
3 2 .1
3 2 .6
3 3 .1
LA
TIT
UD
E (D
eg N
)
J eru sa lem
T el A v iv
H a ifa
W est B a n k
G a za S tr ip
3 4 .5 3 4 .8 3 5 .1 3 5 .4
L O N G IT U D E (D eg E )
O 3 s ta tio n lo ca tio n s
3 1 .1
3 1 .4
3 1 .7
3 2 .0
3 2 .3
3 2 .6
3 2 .9
LA
TIT
UD
E (
Deg
N)
12 3
4
56
7
8
9
1 0
11 1 21 31 4
1 5
1 6
5 0 m2 5 0 m7 5 0 m1 0 0 0 m
Available O3 sites (Left is sub-domain of MM5 Domain 2); ridge-lines shown
.
3 4 .5 3 4 .8 3 5 .1 3 5 .4
L O N G IT U D E (D eg E )
O 3 s ta tio n lo ca tio n s
3 1 .1
3 1 .4
3 1 .7
3 2 .0
3 2 .3
3 2 .6
3 2 .9
LA
TIT
UD
E (
Deg
N)
12 3
4
56
7
8
9
1 0
11 1 21 31 4
1 5
1 6
5 0 m2 5 0 m7 5 0 m1 0 0 0 m
O3 Station # Station Name
1 Kiryat Ata
2 Newe Shaanan (CU)
3 Nesher
4 Maapil (I)
5 Cent. Station
6Antokolski (CU)
7 Fire Dept.
8 Yavne Group
9 Oil Site
10 Modiin (I)
11 Ashdod
12 Gedera
13 Ashdod YA (CNU)
14 Ashdod Y
15 Ashkelon
16 Kiryat Gat
Sites: I = Inland, CU = Coastal Urban
CNU = Coastal Non-Urban
3 m /s
5 0 m2 5 0 m7 5 0 m1 0 0 0 m
Med
iterr
anea
n S e
a
3 4 .5 3 4 .8 3 5 .1 3 5 .4
L O N G IT U D E (D eg E )
1 0 m o b s sp eed (m /s) & O 3 a t 0 3 0 0 L S T o r 0 0 0 0 U T C o n 1 A u g
3 1 .5
3 1 .8
3 2 .1
3 2 .4
3 2 .7
3 3L
AT
ITU
DE
(D
eg N
)
H Flow Dir: weak down-slope off coastal mountains: for Coastal plain: offshore (to W) from W-facing slopes Haifa Pen. (square): offshore (to E ) from E- facing slopes Inland sites: directed inland (to E) from E-facing slopes
Low-O3 generally <40 ppb)Haifa still at 51 ppb
Night : 3 AM LST (00 UTC)
L
3 4 .5 3 4 .8 3 5 .1 3 5 .4
L O N G IT U D E (D eg E )
1 0 m o b s sp eed (m /s) a t 1 2 0 0 L S T o r 0 9 0 0 U T C o n 1 A u g
3 1 .5
3 1 .8
3 2 .1
3 2 .4
3 2 .7
3 3L
AT
ITU
DE
(D
eg N
)
3 m /s
5 0 m2 5 0 m7 5 0 m1 0 0 0 m
Med
iterr
anea
n S e
a
H
Winds: Reversed Stronger: up 6 m s-1
Coastal plain: Onshore/upwind, from SW Inland sites: Channeling (from W) in corridor (box): Tel-Aviv to Jerusalem (Modiin station). High daytime O3