`ASHURA * راء ............................................................................................................................... 65 Aashura ............................................................................................................................................. 65 THE ABASED PEOPLE * ا.......................................................................................................... 66 The Virtue of Abased People.............................................................................................................. 66 The Return of Power to the Abased People........................................................................................ 67 Spiritual Weakness ............................................................................................................................ 67 THE ACCOUNT ب ا........................................................................................................................... 68 The Account ...................................................................................................................................... 68 Enjoinment of Accounting for One’s Self ............................................................................................ 69 The Fruit of Taking Account of Oneself .............................................................................................. 69 The First Thing That Man Will Be Asked About ................................................................................... 70 That Which One is Not Accountable For............................................................................................. 70 That Which One Will be Held Accountable For ................................................................................... 71 That Which Will Make the Account Easier on the Day of Resurrection ............................................... 71 The Categories of People during the Account .................................................................................... 72 The Adverse Account ......................................................................................................................... 72 Those Whose Account Will Be Easy.................................................................................................... 73 Those Who Will Enter Paradise Without Accounting .......................................................................... 73 Those Who Will Enter the Fire Without Accounting ........................................................................... 74 ACTION ا.......................................................................................................................................... 75 Enjoinment of Action ......................................................................................................................... 75 Action and Recompense .................................................................................................................... 77 Maintenance of Continuous Action.................................................................................................... 77 The Best of Actions ............................................................................................................................ 78
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`ASHURA * -'= ............................................................................................................................... 65 Aashura............................................................................................................................................. 65 THE ABASED PEOPLE * - - -- -' .......................................................................................................... 66 The Virtue of Abased People.............................................................................................................. 66 The Return of Power to the Abased People........................................................................................ 67 Spiritual Weakness ............................................................................................................................ 67 THE ACCOUNT '- =' ........................................................................................................................... 68 The Account ...................................................................................................................................... 68 Enjoinment of Accounting for Ones Self............................................................................................ 69 The Fruit of Taking Account of Oneself .............................................................................................. 69 The First Thing That Man Will Be Asked About................................................................................... 70 That Which One is Not Accountable For............................................................................................. 70 That Which One Will be Held Accountable For................................................................................... 71 That Which Will Make the Account Easier on the Day of Resurrection............................................... 71 The Categories of People during the Account .................................................................................... 72 The Adverse Account......................................................................................................................... 72 Those Whose Account Will Be Easy.................................................................................................... 73 Those Who Will Enter Paradise Without Accounting.......................................................................... 73 Those Who Will Enter the Fire Without Accounting ........................................................................... 74 ACTION . - ' .......................................................................................................................................... 75 Enjoinment of Action......................................................................................................................... 75 Action and Recompense .................................................................................................................... 77 Maintenance of Continuous Action.................................................................................................... 77 The Best of Actions............................................................................................................................ 78 He Whose Deeds Do Not Benefit Him................................................................................................ 79 Deeds That One Must Be Cautious of................................................................................................. 80 Perfection of a Good Deed................................................................................................................. 81 The Exposition of Deeds .................................................................................................................... 81 The Book of Deeds............................................................................................................................. 82 Embodiment of Deeds ....................................................................................................................... 83 ADORNMENT -- ' ............................................................................................................................... 83 Adornment........................................................................................................................................ 83 The Best Adornment.......................................................................................................................... 84 AFFLICTION - -' -- ................................................................................................................................. 84 The Reward for (Enduring an) Affliction............................................................................................. 85 The Worst of Afflictions ..................................................................................................................... 85 To Say Indeed we belong to Allah and to Him do we indeed return when Struck with an Affliction. 86 The Etiquette of Dealing with an Affliction......................................................................................... 86 Factors that Ease Afflictions............................................................................................................... 87 Gloating at Anothers Affliction.......................................................................................................... 88 AGGRESSION -' ............................................................................................................................... 88 AGGRESSION..................................................................................................................................... 88 The Agressor ..................................................................................................................................... 89 Fighting Against Muslim Agressors..................................................................................................... 90 The Permission to Kill One Who Declares Enmity Towards the Im?m of the Muslims ......................... 90 AGRICULTURE = ' ........................................................................................................................... 91 The Divine Recommendation of Cultivation and Agriculture .............................................................. 91 ALCOHOL - =' ..................................................................................................................................... 92 Alcohol .............................................................................................................................................. 92 The Reason for the Prohibition of Alcohol.......................................................................................... 93 The Consequence of Drinking Alcohol................................................................................................ 93 Interacting with an Alcohol Drinker ................................................................................................... 93 How an Alcohol Drinker Will be Resurrected...................................................................................... 94 Enjoinment of Abandoning Alcohol even if it be for Other Than Allah................................................ 94 The Prohibition of That Which Produces the Same Effects as Alcohol ................................................ 94 ALLAH '' ............................................................................................................................................ 95 The Meaning of Allah......................................................................................................................... 95 Allah's Pleasure '' - .................................................................................................................... 96 Factors that Elicit Allah's Pleasure...................................................................................................... 96 Signs of Allah's Pleasure..................................................................................................................... 97 Pleasing People at the Expense of Allah's Displeasure........................................................................ 98 ALMS-TAX (zakat) ' '......................................................................................................................... 98 The Obligatory Alms-Tax.................................................................................................................... 98 The Role of the Alms-Tax in the Increase of Wealth........................................................................... 99 The One Who Refuses to Pay the Alms-Tax...................................................................................... 100 Those Who are Entitled to Receive the Alms-Tax ............................................................................. 101 There is a zakat for Everything * ...................................................................................................... 101 Obligatory Alms-Tax Payable on `Ahd al-Fitr **................................................................................ 102 AMICABLENESS - -' ........................................................................................................................ 103 Amicableness .................................................................................................................................. 103 AMITY -' `......................................................................................................................................... 105 Amity............................................................................................................................................... 105 There is no Good in Someone who Does not Like others, Nor Is He Liked by Them .......................... 105 ANGER - - ' ..................................................................................................................................... 106 Anger is the Key to All Evils.............................................................................................................. 106 Enjoinment of Controlling Ones Anger............................................................................................ 107 Enjoinment of Suppressing Ones Anger .......................................................................................... 107 The Remedy for Anger..................................................................................................................... 108 The Praiseworthiness of Anger for the Sake of Allah........................................................................ 108 ANIMALS - =' ................................................................................................................................. 109 The Rights of Animals ...................................................................................................................... 109 THE ANSWER =' ........................................................................................................................... 111 [ALLAHS] ANTIPATHY . -' ............................................................................................................... 112 Those Whom Allah Despises ............................................................................................................ 112 The People Allah Despises Most ...................................................................................................... 114 Acts Despised By Allah..................................................................................................................... 117 Malice ............................................................................................................................................. 118 ANXIETY - - ...................................................................................................................................... 118 Warning Against Anxiety.................................................................................................................. 118 ASCETICISM - '................................................................................................................................ 119 The Virtue of Asceticism.................................................................................................................. 120 The Real Meaning of Asceticism....................................................................................................... 120 Qualities of the One Who Practices Asceticism................................................................................ 121 Factors that Elicit Asceticism............................................................................................................ 122 The Benefits of Asceticism............................................................................................................... 123 The Most Abstemious of People ...................................................................................................... 124 ASSURANCE '-` ............................................................................................................................... 125 Assurance........................................................................................................................................ 125 Adhering To Sureties ....................................................................................................................... 126 Respecting Covenants of Protection ................................................................................................ 126 BACKBITING -- ' ................................................................................................................................ 127 Prohibition of Backbiting ................................................................................................................. 127 Backbiting and Faith ........................................................................................................................ 128 The Meaning of Backbiting .............................................................................................................. 129 People whom one is allowed to Backbite......................................................................................... 130 Listening to Backbiting..................................................................................................................... 131 The Reward for Deterring Backbiting ............................................................................................... 131 The Penance for Backbiting ............................................................................................................. 132 BANES * '` .................................................................................................................................... 132 THE BATHHOUSE ' - =' ....................................................................................................................... 142 The Bathhouse ................................................................................................................................ 142 BEAUTY '- ='..................................................................................................................................... 143 Allah is Beautiful and He Loves Beauty............................................................................................. 143 The Beautiful Image......................................................................................................................... 144 Honoring Ones Hair ........................................................................................................................ 145 Inner Beauty.................................................................................................................................... 145 BETRAYAL -'- =' ................................................................................................................................. 146 Betrayal ........................................................................................................................................... 146 Explanation of Betrayal and the Betrayer......................................................................................... 147 The Peak of Betrayal ........................................................................................................................ 148 THE BLESSING -'............................................................................................................................ 148 The Blessed ..................................................................................................................................... 148 That Which Brings Blessing And That Which Removes It .................................................................. 149 BRIBERY - '.................................................................................................................................... 149 Bribery ............................................................................................................................................ 150 THE BROTHER ` .............................................................................................................................. 151 The Believers Are Brothers .............................................................................................................. 151 True Brothers .................................................................................................................................. 152 Brothers Amity ............................................................................................................................... 152 That Which Ensures the Endurance of Amity ................................................................................... 153 Brotherhood for the Sake of Allah ................................................................................................... 153 Brotherhood For The Sake Of This World......................................................................................... 154 Informing Ones Brother Of Ones Love [For Him] ............................................................................ 155 Ones Amity for Another is a Proof of Reciprocity ............................................................................ 156 Cutting Off Relations with Brothers ................................................................................................. 156 Maintaining Brotherhood ................................................................................................................ 157 Types of Brothers ............................................................................................................................ 157 Warning Against Some Forms Of Brotherhood................................................................................. 158 Preserving Old Brotherhood ............................................................................................................ 159 Real Brotherhood ............................................................................................................................ 160 Choosing a Brother.......................................................................................................................... 160 Tolerating the Lapse of a Brother..................................................................................................... 161 The Best of Brothers........................................................................................................................ 161 The Worst of Brothers ..................................................................................................................... 163 Testing Brothers .............................................................................................................................. 163 Advising Brothers ............................................................................................................................ 164 Honoring and Glorifying Ones Brothers........................................................................................... 165 Fulfilling Brothers Needs................................................................................................................. 165 The Etiquette of Brotherhood.......................................................................................................... 166 BRUSHING ONE'S TEETH -' ........................................................................................................... 167 Enjoinment of Brushing One's Teeth................................................................................................ 167 The Benefits of Brushing One's Teeth .............................................................................................. 168 Etiquette of Brushing Teeth............................................................................................................. 169 THE CALL FOR PRAYER (adhan) `................................................................................................... 169 The Call for Prayer ........................................................................................................................... 170 The Caller to Prayer ......................................................................................................................... 170 Reciting the Call for Prayer in the Ears ............................................................................................. 171 CAPTIVE --` .................................................................................................................................... 171 Surrendering Oneself to Captivity is Not Allowed............................................................................. 171 Treatment Of The Prisoner Of War .................................................................................................. 172 CHARACTER ' ='................................................................................................................................ 172 Good Naturedness (Character) ........................................................................................................ 173 The Consequences of Good Naturedness......................................................................................... 173 Explanation of Good Naturedness.................................................................................................... 174 High Moral Virtues........................................................................................................................... 175 Explanation of Noble Moral Traits.................................................................................................... 175 The Best of the Noble Moral Traits .................................................................................................. 176 The Fruits of Good Naturedness ...................................................................................................... 176 Ill Nature ......................................................................................................................................... 177 The Final Outcome of the Ill-natured Person.................................................................................... 178 The Best Virtues .............................................................................................................................. 178 The Link Between Various Traits ...................................................................................................... 179 CHARITY - -' ................................................................................................................................... 179 The Virtue of Charity ....................................................................................................................... 180 Allahs Firsthand Receipt of Charities............................................................................................... 180 Charity and Repelling Adversities..................................................................................................... 181 Charity is the Key to (Increased) Sustenance.................................................................................... 181 Every Kindly Act is Considered Charity ............................................................................................. 182 The Best Form of Charity ................................................................................................................. 183 The Virtue of Giving Charity in Secret and Its Good Effects............................................................... 185 The Amount of Charity to be Given.................................................................................................. 186 The Recipients of Charity................................................................................................................. 186 The Etiquette of Giving.................................................................................................................... 187 CHEERFULNESS - -'........................................................................................................................... 187 THE CHIEF - - -' ................................................................................................................................... 189 The Chief ......................................................................................................................................... 189 Requirements of Chiefdom.............................................................................................................. 190 Factors that Repel Chiefdom............................................................................................................ 190 CHILDHOOD -'.............................................................................................................................. 191 Childhood........................................................................................................................................ 191 CLEMENCY ' =' .................................................................................................................................. 192 Clemency......................................................................................................................................... 192 What Brings About Clemency .......................................................................................................... 193 The Fruits of Clemency .................................................................................................................... 193 The Interpretation of Clemency....................................................................................................... 194 Clemency During Anger ................................................................................................................... 194 COMFORT = ' ................................................................................................................................. 195 Factors that Bring About Comfort .................................................................................................... 195 Seeking Comfort in This World......................................................................................................... 196 COMMERCE '= -'.............................................................................................................................. 196 Commerce....................................................................................................................................... 196 Abandoning Commerce ................................................................................................................... 197 The Etiquette Of Trading.................................................................................................................. 197 The Prohibition Of Cheating [By Giving Less Than Due] In Trade ...................................................... 199 Enjoinment Upon The Trader To Give Charity .................................................................................. 199 Leniency In Selling And Buying......................................................................................................... 199 Bargaining ....................................................................................................................................... 200 Equality Between One Who Bargains And One Who Does Not ......................................................... 200 The Profit Of A Believer From Another............................................................................................. 200 The Iniquity Of Merchants ............................................................................................................... 201 The Merchants Veracity.................................................................................................................. 201 The One Who Promotes His Commodity By Oaths ........................................................................... 202 The Trade Of The Hereafter ............................................................................................................. 202 Trading Does Not Divert The Believer .............................................................................................. 203 Trade And Religion .......................................................................................................................... 204 COMMON COURTESY * -'.......................................................................................................... 204 Common Courtesy........................................................................................................................... 204 Enjoinment of Spreading Kindness to Both Good and Bad People.................................................... 205 Circulation of Good Acts From Hand to Hand................................................................................... 206 Prohibition of Making Someone Feel Obliged for an Act of Courtesy................................................ 206 Completion of a Good Act................................................................................................................ 207 Prohibition of Holding Acts of Common Courtesy in Contempt ........................................................ 207 The Mark of Acceptance of a Good Act ............................................................................................ 208 The Reward for Good Acts............................................................................................................... 208 COMPASSION* = ' .......................................................................................................................... 209 The Enjoinment of Compassion Towards One Another .................................................................... 209 Those That Are Most Deserving of Compassion ............................................................................... 210 CONDEMNATION -- -' ...................................................................................................................... 211 The Censure of Condemnation ........................................................................................................ 211 CONDOLENCE - -' .......................................................................................................................... 212 Condoling with one who is Grief-Stricken ........................................................................................ 212 What to Say When Giving Condolences to a Grief-Stricken Person................................................... 213 Congratulating the Grief-Stricken is More Appropriate than Condoling Him..................................... 213 THE CONGREGATION ='- ='............................................................................................................... 214 Allahs Hand Is With The Congregation ............................................................................................ 214 The Interpretation of Congregation ................................................................................................. 214 CONJECTURE . ='............................................................................................................................... 215 Conjecture and Reason.................................................................................................................... 215 Look for the Best in Any Situation Involving a Fellow Brother........................................................... 216 The Virtue in Entertaining Good Opinions........................................................................................ 216 Caution against Entertaining Low or Suspicious Opinions................................................................. 217 Avoiding That Which Incites Suspicious Thoughts ............................................................................ 218 Instances When Suspicion is Allowed............................................................................................... 218 CONSANGUINAL RELATIONS = ' ...................................................................................................... 219 Reconciliation with One's Kin........................................................................................................... 219 The Benefits of Maintaing Relations With Ones Kin......................................................................... 220 Reconciling With One Who Cuts You Off.......................................................................................... 221 Caution against Cutting Ties With One's Kin..................................................................................... 221 The Least One Can Do To Maintain Relations With One's Kin........................................................... 221 CORRUPTION '- -' ............................................................................................................................. 222 That Which Corrupts People in General ........................................................................................... 222 Who are the Corruptors?................................................................................................................. 223 That Which Repels Corruption......................................................................................................... 223 COUNSEL -'.................................................................................................................................. 224 Enjoinment of Consultation............................................................................................................. 224 People Whose Counsel Should Not Be Sought ................................................................................. 225 People Whose Counsel is Worthy of Being Sought ........................................................................... 225 Enjoinment of Guiding One Who Seeks Your Counsel ...................................................................... 225 The Role of the Counsel in Government........................................................................................... 226 COURAGE ='= -' ............................................................................................................................... 227 Courage........................................................................................................................................... 227 That Which Engenders Courage....................................................................................................... 227 The Most Courageous of People...................................................................................................... 228 The Bane of Courage ....................................................................................................................... 229 COVENANT -+ ' .................................................................................................................................. 229 THE COVENANT............................................................................................................................... 230 COVETOUSNESS =' ...................................................................................................................... 232 Covetousness .................................................................................................................................. 232 The Covetous................................................................................................................................... 232 The Elements of Covetousness ........................................................................................................ 234 COWARDICE .- =' ............................................................................................................................... 235 Cowardice ....................................................................................................................................... 235 CREATION -' =' .................................................................................................................................. 236 The Origin of Creation ..................................................................................................................... 236 The First Thing that Allah Glory be to Him Created..................................................................... 236 The Creation of the World............................................................................................................... 237 The Greatness of What is Hidden from Us of Creation ..................................................................... 238 THE CREATOR '' =' ............................................................................................................................ 238 The Call of the Intellect to Repel Probable Harm.............................................................................. 238 Affirmation of the Existence of the Creator...................................................................................... 239 Attributing Creation to Nature......................................................................................................... 242 DEBT .- -' ........................................................................................................................................... 243 Beware of Debt ............................................................................................................................... 243 Permission to Incur Debt when in Need........................................................................................... 243 Encouragement to Write a Contract for Any Loan............................................................................ 244 Prohibition of the Postponement of Repaying Debts........................................................................ 244 DELUSION ' ................................................................................................................................ 245 The Censure of Delusion.................................................................................................................. 245 Deluding Oneself about Allah .......................................................................................................... 246 Being Deluded By This World........................................................................................................... 246 Self-Delusion ................................................................................................................................... 247 DIFFERENCES ` -=` ......................................................................................................................... 247 Mankind Were a Single (Religious) Community................................................................................ 247 Encouragement to Discard Differences............................................................................................ 248 Explanation of The Separation of My Community is a Mercy.......................................................... 248 Explanation of Congregation and Separation ................................................................................... 249 The Cause of Separation.................................................................................................................. 249 DISGRACE ' -' .................................................................................................................................... 250 Disgrace .......................................................................................................................................... 250 A Believer Must Never Disgrace Himself .......................................................................................... 251 That Which Brings About Disgrace................................................................................................... 251 THE DISPUTE - =' ............................................................................................................................. 252 Blameworthy Dispute...................................................................................................................... 253 Positive Debating............................................................................................................................. 253 DIVINE MERCY -= '.......................................................................................................................... 253 Allah's Divine Mercy ........................................................................................................................ 254 Factors that Elicit Allah's Mercy ....................................................................................................... 254 DIVORCE ` ='................................................................................................................................... 255 The Censure of Divorce.................................................................................................................... 255 The Wisdom in Restricting the Divorce to Three Times .................................................................... 256 DOUBT = -'........................................................................................................................................ 257 Doubt .............................................................................................................................................. 257 Causes and Effects of Doubt ............................................................................................................ 258 Factors That Dispel Doubt................................................................................................................ 259 The Aspects of Doubt ...................................................................................................................... 259 DREAMS '- '..................................................................................................................................... 260 Glad Tidings in Dreams .................................................................................................................... 260 Categories of Dreams ...................................................................................................................... 260 Interpretation of Dreams................................................................................................................. 261 ELOQUENCE =` -' ............................................................................................................................. 261 The Most Eloquent Speech.............................................................................................................. 262 Manipulation Through Speech......................................................................................................... 263 EMPLOYMENT '=`.......................................................................................................................... 263 Employment.................................................................................................................................... 263 Divine Disapproval Of Offering Oneself for Hiring ............................................................................ 264 Employment Agents ........................................................................................................................ 264 Wronging The Worker ..................................................................................................................... 264 Informing [The Worker] Of Wages And The Etiquette Of Payment ................................................... 265 THE END - -'=' ................................................................................................................................... 265 The End........................................................................................................................................... 265 What Brings About a Good Final Outcome....................................................................................... 266 ENJOINING GOOD AND PROHIBITING WRONG .................................................................................... 267 - -' . = + -' -'' - -`.................................................................................................................. 267 Enjoining Good and Prohibiting Wrong............................................................................................ 267 The Danger in Abandoning the Enjoinment of Good and the Prohibition of Wrong.......................... 268 He Who Contents Himself with a Peoples (Wrong) Action............................................................... 269 The Conditions to Be Observed by One Who Enjoins Good .............................................................. 269 The Lowest Level of Prohibition of Wrong........................................................................................ 270 ENMITY - ' ..................................................................................................................................... 271 Prohibition of Showing Enmity towards Anyone .............................................................................. 271 The Seed of Enmity.......................................................................................................................... 272 One Who Must Be Considered an Enemy......................................................................................... 272 Your Archenemy.............................................................................................................................. 273 Caution Against Feeling Secure from Ones Enemy .......................................................................... 273 Reconciling With Ones Enemies...................................................................................................... 274 How to Arm Oneself Against Enemies.............................................................................................. 274 Peoples Hostility Towards That Which They are Ignorant of............................................................ 274 EVIL -' ............................................................................................................................................. 274 The Yardstick of Good and Evil......................................................................................................... 275 Worse than Evil ............................................................................................................................... 275 The Keys to All Evils ......................................................................................................................... 276 The Merging of Evils ........................................................................................................................ 276 Man's Natural Tendency for Evil ...................................................................................................... 276 EXPECTATION . -` ............................................................................................................................. 277 Expectation is a Mercy..................................................................................................................... 277 Expectations Never Cease................................................................................................................ 278 Warning Against False Expectations................................................................................................. 278 Expectation and Death .................................................................................................................... 280 The Results of High Expectations ..................................................................................................... 281 Low Expectation.............................................................................................................................. 282 Prohibition of Placing Ones Expectation in Other than Allah ........................................................... 282 EXPERIENCE - = -' ............................................................................................................................. 283 Experience....................................................................................................................................... 283 Experience And Reason ................................................................................................................... 284 EXTREMISM (IN RELIGION) * ' ' ....................................................................................................... 284 Caution against Extremism (in Religion) ........................................................................................... 285 FAITH '--`....................................................................................................................................... 287 Faith (Iman) and Islam..................................................................................................................... 287 The Reality of Faith.......................................................................................................................... 288 Faith and Action .............................................................................................................................. 290 Faith and Sins .................................................................................................................................. 291 That Which Completes Faith............................................................................................................ 292 Increase of Faith.............................................................................................................................. 293 The Levels of Faith........................................................................................................................... 294 The Pillars of Faith........................................................................................................................... 295 The Strongest Bonds of Faith........................................................................................................... 296 Steadfast and Temporary Faith........................................................................................................ 296 That Which Consolidates Faith......................................................................................................... 297 The Taste of Faith............................................................................................................................ 297 Inability to Taste the Sweetness of Faith.......................................................................................... 298 That Which Removes One from Faith............................................................................................... 299 That Which Repels Faith .................................................................................................................. 299 The Great Status of the Believer ...................................................................................................... 300 The Believers Are As One Body ........................................................................................................ 301 Who is the Believer?........................................................................................................................ 301 The Firmness of the Believer............................................................................................................ 305 Everything is in Awe of the Believer................................................................................................. 306 The Scarcity of the [True] Believer ................................................................................................... 306 The Signs of the Believer.................................................................................................................. 307 The Best of Believers ....................................................................................................................... 307 The Merit of One Who Believes in the Prophet without Having Seen Him........................................ 308 FALSEHOOD . ='-'.............................................................................................................................. 308 Falsehood........................................................................................................................................ 308 Discerning The Truth From Falsehood.............................................................................................. 309 The Truth Disguised As Falsehood.................................................................................................... 310 Falsehood Cannot be Ascertained as the Truth................................................................................ 310 FAME + -'......................................................................................................................................... 311 Praiseworthy Fame.......................................................................................................................... 311 Blameworthy Fame ......................................................................................................................... 311 The Censure of Clothing or Acts of Worship That Draw Attention .................................................... 312 FASTING -'..................................................................................................................................... 313 Fasting............................................................................................................................................. 313 Enjoinment of Fasting of Ones Own Accord .................................................................................... 315 The Etiquette of Fasting................................................................................................................... 315 The Virtue of Fasting in Hot and Cold Weather ................................................................................ 316 THE FAULT -- ' .................................................................................................................................. 317 Praise for One Whose Own Fault Preoccupies Him from Finding Fault in Others .............................. 317 The Censure of Preoccupying Oneself with Others Faults Whilst Flattering Oneself ........................ 318 Concealing Faults............................................................................................................................. 318 Conferring Someone s Faults to Them ............................................................................................ 319 Pursuit of People s Faults................................................................................................................ 320 Covering Up Faults........................................................................................................................... 321 He Who is Ignorant of Something Finds Fault With It ....................................................................... 322 FEAR ='......................................................................................................................................... 322 Fear................................................................................................................................................. 322 The Believer Lies between Two Fears .............................................................................................. 323 The Marks of the Fearful One .......................................................................................................... 324 Explanation of Fear.......................................................................................................................... 325 The Fruits of Fear............................................................................................................................. 325 Caution Against Fearing Other than Allah ........................................................................................ 326 How One Should React When in Fear of Something Awesome......................................................... 327 Miscellaneous.................................................................................................................................. 327 FEEDING OTHERS ' = ` ..................................................................................................................... 328 The Virtue of Feeding a Hungry Person............................................................................................ 328 `AID THE FESTIVAL --' .................................................................................................................... 329 `Aid The Festival ........................................................................................................................... 329 Nayruz............................................................................................................................................. 330 The Adornment of the Festivals ....................................................................................................... 331 FOOD .`......................................................................................................................................... 332 Little [Consumption of] Food ........................................................................................................... 332 Eating Excessively............................................................................................................................ 332 Among The Vices Of Gluttony .......................................................................................................... 333 Hunger ............................................................................................................................................ 334 Balance of Eating............................................................................................................................. 335 Table Manners................................................................................................................................. 336 FOOLISHNESS - =' ............................................................................................................................ 338 Foolishness...................................................................................................................................... 338 The Characteristics of a Fool ............................................................................................................ 339 Taking the Fool as a Companion ...................................................................................................... 340 The Most Foolish of People.............................................................................................................. 340 Answering the Fool.......................................................................................................................... 341 FORNICATION '- ' .............................................................................................................................. 341 Prohibition of Fornication................................................................................................................ 341 Consequences of Fornication........................................................................................................... 342 Every Limb Has Its Own Share of Fornication ................................................................................... 343 FREEDOM - =' ................................................................................................................................. 343 Freedom.......................................................................................................................................... 343 All People Are Free .......................................................................................................................... 344 The Distinguishing Trait of the Free ................................................................................................. 344 FRIDAY - ='...................................................................................................................................... 345 Friday .............................................................................................................................................. 345 Bathing On Friday............................................................................................................................ 346 THE FRIDAY PRAYER - =' ` -.......................................................................................................... 346 The Friday Prayer............................................................................................................................. 346 Etiquette of Listening to the Sermon ............................................................................................... 347 THE FRIEND - - -' ............................................................................................................................. 347 The Friend ....................................................................................................................................... 347 Resemblance of Souls...................................................................................................................... 348 People Whom One Should Befriend................................................................................................. 348 People Whom One Must Not Befriend............................................................................................. 349 That Which Corrupts a Friendship.................................................................................................... 350 The Extent of Ones Friendship ........................................................................................................ 351 The Best of Companions .................................................................................................................. 352 The Right of Ones Companion......................................................................................................... 353 GENEROSITY '= -' ............................................................................................................................. 353 Generosity....................................................................................................................................... 353 The Generous Person ...................................................................................................................... 354 The Extent of Generosity Recommended......................................................................................... 355 GOOD - ='......................................................................................................................................... 356 Good ............................................................................................................................................... 356 Actions encompassed by Goodness ................................................................................................. 357 How the Good of this World and the Hereafter is Obtained............................................................. 358 Explanation of Good........................................................................................................................ 359 When Allah Wants Good for a Servant............................................................................................. 359 If Allah Wants Good for a Community.............................................................................................. 360 Enjoinment of Hastening to Undertake Good Deeds........................................................................ 361 The Best of Matters ......................................................................................................................... 362 Prohibition of Contempt for Little Good........................................................................................... 362 The Criteria for Good and Evil .......................................................................................................... 363 The Characteristics of Good People ................................................................................................. 363 What is Better Than Goodness......................................................................................................... 364 The Worth of One Who Guides Towards Good ................................................................................ 364 THE GOOD DEED - - =' ....................................................................................................................... 364 The Good Deed................................................................................................................................ 365 Multiple Requital of Good Deeds ..................................................................................................... 365 Good-Doing......................................................................................................................................... 365 Good-Doing..................................................................................................................................... 366 Good-Doing to the Wrongdoer ........................................................................................................ 366 The Meaning of Good-Doing............................................................................................................ 367 He Who Does Good Benefits His Own Soul ...................................................................................... 367 The Consequence of the Polytheists Acts of Good........................................................................... 368 GOOD MANNERS ` ....................................................................................................................... 368 Good Manners................................................................................................................................. 368 Good Manners and the Mind........................................................................................................... 370 Disciplining The Self......................................................................................................................... 371 That Which Brings About Good Manners ......................................................................................... 372 The Effects of Good Manner ............................................................................................................ 372 Explaining Good Manners................................................................................................................ 373 The Best Manners............................................................................................................................ 374 Encouraging The Teaching Of Good Manners To Children................................................................ 374 How To Teach Good Manners.......................................................................................................... 375 What Must Be Observed When Teaching Good Manners................................................................. 376 Disciplining Oneself By The Discipline Of Allah................................................................................. 377 Allahs Discipline.............................................................................................................................. 378 GOOD REPUTE ' ......................................................................................................................... 378 Enjoinment of Keeping Up Ones Reputation................................................................................... 378 The Reward for Refraining from Tarnishing Fellow Muslims Reputations ........................................ 379 The Reward for Defending the Reputation of a Fellow Muslim......................................................... 379 GOVERNMENT '-` .......................................................................................................................... 379 The Necessity Of Government ......................................................................................................... 380 The Rule Of Wicked People.............................................................................................................. 382 The Value of Government................................................................................................................ 382 THE GREATER JIHAD -` '+ =' .......................................................................................................... 383 Forms of Jihad ................................................................................................................................. 383 Enjoinment of Combatting the Self .................................................................................................. 384 The Greater Jihad ............................................................................................................................ 385 What is Necessary for Combatting the Self ...................................................................................... 385 The Fruit of Struggle ........................................................................................................................ 386 GREED - =' ....................................................................................................................................... 386 Reprehension of Greed.................................................................................................................... 387 Praiseworthy Avidity........................................................................................................................ 388 THE HABIT '' .................................................................................................................................. 389 The Habit......................................................................................................................................... 389 Overcoming the Habit...................................................................................................................... 391 The Difficulty of Removing a Habit................................................................................................... 392 HABITUAL PRACTICE - -' ................................................................................................................... 392 Enjoinment of Adopting (Good) Habitual Practices .......................................................................... 392 The Recompense of One Who Establishes a Habitual Practice.......................................................... 393 Prohibition of Discontinuing a Good Practice................................................................................... 393 THE PILGRIMAGE (HAJJ) - =' .............................................................................................................. 393 The [Obligatory] Pilgrimage (Hajj) .................................................................................................... 393 The Philosophy of the Pilgrimage..................................................................................................... 394 Pilgrimage Repels Poverty ............................................................................................................... 395 That Which Completes the Pilgrimage ............................................................................................. 396 The Consequence of Abandoning the Obligatory Pilgrimage ............................................................ 397 Deferring [Pilgrimage] to the House................................................................................................. 397 The Scarcity of [Sincere] Pilgrims ..................................................................................................... 398 The Etiquette of the Pilgrim............................................................................................................. 398 The Respect due to Ihram................................................................................................................ 398 The Reward of One Who Dies on the Way to Hajj ............................................................................ 399 The Presence of the Hidden Imam [al-Mahdi] during Hajj ................................................................ 400 HAPPINESS -'............................................................................................................................... 400 What To Be Happy About ................................................................................................................ 400 The Basics of Happiness................................................................................................................... 401 One Who Fills Others' Hearts With Happiness.................................................................................. 401 Whoever Makes Another Believer Happy Makes Allah Happy.......................................................... 402 The Reward for Alleviating a Fellow Believer of His Sorrows ............................................................ 402 HARM --`........................................................................................................................................ 403 Abstaining from Harm ..................................................................................................................... 403 Harm............................................................................................................................................... 403 Harming a Believer .......................................................................................................................... 404 HASTE ' = '........................................................................................................................................ 404 Haste............................................................................................................................................... 405 Rushing to Do Good Deeds .............................................................................................................. 405 Hell - + = ............................................................................................................................................. 406 Hell.................................................................................................................................................. 406 The Chains and Shackles of Hell ....................................................................................................... 406 The Garments of the People of the Fire ........................................................................................... 407 The Food of the People of the Fire................................................................................................... 407 The Drink of the People of the Fire .................................................................................................. 407 The First to Enter the Fire ................................................................................................................ 408 The People with the Least Pain........................................................................................................ 408 The People with the Greatest Pain................................................................................................... 408 The Valley of the Arrogant ............................................................................................................... 409 Those Who Will Be Made to Remain in Hell Permanently ................................................................ 409 Those Who Will Leave the Fire......................................................................................................... 409 The Reason for Perpetuity in Hell..................................................................................................... 410 HOARDING ' -=` ............................................................................................................................. 410 Hoarding ......................................................................................................................................... 410 The Hoarder .................................................................................................................................... 412 HONOR ' ....................................................................................................................................... 414 The Explanation of Honor ................................................................................................................ 414 Factors that Elicit Honor .................................................................................................................. 415 That Which Causes Honor To Last.................................................................................................... 416 HOPE '= ' ........................................................................................................................................ 417 Enjoinment of True Hope................................................................................................................. 417 Caution Against Placing One's Hopes in Anyone Other Than Allah ................................................... 418 HOSPITALITY '- -' ............................................................................................................................ 418 Hospitality ....................................................................................................................................... 418 People Who One Should Invite as Guests......................................................................................... 419 Enjoinment of Accepting the Invitation of a Fellow Believer............................................................. 419 Making a Special Effort for Ones Guest ........................................................................................... 420 The Etiquette of Hospitality ............................................................................................................. 421 HOUSING . - -' ................................................................................................................................. 422 Spacious Housing............................................................................................................................. 422 Caution Against Building More Housing Than Necessary for One's Living......................................... 422 Selling a House ................................................................................................................................ 423 HUMILITY - =' ................................................................................................................................ 423 Humility........................................................................................................................................... 424 The Characteristics of the Humble ................................................................................................... 424 IDLENESS -' ................................................................................................................................... 424 Idleness ........................................................................................................................................... 425 IGNORANCE .+ =' ............................................................................................................................... 427 Ignorance ........................................................................................................................................ 427 The Ignorant.................................................................................................................................... 428 The Most Ignorant of People ........................................................................................................... 430 What is Sufficient to be Considered Ignorant ................................................................................... 430 The Interpretation of Ignorance....................................................................................................... 431 Man is Averse To What He is Ignorant of ......................................................................................... 432 IMPRISONMENT . - =' ........................................................................................................................ 432 Those Who May Be Imprisoned....................................................................................................... 433 Jailing the Warrantor until the Return of the Warranted.................................................................. 433 The One Imprisoned for Life ............................................................................................................ 434 Imprisonment after Punishment and Acknowledgment of the Truth................................................ 434 The Rights of the Prisoner................................................................................................................ 434 INFALLIBILITY -- ' ........................................................................................................................... 435 Infallibility ....................................................................................................................................... 435 Factors that Bring About Sinlessness................................................................................................ 436 The Infallibility of the Imam............................................................................................................. 437 INFATUATION - ' ............................................................................................................................ 438 The Reprehensibility of Infatuation.................................................................................................. 438 The Reward for One Who Despite His Infatuation Restrains Himself ................................................ 439 Infatuation with Allah...................................................................................................................... 439 INNER KNOWLEDGE * -' ............................................................................................................... 439 The Importance of Inner Knowledge................................................................................................ 440 Impediments to Inner Knowledge.................................................................................................... 440 The Inner Knowledge of the Self ...................................................................................................... 441 INNER KNOWLEDGE OF ALLAH '' -.............................................................................................. 443 The Virtue of Attaining Inner Knowledge of Allah............................................................................. 443 The Fruits of Inner Knowledge of Allah ............................................................................................ 444 The Description of the One who Knows Allah [or the Gnostic] ......................................................... 445 The Lowest Degree of Inner Knowledge........................................................................................... 446 Attaining Inner Knowledge of Allah Through Allah Himself............................................................... 446 Prohibition of Pondering About Allahs Essence............................................................................... 447 The Intellects Incapacity to Fathom His Essence.............................................................................. 448 The Extent to Which One is Allowed to Describe Allah..................................................................... 449 [Faith and Inner Knowledge of] The Divine Unity of Allah (tawhid)................................................... 450 The Proof of Allahs Divine Unity...................................................................................................... 451 The Sights Cannot Apprehend Him but The Hearts Behold Him........................................................ 453 Eternal and Everlasting.................................................................................................................... 454 Living (Omnipresent) ....................................................................................................................... 455 All-Knowing (Omniscient) ................................................................................................................ 455 Just.................................................................................................................................................. 456 The Creator ..................................................................................................................................... 457 All-Powerful (Omnipotent) .............................................................................................................. 458 The Speaker..................................................................................................................................... 459 The One Who Wills.......................................................................................................................... 459 The Manifest and the Hidden .......................................................................................................... 459 The Master...................................................................................................................................... 460 The All-Hearing and The All-Seeing .................................................................................................. 460 The Subtle and The All-Aware.......................................................................................................... 461 The All-Strong and The Almighty...................................................................................................... 461 The All-Wise .............................................................................................
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