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Miya Ando
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Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

May 30, 2020

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Page 1: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Miya Ando

Page 2: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

ミヤ・アンドウは 1973年カリフォルニア州ロサンゼルス生まれ。カリフォルニア大学バークレー校で東アジア学の学士号を取得後、イェール大学で仏教に関する図像学を学び、さらに岡山県の金工師の下で技術を習得しました。アンドウは鉄、アルミ、木などさまざまな素材を使い、

抽象的な絵画や彫刻、インスタレーションなどを制作しています。彼女はポスト・ミニマリストとしても知られており、代表的なものとして金属の平面に色彩を施した作品があります。鋼鉄やアルミニウムに熱を加え、色を重ね、ラッカーや薬品を塗り、研磨し、さらに磨いて艶を出すことで、それら金属の表面には海や空や雲を連想させるような微妙な色のグラデーションが現れ、観るものに作家のもつ独特の世界観を伝えます。「Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form(色即是空、空即是色;『般若心経』より)」「Sky/

Emptiness(Sora/Ku;空)」「72 Kō(七十二候;1年を 72に分割する古い日本の暦)」など、これまでの展覧会タイトルからもわかるように、仏教的な世界観と日本の伝統的な自然観が彼女の作品には込められています。アメリカ人と、備前刀匠の末裔である日本人とを両親にもち、幼少期を北カリフォルニアの田舎と、母方の祖父が住職を務めていた日本の寺院とを行き来して過ごしたことが大きく影響しています。アンドウは伝統と現代、産業と自然、東洋と西洋を巧みに融合させ、芸術を通して人ともののつながりを探求しているのです。最近開催された個展は、「Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form(色即是空、空即是色)」アジア・

ソサエティ・テキサスセンター(ヒューストン、2019年)、「Miya Ando」Sundaram Tagore Gallery

(ニューヨーク、2019年)、「Clouds(Kumo;雲)」Kantor Gallery (ロサンゼルス、2019年 )ほか、2018年にはイサム・ノグチ美術館でも行われています。ほかにも The Haus der Kunst (ミュンヘン、2019年 )、ロサンゼルス・カウンティ美術館(ロサンゼルス、2017年)などのグループ展にも参加しています。そして 2015年、彼女の大規模なインスタレーション「Emptiness The Sky(Shou Sugi

Ban;焼杉板)」は、第 56回ベネチアビエンナーレで展示されました。そしてロサンゼルス・カウンティ美術館(ロサンゼルス)、Haus der Kunst(ミュンヘン)、Berkowitz Collection(マイアミ)など、パブリックあるいはプライベート・コレクションに多数収蔵されています。さらに、ロンドンのエリザベス女王オリンピック公園に恒久的に設置され、2015年のマーシュ公共彫刻賞 (Marsh Award for

Excellence in Public Sculpture) の最終選考に残った 「After 9/11」 をはじめ、数多くのパブリック・アートを生み出しています。

Miya Andoミヤ・アンドウ

Phot

o by

Roy

Ritc

hie

Page 3: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Born in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from

the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography and imagery

at Yale University and becoming an apprentice at master metalsmith, Hattori Studio in Okayama

Prefecture, Japan.

Using a variety of materials including steel, aluminum, and wood, Ando creates abstract

paintings, sculptures and installations. Her work has also been characterized as Post-Minimalist,

with her metal-paintings being perhaps the most well-known. Applying heat to steel or aluminum,

the artist layers colors, applies chemicals or lacquers, sands and polishes to add shine to the

metal. Through this process, subtle gradations that recall sun, sky or cloud appear on the surface,

revealing the artist’s unique perspective to the onlooker.

Her work is infused with a Buddhist worldview, as well as a traditional Japanese view of nature,

that can be clearly seen in her exhibition titles, such as Form is Emptiness, Emptiness Form (lines

from the Heart Sutra), Sky/Emptiness (Sora/Ku), or 72 Kō (ancient Japanese calendar system

that divides the year into 72 seasons). This stems from the artist’s family background: she is half

Japanese and half American, descended from Bizen swordsmiths and spent her childhood in

both rural Northern California and at the Buddhist temple overseen by her maternal grandfather

in Japan. Ando thus skillfully fuses the traditional and the contemporary, the industrial and the

natural, East and West, exploring through her art the connections between people and things.

Her recent solo exhibitions include Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form, Asia Society Texas

Center (Houston, 2019); Miya Ando, Sundaram Tagore Gallery (New York, 2019); and Clouds,

Kantor Gallery (Los Angeles, 2019). She has held solo exhibitions at institutions including The

Noguchi Museum (New York, 2018), as well as participated in group exhibitions at the Haus der

Kunst (Munich, 2019) and the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA, Los Angeles, 2017). In

2015, her large-scale installation, Emptiness The Sky (Shou Sugi Ban), was shown at the Frontiers

Reimagined exhibition of the 56th Venice Biennale. Her work is in many notable public and private

collections, including the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA, Los Angeles), the Haus

der Kunst (Munich), and the Berkowitz Collection (Miami). Ando has also created numerous public

works of art, including a memorial sculpture entitled After 9/11, a work which has been installed

permanently in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, London, and for which she was shortlisted for

the Marsh Award for Excellence in Public Sculpture in 2015.

Phot

o by

Nick

Knight

/ S

ocra

tes

Sculpt

ure

Park

Page 4: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

アンドウは、刻一刻と変わりゆく自然の様相に耳を傾け、それを作品として結晶化させます。とりわけ移ろいやすい光を、硬く不変性の高い金属の板に描く作品は彼女の制作スタイルのひとつです。アンドウは自然と金属物質の関係性を築き、この逆説的な融合を実現させます。作家は金属の板に熱を加え、紙やすり、研磨機、古色へ変化させる物質を施し、それを毎日繰り

返します。仏教者が瞑想するように、心を無にして行う一連の作業によって、いらないものを徹底的に排除し、彼女は ʻ 金属のカンバス ʼ 上にほのかに反射する独特の光を作り出します。アンドウの作品を観るとき、金属のもつ確固たる存在感以上に、わずかな光のみが放たれる、そ

のはかなさをより印象的に感じ取る人が多いでのではないでしょうか。そこに存在するようで、存在しない気配のようなもの、たとえば森の奥に分け入っていったときに感じるような自然の気配、あるいは自然の呼吸を見出す人もいるかもしれません。「私が興味を持っているのは、作品によって鑑賞者が自然との関係を紡ぐような体験をしたり、鑑

賞者が移ろいゆく光に出会った瞬間にまさにそこに存在していると感じてもらったりすることです(アンドウ)」。そして観る者を作家の世界観のなかに引き込み、作品に流れる特別な時間を体験してほしいと願います。

Miya Ando observes nature as it changes from moment to moment, crystallizing it in her work.

Capturing the particularly ephemeral qualities of light on a metal plate, a hard and seemingly

immutable material, is one of the ways she accomplishes this. The artist establishes a relationship

between nature and metallic materials, thereby achieving a paradoxical fusion.

Ando applies heat, sandpaper, metal polishers and acids that create patinas to the metal,

irrevocably altering the material’s physical properties. Through a series of ‘mindless’ tasks that

recall Buddhist meditation, she frees her materials of any unnecessary elements, making it

possible for light to gently reflect off her ‘metal canvas’ in a unique way.

Upon viewing her work, perhaps most viewers will receive a deeper impression from the

transience of the reflected light as it glimmers, than from the solid presence of the metal. Some

may even catch a fleeting sense of something that seems to be both there and not there, just as

one perceives the presence or the breath of nature when one enters the depths of a forest.

“My interest is in creating work that allows viewers to experience a relationship to nature and to

be truly in the moment as they encounter the transitory qualities of light,” Ando says. The artist’s

hope is that viewers will be drawn into her world and experience the unique mode of time that

flows through her work.

光の諸相を描く/ Capturing the Ephemerality of Light

Page 5: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Meditation Green, 2013Hand-dyed anodized aluminum122.0 x 122.0 cm

Ephemeral Sapphire Jade, 2015Pigment, urethane, aluminum122.0 x 122.0 cm

Pink Study, 2019Dye, water, anodized aluminum61.0 x 61.0 cm

Page 6: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

アンドウは日本人とアメリカ人を両親にもち、幼少のころにはカリフォルニアと祖父が住職を務めていた岡山県の仏教寺院の両方で過ごす体験をしています。彼女が2つの異なる文化を同時に吸収するのはごく自然なことでした。カリフォルニアでは太陽が燦々と降り注ぎ、強い光がきらめく風景を享受し、日本では穏やかに移ろう四季への感性を磨いていったのです。そして仏教の世界観、人生観に触れたのちに彼女は、イエール大学の仏教に関する図像学を学びました。これら自然への瑞々しい感性と、仏教の深い思想は作家に大いなるインスピレーションを与えます。彼女の初期作品からみられるモチーフに、葉脈を残しそれを色彩で染めた菩提樹の葉があります。

菩提樹はその下で、仏陀が悟りを開いた樹木であり、超越、変容、成長を象徴しています。「Ascension

Leaves」 は、この菩提樹の葉をシャンデリア状に同心円に配置し、光の変化やわずかな気流にも反応する、刻々と変化するインスタレーションです。「Wishing Mandala For The Lotus Circle」は、この菩提樹の葉を使って曼荼羅を構成した作品です。仏教では、曼荼羅は宇宙の真理を表し、悟りの境地を図像化したもので、瞑想としても伝統的に使用されています。

Ando is of both Japanese and American parentage. As a child she spent her childhood in

both California and a Buddhist temple in Okayama Prefecture, where her grandfather served as

head monk. It was only natural that she would absorb these two different cultures. She delighted

in California's sunlit landscapes and developed a sensitivity toward the gentle changing of

the seasons in Japan. These early experiences with the world of Buddhism, its worldview and

philosophy on life, led her to study Buddhist iconography and imagery at Yale University. This

vibrant sense of the natural and immersion in Buddhist thought are deep sources of inspiration for

the artist.

The leaves of the Bodhi tree, dyed with the veins still visible, is one of the motifs seen in

her early works. The Buddha is said to have achieved enlightenment under this tree and it

symbolizes transcendence, transformation and growth. In Ascension Leaves, these leaves have

been transformed into a chandelier, arranged in concentric circles that change in response to

subtle shifts in the light and air. In Wishing Mandala For The Lotus Circle, the artist uses the

leaves of the bodhi tree to create a mandala. In Buddhist tradition, the mandala depicts the truth

of the universe; it is a visual representation of the space of enlightenment that is also used for

meditation.

2つの文化の融合/ The Meeting of Two Cultures

Page 7: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Ascension Leaves, 2015Dyed Bodhi (Ficus religiosa) skeleton leaves, dye, quartz crystal457.2 x 274.3 cmMontefiore Hospital, New YorkPhotos courtesy of Tracy Szatan

Wishing Mandala For The Lotus Circle, 2019The Asia Foundation, San Francisco

Photo Credit: Leandro Justen

Page 8: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

一方でアンドウは硬質な金属も素材として扱っています。滑らかでキラキラした表面は、カルフォルニアでひときわ美しさと輝きをほこる属性ですが、それだけでなくアンドウが備前(岡山県と広島県の中間)に江戸時代に存在した刀匠の子孫であることも関連しているかもしれません。「Kumo (Cloud)」は金属やガラスにレーザーでエッチングを施した作品です。そして観る人の視

点が変化すると、ある角度で光って見える部分も、ある角度では沈んで見え、シルバー、ゴールド、レッド、グレーなど色も変化してみえる作品です。このシリーズでは「夜明け」「夕暮れ」「朧月」など、ひと時も止まることのない美しい自然の刹那を表現しています。

However, Ando also works with metal, a much harder material. The smooth and sparkling surface

may shine with a particular brilliance in the Californian sunlight but may also be related to the fact that

the artist is a descendent of Bizen*1 sword-markers of the Edo period.

The series, Kumo (Cloud), is created using a laser to etch metal and glass. When the viewer’s

perspective shifts, the parts that shine from one angle may seem to sink away from another, and the

colors may also change from silver to gold to red to grey. This series depicts moments in the transient

beauty of nature, such as Yoake (Dawn), Tasogare (Dusk), and Oborozuki (A Moon Obscured By

Clouds).

* 1 a region between Okayama Prefecture and Hiroshima Prefecture

Kumo (Cloud) Proof #2, 2016Glass30.5 x 30.5 x 5.0 cm

Page 9: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Tasogare Diptych, 2019Silver, dye, resin, aluminum212.0 x 190.5 cm

Installation view from Clouds, 2018The Noguchi Museum, New YorkPhoto courtesy of The Noguchi Museum & Elizabeth Felicella

Kumo (Cloud) January 4.4.5, 2018Ink on aluminum composite122.0 x 122.0 cm

Page 10: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

「銀河」と題された作品は、自然界からの情報を細やかな感性で知覚する日本人の、時間に対する理解をベースにしています。公園のイーストリバーの海岸線に沿って吊り下げられたこの 180フィート(約 54メートル)の織物は、半透明の織物にプリントされた天の川がまるで空に浮かぶように見え、川の流れのように星々が天空に浮かぶさまを表現します。ほかにもアンドウは、自然の姿や現象、とりわけ形の定まらないものまでをもモチーフにしていき

ます。「72 Kō (Seasons);七十二候」はそのなかでも自然の移り変わりを抽象的に表現した作品といえるでしょう。4つの季節をさらに 6分割したのが二十四節気、それぞれをさらに 3分割した七十二候は、中国から入ってきた季節の区切りですが、日本の風土に合わせて内容が変更されました。そのひとつひとつを作品化し、つなげることで循環する自然を表現しています。季節への繊細な関心は、アンドウの作品に常に流れるテーマであり、作家の感性は自然の息吹、生きとし生けるものへと向けられています。

銀河 Ginga (The Silver River In Heaven) is a work that is based on a Japanese understanding of time,

which in turn is grounded in a highly-refined understanding of the ‘information’ provided by nature. A

length of fabric on which the Milky Way is printed was hung across a stretch of 180 feet (54m) in a park

beside the East River in New York. Appearing to float in the sky, the work depicted the stars as they drift

in the heavens like a flowing river.

Ando also often uses natural phenomena, particularly those whose forms are not fixed, as motifs

in her work. It can be said that 72 Kō (Seasons), is a work that expresses the ephemerality of nature in

an abstract way. These 72 micro-seasons are derived from dividing each of the four seasons into six

parts to make 24 divisions (sekki), and further splitting each division into three to make 72 kō (micro-

seasons). Although this system of dividing the seasons was imported from China, it was adapted to fit

the Japanese climate. Ando made one painting corresponding with each of these kō, and by showing

them as an unbroken sequence, expresses the cycle of nature. This delicate awareness of nature is

a constant theme that runs through the artist’s work. Her sensibility is directed toward the breath of

nature and to all living things.

自然への感性を作品に託す/ Entrusting Her Sense of Nature to Her Work

72 Seasons Full Grid, 2019, Pigment, urethane, aluminum, 122.0 x 549.0 cm

Page 11: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

銀河 Ginga (The Silver River In Heaven), 2019Printed fabric, stainless steel305.0 x 147.0 x 6096.0 cmSocrates Sculpture Park, New YorkCurated by Jess WilcoxPhoto Credit: Nick Knight, courtesy of Socrates Sculpture Park

Page 12: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

アンドウは伝統的な技法も作品に取り入れています。京都の龍安寺の有名な枯山水の庭を写した作品「龍安寺」で、使用されているのは焼杉と呼ばれる加工を施された木材です。焼杉は腐食を防ぎ耐久性を上げるために古くから使用されてきた技術ですが、アンドウはこの技法を使用

したうえに硝酸銀をかけた立方体の木材を度々モチーフに使用してきました。「龍安寺」では、これが石の代わりに彼女の庭に置かれます。枯山水は水を一切使わずに山水の景色を表すもので、禅の思想とともに発展しました。石の配置や組み合

わせによって山や川などを表すだけでなく、仏教の宇宙観など観念的な世界を生み出します。焼杉により深いベルベットのような黒が生まれ、そこに銀色が重ねられたため、それは観る者の動きと呼応するように反射します。また木材の年輪は枯山水の水の流れを示す波紋のようでもあります。闇と光のハーモニーは、まるで宇宙のなかで星々が生まれ消滅していくかのようです。その時間は人間の想像を超えていますが、あるいは別の見方をすると一瞬の出来事なのかもしれません。アンドウはしばしば仏教の経典にある言葉を参照します。そして、宇宙を作っているすべての構成要素は

刹那である、このことが現実の本質にほかならないと考察しています(これは量子物理学と同様に仏教に見られる概念です)。2019年の展覧会タイトル「Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form;色即是空、空即是色」は『般若心経』の一説であり、2つのものは一体不二であり、それは常に移ろいゆくことも解いています。2つの文化背景をもち、自然と人工物の金属という異素材を扱うアンドウは、異種のものが対立するのではなく存在意義をともに認めながら生まれ消えていくことへの無常をその世界に見るのです。

Ando incorporates traditional techniques into her work. In Ryōanji, which reinterprets the famous karesansui

(dry landscape garden) of Ryōanji Temple in Kyoto, the artist uses wood that has undergone a treatment

process called yakisugi (literally, ‘charred/burnt cypress’).

This technique has been used for centuries as a way of preventing decay and improving the durability of

wood. Ando has repeatedly used wood yakisugi cubes, to which she then adds silver nitrate, as a motif in her

work. In Ryōanji, these cubes are placed instead of rock to form the garden.

Karesansui is described as a landscape or scenery in which no water has been used and it developed

together with Zen philosophy. It represents mountains and rivers using only the placement and combination

of rock, giving expression to a conceptual world, such as that of Buddhist cosmology, and so on. The yakisugi

process creates a deep, velvet-like black on the surface of the cubes, while the layer of silver nitrate reflects the

light, as if echoing the movement of the viewer. The growth rings of the wood are like ripples that represent

flowing water in karesansui. The harmony of light and dark recalls the birth and death of stars in the universe.

Their timespan lasts beyond the grasp of the human imagination, but from a different perspective, may be but

a momentary event.

Ando repeatedly references Buddhist sutras. She considers the universe and everything that makes up the

universe to consist of ephemeral moments (a concept that Buddhism shares with quantum mechanics). One

of her exhibition titles from 2019 is Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form. This line is taken from the Heart Sutra

and can be interpreted as meaning that the duality of things is an appearance and that nothing is permanent,

things are always changing. With her dual cultural background and her use of two different materials, the natural

and ‘artificial’ metal artefacts, Ando sees in the world the impermanence of things as they arise and disappear,

things that are different yet coexist rather than clash, each admitting the value of the other’s existence.

古来からの技術より生まれた禅の世界/ A World of Zen Born from Ancient Techniques

Page 13: Miya AndoBorn in 1973, in Los Angeles, California, Miya Ando received her BA in East Asian Studies from the University of California, Berkeley, before going on to study Buddhist iconography

Ryōanji, 2019White stones, charred wood, silver nitrate, phosphorescent stones61.0 x 853.0 x 353.0 cm

Installation view from Form is Emptiness, Emptiness is Form, 2019Asia Society Texas Center, HoustonPhoto Credit: ©2019, Nash Baker

Alchemy (Shou Sugi Ban), 2020Charred wood, silver nitrate

30.0 x 30.0 x 4.0 cm