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a Vy(tuncran B. f. klxttra Cu*roHa Vruaxona <,Eorouarcpt Bla4urvrr.rp-gKat'>, (npeno Mocxoscroro rocyaapcrBa,), <lloxna,ra Borolratepr Blaalr-Ml4pcKofi ): (Onsrr ur:ropraKo-Kynbrlprroti r{Hrepnperaur4x) / / Tpyu Or,te,ra apeo-xepyccxoi i nlrrepar-ypbt. , l l . : Hayra. I lcrrrurp. o.ul*uxe, 1985. T. XXXVIl l .c .297-30?.
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e Tav xc. C. l l l .ro Tau xe. C. 328 -329.ll M. E. flrroxasosa s cBocfi rHlrre..croxeTbl et cllMt]o,rlbt vlocxoscxoro
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M. [i. fl-IoxaHona.l2 Tal t xe. C. 332.
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nepb HanpaBncHtte MeHtercfl LIa rporntsollono)cioe: Har qapeM Muxa-
r4noM OeaopoBrrleM (1 6 I 3 - 1 645) nollculeH (De,rop I'loaHHoBtl'i ( 1557--
1598), ro ecrl HaA repBbiM I{opeM HoBot .4nHac1}4}'l - IlocnclHl4ll uapb
craporl. 14 eue BbIuIe - cB. uapeRnq f iulr larpnl i (yvep u 1591 r ') .
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BeAeT no loruKe Ir.ruclr+recrofi K clJt'l'oMy uapeBvtly: BcTpetla "IHHt4t4
Cut-T urelefi II rrpaBttrcr,'Iefr npellperueua lt ]'BeHrIaHa cBt{rocrllo llpeAcranrr-
relx qapcroli ceMbl{. flpo,rnral Kpollb uapeBl{sa flt'rlturpnl Bo3Bpalla-
eT cBgTOcTtr B ceMbK) npaBl{TeruI, Telepb yxe He B BeIIUKoK}lDKeCKy}o'
a B UapcKylo. Kar orlreflr,r f. (De.u,oron, <cBtlrble <'6Jlaronepsrte>> KlIq-
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cKoii uepKBg. Moxuo lracr{I4TaTb OKOJIO nrTUAeCsrN rHlleli u KHgl'HHb,
KaHOHI43OBaHHbIX K O6Ilelvry llJII',l MeCTHOMy nOTIHTaHI4IO' XOrq nO'tu'ra-
Hr4e cBrrbIX rHti:efi HaquHaerct c nepBblx xe tler xpncrtlaHcrBa Ha Pycx
(cn. 6opuc n Lre6), Ho oco6eHHo ycvlluaaerca Bo BpeMeHa MoHroilb-
cKoro Hra. 'ro6r,t npeKparl,ITbct oAHoBpeMeHHo c HI'IM x xosqy XV
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Ka;t roruKa aroti BersH Be,(er or cBtrblx MocxoscK[x 1\{l{Tpono,rMroB'
Kolopbre AUIH nepBble Il.lloAbl cBtrocru, ri qapcxuti .qotl.
Apl,ron y3en, KoTopbui nOnopaUunaeT xpoHonorl4,lecKoe AB[)ieHL{e- 3To y3en B ocHotsaHult npaBou BeTBl4, BI'IpacTaIoIUeu npflMO HaA
I4sano\4 Kalurori (1325-1340). 3aecr l tao6paxeu Aea Kathrbl , cB.
KHq3b AneKcaHgp Hencruir (1252-.1263), To ecrl.onqrb KpoRHoe poJI-
CTBO H3MeHgeT XpoHoJ'tofllrlecKoe (l.rcToptr.IecKoe) /lFlr)Kertne lt 3aMc-
}I 'ET CfO MI{CTIITICCK'{M: KAIUTA HACAXN,AET APEBO, HH)KH'Ifl BETBb KO-
TOpOTO npouBena 3a ABa noKoJleHnt IO TOrO, Xar 6Ut-na llacucqeHa.
Ho xporrre xpoHonorttqecKoro y3-ra-noBopora rlr ccrb i'l ctuc ABa cAllt{-
ra. Bo_nepBblx, KaK flUUllrpui.i BeHrIacT CBOeli CBrrroc'rb]o rrpaBllTeJlt
BerBb cBtrIITe;reii, rar KHt3b AneKcaHqp craHoBurcl nepnot'i BerBbn'
rra4 roropofi Bbrpacraer qepela MocKoBcKHx cBr{TbIX. /{ualorra,rr !,u-
nru'rpufi - AlercagAp Ha uKoHe rlorqepKH)"ra coana4eHueM IIBera HX
Melar'ft'oHoB - KpacHr,Ir'l (xou, <oHeul{o, 3To TOJIbKO qac-t',Iquoe co-
Bna,[eHuc, TaK KaK tscefo KpacHbIX Meaaill,olloB Ha HKoHe nocel'rl)' Bo-
BTOpbrx, A.nercaHap rre 6r,ur MocKoBcKr4M KH'3CN{ il sc 6st.n MocKoBc-
288
13 lJtrcxanr,tea M. 6. Cnxefi,r t,t cltrvrBoirbr lMoc'rotx:roro r{aDCrBa... C. 318, 320ta (Dedomoe l. Cs rLIe.rpeBHefr Pycra. M', 1990. C. 90
289
MocKoBcKI{M cBflTHM" Ho lurcttt.tccKafl tofl,IKa orMeraer grl4 IrceBAo-iaKoHor!{epHocrx: uMeHHo oH oKa3brBaercg Ha,(peBe MocKoBcKofo fo-cy{apc'fBa.
Haa A;rexcaHApoM rroMeuleHbr npenoao6Hr,re Ceprui i (yuep ui39l r.) u flnxon (yurep n 1392 r.) PaAosexcrrac, Caeoa Cropoxen-crnii (y'uep B 1407 r.), llaQrryruii Eopoocrui (yrlrep n 1477 r. - owrJrlrrra,qae'r xpoHononr4qecxu), Cnuou Ee:luo.rygsux (yteu nr cn. CeprlrlPaAoHexcxoro), AugpoHur (yrwep u 1395 r.). Haa HrrM rroMeureHbrMocKorJcKHe 6laxer+rue: Marcuu (yrnlep n 1433 r.), Bacn,rnii (yllep n1550-x rr.) r l4oaHn Bolsuroii KoJ'rrraK (yri,rep n 1589 r.). Ha sroii Rer-Bu, KaK H Ha BerBu HaA MnrponorrnToM flerpou Vutaxon Hapyuaerxporronofuto, pacnono)<nu lla$uyr.lrn Bopoecroro Huxe Cr{Mor{a rrAn.apouura.
fo, uro npaByro BerBb ApeBa BeHqaro,r I .{MeHIto 6,raxenHore, uervroxeT 6rtTb cayraftHocTbK). <Ilpopovecxoe cryxeHt{e ppoAHrjbrx - rri,r-urer QeAoroB, - rroryqaer B XVI BeKe coqr{arlHutri u Aa)Ke rtorrlTu-,tecKuii cMtlcn. B ery enoxy lrocn(llnHcrax uepapxn_f, oc.rra6esaet BcBoeM Aonre reqaroBaH[fl 3a onaJr]rnbrx u o6llrqcnuq Henpan4r.r. IOpo-Al,rBble nplrHr4ltalor na ce6s cny)Kenne apesHtrx csstutenefi H [oABr{x-HHKoB,r15. flet)tcrnure,rtHo, BeHqaroT ,rlBe BeTBt{ ApeBa rpH [pe.rlcTaBr.{-renfl qapcKoro poAa H Tpoe opoAprBbrx. IJepronur,le Hepapu - cBr-Turerr{ lr npenono6ubre - 3HaMeHyror tr olpetrenrrror HaqaJ.ro poccnri-ci(oro rocyAapcrBa, ropoAr,rBbre H uapn - HocHTeJrR HoBoi,i curocru,oHr,r BeHqaror .rlpero. OrMerr4v, .{ro l4oauu Bonruoii Korr[aK, coBpe-MeHHr{K rlapeBr.{qa fiwun'rput,3aHr{Maer B gToM prrAy raKxe oco6oe no-,'Io)KeH[e: ero Moulx 6yqyf o6pereHbr ronbKo s 1672 f., qepe3 HecKoJrb-KO JIOT t|Ocne CO3naHH9 HKOF|bI.
Oco6oe noro)r(eHl,Ie (apeBuqa fiuunrpux oflpeaenerro reM, i{To oHrroMeureH 6nuxe Bcex K l4lrcycy, r.t efo B3rltfla yc:rpeMneH ne na B.na-AHMHpcKyro r4KoHy, KaK B3rJ'lqAbr ocraJlbHblx nepcoHaxeii uKoHbl, no-MerueHHbrx B MeaarboH6rl6, Ho Ha Vlncyca, u nu:r. l4ucyca o6pauleH eero cropoHy. CosAaercrl tsfler{arJre}rue, vro l4lrcyc He rorbKo ctvror-pHT Ira fiNruurpr,ra, Ho lrMeHHo eMy oH flepeaaer oaexlbr r{ BeHeu-Hagnlrcu no croporraN{ Vlvtcyca B3rrbl H3 Orxponerrua l,loaHua Eoro-c,rosa. C,'resa Hanr{caHo: <,Io6ex/Iar{ii, roii o6levercr B pr43r,r 6ealu;H HE I,IMAMb OTMbITT{ IlM9TJ}t ETO OT KHIIT'b XI,IBOTHbIX'b)> (OTXP. 3:5).
9tu c,rona n3 orKpoBeuna Aure.ny CapAniicxofi uepKBH, rAe, floc;rel4cxoaHoro IlepequcneHH.s fpexoB, foBop!{Tcg: <.Ho uuautr MaJro r{MeHw n CapAttw, I4xe ne ocKrlepHuura pr43 cnoux: 14 xo1trru xMyr co Muoro
t5 @edomoe 1. Cnqrbre apennefi Pycu... C. 20916 He oqenl noHnrno HaIrpaMeHUe B3FItqa 6,,raxcurtoro l,loauHa, ou :a-
HnMaer BepxHtolo no3tfllfiK) Ha cBoeii BerBvl, vt oKa3brBaercfl Br,II[e fiKoilbt, efoIrplrrrvxtllue BeKn co34aK).l ou{yuteH}re B3f,rttlla, Hallpa&1er{Hofo BHI,I3, Ha xKo-Hy. Ho aaxe ccnH oH cMorpHT nnepx, To rroJtoxcntre fluuu-rplu Bcc paurroRr,t{ereHo: ii cropolly fifivrrpnt o6paureH ;rnx l4ucycir
290
n 6e-irrrx, qxo aoc'roiitrLt cpb> (Oxp. 3:4). HellocpeAclBel{Ho tloc,le
3Toii Opa3bl rlAyr cnoBa, I.{cIIoJIb3oBaHHLIe B HarIIucIt. To ecrr, <6e-
rbre plr3br)), KoTopble vlttcyc floAaier aHreny (Ha nroue oHll xejrroro
uBCTa, Blt,4! i l l to, ro.norutc). aaHbl rcM HeMitoft4M (<Milno ttvcltu). xo-
Topble He ocKBepHHlIu ce6n, *t t{b!{ t'IMe Ha ocraHyrcq B Kllr{le xl43}l!{.
Hv xe ilpe,[Ha3HaLlaelc-s u BeHcu, <oropstii l,ll'rcyc Aepx[T B ,'IcBoii
pyre. PxAov c HI,IN{ HaJ(IIflct': <6y4t'I BepeH Aaxe Ao cMeprtt, t{ aaM ru
BeHeu x!{BoTa>. llo,ruufi crHx, I13 KOTOpOIO 3atlMc',fBoBaHbl 3TH CJTO-
Ba, 3By{l{T TaK: <}{e 6otTrcq Hrr.rccoxe, s)Ke uMaIIJl{ nocrpaaartl. Ce
I4MaTIr AUaBOJI BCaXIIITI'1 BaC B TeMHI4Ubl' Aa t{CKyC]'ITeCfi: U llivrerU 6y-
Aere cKop6h Ao Aecflr!{ AHeii. Byln BepeH ,[a)Ke ,Io cMeprt.{, i4 AaM l'H
Berrcq xuBoTa'> (OTKp. 2, l0). Moxrro ocropo)kHo rlpeAnonoxl4Tl, qTo
<cr0p6l Ao aec.trTH 4rteft>> cltMrolHqecKr4 npeAcraBileHa Ha L{KoHe .U,ect{-TL,Io Me,uarbogaM!{ Ha raxgofi t{3 6oKoBbIX BerBeI:{. Kpons xe, Koropofi<((popoqecKr,rD Mr,lTponorl4r llerp tlojluBaer Apeso - 3ro KpoDr, 61'lytuux
MfreH[KoB, Koropaq 6yAer npo"rrr-rra <B AccflTb AHei.i> cKop6u.
BaxHrrnu A,.Irr IIoHnMaHnq KoHqenql4u r4KoHbl tBr'Itorcs na6nore-
+us lrl- II. Eycenofi-Aanlr.qoeoft HaA rlpocrpawcttteHsot'i opraHu3aut{-
eii KKoH Crrnosa Vruaxosa. Bycena-flansuloBa yKa3bll]aer Ha re oco-
6egrrocril flpocrpartcrBa y yutaKoBa, Koropble cB.q3aHbI c 3Kcnepl{NteH-
Ttu'IbHbrM fl nepexoAHblM xapaKTepoM ero rtsopqec'rsa. K gtuiu oco6eH-
HOCTTM OHa OTHOC!{T fpany&'IbHoe H3MeHeI{Ue TCTOTbI UBeTa (qTO XpU-
Aaer OrlrypaM r,r [peAMeraM Ha r,Kone o6leuHocrl), norlblTKt{ Ilocr-po€IIHt npqMoil nepcIleKTHIlbI, a raloKe pacnoroxeHl4c [Icrotll{I4Ka cBe'ra
BHyfplr [pocTpaHcTBa llKoHLI. <,HaCaXIeHne Apel]a') oKa3blBaeTcq npaK-
Tr,rqecKll HcKrloqeHo I{3 3Kc[epHMeHToB yuaKoBa. Bo-nepBbIX, I]Mec-TO CnHe-3eJlenor-o rloHa, Koropbl[ [pfl3BaH l4i\rllTl4poBarb se6O n aacrBO3N{OXHOCTT, n:O6pa:lrrb nr'loTHocTb A fny1Llh{y [pocTpaHcT[]a, yua-
KoB coxpaH!{n 3Aecb lpaAuuttortnotit 3oJloroii r$oH. Bo-uropblx, Bce
ApeBo pacnonoxeHo B oAHoti nJlocKocru, t{ Totlt'Ko Ir )<rl.Afl no,tiocKa
Kper.ua u:oOpaxeua nepcneKTlrBHo. C )K[BoIlflcHbIMtt sKcrep[McHTa-
us ly'uaxona cBtI3aHLI s sroi.i !{KoHe roJILKo lcqeiil{a-veAa,tlosr't. "rloIrHeuHr,IM KOHTypa[{ MeAaJIbOHOB, - Ill4trIer 6yCeaa-!.aalrAoBa, - Ma-
cTep Aan rIBeTHoe npllTeHeHr.Ie, flpl{Aalouee uN{ BllA llonuBeqeHHbrx xpy-cTairbHbrx c@ep, noaoout'Ix arpn6y'raM apxaHl-enoB, - 3aNtKH)"TbIX cly-crKoB Marepr4aJlu3ollaHHoro npocrpaHcrBar>. Taroe <cfyuleH lte ullera llo
xparo $opu (...) cogaaer BflerlarueHne o6beN{Hocrt4 @uIyp'>, oHO <<tla-
MCKaer rra cyuecruoBaHhe He8]ttrhMoil rna3y -tst, ' tuttoi i cropoHbl h106-p:rxeuunrr I 7. Ouneq errgoe <<M arepl{aJ'Ih3oBaHHoe>> npoc'IpaHcrBo c$c p-
MCAaJIbOT{OB, C l4X Iny6I{HOii H O6'beMHOCTLI0, IpOTI'IBO|IOCTaBJ'IeHO Ha
r.rKor{e nJtocKocru Jotorot 'o SoHa.
t1 6yceeo-,[aewdooa H. .f. flpoc'rparrcrBetttlble llocrpoeHut e pa6orir-x Ctz-uosa Vrraxoua // lo<:yrcpcrlreHt{5le Myser lvlocxoncxoro Kperuta: Marcpua-;n,r L Hccr'reaosarrras. Bbtn, 8. I \4., 1991. C. 20-- l l .
291
Ha go,norov rloue rrpc4crarJreHbr 3rpaBcrByox{r,u;i uapt .drerc:elrrMHxaii,roBrr.{, ltaptrua n aRa LlapeBu\ra. Wx lr:o6paxertul noMeurerrbrHa 3elyrjte, 3a KpeMJreBcxotri creHoti, To ecTL cro coobrrHn gevHoii illl-,:(uuorl r4cropvr4. B c$epax Vrrrarcoe, KaK l\,rr,r BuAenH, noMecrull Moc-KoIrcKI4x yfoAHr4KoB I,t rtJIcFloB uapcxoil cer\tbH, IDKC llpecraBllBlltuxcg.Kport le roro, B cune-3e;reHoM, f loqrr{ 6upn:onov, oBanbHoM N,r€ra-jtboHc paciloJlo)KeH qettTpalsHsrri Anq KoMno3LIut4H o6pa3 Brra4lrl.tr.lp-,:xoii Eoronalepu. B raKoN,r xe <(rroacRerJeHl.rotr,r> npocrpaHcrBc nol{e-uleH CnacurcJ'rr, B BepxHeM noJle r4Koltbt: $oH n ero u:o6paxerllu raxxecldHe-3ereltbri.i, oH <yn,rorr{.lercl'> c npanoli or 3plrTer,a cropoHbr, ]iaKcc,rn 6r,r Hcl'orrlrHK cnera 6lr,r yKpblr B oepxrreii (racrlt LrKoHbt, Her{Horoc6oxy or \,lucyca Xpucra. Ha oAHoii Bcp'u4Kajrlr co Cnacnrelelt ururonoi"l Eorovareprr rroMelucH YcneHcxr.ril co6op. u qner co6ofia ra-Kori xe culre-3eireHbui. Co6op ueo6paxeu j l tsyxMepHblM, lrJrocKr,rM,nepetlHt.rl c'teHa ero rracrl4rrHo Bbrpe3aHa, u ceputft [on]rt,{paK co6gpaHanonHeH xeJTTLIMl.r BcIIoJIoxaMu cnera. Bupe3aHHaq crena, KaK oroo6tt..tuo ,t!tq ItKoHbI, ,rBntercq yKa3aHLreM Hd ro, t;.16 4elicrnlte niro-ucxol.(r,rr n co6opc: fiMeHHo 3Aecb, BHyrpu xpaMa H nocilKeHo apeRo.
Ee,'ilttut n cgoefi ocHoBe r\{eA:uli,oHaM Yuraros .qa;r Kpacrroe, 3e-1e-*toe ilJIu x€r.IToe <(ctseToBoe npHTeHeHHe'>" Srlr .lerr,tpe IIBeTa, KaK U3-IrecrHo, Ha3btnaer lJuoHucr.r i i Apeonarnr B TpaKrare <O se6ecnoli-r'{cpapx}Il4>): <,A Nai{orouuerHbre KaluHH olKpblsaor, Haao llyrlrarb. riJrr{KaK 6etbte - cBeroBl'I.qHocrb, I,IJlI,r KaK Kpacuble - or-HerlrrAnocrb, r..rlrl.lKaK rKerTble - 3naToBnaHocTb, n,'IH KaK 3eJICHbIe - IOHOCTb U LiBerc-Hue'>18. MeAalr,oHu Ha LIKoHe, no nceii BHAI4Moct.H, orKpLIBaIor FHAge6ecuoro UapcrBa. flpureuctrile rJ Hux tronrlepKxRaer, r{To tlcror{hlrKrlBcTa rloN'lellleH 3a <<IIepeIopolIKOt)> ocHol]Horo 3ojtoToro @oua uxo-Hbr, oH AcraeT r{KoHy (AgycnoiiHoi)>, KaK 6sr noloft, o6nana}ou{eri<,.IBorinbrM AH0M>: 3a ee 3oitoToii uoncpruocTr,to ecTb HcKoTopoe oq-BeqeHHoe ,r ocBelueHHoe npocrpaHcrno. YcneHcrurr. i xe co6op oxa-3brBaelcq cnoeo6parHoli 4ecpr,o, RxoAoM B 9To npocrpaHcrno. [pe-BO IiaCDKJIeHO 3a 3Tr4ML{ ABepflMr.t, a HacaAr4TeJ'I.l{ cTogT nepeA HI{}4H,cloHrlrrurlcb BHyrpb, no ue BXoAr B xpaM. Taxoii Epr4xoA B xpaM,cKopce Bcefo, Aojr)iieH yt<a3l,rBaTb Ha xpoHolrornqecKylo ToqK-v, [pa3-.[HrrK, Korra cJrar]uMr,l.-r csnror)i conp]lcyrcrByer B xpaMe. 2l[,u Haurei,iI4Kol{bI TaKoiI TortKoi Aonxrro 6urt gocnour4HaHue KoH(l4rrbt cBrlToro\{ HTpOrroJl}4Ta fl erpa.
MHoroe Ha t{KoHe ocraercr sara4xori. I}o:voxrro, olrrnM H3 try'.'reii 4a.ltuncilrxefo H3yr{eHtrl I4KoHLI trB,rtelct rroxcK KoHTcKcra, It t<o-'ropoM r{KoHa lroxct' 6lrrt npovnlaHa aAeKuarHo.
Io, uro uKoHa y[raKol]a flocttrrlcria cyal6alr Mocxoscxoro uirfJ-crBa, Ire lbr3brBoe r coMHeHltii y rrccJleAoBarc.ner.i. Tax, JI. A. [L[cn,rrlrKoRa B cral'bc, uanncauuor)i .[ju 9-ro ro]ua <<ffpaBoc;rasHol.i 3]rrlrjK-
rone1r1rr>> (2005), orMerlaer: <tVujarcrs co3Aan HKoHy' Bbl paxalo[lyx)
,r"o*oono-aocyAapcTBeHlIOe IIOTIUT:IHt1C BIaAHNIHpCXOn lrrortst B 3I1o-
i l 'UUp" Aiercen Muxur-l togtt. la <...> 14roHa t lc I ' tNleeT HiUIl lu.r{ c Ha-.
,uunriann. f,rasHal ee HAen - $oxec'rseHHoe nOKpOIll'IreJ'ItcTBo IIap-
cTByroueMy AOMy H focyAapcTBy MOCrOSCrON,ty, fl BngeMOe B.na!,lllt'tp-
aroi yrottoii,>19. Yruaros 6stl uapcrutu Lt3olpa$oM, 6o;tt'utNHctno ero
pa6or 6bInI4 lIc[oJIHeHbl .IL'Lq KpeMneBcKI'tx cooopoB l{ uapcKhx MoHac-
i1peit U, AeriCTBnTeIbHo, Ilr,tpa)KaJtta vt\ell <<UepKoBIlo-rOcyAapCTIleH-
H6fs,>. Ho <,Hacaxreutle ApeBa)>, KaK 6yATo, Hc rlpgHa.qnelilrr K tlap-
"*r" ,u*uruM. yuaKoB lioNlecTnr 3ry LTKOHy IJ UepKoBb cn. Tpotlilur
B HuKr4rrrEKax (fpy3HrJcKoii Eoxbefi Marepu): oI{ 6br-It nphxoxartl'ttloM
s.roi ueprnu20. B. l-. gy6uncxal orl{er!{Jqa nlpa,'{oKcarbHhrti xapaK-
Tep sroii cl{Tyaulln }{ npe.&qoxfina eil o6'LflcHeuue:
L lxor ry l tox t lopaccMaTpl tBaTbKaKr Io IeNt ' { l lgc r l t t i rpar ra r 'uo6p lu-ruuii e ce6.q BaxHbre ny6:rllrltc'rulecKl.{e ulleil BpeMetl}l tl cilyxtlBlrrnfi
uepKoBHo-penurHo3HbrNl O6OCgOnaurteu noiTHTt{K}l tlapcKofo npaB!{Iei-lh-
cr tsa B nepuoa c laHoB. i re l l l {q poccl l i icKoro a6co' l i rcrng;v la ' < ' - '> t ' tKoHa
6bIJIa, el4.(trMo, {lo3ilarejlbHo l4crlonb3oRaHa KaK cpencrBo lLqeorToruqec-
KO|O BO3IeI'ICTBrrfl HA [ItlpoKfle HapoaHr'Ie rpyru' B 3TOM' BO3N{O)KHO'
3aKnroqaeTorr oArio H3 O6lrrcHetrlrii roro (larra, r{T0 ot{a 6llra rtolrcule-
Ha He B UapcKHX lrajraTax, B KoTopbIX ee B[IAenlr 6ul ltlur HeMHoroqflc-
I eHHb le I I pHABOpHb lc ,aRuepKB l ITpo raq l rRL l l r x r r t t t n rax , rAeKDKI [b t l lnpaaocnaBHblrl, npnuegurtlii B xpaM, Nlor Jll{[espcru 3euuolo 6ota2l'
Taroe npe4noroxeHne He Kaxercl .locrarorlHo o6ocsouaHHrtlt u
TpeoyeT .qonorHr{TejrbHbrx AoKa3aTer.rr,cTB. fIO rpaiineli Mepe, Hut{cfo
He [:]BecTHO O CyuIec.fBOBaHr{H nptr Alercee MHxali.Iost{.{e npofpaM-
Mbi, cor :JracHo KoTopoi i l . rKoHbr, HanucaHrlb le Ha HeTpa.uuut{oHHble
croxe)Tbr, paccbIJIaJIHcb 6ut uo ropoAcKt{M uepKgtM rr''Is pa3brclleHl'l '{
AoKTllt{H o{rt4tll{anfHoi'i uAeo,rornu. Moxno ocropo)KHo npeAnojlo-
)Kr4Tb, rrTo nKoHa no cBoeMy 3aMbICJIy CB.q3aHa c ,4pyfltM KOHTeKCTOM.
B 1661-1668 r. VuraxoB KaK r,'IaBa tl3orpa@oB, pa6oraBlrttx B
Opyxer?Hoii naulare, 6sr,r :aunr, a roqHee roroBl'tilctl I]pt{crylll 'ITb K
6o-nruronry rc'rBonycHoMy rrpoeKTy - oogoBncHrl Io poclltlc tl f pit ttowr-
TOi i i lararbt . o. M. Kosru ' r l {ua cooptula .4oKyMeHlbI , CBf l3aHHblc c
3Tt{\{ [poeKToM. flepBblii yKa3 uapq o pocnucr{ oTHocl4Tctl elue K ceH-
rqooro 1663 r.: <,A,'Iercefi MHXaftroetaq <...> yKa3iUI npt{CnaTl B flptr-
t9 llleunurcoea JI. A. Bnatvur4pcKar rrKoHa Boxnefi Mareptr ,// ITpasoc]ntt'
Ha, 3HutrKioneanq. ..8,'laluMrrpcKaq t{Ko}ja Eoxtleii -- Bropoe llpl4txecTBrle>.
2005 . T 9 . C . 25 .20 Vrttaxon Hanlrciul ArIr IJraBuoro llKorrocracit lroro xparla uer'Il'Iii pt(jl 14Korl.
Bce onH 6sr,rfl co:aarrH r"lexgy 1657 rr 1668 rr. I,lntr caMoro nKol{ofiucu8 tl
efo po^(Hbrx 3aHeceHLl B CHtrOAr{K gTOfO XpaNra. 3ro .laer Ro3\'lo)KHocTb tto"Illt-
t.ur", uro Acxr vurarola Haxoar{i,lcrr B npr.{xoae 1(jpKlll cl. Tponuu tt Hllxnr-
ntwax (Tpe ue 0,4. K. fiarvrlrrru<n flpenue - PyccKofo r I c KJccTIJll I (CpF.llH f py:u t r -
cxoi i Boroptarept r lv{ocxne- M., 1913. C. 55 H cnca') '2t rly1uncxa;t B. f. Yrat. coq C. 308.
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Ka3 Bonbrxoro ABopUa ltKoHoIlHcUcB Ir IeBKauIuKoB, qro ecrr, B Opy_xeifuroM rpnKa3e, nucarr' r4N,r B fpaHoBr4Tofi rlil'Iare creHHoe rucbMo>.Horr,rii yKa3 o poctrucu 6r.r,1 4arr yxe B aBrycre 1667 r. CunoH Vura_KoB orBeqar Ha 3Tor yKa3 nMecre c MacrepaMlr, oByAa ne.naxtfi rocy_rrapb )rKaxer uuHe fpauonu.ryn rraJlary Harutcarb RHoBb caMbrM 4o6puvrrHcbMoM lpcxHero nyrqe Hn]4 r.rporlrB npexHero Harrr4carb u rofi na-JIATbI II TO,'II,IKOC MAJOE BPCM,q IIAIIIICATb HCKOTAA KO OKT'I6P}O MCC:'{UYHsKOr4Mr'r MepaMr He nocnerb n .uJrs roro npxxo"qur ripeMrr cryrcHoe uro creHHoe rrrlcMo 6y4er Herpenxo,r. B Hon6pe roro xe 1667 r. rlaplpa3btICHHI, qTO nUCaTb CneAyeT <(IIpOTHB IlpexHer0r, AJI' r{ef0 <<CHr.rM_Ku Mfl o6pasua c roro creHHar.o rt{cbMa cHflTb HbrHe l{ rrpuKa3arb o roMr,rKolrorl4cuy C-nvony, .1106rr uanucarr s rori naJrare re)K Betulr, qroHbrHe [L{caHbpr22. Llz nocreAotsaBu[x yKa3oB Uapq BuAHo, yro pQcrr4cbTaK 11 He 6r'I,ra ocyulecrrJJreHa. Ho nqn Hac BaxHo, qro vuaxon c KoHua1667 r. pa6oraer HaA onucaHr,rev fparronrrori na,narrr. Caun pocnucuHe coxpaHlLllrcl (onil 6ur,'lr4 sar4ellenr,r n i882 r.. HoBbrMll )Kl4BonltcHbr-Mrr KaprrrHaMu w3 6r,r6lei;icxorZ ra pyccxof.r ucropuL.), Ho onl,IcaHxeVnaxosa coxpaHuJlocb u 6i,uro ony6nurorauo f. (Dllllauononulr23.
Pocnprcr, fpaHonuroi,i rrairar'r 6srlu nocrpoeHhr BoKpyF A'Hacr't,iec_KOI"I reMarHKlt. Tararr reMaruKa BIroJrHe cooraercrBoBa.na roii pt>lr.r,KO'I'OpFO flillara nrpa,'ra: oHa 6ltla rpoHHbrM 3ailor\{, Mecrorlr orfrpaB-reHvtt r,[aBI{Llx uapcKnx puryaxoB Ir AlInJroMarrrqecKux riprrer\{oB.A. C. Hacn6ona fipeAnplrHqna [016rrlT peKoHcrpy].rponarl oCuryru lo_rrrK)' Tex pocnuceii, Koropbte o[t4cr,IBaJI Vutaron. Osa nuuet: <.Ha_nHcaHFIbIe B XpOHOtrOfHqecKoM IIOpflAKe, B <(aBlIXeHlI],I>> BnOJ'tL 3aIIaI_Hoft, nocrovuofi u roxuoii crcn K TpoHHoMy r\{ecry, Aefre.lu pyccxorlr'rcropr{u rar 6ul Bcrpcrraror roctefi. fa:repeo orKpbrBaror npeAqraBl{.re-.nu crapruefr nernn PropuroBlrqex (...> ofloprperHbre)> uso6paxeulr.n nfpaHonnrofi na,rlare oxBarbmarcT Bcru ltcroprax.l pyccKoro rocyAapcrBa.3Aecr 6.nu:xue v rulbqvrle npelrz MocKoBcKr{x npanure,refr - rHrstq Kri_escroii N B:raagvnpo-cy3Aanr'cKoii Pycra, rroroMKu lopraa [onropy-KOrO 14 ero cbrHa Bcenoloaa Eo,'lr,uroe fHe:10. flocle40uarenlurrfi prqIrpeAcraBr'ITenerl up.avori u ocuosHoii BerBu Ha\ij4Haercs c r,r:o6paxeHruA,rexcarupa Hencroro u flawuuna Ancxcarrapoulrea, a 3aBep[Jaerc, rloc_neAHlrM nparrTeJreM Jll4nacrl4r, - Oeaopor'r IrloanHoslrqcv,r24.
B poclucvt fpaxonnrofi nallarbl Bonnoulelja ra x<e I4Aetl npoucxox-
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lo"*p,uartto orAe,IbHoe caM.cro{TeJlbHoe ApeRo'---I4*orru
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Bo3MOXHo, 6u;ra oqsr',tlt nr ita6pocxoB Ha cnyqafi' ecrrl uapb Bce xe
perurlT AenaTb HoBble pocnl{clr <(BHOBb calllbll{ aoopblM fll{qbMoM [pex-
Hex) Jtylqe>, a He <(IIpoTuB rlpe)KHero')' Eclra c"IeAoBaTb rlInoTe3e o
cBrI3H I4KoHbI "
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Ho rrpeAllorlo*tu, tro-t Apyrxe creHbl AorD(IIu 6lt"tu 131p-::T^L:pt-
Bbfi, B ToM qHcne ApeBo KneBcKllX I'r ApeBO Br'IaALIlvrI4pCKHX rHlreii' B
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Kunra creflertHa rlapcKaro poaoc!'lolt4q' rlxe n Pycreit :elun l 6la-
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or 6om, rxo pafrcran ApeBeca HacaxaeHlt t'p' no"*o4ltt'tl'tx Boa ('-) tl
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crefieHMi4 Ha lle6o BocxoaHylo tecrBlllly ltenorole6'levy Bollpy3i{ua' no
seit xe Heso:tbpaHeH K 6ory nocxoa )'rBepAlrua ce6e xe x cylrluM no Htlx25'
llucxaraHrtlte npeArlonoxeHr{fl o ceMaHTIlKe n Fla3HaqeHl.{u IIKoH!'l
Cnuoua Yruaxosa <.HacaxreHue ApeBa tocy/lapcrBa Pocculicroro'>'
KOHegHo xe, 'rpe6ynr AtuIblIgiiIUKX H caMbIX T[larejlbHblx r'rgutcraultli'
Ho uoxuo c yBepenHocrblo yrBepxAarr': flepeA I{aMI'I cJioxnat 6apo(l-
Haq KoMro3l4ull.q' uKoHa-3araAKa' n ee Herb3q cBecr'1 i -1:li?^",lttt
MbIcJIfi' KoTopas ocTaeTcg Hc 6onee qeM [o,,Il4Tl,Iqecroi,i ler.llapaut{ei;i,>26.
flo,rttoc co6PaHuc FyccKlrx re-25 Kur'rra crefleHHaq ltapcKoro potrocnogyq
ton t t ce f t . Cn6 , 1908 ' T XX I T { ' ! ' C ' ^ : '
ii--irrroro B. L Pyccraa xllBonllcb XVII sera N{., 1984. c. 4022 Kouumuua J. M. loxyuerrrr,r XVII ts. no r4cropH' fpauonurori na,rarbr
Mocxoucroro Kpeluln // Marepv.asl,r H rrccreroBaHls. foi. rr.t-v:en lVlocxon-cxoro Kpeu.nq. M., 1973. C. 95-96.
2i onHcHrte Kurrf'I qapcKnx r]aJ,rar 30.norofi lr fpaHonurofi, cocraDreHHl,reCrvoucru Vruarour,tv r: 7672 r. Llsl. f. (Drururnlorrori. M., lgg2.2a Hacu1oaa A. C. K Bonpocy o6 rcropura 14 cot(cpxarruu pocnlrcu fpaHo_nuroil fla,ratr'l MocKoBcKofo KpeMnrr // locyftapcrveHHbre My3el, MocKoBcKoroKpeMlq. Marepnaru rr rrccr'reloBauys. M., 19g9. Bun. 6. C. 4g_60. Ilo_rr_Ha.rr pcKoHcrpyKrrxfi pocnnceri aarra Hacn60eofi R Klrufe: lIacu60ea A. C. foa.HoBHrar na.nara MocxollcKoro Kpelt.ltr. Jl., 1979. C. 90 n c,rel.
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