MISSISSIPPI AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY EXPERIMENT STATION • GEORGE M. HOPPER, DIRECTOR MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY • MARK E. KEENUM, PRESIDENT • GREGORY A BOHACH, VICE PRESIDENT Information Bulletin 502 October 2015 Mississippi Corn for Grain HYBRID TRIALS, 2015 MISSISSIPPI’S OFFICIAL VARIETY TRIALS
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MISSISSIPPI AGRICULTURAL & FORESTRY EXPERIMENT STATION • GEORGE M. HOPPER, DIRECTOR
MISSISSIPPI STATE UNIVERSITY • MARK E. KEENUM, PRESIDENT • GREGORY A BOHACH, VICE PRESIDENT
Information Bulletin 502 October 2015
MississippiCorn for Grain
HYBRID TRIALS, 2015MISSISSIPPI’S OFFICIAL VARIETY TRIALS
Tom AllenPlant Pathologist
Delta Research and Extension Center
Wes BurgerAssociate Director
Mississippi Agricultural and ForestryExperiment Station
Joe CampIndustry Representative
Agriliance
Greg FergusonIndustry Representative
Monsanto
Phillip GoodProducer Representative
Jeff HollowellIndustry Representative
DuPont Pioneer
Billy JohnsonSenior Research Assistant
Coastal Plain Branch Experiment Station
Mark KurtzVariety Trial Coordinator
Mississippi State University
Erick LarsonAssociate Professor
MSU Plant and Soil Sciences
Reuben MooreAssociate Director
Mississippi Agricultural and ForestryExperiment Station
Charlie StokesArea Agronomy AgentMSU Extension Service
Glover TriplettAgronomist
MSU Plant and Soil Sciences
Dennis RoweStatistician
Experimental Statistics Unit Mississippi State University
Paul Williams (Chair)Research Geneticist
USDA Agricultural Research ServiceCrop Science Research Laboratory
TECHNICAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
NOTICE TO USERThis Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station information bulletin is a sum-mary of research conducted under project number MIS 1414 at locations shown on themap on the second page. It is intended for colleagues, cooperators, and sponsors. Theinterpretation of data presented in this report may change after additional experimentation.Information included is not to be construed as a recommendation for use or as an en-dorsement of a specific product by Mississippi State University or the Mississippi Agricul-tural and Forestry Experiment Station.
This report contains data generated as part of the Mississippi Agricultural and ForestryExperiment Station research program. Joint sponsorship by the organizations listed onpages 2-3 is gratefully acknowledged.
Trade names of commercial products used in this report are included only for clarity andunderstanding. All available names (i.e., trade names, chemical names, etc.) of productsused in this research project are listed on pages 2-3.
Mississippi Corn for GrainHybrid Trials, 2015
Brad Burgess Director, Research Support/Variety TestingMississippi State University
Jake Bullard Assistant Director, Variety TestingMississippi State University
Andy BraswellArea Extension AgentLeflore County Extension Office
Jon CarsonExtension AgentIssaquena County Extension Service
Sean HortonFarm ManagerDelta Research and Extension Center
Erick LarsonAssociate Extension/Research Professor MSU Plant and Soil Sciences
Bisoondat MacoonAssociate Professorand Interim Facilities CoordinatorBrown Loam Branch Experiment Station
Dennis ReginelliArea Extension AgentNoxubee County Extension Office
Dennis RoweStatisticianMississippi State University
Charlie StokesArea Agronomy AgentMSU Extension Service
For more information, contact Burgess at (662) 325-2390; email, [email protected]. Recognition is given to JasonHillhouse and Jerry W. Nail, research technicians for the Variety Trial Program, for their assistance in packaging, planting,harvesting, and recording plot data. This publication was prepared by Dixie Albright, office associate for MAFES ResearchSupport Units.This document was approved for publication as Information Bulletin 502 of the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Exper-iment Station. It was published by the Office of Agricultural Communications, a unit of the Mississippi State UniversityDivision of Agriculture, Forestry, and Veterinary Medicine.Copyright 2015 by Mississippi State University. All rights reserved. This publication may be copied and distributed withoutalteration for nonprofit educational purposes provided that credit is given to the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Exper-iment Station.Find variety trial information online at mafes.msstate.edu/variety-trials.
MAFES Official Variety Trial Contributors
TODD HEIGLE FARM Rolling Fork
RICKY BELK FARMMinter City xxxxxxx
BROWN LOAM BRANCH Raymond
DELTA BRANCH Stoneville BLACK BELT BRANCH
Brooksville
CLIFTON FARMS Hernando
CHRIS AUSBORN FARMAberdeen
Corn Hybrid TEST LOCATIONS
DORSEY UNRUH FARMMacon
Yield: An Almaco SPC 40 plot combine was used toharvest the total area of each plot. Harvested grain wasweighed, moisture was determined, and yields wereconverted to bushels per acre at 14% moisture.
Ear Height: Ear height is the distance from the soil tothe highest ear-bearing node.Harvest Population: Harvest population is a measureof the number of plants per acre, based on actual standcounts.
Trials were conducted on Experiment Station land oron grower-cooperator fields in two geographical areasin Mississippi: Area I, located in the hill region of Mis-sissippi (one irrigated and four dryland locations); andArea II, located in the Delta region of Mississippi (threeirrigated locations) (see map). Commercial seed com-panies were given the opportunity to enter hybrids ineither Area I or Area II or both. Plots consisted of two 30-inch rows, 15 feet long.
Weeds were controlled by cultivation and/or herbicides.Only herbicides currently registered for use on cornwere used in these studies, with strict adherence to alllabel instructions.
All hybrids were treated with Poncho or Cruiser forseedling insect control. Experimental design was a ran-domized complete block with four replications at eachlocation.Seed of all entries were supplied by participating
companies. All seed were packaged for planting at seed-ing rates suggested by the participating company andplanted with a cone planter. Fertilizer was appliedaccording to soil test recommendations. Plots in Area Iwere grown under both dryland and irrigated condi-tions, and plots in Area II were grown under irrigatedconditions. All irrigated trials were either furrow orcenter-pivot irrigated, as necessary.
Mississippi Corn for GrainHybrid Trials, 2015
PROCEDURES
VARIABLES MEASURED IN THE CORN HYBRID TESTS
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 1
The yield potential of a given hybrid cannot be measuredwith complete accuracy. Consequently, replicate plots of allhybrids are evaluated for yield, and the yield of a givenhybrid is estimated as the mean of all replicate plots of thathybrid. Yields vary somewhat from one replicate plot toanother, which introduces a certain degree of error to thevalue. As a result, although the mean yields of some hybridsare numerically different, the two hybrids may not be sig-nificantly different from each other within the range ofnatural variation. That is, the ability to measure yield is notprecise enough to determine what the small differences are,other than what might be observed purely by chance.The least significant difference (LSD) is an estimate
of the smallest difference between two hybrids that canbe declared to be the result of something other thanrandom variation in a particular trial. Consider the fol-lowing example for a given trial:
The difference between hybrid A and hybrid B is 5bu/A (i.e., 90 - 85 = 5). This difference is smaller thanthe LSD (7 bu/A). Consequently, we would concludethat hybrid A and hybrid B have the same yield poten-tial, since we are unable to say that the observeddifference did not occur purely due to chance. However,the difference between hybrid A and hybrid C is 9 bu/A(i.e., 90 - 81 = 9), which is larger than the LSD (7 bu/A).We would therefore conclude that the yield potential ofhybrid A is superior to that of hybrid C.The coefficient of variation (CV) is a measure of the
relative precision of a given trial and is used to comparethe relative precision of different trials. The CV is gen-
USE OF DATA TABLES AND SUMMARY STATISTICS
Table 1. Characteristics provided by sponsoring companiesfor corn hybrids entered in the Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Trials, 2015.
Company Hybrid Trait Planting rate Seed Days to(x1000) treatment maturity
2 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls , 2015
erally considered an estimate of the amount of unex-plained variation in a given trial. This unexplainedvariation can be the result of variation between plotswith respect to soil type, fertility, insects, diseases,moisture stress, etc. Overall, as the CV increases, theprecision of a given trial decreases. The coefficient of determination (R2) is another
measure of the level of precision in a trial and is alsoused to compare the relative precision of different trials.
The R2 is a measure of the amount of variation that isexplained, or accounted for, in a given trial. For exam-ple, an R2 value of 90 percent indicates that 90 percentof the observed variation in the trial has been accountedfor in the trial, with the remaining 10 percent beingunaccounted for. The higher the R2 value, the more pre-cise the trial. The R2 is generally considered a bettermeasure of precision than the CV for comparison ofdifferent trials.
Table 1 (continued). Characteristics provided by sponsoring companiesfor corn hybrids entered in the Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Trials, 2015.
Company Hybrid Trait Planting rate Seed Days to(x1000) treatment maturity
Starter — 10-20-5-1S-0.43Zn @ 20 gal/A (applied 2x2)Sidedress — N @ 50 lb/A (32% UAN) on April 22, N @ 74 lb/A (32% UAN)on May 5, and N @ 74 lb/A (32% UAN) on May 12
Herbicide applied . . . . . .Preemergence — Lexar @ 2 qt/A and Gramoxone @ 1 qt/A on April 3Postemergence — Roundup PowerMAX @ 1 qt/A, Calisto @ 3 oz/A,and Atrazine @ 8 oz/A on May 12
Plots were planted on April 3 into a stale seedbed thathad been hipped and rolled the previous fall. Soil mois-ture at planting was optimum for germination, and allplots quickly emerged to a stand. Very wet conditions
were observed in the next few weeks after planting. Fol-lowing this initial rainy period, the crop experienced aconsiderable dry period during May and June. Plotswere harvested in a timely manner.
BLACK BELT BRANCH Brooksville
10 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls , 2015
Table 8. Results from 63 corn hybrids grown without irrigation on a Brooksvillesilty clay soil at the MAFES Black Belt Branch, Brooksville, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Stalk Moisture Harvested name number1 yield average average height lodging content population
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 11
Table 8 (continued). Results from 63 corn hybrids grown without irrigation on a Brooksvillesilty clay soil at the MAFES Black Belt Branch, Brooksville, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Stalk Moisture Harvested name number1 yield average average height lodging content population
The corn plots were planted into a stale seedbedon April 2. The soil conditions at planting were idealfor germination. All plots quickly emerged to a good
stand. Harvest was completed in a timely manner,and good yields were observed.
CHRIS AUSBORN FARMAberdeen
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 13
Table 9. Results from 63 corn hybrids grown without irrigationon a Houston clay soil near Aberdeen, Monroe County, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Moisture Harvestedname number1 yield average average height content population
The corn plots were planted on April 3 into a staleseedbed that had been prepared the previous fall. Soilconditions at planting were optimum for germination,and all plots quickly emerged to a good stand. The com-
bination of timely irrigation and rainfall allowed foradequate soil moisture throughout the entire growingseason. Harvest was completed in a timely manner, andgood yields were observed at this location.
DORSEY UNRUH FARM Macon
16 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls , 2015
Table 10. Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with center-pivot irrigationon a Vaiden silty clay soil near Macon, Noxubee County, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Stalk Moisture Harvested name number1 yield average average height lodging content population
Corn plots were planted into a stale seedbed with condi-tions favorable for germination during the first week ofMay. Frequent rainfall during the spring resulted in satu-rated soil conditions that delayed planting. After planting,
all plots emerged to a good stand. The clay soil and Mayrains, along with the high temperatures, were the primaryfactors limiting yield. Harvest was completed in a timelymanner without difficulties.
DELTA BRANCH Stoneville
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 19
Table 11. Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with furrow irrigationon a Sharkey clay soil at MAFES Delta Branch, Stoneville, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Moisture Harvestedname number1 yield average average height content population
Corn plots were planted into a field that had beenfreshly disked, hipped, and do-alled. Soil conditions atplanting were perfect for germination. All plots quicklyemerged to a good stand. The combination of rainfall
and timely irrigation allowed for ample soil moisturethroughout the growing season. Plots were harvested ina timely manner, and excellent yields were observed.
DELTA BRANCH Stoneville
22 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls , 2015
Table 12. Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with furrow irrigation on a Bosketvery fine sandy loam soil at the MAFES Delta Branch Station, Stoneville, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Moisture Harvestedname number1 yield average average height content population
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 23
Table 12 (continued). Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with furrow irrigation on a Bosketvery fine sandy loam soil at the MAFES Delta Branch Station, Stoneville, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Moisture Harvestedname number1 yield average average height content population
Corn plots were planted into a stale seedbed with soilmoisture optimum for germination. All plots quicklyemerged to a good stand. Ample rainfall and timely irri-
gation supplied sufficient soil moisture throughout thegrowing season. Harvest was completed in a timelymanner without difficulties.
TODD HEIGLE FARM Rolling Fork
Mississippi Agr icultural and Forestry Exper iment Stat ion 25
Table 13. Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with furrow irrigationon a Commerce silty clay loam soil near Rolling Fork, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Moisture Harvestedname number1 yield average average height content population
Corn plots were planted on March 20 into a staleseedbed with favorable conditions for planting and ger-mination. Heavy rains and cool weather in the weeksafter planting slowed emergence considerably. Theseweather conditions resulted in stands that were less
than desirable, but they were suitable. The remainder ofthe growing season after emergence was very favorablefor corn production. As a result, good yields wereachieved, and harvest was completed without any diffi-culties.
RICKY BELK FARM Minter Cityxx
28 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls , 2015
Table 14. Results from 76 corn hybrids grown with furrow irrigationon a Dubs and Dundee silt loam soil near Minter City, 2015.
Brand Hybrid 2015 2-year 3-year Ear Stalk Moisture Harvested name number1 yield average average height lodging content population
30 Mississippi Corn for Grain Hybrid Tr ia ls, 2015
RAYMONDData Not Reported Due to Poor Stand
Corn harvest data and hybrid yield performance arenot published from the trial planted at the Brown LoamBranch Experiment Station near Raymond due to sub-stantial stand issues. Poor stands and substantial
variability were created by temporary flooding and soilsaturation resulting from abundant rainfall thatoccurred in the weeks after planting but before emer-gence.
HERNANDOData Not Reported Due to Wildlife Predation
Corn harvest data and hybrid yield performance arenot published from the trial planted at Clifton Farms,near Hernando, due to the devastation of some plotscaused by wildlife predation. The result of these ani-mals’ feeding reduced the yield potential of multiplevarieties by actually consuming the grain, as well asbreaking off plants or causing them to lodge so much
that they could not be harvested. Harvest was com-pleted, and the statistics indicated a high number ofabnormally low yield data. This information did notallow for a fair comparison among hybrids becausesome hybrids’ yield potential was greatly diminisheddue to the wildlife feeding preference.
Mention of a trademark or proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee orwarranty of the product by the Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station and doesnot imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that also may be suitable.
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