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MISMIS IT as a Key ResourceIT as a Key ResourceBy: Ivy Kim DacumosBy: Ivy Kim Dacumos--MachicaMachica


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Objectives:Objectives:

Describe the important characteristics of

information technology (IT) as a key

organizational resource.


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IT as a Key ResourceIT as a Key Resource

Information Technology (IT), is any

computer-based tool that people use to work

with information and support the informationand information-processing needs of an

organization.


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IT as a Key ResourceIT as a Key Resource cont.cont.

Includes:

Cell phone or PDA

Home computer

Large Networks

Internet


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Key Technology CategoriesKey Technology Categories

1. Hardware

Consists of the physical devices that make up

a computer.

2. Software

Set of instructions that your hardware

executes to carry out a specific task for you.


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Technology HardwareTechnology Hardware

Input Device

Tool you use to enter information and

commands.

Output Device

Tool you use to see, hear, or otherwise

recognize the results of your information-processing requests.


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Technology HardwareTechnology Hardware cont.cont.

Storage Device

Tool you use to store information for use at a

later time.

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

The hardware that interprets and executes the

system and application software instructionsand coordinates the operation of all the

hardware.


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Technology HardwareTechnology Hardware cont.cont.

Telecommunications Device

Tool you use to send information to and receive

it from another person or computer in a network.

Connecting Hardware

Includes such things as parallel ports and

internal connecting devices (buses).


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Technology SoftwareTechnology Software

Three Main types:

1. Application Software

Enables you to solve specific problems or performspecific tasks

2. System Software

Handles tasks specific to technology management

and coordinates the interaction of all technologydevices.


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Technology SoftwareTechnology Software cont.cont.

3. Utility Software

Provides additional functionality to your operating

system software.

Includes: anti-virus software, screen savers, disk

optimization software, uninstaller, file security, and

etc.


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Decentralized ComputingDecentralized Computing

An environment in which an organization

distributes computing power and locates it in

functional business areas as well as on thedesktop of knowledge workers


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Shared InformationShared Information

An environment in which an organization's

information is organized in one or more

central locations, allowing anyone to accessand use it as he or she needs to.


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Mobile ComputingMobile Computing

Ability to use technology to wirelessly

connect to and use centrally located

information and/or application software. m-commerce

Describe electronic commerce conducted over

a wireless device.


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IT in support of BusinessIT in support of Business

Competitive Advantage

Providing a product or service in a way that

customers value more than what thecompetition is able to do.


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Operational ExcellenceOperational Excellence

Transaction Processing System (TPS)

A system that processes transactions within an

organization. Customer Self-service system

An extension of a TPS that places technology in

the hands of an organizations customers andallows them to process their own transactions.


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Major Business InitiativesMajor Business Initiatives

Supply Chain Management (SCM)

Tracks inventory and information among

business processes and across companies Electronic Data Interchange

The direct computer-to-computer transfer of

transaction information contained in standardbusiness documents, such as invoices and

purchase orders.


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Major Business InitiativesMajor Business Initiatives cont.cont.

Knowledge Management System

Supports the capturing, organization, and

dissemination of knowledge throughout anorganization.


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Decision MakingDecision Making

1. Executive Information System (EIS)

Is a highly interactive IT system that allows you

to first view highly summarized information andthen choose how you would like to see greater

detail, which may alert you to potential problems

or opportunities.


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Decision MakingDecision Making cont.cont.

2. Collaboration System

A system that is designed specifically to

improve the performance of teams bysupporting the sharing and flow of information.


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Decision MakingDecision Making cont.cont.

3. Artificial Intelligence

Is the science of making machines imitate

human thinking and behavior. Ex. Neural networks.

Capable of finding and differentiating patterns within

information


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You and Your InformationYou and Your Information

Answer the following questions with a

simple yes or no.

1. Do you meet your meter reader to verify

the correct reading of your water or

electricity usage?


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You and Your InformationYou and Your Information cont.cont.

2. As you shop, do you keep a record of the

prices of your groceries and then compare

that record to the register receipt?

3. When you a receive a tuition bill, do you

pull out your calculator, add up the amounts,and verify that the total is correct?


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You and Your InformationYou and Your Information cont.cont.

4. Do you count your coin change when you

receive it from a store clerk?

How many answered yes?

How many answered no?


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