MIS - Final Note

Management Information System(Introduction)

Umesh Hodeghatta Rao

Management dimension of information systems

• Managers set organizational strategy for responding to business challenges

• Managers must act creatively:– Creation of new products and services– Occasionally re-creating the organization

Functional Business Processes

• Manufacturing and production– Assembling the product

• Sales and marketing– Identifying customers

• Finance and accounting– Creating financial statements

• Human resources– Hiring employees

Eneterprise Knwoledge

• Three major types of knowledge in enterprise1. Structured documents

• Reports, presentations• Formal rules

2. Semistructured documents• E-mails, videos

3. Unstructured knowledge

• 80% of an organization’s business content is semistructured or unstructured

Management Information Systems• Serve Management

• Reports on firm’s current performance, based on data from TPS

• Answers to routine questions• Operation efficiency

• Monthly Expenditures

• Marketing Strategy

• Sales Numbers

Management Information System

• Management Information Systems– Combines computer science, management

science, operations research and practical orientation with behavioral issues

• Four main actors– Suppliers of hardware and software– Employees– Environment (legal, social, cultural context)– Customers

The Growth of Interntional Information Systems

AN HP LAPTOP’S PATH TO MARKET

HP and other electronics companies assign distribution and production of their products to a number of different countries.

Source: MIS, Laudon and Laudon

How MIS Can Add Value to the Organization

• To enable Innovative growth and productivity throughout the organization

• Strategic• To gain and sustain competitive advantage over rivals

• Market Leader• Need to constantly innovate to stay ahead

Example 1Loan application processing comparison

Process start: customer takes the application Process end: customer notified of the decision

– Manual loan process – 25 to 40 days– Technology-Supported Process - 5 to 20 days– Fully automated process – 1 hour to 15 days

MIS Report– How many number of Applications processed in a

month/quarter/year– Identify peak times during the year when specific loans are

processed

Example 2Marketing Strategy For specific productStrategic Planning: Forming a vision of where the organization needs to head; crafting an organizational strategy defining the way in which a company plans to gain/sustain

MIS Report should help in identifying:- Niche- Low cost strategy- Better Service/Competitors- Target Market

Developing MIS

• MIS Systems should address a business need

Money, Time Resources

Developing MIS (Contd..)

• Understand – what is needed by the business– what the system does

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Businessneeds

Applicationfunctionality

Understand Business Needs• Determine key features needed by the business• Requirements Gathering

– Business Requirement– Customer requirement– Users/Employees Requirement

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MIS Analyst

Sample Questions• Who are the customers?• What are the business drivers (the business case)?• Who are the participants?• Can the system create competitive advantage?• What does the system do?• Are there risks with implementing the system?• What type(s) of information system is it?• What are the processes it performs?• What are the key evaluation measures for success?

Build Information System

• Identify key features needed• Verify Software/Hardware/IT

Systems/Application– Talk to software/hardware Vendors

• What it supports

– Talk to organizations which have bought, built, or subscribed to this or similar products

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Outsourcing• Outsourcing, the process of hiring another organization to perform a

service, can provide advantages like the ones shown in this figure. • India is the most popular foreign outsourcer because of its large, well-

educated, English-speaking population who earn 20 to 30 percent less in labor costs than their U.S. counterparts.

Source: MIS, Laudon and Laudon, Pearson

International outsourcing is well-suited to 24/7 operations like customer support.

Some say outsourcing is a threat to U.S. technology leadership.

More Examples

• Financial Planning/Report– Monthly Performance– Quarterly Reports– Payroll

• Health Care Management Reports• Nursing Data• Doctor’s Schedule• Ambulance Availability/Management

More Examples…

• IT in Agriculture– Pre-cultivation– Post-cultivation

• IT in Education• IT in Health Care

– CRS (Catholic Relief Services)

Topics Covered• MIS and Types – MIS, DSS, ESS, etc.• How Business Use Information Systems• Information Systems, Organization and Strategy

– CRM – Customer Relation Management– TPS – Transaction Processing System– KMS – Knowledge Management System– Intranet, Extranet, Internet

• IT Infrastructure– Hardware and Software, Servers, Databases, Mobile Technology

• Telecommunications, Internet and WIreless– LAN, WAN, Internet, ISPs, Wireless, DNS, TCP/IP, etc.

• Hands-On Labs – MS Excel• Case studies• Class presenations

Final Exam

• IT Infrastructure– Hardware and Software, Servers, Databases, Mobile Technology

• Telecommunications, Internet and WIreless– LAN, WAN, Internet, ISPs, Wireless, DNS, TCP/IP, etc.

• How Business Use Information Systems• Information Systems, Organization and Strategy

End Of Session