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MIOSHAPart 554 Bloodborne Infectious Diseases
Train the Trainer ProgramModule 1
Presented By: Presented By: Consultation Education & Training (CET) DivisionConsultation Education & Training (CET) Division
Michigan Occupational Safety & Health Administration Michigan Occupational Safety & Health Administration Michigan Department of Energy, Labor & Economic Growth Michigan Department of Energy, Labor & Economic Growth
Contaminated Sharps: contaminated object that can penetrate the skin, including:NeedlesScalpelsBroken glassBroken capillary tubesExposed ends of dental wires
Rule 2 Definitions Continued
Engineering Controls: controls (e.g., sharps disposal containers, self-sheathing needles, safer medical devices, such as sharps with engineered sharps injury protections and needleless systems) that isolate or remove the bloodborne pathogen hazard from the workplace.
Rule 2 Definitions Continued
Exposure: reasonably anticipated skin, eye, mucous membrane, or parenteral contact with blood or [OPIM] that may result from the performance of an employee’s duties.
Exposure Incident: specific eye, mouth, other mucous membrane, nonintact skin, or parenteral contact with blood or other potentially infectious materials that results from the performance of an employee’s duties.*
*Does not include incidental exposures which may take place on the job, which are neither reasonable nor routinely expected
Assessing Risk
Exposed person without HBV immunity (vaccine) via needlestick from confirmed HBV source: 6-30% acquire HBV if no post-exposure
follow-up Post-exposure administration of Hepatitis B
immune globulin and vaccine is >90% effective in preventing HBV infection.
HIV exposure via needlestick from positive source is average of 0.3% become HIV +
*NIOSH Alert Publication No. 2000-108 Preventing Needlestick Injuries in Health Care Settings (External link)
Rule 2 Definitions Continued
Needleless Systems: means a device that does not use needles for: Collection or withdrawal of bodily
fluids Administration of medication or fluids Other procedure involving potential for
occupational exposure Sharps with engineered sharps injury
protections: [devices that have] built-in safety feature or mechanism that effectively reduces the risk of an exposure incident.
Examples of Safer syringes
Self-Sheathing
Retractable
Attached to syringe needle
Examples of Phlebotomy Safer Devices
Attached to blood tube holder
Examples of Retracting lancets with safety features
Before During After
Before During After
In use After use
Rule 2 Definitions Continued
Regulated Waste: Liquid or semiliquid blood or [OPIM] Contaminated items that would release blood or
[OPIM] if compressed. Items which are caked with dried blood or [OPIM] Contaminated sharps Pathological and microbiological waste that
contains blood or [OPIM]
Note: If material is dripping or caked (with dried blood), it must be disposed as regulated waste.
The next slide will provide questions to assist with reviewing the Bloodborne Infectious Diseases Standard Rule 2 Definitions
Rule 2 Definitions Questions and Answers:
True or False:1. Hepatitis C is a bloodborne pathogen.
True2. Blood exposure on intact skin is considered an exposure
incident. False. Rule 2 (o) Definition for exposure incident includes nonintact skin.
3. Fecal material is classified as an “other potentially infectious material.” False, unless visually contaminated with blood. Rule 2(s)(J)
Questions and answers will appear below. There will be delays to allow time to answer the questions.
Rule 3 Exposure Determination
Evaluate routine and reasonably anticipated tasks to determine employee exposure to blood or [OPIM]
Classify employees as either category A or B
Rule 3 Exposure Determination Category “A” involves exposure or reasonably
anticipated exposure during routine and nonroutine required tasks. Includes emergency/1st aid responders.
Category “B” do not require tasks that involve exposure to blood or other potentially infectious material.
Determine without regard to protective equipment. Determine/document rationale. Maintain list of all “A” job classifications.
Rule 4 Exposure Control Plan Exposure Determination (Category A or B) Summary of the training program. Procedures for evaluating exposure incidents Task specific Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) to
include: Employee recognition of exposure Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) selection, use,
maintenance, and disposal Contingency Plans
Task-specific SOPs for management of inadvertent exposures such as needlesticks
Rule 4 Exposure Control Plan Continued
Review at least annually: Tasks and procedures Changes in technology that eliminate or reduce
exposure Document consideration and implementation of
medical devices that are: Appropriate: does not cause death, injury or
illness in the patient Commercially available Effective: reduces or eliminates potential for
employee exposure to blood and OPIM
Rule 4 Exposure Control Plan
Employer shall solicit input from non-managerial employees involved in direct patient care in the: Identification;Evaluation; and,Selection of effective engineering and
work practice controls. Must document in the plan
The next slide will provide questions to assist with reviewing the Bloodborne Infectious Diseases Standard:
Rule 3 Exposure Determination
Rule 4 Exposure Control Plan
Rule 4 Exposure Control PlanQuestions and Answers:
True or False:
1. Annual review of the exposure control plan is required.
True. Rule 4(d)
2. Non-managerial employees are to be involve in the selection of effective engineering controls.
True. Rule 4(h)
3. The exposure control plan must include task specific standard operating procedures.
True. Rule 4(b)(v)
Questions and answers will appear below. There will be delays to allow time to answer the questions.
Rule 6 Engineering Controls
SHALL be used in combination with work practice controls to minimize or eliminate employee exposure
Provide hand washing facilities which are readily accessible to employees… [or] appropriate antiseptic hand cleanser with clean cloth
Rule 7 Work Practices
PPE shall be removed before leaving the work area Garment penetrated with blood or [OPIM] shall be
removed immediately Wash hands immediately after removing gloves or
other protective clothing* Wash hands after contact with blood or [OPIM]
*If blood or OPIM are present, hands must be washed. If no contact with blood or OPIM, waterless cleansers may be used. See Federal OSHA documentation (External link).
Rule 7 Work Practices Continued
Needles shall not be sheared, bent or broken, recapped, resheathed or *removed unless no alternative is feasible
Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics or lip balm, or handling contact lenses is prohibited where there is reasonable anticipation for exposure.
*Reuse of tube holders is prohibited. See Federal OSHA document (External link).
Rule 7 Work Practices Continued
Food and drink shall not be stored in refrigerators, freezers, shelves….or in areas of possible contamination
All procedures shall be performed in a manner that minimizes splashing, spraying and aerosolization of blood or [OPIM]
Mouth pipetting is prohibited.
The next slide will provide questions to assist with reviewing the Bloodborne Infectious Diseases Standard:
Rule 6 Engineering Controls
Rule 7 Work Practices
Rule 6-7 Engineering and Work Practice Controls Questions and Answers:
True or False:1. Use of engineering controls is optional.
False. Rule 6 (1) states that engineering controls shall be used.
2. Employees are required to wash hands following exposure to blood.True. Rule 7(2)(d)
3. Blood collection needles may be removed from blood collection tube holders before disposal.False. Review Rule 7 and Federal OSHA Document (External link)
Questions and answers will appear below. There will be delays to allow time to answer the questions.
Rule 8 Protective work clothing and equipment
PPE shall be provided and used Employer shall ensure that an employee
uses PPE Assure appropriate PPE readily accessible
at no cost Provide for cleaning, laundering, or
disposal of PPE Repair or replacement of PPE Gloves shall be worn
Rule 9 Housekeeping
An employer shall assure that the worksite is maintained in a clean and sanitary condition.
All on the following EPA lists are appropriate:List A: Sterilants List B: Tuberculocides List D: Against HBV & HIV-1List E: TB, HIV-1 and HBV
NOT LIST C (Effective against HIV-1 only)
EPA Approved Disinfectants (External Link)
The next slide will provide questions to assist with reviewing the Bloodborne Infectious Diseases Standard:
Rule 8 Protective work clothing and equipment
Rule 9 Housekeeping
Rule 8-9 PPE and Housekeeping Questions and Answers:
1. The employer is required to ensure employees wear personal protective equipment.
True. Rule 8(1)(b)
2. Bleach is the only appropriate disinfectant.
False. Rule 9 (1)(a) states that an appropriate disinfectant be used. EPA registered disinfectants at least effective against HIV and HBV are appropriate.
Questions and answers will appear below. There will be delays to allow time to answer the questions.
Contact MIOSHA for Additional Information
Questions: www.michigan.gov/askmiosha Consultation Education and Training
Division: (517) 322-1809 General Industry Safety and Health
Division (Compliance): (517) 322-1831 Link to additional online resources. Return to the MIOSHA homepage.
Thank you for participating
Continue to Bloodborne Infectious Diseases Training program Module-2