Modern Techniques Modern Techniques of Energy Wood Production of Energy Wood Production on Farmland on Farmland Volkhard Scholz and Thomas Hoffmann Volkhard Scholz and Thomas Hoffmann 7th International Research and Development 7th International Research and Development Conference of Central and East European Conference of Central and East European Institutes of Agricultural Engineering(CEE Institutes of Agricultural Engineering(CEE AgEng) AgEng) Minsk/Belarus, 8-10th June 2011 Minsk/Belarus, 8-10th June 2011 1. 1. Introduction Introduction 2. 2. Planting machines Planting machines 3. 3. Harvesting machines Harvesting machines 4. 4. Clearing machines Clearing machines 5. 5. Storage of chips Storage of chips 6. 6. Production costs Production costs 7. 7. Summary Summary
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Modern Techniques Modern Techniques of Energy Wood Production of Energy Wood Production
on Farmlandon FarmlandVolkhard Scholz and Thomas HoffmannVolkhard Scholz and Thomas Hoffmann
7th International Research and Development 7th International Research and Development Conference of Central and East European Conference of Central and East European Institutes of Agricultural Engineering(CEE AgEng) Institutes of Agricultural Engineering(CEE AgEng) Minsk/Belarus, 8-10th June 2011Minsk/Belarus, 8-10th June 2011
1.1. IntroductionIntroduction2.2. Planting machinesPlanting machines3.3. Harvesting machinesHarvesting machines4.4. Clearing machinesClearing machines5.5. Storage of chipsStorage of chips6.6. Production costsProduction costs7.7. Summary Summary
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Energy wood from farmlandShort Rotation Coppice
High stable yields (poplar 10 tDM/ha/y)in spite of low expenses(1 x plant, >20 y utilize)
No or small application ofnitrogen and pesticides. Few contents of pollutantssuch as N, S, Cl, K etc.
Environmentally friendly production (N2O-Emissions).
Decontamination of soil from heavy metals (Cd, Zn).C-sequestration in soil.
Favourable harvest time (Dec...Feb.)Eligible harvest intervaldep. on market (1...20 y)
Set aside land subsidies 30...40 €/tDM or energy crop subsidies 4...6 €/tDM
Application of up-to-date environmentally friendly wood boilers!!!
SRC wood is a „new“ anda promising biofuel.
PoplarWillow
SRW = SRC = Short Rotation Coppice = Fast growing treesSRW = SRC = Short Rotation Coppice = Fast growing trees
1) Standard forage harvester with forest tyres and special header, partly with reinforced drum, header hydraulics and underbody protection.2) Standard tractor with front or rear pto shaft and 3-point front suspension. 3) The second summand states the distance between adjacent twin rows. The mounted cutting chipper can where applicable also be used to harvest twin rows, however where row spacing is < 1.0 m only with appropriate tyres. 4) Valid for primary processing time (PPT) or execution time (ET).
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Technical data of promising cutter-chippers for single-phase chip lines
During the past 30 years a multitude of machines for planting and harvesting of short rotation coppices (SRC) were developed and tested in Europe. However, caused by the low need, only a few of them exceeded the prototype stage.
There are three harvesting lines: log, rod, and chip lines. The latter are the cheapest but cause problems in long-term storage, particularly dry matter losses and mold fungi development in unventilated piles.
Best chances in future will have rod cutters as well as special cutter units for conventional forage harvesters and cutter-chipper units for conventional farm tractors.
The latter being else in R&D stage will have lower working rates, however, they are cheap and lightweight and offer the opportunity to produce well-storable chips > 50 mm and to harvest big poplars up to 5 years.
The supply costs of SRC chips range between 45 and 90 €/tDM and are significantly lower than the current wood chip price in Germany.