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Birmingham Theological Seminary 2200 Briarwood Way

Birmingham, Alabama 35243205-776-5650

Fall 2018 Home: 205-(538-3228)PT5523 Ministry of the Word I/Expository Preaching I Cell Phone: 205-215-3209Professor: Michael E. Reese, M.A., D.Min. Fax: 205-538-3228Class Hours: 2 Email: address [email protected]

Course Purpose:

This purpose of this course is to examine the theology, history and practice of expository preaching. Attention will be given to the biblical/theological basis for expository preaching/the ministry of the Word, the historical development of preaching without notes, and hermeneutical issues related to the art of expository preaching. The essential and relevant nature of expository preaching for the 21 st

century church will be emphasized.

Course Objectives:

It is intended that students who successfully completes this course will:

1. Be advanced in their use of developing and proclaiming effective expository messages.2. Be enhanced in their ability to exegete scripture systematically.3. Be efficient in critically evaluating the text and context.4. Be equipped in integrating the foundational disciplines of theology, the Old Testament and the New Testament as they relate to the exposition of the text.5. Be able to do narratives presentation, to summarize, formulate, and evaluate expository principles related to expository preaching.

Course Texts:Certificate students will be assigned approximately half the required number of pages to read. You will only be required to purchase Christ-Centered preaching by Bryant Chappell and Biblical preaching by Robinson.

Required Texts:Chapell, Bryan. Christ-Centered Preaching. Redeeming the Expository Sermon ISBN: 0-8010-2798-5Greidanus, Sidney. The Modern Preacher and the Ancient Text ISBN: 0-8028-0360-1Robinson, Haddon W. “Biblical Preaching, the Development and Delivery of Expository Messages. Baker Book House. ISBN: 0-8010-7700-1Holy Bible

Collateral Texts:Turabian, Kate L. A Manual for Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations University of Chicago Press ISBN: 0-226-81627-3Vyhmeister, Nancy J. Quality Research Papers Zondervan PublishingLogos Bible SoftwareMassey, James Earl. The Burdensome Joy of Preaching. Nashville, TN:Abingdon Press, 1998.

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Course Requirement:

1. Class attendance: more than two unexcused absences drops final grade one letter grade.2. Completion of reading assignment on time.

3. Five two to three page papers. These papers are short. Be concise and precise. BTS is interested in content not memorization. {Certificate Students will only be required to do two of these short papers}.

Paper 1: Summarize your understanding of the formation of expository preaching.[Fulfills objective 1]Paper 2: Explain Robinson’s case and need for expository preaching in chapter 1.[Fulfills objective 2]Paper 3: Give an analysis and appraisal of the historical-critical method in chapter 2 of the modern preacher and the ancient text.[Fulfills objective 3]Paper 4: Write an expository sermon on Psalm 100:1-5 and include word study on

key words within the text.[Fulfills objective 4]Paper 5: Explain the difference between hermeneutics, homiletics, and exegesis and the role each plays within the formation of the sermon.[Fulfills objective 5]

4. Book Critique on Brian Chapell Christ-Centered Preaching. Book critique is to be a critique of the book. Do not merely summarize the contents; rather evaluate the book’s strengths and weaknesses. Choose one book from the list on page one. As you read, ask yourself and answer these questions, read critically: (If the course requires).

1. Begin your critique with the bibliographic information (Title, author, publisher, place and date of publication) of the book you have chosen to critique.

2. Write a brief summary of the main theme and any major secondary themes of the author. I do not want a book review. I already know the content. Just give me enough to

show you have read and digested the material.

3. Include your analysis of the arguments the author sets forth. Your analysis should be focused primarily upon how faithfully you think the author has interpreted and

applied the Scripture.

4. Evaluate how they have either succeeded or failed in taking into account all of Scripture (in other words, is it a systematic argument or simply a use of some isolated

proof texts?) citing instances from the book to support your evaluation.

5. Tell me why you agree or disagree with their conclusion(s), using the Scriptures to support any differing views you may hold.

6. Conclude with a paragraph that states what you have gained personally AND professionally from reading this book.

Note: All course materials must be submitted to the professor at the end of the semester ( last day of class).  Thereafter, course materials may be submitted for up to six weeks after the end of the semester directly to the office of the registrar with the permission of the professor.  If a student submits course

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materials after the end of the semester but within the six week grace period, the student’s grade will be lowered by one letter grade. The course materials will not be accepted after the six week grace period and a failing grade will be posted to the student’s transcript.

Grading

1. Class attendance: more than two unexcused absences drops final grade one letter grade.

2. Completion of reading and ability to participate in discussion 10%

3. Five short papers are worth 10% each for a total of 50% of grade

4. Book Critique 20%

5. Final grade 20%

Note: BTS FORMAT AND STYLE STANDARDS

BTS uses the Turabian style of formatting as a standard for papers. However, students should regard individual professor preferences if they communicate any variance in outlining their requirements for papers, as in this class (see below). Professors retain discretion in determining how "formal" a paper must be. In this technological age, information is readily available; make sure that you understand about giving reference sources the proper recognition. Any paper not conforming to these standards will automatically be dropped one letter grade. Certificate students can formate papers (New Times Romans 12 Font Double Space).

Course Outline

Reading Assignment

Class Week Date Chapters Work Assignment

1 9/6 1Thes.2:1-4 Class Discussion

(Read Chapter 1 “The Case For Expository Preaching by Robinson)

2 9/13 Exodus 5:1-4 Discuss in classWritten critique of Sunday’s sermon

(Read Chapter 2 “What’s The Big Idea” by Robinson)

3 9/20 2Timothy 3:16-17 Exposition on verses

(Read Chapter 3 “Tools of The Trade” by Robinson)

4 9/27 Numbers 21:5-9 Exposition on verses

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(Read Chapter 1 “Biblical Preaching” The Modern Preacher and The Ancient Text)

5 10/4 Mark 8:27 Research on Caesarea Philippi

6 10/11………….Fall Break …………... No Class……………………

(Read Chapter 2-3 “Historical Foundations” and “Literary Interpretation” The Modern Preacher and The Ancient Text)

7 10/18 Jeremiah 1:1-10 Exposition on verses

(Read Chapter 4 “The Road from Text to Sermon” by Robinson)

8 10/25 Hosea 4:1-6 Do outline on verses

(Read Chapter 5-6 “The Power of Purpose” and “The Shape the Sermon Takes” by Robinson)

9 11/1…………..Mid-Term……………………………………………….

10 11/8 Joel 2 1 page on interpreting its meaning

11 1/15 John 3:1-7 Discuss in class

12 11/22…………Thanksgiving week…….No class Thursday

13 11/29 Psalm 1 exposition on first 3 verses

(Read Chapter 7-10 “Making Dry Bones Live,” “Starting with a Bang and Quit All Over” and “How to Preach So People Will Listen” by Robinson)

14 11/6 Ephesians 2:1-10

15 12/13 1Thessalonians 4 Discuss in class(Read Chapter 4-5 “Historical and Theological Interpretation” by Sidney Greidanus)

II. Sermon

A. Each student must be prepared to preach at least (2) sermons in class on expository preaching. The length of the sermon will not exceed 10 minutes.

B. Each student will also present in class (1) typed sermon from the Old or New Testament. The sermon must be at least (3) pages with (2) references. Certificate students will not have to preach but one in class sermon.

(Sermons is 20% of your grade)

III. Mid-Term Exam November 8 (10% of your grade) Final Exam December 14 (10% of your grade)

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The final is not cumulative.

Introduction:

Perhaps the most important imperative directed to a preacher came from the divinely inspired author name Paul. He wrote:

“I charge you therefore before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, who shall judge the quick and the dead at his appearing and his kingdom; preach the word; be instant in season, out of season; reprove, rebuke, exhort with all long-suffering and doctrine (2Timothy 4:1-2).

Five imperatives in these two verses make the setting seem like the crisp command of a military officer.

(1) Preach the Word – the verb preach (Kerusso) means “to herald” or “to announce a message.” To proclaim or to publish.

What's wrong with preaching today? Suggestions are as numerous as the analysts. But one deficiency which appears on the list of almost everyone is this--the lack of substantial biblical content. What should we expect of a sermon. A sermon should do at least three things:

(1) A sermon should disturb - A. One who hears B. One who preaches (2) A sermon should direct - It is not enough to tell folks what; we should also tell them how (3) A sermon should divide - Every hearer of a sermon will develop an attitude of

A. Reception or B. Rejection

(2) Be instant (Ephistemi) means to stand upon, to be at hand, to stand before or over, to be ready. It carries with it a picture of soldiers on duty ready for combat at any moment.

(3) Reprove (Elegcho) a primary verb meaning to refute something or to prove something wrong. To expose, to reprimand or to tell a fault.

(4) Rebuke (Epitimao) the verb means moral censure. Confronting people with their errors. To tell sternly, to warn or to charge.

(5) Exhort (parakaleo) meaning to encourage or to comfort as well as to urge or persuade.

What is preaching?

Ian MacPherson defines preaching as:• The conveyance of a Person• Through a person• To a company of persons

The Person conveyed, of course is the Lord Jesus Christ.

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T. Harwood Pattison wrote:

Preaching is the spoken communication of a divine truth with a view to persuasion. The making of the Sermon, pp.3.Accepting this as a sufficient definition, we notice that it covers the three points with which we are chiefly concerned in a sermon, namely:

(1) Its Matter – As to the matter of this communication, it is “divine truth.” This tells us what to preach.

(2) Its Manner – As to the manner of this communication, it is divine truth “spoken.” This tells us how to preach.

(3) Its Purpose – As to the purpose of this communication, it is divine truth spoken “with a view to persuasion.” This tells us why we preach.

Bishop William Quayle wrote:

“Preaching is not the art of making and delivering a Sermon but the art of making and delivering a preacher.”

Haddon Robinson in his book, Biblical Preaching (page 18) says, “When a preacher fails to preach the scriptures, he abandons his authority.”

The definition of Expository preaching in his view is the communication of a biblical concept, derived from and transmitted through a historical, grammatical, and literary study of a passage in its context, which the Holy Spirit first applies to the personality and experience of the preacher, then through him to his hearers.

The Dr. James Earl Massey in his book, The Burdensome Joy of Preaching: "We who preach

not only present a message but also represent its Sender."

Guthrie demanded in every sermon what he called “the three P’s of preaching:

(1) Proving – the reason

(2) Painting – the imagination

(3) Persuading – the heart

The sermon, which lacks in any one of these three, is sure to fail in interesting some hearers.

A Definition among Definitions of Expository Preaching

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Three Types of Definitions:

A. Etymological Definition – a search for the meaning of a word. The study of a root word

and its prefixes or suffixes is called etymology.

(1) The root of expository seems to be the word expose which is a term derived

from the Middle English word, exposen, which came from the Middle French

word, exposer, derived from the Latin word exponere.

(2) In Latin the word ponere (the root) was combined with the prefix ex (out of,

from), and the resultant meaning of exponere came to mean “to put on

display.”

(3) In Late Latin (A.D. 180-600), the meaning of exponere came to mean “to

interpret or explain.”

(4) In Webster’s Tenth New Collegiate Dictionary, the noun exposition means “a

setting forth of the meaning or purpose” and “a discourse or an example of it

designed to convey information or explain what is difficult to understand.”

(5) The noun expositor is defined as “of, relating to, or containing exposition.”

B. Morphological Definition – concentrated on the form of the sermon. The most widely used

morphological meaning defines expository preaching on the basis of the length of the text.

Morphological theorists have classified sermons as topical, textual, and expository according to

these criteria:

(1) Topical – a sermon built around an idea taken from the Bible or a subject outside the Bible taken to the Bible.

(2) Textual – a sermon based on one or two verses from the Bible.

(3) Expository – a sermon based on a text longer than two verses.

Andrew W. Blackwood, professor of homiletics at Princeton during the 1940’s said,

“Expository preaching means that the light for any sermon comes mainly from a Bible passage longer than two or three consecutive verses.”

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C. Substantive Definition – exposes or explains a biblical text. The substance of an

expository sermon must be drawn from a Bible text, irrespective of how long or how short it is.

On this view Faris D. Whitesell gave the following sevenfold concept of expository preaching:

(1) It is based on a passage in the Bible, either short or long.

(2) It seeks to learn the primary, basic meaning of the passage.

(3) It relates that meaning to the context of the passage.

(4) It digs down for the timeless, universal truths stemming out of the passage.

(5) It organizes these truths tightly around one central theme.

(6) It uses the rhetorical elements of explanation, argument, illustration, and application to bring the truth of the passage home to the hearer. You need to preach what the text says and apply it to people’s lives. Never let your congregation walk away wondering, what should I do because of the message? You should be crystal clear in your application of the text just as much as you are crystal clear at explaining the meaning of the text.

(7) It seeks to persuade the listener to obey the truth of the passage discussed. what is your goal in preaching? Is your goal transformation? If it is, you HAVE to

apply the text to real life situations.

Marvin R. Vincent wrote:

“Exposition is exposing the truth contained in God’s word: laying it open; putting it forth where the people may get hold of it; and that is also preaching.”

“Exposition is the art of opening up the Scriptures, laying them out, reproducing their matter and their spirit in forms vitalized by the personality of the expositor.”

Stephen Olford wrote:

“Expository preaching is the Spirit-empowered explanation and proclamation of the text of

God’s Word with due regard to the historical, contextual, grammatical, and doctrinal

significance of the given passage, with the specific object of invoking a Christ- transforming

response.”

J. I. Packer wrote:

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“Christian Preaching is the event of God, Himself, bringing to an audience a Bible based,

Christ related, life impacting message of instruction and direction through the words of a

spokesman.”

Paige Patterson wrote:

“Expository preaching is preaching that enables people to read the Bible better and with

greater understanding for themselves.”

John Calvin and other sixteenth-century preachers viewed preaching with the idea of

exposing truth from a text. Basically, a definition of expository preaching at that time would

have involved an etymological perspective of exposing truth by explanation and application in

a verse-by-verse method of handling a Bible passage.

In the Expository Genius of Calvin by Dr. Steve Lawson......In November of 1533 Calvin

was forced to flee Paris in the middle of the night, lowering himself out a window by means of

sheets and escaping to safety in the guise of a vinedresser with a hoe on his

shoulder.......abandoning the Roman Catholic Church to join the growing Protestant cause and

after suffering imprisonment for a short time, Calvin fled to the estate of Louis du Tillet, a well-

to-do man who was sympathetic to the Reformation cause. In this “quiet nest,” as Calvin

described it, he had the opportunity to spend five months in du Tillet’s extensive theological

library. There he read the Bible, along with the writings of the church fathers, most notably

Augustine "The Bishop of Hippo". By hard work, genius, and grace, Calvin was becoming a

self-taught theologian of no small stature. After a brief journey to Paris and Orleans, Calvin went

to Basel, Switzerland (1534–1536), and began writing his magnum opus, Institutes of the

Christian Religion.

Calvin died at age 54 on May 27, 1564, in the arms of Theodore Beza, his successor. It is

appropriate that Calvin’s last words—“How long, O Lord?”—were the words of Scripture. He

literally died quoting the Bible he preached, having expended himself in the work and will of

God, faithful to the very end.

Biblical truth in a sermon can be exposed either explicitly (clear and complete, leaving no

doubt about the meaning) with a deductive approach (using logic or reason to form a conclusion

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or opinion about something or a traditional method of teaching grammar in which the rules are

dictated to the learner first) or implicitly (absolutely, without reservation) with an inductive

approach (using particular examples to reach a general conclusion about something or involves

beginning with a set of empirical observations, seeking patterns in those observations, and then

theorizing about those patterns)..........The manner does not matter but the message does.

John MacArthur has said, ―The proper elements in an expository sermon may be summed up as

follows:

―Preaching is expository in purpose. It explains the text. Preaching is logical in flow. It

persuades the mind. Preaching is doctrinal in content. It obligates the will. Preaching is pastoral

in concern. It feeds the soul. Preaching is imaginative in pattern. It excites the emotion.

Preaching is relevant in application. It touches the life.

The Dr. James Earl Massey in his book, The Burdensome Joy of Preaching: "We who preach not

only present a message but also represent its Sender."

The Enduring Expectation of God’s Word. In Isa. 55:10-11 Three obvious results come from the

decision to preach the Word.

(1) Divine Proclamation – God speaks His word through a chosen vessel. Martyn

Lloyd-Jones was adamant that true preaching must be doctrinal preaching: “What

is preaching? It is theology on fire. And a theology which does not take fire, I

maintain, is a defective theology; or at least the man’s understanding of it is

defective. Preaching is theology coming through a man who is on fire.” True

preaching, after all, is God acting. It is not just a man uttering words; it is God

using him. He is being used of God. He is under the influence of the Holy Spirit.”

(2) Divine Illumination – God works with listeners to convict, clarify, edify, explain,

instruct, guide, and numerous other actions of illustrations relating to the text. A

“theological happening.” The purpose of studying the Scripture is to arrive at its

doctrine.” Like a hard-working miner, he explored each passage until he

extracted its theological gems, core doctrines, and biblical principles. MacArthur

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states, “The meaning of the Scripture is the Scripture. Expository Preaching is

Text-Driven Preaching.

Summarizing 1 Corinthians 15

1. The gospel is Christological 2. The gospel is theological

3. The gospel is biblical. 4. The gospel is apostolic

5. The gospel is historical 6. The gospel is personal.

7. The gospel is universal 8. The gospel is eschatological.

(3) Life Transformation – Lives can be impacted and changed when God’s word is

preached. Transformation does not happen without human response. The five

solas of the Reformation......Salvation by grace alone, through faith alone, in

Christ alone, to the glory of God alone, based on Scripture alone—were being

forged on the anvils of minds that were being renewed in the Scriptures. Changed

lives for the glory of God is always the goal for which we strive. Therefore it is a

sin, of the most serious sort, to preach the Word of God in a boring and

unattractive fashion. Haddon Robinson, quoting a Russian proverb says, “It is the

same with men as with donkeys; whoever would hold them fast must get a very

good grip on their ears.”

A. Divine Imperative – the word heard

B. Human Implementation – the word obeyed

The four Marks or characteristics of a man of God: I Timothy 6:11-14

(1) What he flees from – flee (pheugo) fugitive, what would destroy him.

(2) What he follows after – pursue (dioko) run towards

(3) What he fights for – a soldier, contender A. Detect B. Defeat

(4) What he is faithful to – commandment (revealed word of God)

Hermeneutical and Homiletical Presentation of Truth2Timothy 2:15 (The blood, sweat, and tears of preaching)

Exegesis------(Hermeneutics)------Interpretation------(Homiletics)------Application

Then (What it meant to the original hearers) Forever Now(Meant) Meaning Means

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(1) Expository preaching honors the principle of authorial intent, recognizing that theultimate author of Scripture is the Holy Spirit, God Himself.(2) Scripture must be interpreted and understood as it was given to the originalaudience. The text cannot mean today what it did not mean then. The faithful expositor must build a sturdy bridge between the historical audience and their context, and the audience he addresses here and now.(3) Historical-grammatical-theological interpretation will best discover both the truthof the text and the theology of the text.(4) The task of the expositor is incomplete without the necessary components ofillustration, application and exhortation. Illustrations are windows that help our audience see clearly into the house of the sermon. They bring clarity, touch the heart, move the emotions, and reveal that Scripture works in real life. Howard Hendricks often says that “interpretation without application results in abortion. We must let the baby go full term.” 1. What do I want my people to know? 2. What do I want my people to do?

Word Study:

As we discussed earlier in terms of culture, language is very important to interpreting scriptural passages. In Matthew 4:4 Jesus is faced with his first trial of temptation, he responds, “It is written that man shall not live by bread alone, but by every word that proceeds out of the mouth of God…”

In order to respond to the temptation that was offered, Jesus informs Satan, that the word of God is to be more desired than the bread of man. The word of God is distinguished by a descriptive word that says every word of God. If we are to live by every word that proceeds out of His mouth, then we need to know what the words mean and when they were said.

The Bible was written in Hebrew, Aramaic and Greek. The language of the Old Testament is Hebrew and Aramaic, while the language of the New Testament is Greek. When the Bible was translated from the original text, (the three languages) It was composed of some 11,280 different Greek, Hebrew and Aramaic words which were condensed into the English language into some different words. The 11,280 words of the original text cannot possibly fit into the 6,000 words which the translators used. This creates a problem for the serious student of the Bible, because many of the words which the translators used were translated into one English word.

Example:

The verb “worship” in the New Testament is translated by several Greek words, each of which has slightly different shades of meaning:

1. pruskuneo {4576} (pros-ku-neo) to prostrate one’s self (in reverence), do homage; therefore, of the act of worship 2. sebomai {4576} (se-bo-ma-hee) to revere, to feel awe: used, therefore, of the inward feeling (as No. 1 is of the outward act). 3. sebazomai-{4573} (se-baz-o-mahee) to be shy, or timid at doing anything. Occurs only in Rom. 1:25 4. latreuo-{3000} (la-truo-o) to serve in official service (for hire, or reward); used of serving God in the externals of His worship

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5. eusebeo-{2151} (eu-seb-eh-o) to be pious or devout towards any one: to act with reverence, respect, and honor 6. therapeuo-{2323} (ther-ap-yoo-o) to wait upon, minister to (as a doctor does); hence, to heal: to render voluntary service and attendance, thus differing from number 4.

We must research each word in order to fully understand the text in which we are studying.

Tools needed for Word Study:

1. Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance 2. Expository Dictionary of the New Testament Words by W.E. Vines 3. Thayer’s Greek-English Lexicon to the Old Testament by Joseph Thayer 4. The Word Study Concordance by Ralph Winter and George Wigram 5. Hebrew Chaldean Lexicon to the Old Testament from Baker Book House 6. Theological Wordbook of the New Testament by Harris, Archer and Waltke 7. The New International Dictionary of the New Testament Volume 3 8. Zondervan Pictorial Encyclopedia (4 Vol. Set)

Word Definitions:

Analysis – The art of resolving a Bible book into its constituent elements or compound parts. It involves a detailed consideration of the separate parts of a Bible book and their relationship to each other.

Context – Why it is being said? It means woven together; refers to the weaving together of sentences, verses, paragraphs, chapters, books of the bible that determines the true meaning of the text.

Deductive – involves movement from the general to the particular

Didactive – The most traditional form of sermon structure. The point is stated and various aspects about the point are developed one after the other, usually by way of

points or outline.

Exegesis – To draw out the hidden meaning of the text. What it meant to the original hearers.

Eisegesis – to indulge in personal projection of ideas into the text.

Exposition – Places the meaning of the text in a logical, appropriate, effective order. It is the opening up or the unfolding and explaining of a passage of scripture.

Homiletics – the science and art governing the preparation and delivery of sermons.

Homily – a discourse (a combination of two words) “homos” a saying; and “illa,” a company.

Hermeneutics – The science of interpretation; the search for meaning of ancient texts.

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Inductive – moves from the particular to the general.......Causing or influencing

Introduction – Bring people to the basic idea of the sermon. The sermon needs to have a point what before it has points.

Interpretation – The meaning of the biblical material to a contemporary audience.

Narrative – story telling; stories in which the message is embodied in a structure of events and persons.

Proposition - The act of putting something forward for consideration or discussion; an assertion or to entertain a purpose or design.

Rhetoric - the art of public speaking; the study of writing or speaking as a means of persuasion. Persuasion was achieved through an appeal to emotion, rational argumentation, or

the character of the speaker.

Subject – The main or central idea discussed. What the writer is talking about.

Syntax – the study of sentence structure, word phrases and clauses within a book.

Semantics – the study of word meaning within the text.

Text – What is being said? Latin texere (to weave), construct, compose, to put together.

A. Subject of Text - John Broadus A plan or focal idea for a sermon (1) Big ideas - main thought....every sermon should have a theme and that theme should be the theme of the portion of scripture on which it is based.

Ideas related to that subject become the point(1) Formation or Fixation not fragmentation - a sermon should be a bullet and not buckshot(2) A single dominant idea

(2) Headline - the dictum of Augustine: let the scripture speak; when the scripture speaks, God speaks

(3) Discovery before delivery - don't kick the milk over

B. Structure of Text.........what's the proposition? Comes from the text either directly or indirectly

(1) what are main points (2) say what I am seeing - subject my thoughts to the text, not text to my thoughts

(3) shun eisegesis – reading preconceived opinions into the text (4) show exegesis – critically analyzing or interpreting the passage

C. Substance of Text .......what does this mean? explores explanation (1) Introduction – attention is won or lost here....it brings people to the idea of the

sermon.....to get straight who is saying what

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(2) Exposition - expository is the adjective - preaching is the noun....to exposit is verb(1) Not forging God's signature on the text - it is a sin for any person to get up and misrepresent God(2) Not bible butchery - imposing or exploding the text

D. Explanation – what is it saying to me? Application – Is it personal and practical....explores implications and applications

Illustration – what experience can you convey? helps listeners grasp the meaning in a flash without explanation

(1) Read the text(2) Research the text(3) Record the text

E. Conclusion – The climax or landing the sermon....don't crash the sermon.....knowing when to put down the landing gear.

(1) Challenge – leads to action

(2) Calling – coming for a verdict

(3) Communicating – pictures the cross

Reading maketh a full man; speaking, a ready man; writing, an exact man.Francis Bacon

(1) We must be historically accurate – (Historical background) Who, When, Where, What, Where

(2) We must be contextually accurate – A text out of context is a pretext

(3) We must be grammatically accurate – Study of forms and structure, Syntax (phrases)

(4) We must be doctrinally accurate – What does the passage teach? (Theological content)

invaluable

Four Essential Ingredients Must Be Included

(1) Each point must be Biblical – Is it from God or you?

(2) Each point must be logical – Does it make sense?

(3) Each point must be practical – Is it applicable?

(4) Each point must be critical – Purpose or proposal (thrust) Isaac Rufus Clark said, “If you

ain’t got no proposal, you ain’t got no sermon either.”

Stages in the Development of Expository Messages

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I. Expository Preaching

A. Selecting the passage - thinking about what to think about...what is the problem?

(1) Choose the passage to be preached. What shall I talk about?

(2) Is it difficult to think? (tools of the trade)

(3) How to get inside the head of the text

(4) Relating the Scriptures to the people’s lives

(5) Allow the passage to speak for itself (don’t read into it)

B. Studying the passage

(1) This demands reading the book several times, in various translations

(2) Examine the paragraph breakdown in both the original texts

(3) Place the passage within its context

(4) Examine the structure, vocabulary, and grammar of the text

(5) What purpose does this particular passage play in the book?

(6) Try to state in rough fashion what you think is the mind-set of the writer

II. Discovering the Exegetical Idea

A. Linguistic and grammatical analysis

Linguistics is the scientific study of human language, from the sounds and gestures of speech up

to the organization of words, sentences, and meaning.

(1) What is the biblical writer talking about?

(2) Does the subject fit the parts?

(3) Is your subject an exact description of what the passage is talking about?

(4) Now determine the complements of the text and context

(5) What assertion does it intends to make?

III. Analyzing the Exegetical Idea

To examine methodically and in detail the constitution or structure of (something, especially

information), typically for purposes of explanation and interpretation.

synonyms: examine, inspect, survey, study, scrutinize, look over; More

A. The road from text to sermon

(1) Expository sermons consist of ideas drawn from scripture and relate to

life.

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(2) The exegete must understand what the revelation of God meant to the

original hearers.

(3) The preacher endeavors to bring the ancient world, the modern world, and

his particular world together in the development of his sermon.

(4) The preacher must study his audience as well as his Bible.

(5) The question asked: “What does this mean?” Is it true? What difference

does it make? What are the implications it seeks to explore?

The Life Situation of a Bible Book

I. The Book within Bible History

A. Periods of Bible History

B. Fitting the Text into Bible History

II. The Book Setting

A. The Geographical Setting

1. The Political Setting

2. The Cultural Setting

B. The Theological Setting

III. The Book’s Special Features

A. The Author or Authors

1. The Readers

2. The Date

B. The Occasion and Purpose

1. The Literary Character

IV. Techniques of Historical and Literary Study

A. Historical Criticism

B. Form Criticism

C. Redaction Criticism

D. Rhetorical Criticism

E. Biblical Theology

F. The Canonical Approach

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V. Theological Interpretation

A. The Nature of theological Interpretation

1. The idea of theological interpretation

2. Reasons for theological interpretation

B. The purpose of the author

1. The purpose of the human author

2. God’s ultimate purpose

C. The Bible’s Theocentric purpose

1. Theocentric Interpretation

2. Christocentric Preaching

The Analysis of a Bible Book

I. Reasons for Analyzing the Bible Book

A. To Gain a Perspective of the Book

1. To Guide in Exegeting the Book

2. To Help Plot Texts and Topics

II. Special Types of Bible Books

A. Sequential Books

2. Collection Books

3. Epistolary Books

III. Procedures for Making an Analysis

A. Reading the Book Again and Again

1. Examining the Book’s Literary Characteristics

2. Dividing the Book into Parts

The Exegesis of a Bible Book

I. Seven Complexities of Exegesis

A. The Third Party Perspective

1. The Language Barrier

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2. Cultural Diversity

3. Historical Distance

B. Collective Growth

3. Multiple Texts

4. The Interpreter’s Perspective

II. Exegesis and Interpretation

A. Exegesis

1. Hermeneutics

2. Interpretation: The Interaction of Exegesis and Hermeneutics

III. Initial Contacts with the Text

A. Selecting the Text

1. Establishing Boundaries of the Text

2. Translating or Paraphrasing the Text

IV. Text and Context

A. Book Context

1. Sectional Context

2. Immediate Context

3. Parallel Contexts

V. Literary Factors

A. Types of Biblical Literature

1. Figurative Language

2. Literary Forms in a Bible Book

B. Figures of Speech in a Textual Unit

VI. Word Study

VII. Syntactical Study

The Interpretation of a Bible Book

I. A Perspective on Interpretation

A. The Origin of the Term

B. Values of the Process of Interpretation

II. Assumptions of Interpretation

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A. The Reality of God

B. The Continuity of Human Nature and Experience

C. The Bible as God’s Word

D. The Experience of God

III. Interactions in Interpretation

A. The Text Interprets the Preacher

B. The Text Interprets the People

IV. Principles of Interpretation

A. Observe the Obvious

B. Probe for the Purpose

C. Build the Bridge

D. Learn about the Language

E. Ask for the Analogy

F. Interpret by Illustration

Variation of Sermon Structures in a Bible BookI. Didactic Design

A. Exegetical Paragraph Design

1. Dualism Design

2. Interrogative Design

3. Commentary Design

4. Syllogistic Design

5. Multitext Design

6. Classification Design

7. Sentence-Slicing Design

8. Subject Design

II. Explorative Designs

A. Unfolding Exploration

B. Hegelian Exploration

1. Problem-Solving Exploration

2. Inductive Investigation

3. Experience-Exposure Exploration

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III. Narrative Design

A. Narration-Implication Design

B. Story-Line Design

C. Shared-Story Design

D. Dominant-Metaphor Design

E. Explained-Narration Design

F. Multiple-Story Design

Selected Bibliography

Achtemeier, Elizabeth. Preaching from the Old Testament. Louisville, KY: Westminster, 1996.

_____. Preaching the Prophets with Honor. Kevin Miller, ed. Fall, 1997.

Allen, Ronald J. The Teaching Sermon. Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1996.

Bailey, Raymond, ed. Hermeneutics for Preaching. Nashville. TN: Broadman, 1996.

Bryson, Harold T. Expository Preaching: The Art of Preaching Through a Bible Book. Nashville, TN:

Broadman, 1996

Knott, Harold E. How to Prepare an Expository Sermon. Cincinnati: OH: Standard Publ.1930.

MacArthur, John Jr. Rediscovering Expository Preaching. Dallas, TX: Word Publishing. 1982.

Massey, James Earl. The Burdensome Joy of Preaching. Nashville TN: Abingdon Press, 1998.

Meyer, F.B. Expository Preaching: Plans and Methods. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1974.

Olford, Stephen F. Anointed Expository Preaching. Nashville, TN Broadman & Holman, 1998.

Robinson, Haddon W. Biblical Preaching: The Development and Delivery of Expository Messages.

Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 1980.

Thompson, William D. Preaching Biblically: Exegesis and Interpretation. Nashville, TN: Abingdon,

1981.

Whitesell, Faris D. Power in Expository Preaching. Fleming H. Revell Company, 1963.

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Biblical Texts

Aland, Kurt. The Greek New Testament. 3d ed. UBS, 1983

Bruce, F.F. The Books and the Parchments. Revell, 1984

_______ The Canon of Scripture. InterVarsity, 1988

Greenlee, J. Harold. Introduction to the New Testament Textual Criticism. Eerdmans, 1964

Metzger, Bruce M. The Canon of the New Testament. Oxford, 1987_______. The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration. Oxford, 1968.

New Testament Bibliography

Balz, Horst, and Gerhard Schneider, eds. Exegetical Dictionary of the New Testament. Eerdmans, 1978.

Bauer, Walter, W.F. Arndt, F.W. Gingrich, and F.W. Danker. A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature.2d ed. University of Chicago, 1979.

Rienecker, Fritz. A Linguistic Key to the Greek New Testament. Zondervan, 1980.

Vine, W.E., Merrill F. Unger, and William White. An Expository Dictionary of Biblical Words. Nelson, 1984.

Hermeneutics And Exegesis

Ferguson, Duncan S. Biblical Hermeneutics, an Introduction. John Knox, 1986.

Kaiser, Walter C., Jr. Toward an Exegetical Theology. Baker, 1981

Mickelson, A. Berkeley. Interpreting the Bible. Eerdmans, 1963

Thomas, Robert L. Introduction to Exegesis. Author, 1987.

Concordances

Anderson, Ken. The Contemporary Concordance of Bible Topics. Victor, 1984.

Strong, James. Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible. Abingdon, 1980.

Young, Robert., ed. Analytical Concordance to the Bible. Rev. ed. Nelson, 1980.

Theological Works

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Berkhof, L. Systematic Theology. Eerdmans, 1941.

Bruce, F.F. New Testament Development of Old Testament Themes. Eerdmans, 1968.

Chafer, Lewis Sperry. Systematic Theology. 8 vols. Dallas Seminary, 1947.

Erickson, Millard J. Christian Theology. 3 vols. Baker, 1983-85.

Guthrie, Donald. New Testament Theology. InterVarsity, 1981.

Packer, J. I., ed. The Best in Theology. Vol. 1 of multi-volume series. Christianity Today, 1987-.

Pentecost, J. Dwight. Things to Come: A Study in Biblical Eschatology. Zondervan, 1958.

Ryrie, Charles C. Biblical Theology of the New Testament. Moody, 1959.

Shedd, William G. T. Dogmatic Theology. 3 vols. Zondervan, )reprint) n.d.

Vos, Gerhardus. Biblical Theology. Eerdmans, 1948. ISBN: 0-85151-458-8Warfield, Benjamin B. Biblical and Theological Studies. Presbyterian and Reformed, 1968._______ Selected Shorter Writings of Benjamin B. Warfield. 2 vols. Presbyterian and Reformed, 1970.

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