MINI PROJECT REPORT ON ADVANCED HEALTH MONITOR ING AND CONTROL S YSTEM Submitted By RIJIN P K MEHUL MOHAN T Under the Guidance of Prof. V Vinod Kumar (ECE Dept.) In partial fulfilment for the award of the Deg ree of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY IN ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNI CATION ENGINEERING GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KANNUR–670563 November 2013
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It is with great enthusiasm and the learning spirit that we bring out this project report.
We also feel that it is the right opportunity to acknowledge the support and guidance that camein from various quarters during the course of the completion of our project.
We are extremely grateful to the Principal Dr. T.D.JOHN, Govt. College of
Engineering Kannur, for providing the necessary facilities. We would like to express our
sincere gratitude to Dr. BAIJU BAI T P, Head of Department of Electronics and
Communication for giving us all the support and confidence to work with the project.
We express our sincere gratitude to our project coordinators Dr. P.Reena and Prof.
Alex Raj S.M and our project guide Prof. V Vinod Kumar for their great support given for
doing this project.
We express our sincere gratitude to our teaching and non-teaching staffs of Govt.
Collage of Engineering, Kannur for their valuable help in the successful completion of our
project.
We extend our thanks to family members and especially to our friends for encouraging
and helping us in critical situations and make the project successful.
Last but not the least we would like to thank God Almighty for giving us confidence to
Advances in electronics and wireless sensor networks have opened up new
opportunities in healthcare systems. The future will see the integration of the abundance of
existing specialized medical technology with pervasive, wireless networks. They will co-exist
with the installed infrastructure, augmenting data collection and real-time response. An
example of an area in which future medical systems can benefit the most from wireless sensor
networks is in-home assistance. In-home pervasive networks may assist residents by providing
memory enhancement, control of home appliances, medical data lookup, and emergency
communication. The main requirements are Interoperability, Real-time data acquisition and
analysis, Reliability and robustness and new node architectures.
The proposed project integrate a coherent set of interacting portable devices, while
preserving mobility and independence and bringing optimum assistance to medical support.
Hospitals in the remote areas have a lack of doctors where they are available only once
in a week. The goal of this project is to monitor the parameters such as temperature, pressure
and Heart Beat of the patient and based on those results treatment is being performed. We
will be displaying the values on a computer monitor and updating it in real time. In future, we
will upgrade this project such that if there is any deviation in any parameter in the patient's status, the details will be sent to the prescribed doctors and the treatment is
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KANNUR
CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
Nothing is important than HEALTH of a person. Hence monitoring of important
parameters like temperature, heartbeat, pressure etc. should be given utmost priority. Our
equipment can be used in hospitals and also for patients who can be under continues monitoring
while traveling from place to place. This can also be used for regular home use and therefore
intellectually helps lakhs of people. This simple equipment is a low cost device and has multi-
level applications.
Cardiovascular disease is one of the main causes of death in the many countries and in
1999, it accounted for over 15 million deaths worldwide. And things have been changed worse
now. Nowadays the number of heart patients have been increased inexorably especially in a
developing country like India due to change in life style, lack of food management, lack of
exercise etc. The most important part is, these people are not aware of these critical health
situations and thinks about a remedy only in the final stage of their disease. Even technology
advancements we have achieved till now will not be able to help those people. Prevention is
always better than cure. With the help of the equipment we have, it is possible to do tasks by
reducing human interference and also helps alarming people that their health condition is weak
and needs care. This equipment is most useful in remote areas where number of hospitals are
very less and doctors’ availability is also an issue.
The drastic conditions makes things even worse day by day. More number of people
are trapped by cardio vascular diseases and high pressure. We have to prevent this exponential
increase of this rate as today’s children are the future of tomorrow. We need a healthy
generation ahead and here we present a multi-purpose device which can decrease those largediseased patients by a quite comfortable margin by alarming those affected people and thereby
taking necessary steps to preserve the health of their respective life. Again it is the individuals’
responsibility to take care themselves. By using industry leading components, greater accuracy
with high precision and possibly with less errors can be achieved. Here we use a technique in
which the sensors can be attached on a plug n play basis (easy and way too convenient).
This equipment can be used in hospitals and also for patients who can be under
continues monitoring while traveling from place to place.
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
GOVT. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING KANNUR
PWM: 3, 5, 6, 9, 10, and 11. Provide 8-bit PWM output with the analogWrite ()
function.
SPI: 10 (SS), 11 (MOSI), 12 (MISO), 13 (SCK). These pins support SPI
communication using the SPI library.
LED: 13. There is a built-in LED connected to digital pin 13. When the pin is HIGH
value, the LED is on, when the pin is LOW, it's off.
The Duemilanove has 6 analog inputs, each of which provide 10 bits of resolution (i.e. 1024
different values). By default they measure from ground to 5 volts, though is it possible to
change the upper end of their range using the AREF pin and the analogReference () function.
Additionally, some pins have specialized functionality:
I2C: analog input pins A4 (SDA) and A5 (SCL). Support I2C (TWI) communication
using the Wire library.
There are a couple of other pins on the board:
AREF. Reference voltage for the analog inputs. Used with analogReference ().
Reset. Bring this line LOW to reset the microcontroller. Typically used to add a reset
button to shields which block the one on the board.
3.1.2.2. COMMUNICATION
The Arduino Duemilanove has a number of facilities for communicating with a
computer, another Arduino, or other microcontrollers. The ATmega328 provide UART TTL
(5V) serial communication, which is available on digital pins 0 (RX) and 1 (TX). An FTDI
FT232RL on the board channels this serial communication over USB and the FTDI drivers(included with Windows version of the Arduino software) provide a virtual com port to
software on the computer. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor which allows simple
textual data to be sent to and from the Arduino board. The RX and TX LEDs on the board will
flash when data is being transmitted via the FTDI chip and USB connection to the computer
(but not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1).