mini-labs

8/13/2019 mini-labs

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Mini-Labs (13)

8/13/2019 mini-labs


Mini-Labs

1. Magic Raisins

2. MysteriousBalloons

3. Candle Power

4. u!er-cooledLi"uid

#. inging $ongs

%. &il' Canister

. Moie &og

*. +et Power

,. auce Pan

1. Magnetic Bubbles

11. "uariu' Magic

12. /oc0ey Puc013. Carbon dioide

balloons

8/13/2019 mini-labs


1-. Magic Raisins

5y do t5e raisinssin0 in !rite in t5e6irst !lace7

5y do t5ey rise u!to t5e to!7

5y do t5ey sin0again7

5at does t5e C82

5ae to do wit5w5at is 5a!!ening7

YouTube Video: Clic0 on t5e

!icture to watc5 raisins in !rite.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQJzlpwcU2Q

8/13/2019 mini-labs


1-. Magic Raisins

1.$5e raisins sin0 at 6irst becauset5ey are 'ore dense t5an t5e!rite.

2.$5e raisins li6t o66 6ro' t5e botto'

because creases and grooes int5e raisin allow carbon dioidebubbles to attac5 to t5e raisin9causing its total density to beL: t5an t5e !rite ; so9 t5eraisin 6loats.

3.t t5e sur6ace9 t5e bubbles o6carbon dioide !o!9 causing t5eraisin to t5en be 'ore dense t5ant5e !rite. o9 t5e now 5eaierraisin again sin0s to t5e botto'.


!icture to watc5 raisins in !rite.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iQJzlpwcU2Q

8/13/2019 mini-labs


2-. Mysterious Balloons

5y does t5eballoon in6late7

5at do t5e letters

-< re!resent7 5en you ta0e t5e

balloon o66 t5e6las09 does it

be5ae t5e sa'eas a nor'alballoon7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


2-. Mysterious Balloons

1.$5e balloon in6lates because 'oreand 'ore carbon dioide issubli'ating 6ro' t5e dry ice !ellet. =t5as to go so'ew5ere9 so it 6irst 6illsu! t5e 6las0 and t5en begins in6latingt5e balloon since it needs 'ore

roo' (olu'e).

2. > outside air o6 nor'al !ressure? B> e!anding carbon dioide wit5increased !ressure? C > dry icesubli'ating and !roducing carbon

dioide gas? < > dry ice !ellet

3.5en you ta0e t5e balloon o66 t5e6las09 it see's /:@=:R t5an anor'al balloon.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


3-. Candle Power

5y can you !our

t5e gas7

5y does t5e gas

etinguis5 t5e 6la'e7 5at do t5e letters

-< re!resent7

5at 4 !ro!erties o6carbon dioide does

t5is illustrate7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


3-. Candle Power

1. Aou can P8R t5e gas because it is5eaier ('ore dense) t5an air.

2. Carbon <ioide will etinguis5(!ut out) t5e 6la'e because it is not6la''able itsel6. =t wont burn.

3. > dry ice !ellets? B > carbon dioidegas? C > carbon dioide gas? < > nor'al'i o6 gases be6ore carbon dioide isadded.

4. Pro!erties o6 Carbon <ioideD densert5an air9 non-6la''able9 colorless9ordorless

8/13/2019 mini-labs


4-D u!er-cooled Li"uid

5en dry ice is added to denatured alco5olw5y do 6lowers 6reeEe7 t w5at te'!erature will denatured alco5ol

6reeEe7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


4-D u!er-cooled Li"uid

<enatured alco5ol 6reeEes at -13o& <ry ice is -1,o& <enatured alco5ol loo0s Fust li0e water9

but it is G8$H By !utting dry ice into denatured alco5ol

we su!er-cooled t5e water down to-1o&. $5is allowed us to 6reeEe water@:RA "uic0ly. e were also able to6reeEe a 6lower. $5e !etals Fust bro0e o66or bro0e into !ieces because t5e 6lower

was so brittle a6ter being 6roEen.

ater

balloon96roEen

into a

cu!

s5a!e.

aterballoon9

6roEen into

an egg

s5a!e.

ater

balloon

6roEen

solid.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


#-. inging $ongs

5at is 5a!!ening directly underneat5 t5e'etal tong ar's t5at 'a0es t5e tongs

sing7

5at do t5e letters ; C re!resent7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


1.<i! t5e tongs in 5ot water9 s5a0e o66 t5e ecess water9 and !ress t5etongs against t5e dry ice. $5e war' tongs will cause t5e dry ice tosubli'ate (turn into a gas wit5out beco'ing a li"uid) w5ere t5e !ellet isbeing 5eld. $5e subli'ating gas directly underneat5 t5e tongs will li6tt5e tongs o66 t5e ice9 but t5e !ressure o6 you 5olding t5e tong 5andles

will !us5 t5e tongs bac0 against t5e dry ice. $5is re!eats so "uic0lyt5at t5e tongs ibrate9 causing a singing sound to be generated t5at willary wit5 t5e !ressure t5at you eert on t5e 5andles.

2. > roo' te'!erature? B > -1,o& dry ice J area w5ere greatestsubli'ation occurs? C > Ketting 'uc5 colder

#-. inging $ongs

8/13/2019 mini-labs


%-. &il' Canister &un

5y does t5e dryice !ellet blow t5eto! o66 t5e 6il'

canister7 5ic5 gas law does

t5is illustrate7

5at two wordssu''ariEe w5at is5a!!ening7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


%-. &il' Canister &un

1.s t5e dry ice !ellets inside t5ecanister subli'ate9 'ore and 'orecarbon dioide gas builds u! insidet5e canister. $5is increase inPR:R: eentually causes t5eto! to blow o66.

2.$5is is a ariation on Kay-LussacsLaw w5ere an increase in !ressurewill cause an increase in olu'e. =6t5e to! re'ained on t5e canister9t5e entire container would e!lode.

3.$wo words to su''ariEe w5at is5a!!ening wit5 t5is 'ini-labDBL=M$=8G and PR:R:.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


-. Moie &og

5y does t5e w5ite 6og

a!!ear7

5at do t5e letters -<

re!resent7

5y does t5e w5ite 6og disa!!ear across t5e table to!7

5y does t5e w5ite 6og a!!ear 'ore at t5e beginning

t5an at t5e end7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


1. $5e w5ite 6og a!!ears because C8L< carbon dioide bubbles u! 6ro' t5e dry ice and 5its t5e sur6ace.$5ere9 t5e cold gas causes war' water a!or in t5e air aboe t5e sur6ace to c5ange state andcondense into isible dro!lets o6 water (6og).

2. > dry ice !ellets? B > subli'ating carbon dioide? C > water a!or condensing into isible dro!lets o66og? < > 6og begins to war' u! and ea!orates bac0 into inisible water a!or

3. $5e 6og disa!!ears eentually because it war's u! and ea!orates bac0 into inisible water a!or. =not5er words9 it c5anges state 6ro' a isible li"uid o6 tiny !articles (6og) to a gas (inisible).

4. $5e 6og a!!ears 'ore at t5e beginning (w5en t5e water is 5ot) t5an at t5e end (w5en t5e water is cold)because wit5 war' water t5ere is 'ore water a!or aailable. s t5e te'!erature o6 t5e water and airaboe it inside t5e bea0er goes down9 less and less water a!or aboe t5e waters sur6ace is able toc5ange state into a li"uid9 so less and less 6og is !roduced as t5e te'!erature dro!s.

-. Moie &og

8/13/2019 mini-labs


*-. +et Power

5y does a geyser6or'7

5y does waters5oot out o6 t5e

bottle w5en you5old it down7

5en 5eldertically9 w5y is t5e

geyser stronger att5e beginning7 5at do ; <

re!resent7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


*-. +et Power

1. geyser 6or's because t5e continuallysubli'ating dry ice in t5e botto' o6 t5ebottle is !roducing so 'uc5 carbondioide gas t5at !ressure builds u!6orcing t5e 6og and carbon dioide outo6 t5e bottle to!. $5e w5ite 6og co'ing outo6 t5e to! is 6ro' water a!orcondensing into isible 6og.

2. ater s5oots out w5en you 5old it down because water is t5e'ost dense substance inside t5e bottle and so w5en you turn it u!side down9 t5ewater bloc0s t5e noEEle. Meanw5ile t5e carbon dioide gas is t5e least dense andso it collect at t5e to!. =t 5as no w5ere to go and t5e !ressure is building u!9 so it!us5es against t5e water9 blowing it out o6 t5e noEEle so it can get out too ande!and.

3. $5e geyser is stronger at t5e beginning because t5e water is war' at 6irst and t5ereis a lot o6 !roduction o6 carbon dioide and water a!or. s t5e water cools down9t5e dry ice subli'ates 'ore slowly and t5ere is less water a!or aailable tocondense into 6og.

4. > carbon dioide building u! PR:R:? B > ubli'ating carbon dioide? C >dry ice !ellets? < > e!elled water.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


,-. auce Pan

5at is t5e

substance on

t5e outside o6

t5e !an7

/ow and w5y

did it 6or'7

$5is sauce !an contained 'ulti!le dry ice!ellets.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


,-. auce Pan

1. $5e w5ite substance t5at6or's on t5e outside o6 t5esauce !an is condensedwater a!or.

2. /ere is 5ow it wor0sD $5edry ice turns t5e botto'!ortion o6 t5e !an ery cold.5en war' water a!or 'olecules in t5e air get close

to t5e cold outside o6 t5e !an9 t5ey c5ange state and turninto li"uid water9 attac5ing to t5e sides o6 t5e !an. s t5ete'!erature continues to get colder9 t5ose li"uid'olecules t5en 6reeEe.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


1-. Magnetic Bubbles

5y are t5ebubbles w5ite

at 6irst and

t5en turnclear7

5y do t5e

bubbles stic0toget5er7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


10-A.

Magnetic

Bubbles

1.$5e bubbles are w5ite at 6irst becausewater in t5e bea0er is war'9 !roducinglots o6 water a!or aboe t5e sur6ace.

s cold carbon dioide reac5es t5e

sur6ace9 it causes t5e war' watera!or to condense into isible dro!letso6 water (6og). $5ese 6og dro!lets andt5e carbon dioide gas are t5enca!tured inside t5e bubbles because

o6 t5e soa! in t5e water. 6ter t5ewater cools down9 t5ere is less watera!or aailable and so less 6og is!roduced.

2.$5e bubbles stic0 toget5er because o6t5e soa!. oa! reduces sur6acetension o6 t5e water and 'a0esbubbles 'ore stable. $5e reducedsur6ace tension also allows t5e bubblesto stic0 toget5er 'ore easily.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


oa! /el!s to tabiliEe Bubbles

bubble 'ade wit5 !ure water alone is notstable.

dissoled sur6actant suc5 as soa! isneeded to stabiliEe a bubble.

co''on 'isconce!tion is t5at soa!increases t5e waterNs sur6ace tension.

ctually soa! does t5e eact o!!osite9decreasing it to a!!roi'ately one t5ird t5esur6ace tension o6 !ure water.

oa! does not strengt5en bubbles9 itstabiliEes t5e'.

s t5e soa! 6il' stretc5es9 t5e sur6aceconcentration o6 soa! decreases9 w5ic5

causes t5e sur6ace tension to increase. $5us9 soa! selectiely strengt5ens t5e

wea0est !arts o6 t5e bubble and tends to!reent t5e bubble 6ro' stretc5ing 6urt5er.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


11-. "uariu' Magic

:!lain t5is density sandwic5 using 9 B9 and Cas t5e layers o6 t5e sandwic5.

:!lain t5e 6roEen bubbles on t5e botto'.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


11-. "uariu' Magic

> least dense (air)

B > 'ediu' density (bubbles -- 'ore dense t5an air Jless dense t5an carbon dioide)

C > 'ost dense (carbon dioide gas -- 'ore dense t5ant5e bubbles and 'ore dense t5an airO so9 carbondioide is on t5e botto' o6 t5e density sandwic5)

8/13/2019 mini-labs


/ow to &reeEe a BubbleO

Freezing

oa! bubbles blown into air t5at is below a te'!erature o61# QC (# Q&) will 6reeEe w5en t5ey touc5 a sur6ace. $5e airinside will gradually di66use out9 causing t5e bubble to cru'!leunder its own weig5t.

t te'!eratures below about 2# QC (13 Q&)9 bubbles will6reeEe in t5e air and 'ay s5atter w5en 5itting t5e ground.5en a bubble is blown wit5 war' air9 t5e bubble will 6reeEeto an al'ost !er6ect s!5ere at 6irst9 but w5en t5e war' aircools9 and a reduction in olu'e occurs9 t5ere will be a !artial

colla!se o6 t5e bubble. bubble9 created success6ully at t5islow te'!erature9 will always be rat5er s'all? it will 6reeEe"uic0ly and will s5atter i6 increased 6urt5er.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrenheit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diffusion

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fahrenheit

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Celsius

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Temperature

8/13/2019 mini-labs


12-. /oc0ey Puc0

5y doesdry ice slideacross t5e

table soeasily7

<oes t5es5a!e o6 t5edry ice'atter7

YouTube Video: Clic0 on t5e !icture to

watc5 dry ice be5ae li0e a 5oc0ey !uc0.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBFm1OnEB3Y

8/13/2019 mini-labs


12-. /oc0ey Puc0

1.$5e dry ice !ellet subli'ates6aster on t5e botto' w5ere t5e!ellet is touc5ing t5e war' tableto!. Carbon dioide gas !us5es<8G against t5e table9 li6tingt5e !ellet P and decreasing

6riction between t5e !ellet andt5e table. $5e !ellet R=<: on at5in layer o6 carbon dioide gasacross t5e table to!.

2.=n order 6or t5e 5oc0ey !uc0 to

wor09 t5e !iece o6 dry ice needsto 5ae a 6lat side. Aou can 5oldt5e !ellet down wit5 an insulatedgloe and it will subli'ate 6asteragainst t5e table9 !roducing a 6latside.


!icture to watc5 dry ice be5ae li0e

a 5oc0ey !uc0.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xBFm1OnEB3Y

8/13/2019 mini-labs


13-. Late Balloons

C82 balloons. regularballoon

5y did t5eC82 balloons

de6late w5ent5e regularballoons didnot7

8/13/2019 mini-labs


13-. Late Balloons

1. Late balloons are 'ade out o6 anatural 'aterial t5at isbiodegradable.

2. $5e s0in o6 a late balloon is!er'eable9 'eaning t5ere are tiny5oles in t5e 'e'brane t5at will

allow a gas inside to esca!e.

3. Carbon dioide as a gas increasest5is !er'eability9 allowing M8R: o6t5e gas inside to esca!e.

4. =6 you loo0 closely at t5e s0in o6 a

de6lated carbon dioide balloon youwill notice t5at t5e s0in a!!earsru'!led and distorted. $5is is t5ee66ect t5at carbon dioide 5as ont5e s0in. =t s!eeds u! t5ebiodegrading o6 t5e balloon.

4. ContinuedO

$5ere are t5ree additional reasons

6or t5e degradation o6 t5e late

balloonD 1) e!osure to ultraiolet

lig5t9 2) oygen in t5e air9 and 3)

static electricity.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


Pro!erties o6 <ry =ce

5at !ro!erties o6 6roEen carbon dioide

5ae you discoered by wor0ing t5roug5

t5e eleen 'ini-labs two !uEElers7

G8$:D Mini-labs S 3 and S # !roide t5e

'ost clues.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


Pro!erties o6 <ry =ce9

a0aO 6roEen carbon dioide =t subli'ates directly 6ro' a solid into a gas9 by!assing

t5e li"uid !5ase.

=ts cold ---- T - 1,o&

=ts 5eaier t5an air ; t5ere6ore9 you can !our t5e gas.

=ts not 6la''able. =t will !ut out 6la'e. =t is colorless.

=t is ordorless.

5en !laced into a closed container9 !ressure builds u!

because 'ore and 'ore dry ice is subli'ating. s 'oreand 'ore carbon dioide 'olecules crowd into t5econ6ined s!ace9 t5e container 'ust e!and or e!lode.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


@ocabulary S1

density ; a substances 'ass diided by t5e olu'e it ta0es u!. ee!eri'ented wit5 t5e density o6 raisins in !rite and used ana"uariu' to deelo! a gas density sandwic5.

sublimation ; t5e c5ange o6 a substance 6ro' a solid to a gas or agas to a solid. <ry =ce subli'ates 6ro' a solid directly into a gas

wit5out going t5roug5 t5e li"uid !5ase.

ea!oration ; c5ange 6ro' a li"uid to a gas.

condensation ; c5ange 6ro' a gas to a li"uid

" !ro!erties o6 carbon dioide ; non-6la''able9 colorless9ordorless9 denser t5an air

8/13/2019 mini-labs


@ocabulary S2 non-#lammable ; will not burn. Carbon dioide is non-6la''able.

!ressure ; t5e a'ount o6 6orce acting on a unit area. s dry ice subli'ates9 it buildsu! !ressure inside a 6las0 and will in6late a balloon.

$ay-Lussac%s La& ; n increase in te'!erature will cause an increase in !ressureo6 a gas

Boyle%s La& ; decrease in olu'e will cause an increase in !ressure o6 a gas

'(arles% La& ; n increase in te'!erature will cause an increase in olu'e o6 agas

geyser ; a 6ountain o6 water or 6og !us5ed u! by !ressure 6ro' below. e created ageyser by 6illing a bottle wit5 war' water and !lacing a !ellet o6 dry ice in t5ebotto'. $5e dry ice subli'ated and carbon dioide gas built u! inside9 6orcing water

a!or and carbon dioide out o6 t5e noEEle.

sur#actant ; a soa!? so'et5ing t5at decreases t5e sur6ace tension o6 a li"uid. eadded soa! to a war' water-6illed bea0er and t5e soa! acted as a sur6actant todecrease sur6ace tension9 allowing us to use bubbles to ca!ture condensed water (as6og) and carbon dioide inside t5e bubbles.

8/13/2019 mini-labs


@ocabulary S3

sur#ace tension - $5e 'olecules on t5e sur6ace o6 a li"uid are notsurrounded by li0e 'olecules on all sides9 t5ey are more attracted tot5eir neig5bors on t5e sur6ace. o9 soa!s decrease t5e sur6acetension o6 water9 allowing stable bubbles to be created.

denatured alco(ol ; a non-drin0able alco5ol used in alco5ol

burners. =ts 6la''able and 6reeEes at -13o&. e used denaturedalco5ol to 6reeEe water balloons and to 6reeEe a 6lower.

biodegradeable ; able to be bro0en down naturally by liingorganis's. &or ea'!le9 late balloons are biodegradeable.

!ermeability ; ability o6 a 'e'brane to allow certain substances to!ass t5roug5 it wit5out destroying t5e 'e'brane. &or ea'!le9 t5es0in o6 a late balloon is !er'eable to carbon dioide ; 'uc5'ore so t5an to regular air. $5e carbon dioide actually brea0sdown t5e s0in o6 t5e balloon9 allowing 'ore gas to esca!e.

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