Miller Krause ( miller.krause@ufl.edu ) There is a web page ...users.clas.ufl.edu/miller.krause/lat1120/unit1/Jan06.pdf · biofeedback lab (relaxation room) massage chairs, stress-reduction

Course InformationMiller Krause ( [email protected] )

There is a web page: users.clas.ufl.edu/miller.krause/lat1120

biofeedback lab (relaxation room) massage chairs, stress-reduction equipment

academic confidence grouphelp for test anxiety, time management, procrastination

puppies every wednesday, 3:30 PM – 5:00 PM

counseling.ufl.edu

one block north of the SW Rec Center

English has rules that no one teaches

pill short i before doubled consonant

pile long i (different from Latin sound)

before “silent e”

ball short a

made long a (different from Latin sound)

before silent “e”

Latin has rules… but also explicit marks

ă āshort long

macronplural: macra or macrons

breveplural: brevia or breves

vowelsfront back

I i pit ī pita

u flubber ū flute U

E e yep ē hey

o bot ō boat O

A a attack ā father

also y and ȳ (like u and ū), but only in foreign loanwords

Practicesincērus pure

sīmia ape

sella chair

sēdēs chair

casa hut

canna reed

tābēs plague

Tullius (a name)

tūtus safe

trossulus fop

tōtus all, entire

sōlus alone

solitus usual

sōl sun

some vowel length rules

• vowel before doubled consonant is usually short

• first in a string of separate vowels is usually short

stops

labial dental palatal

voiced B bē D dē G gē

voiceless P pē T tēC cē K cā Qu cū = kw

palatal stops are “hard” like “go” and “can”

affricated stops + continuantslabial dental palatal

affricated stop

Z zēta foreign X ix

fricative F ef S es

liquid L el R er

nasal M em N en (G) magnus like hangnail

glide U (V) like we ū cōnsōnāns

I (J) like yell ī cōnsōnāns

H hā — is just a breath of air; often not counted as consonant

practicebucca cheek

pīcus woodpecker

tangō I touch

doceō I teach

caput head

gummi gum

agnus lamb

vīnum wine

jūlius Julius (name)

vixī I lived

justus just, right

valē goodbye

jugulum throat

juvō I help

the native Latin alphabetā bē cē dē

ē ef gē hā

ī kā el em en

ō pē cū er es tē

ū ix

diphthongsa vowel and a glide spoken as one sound

a+i aye aye, sir

ae æ

a+u pow! au

o+i oil

oe œ

o+u boo! ou

e+i deigned ei e+u

(like Spanish) eu

u + i we ui

diphthongs automatically count as “long”

diphthong practicenauta

Outina

Oedipus (Œdipus)

Bāiae (Bājæ)

deinde

Eurōpa

huic

for more infoAllen, W. Sidney. 1965. Vox Latina: A Guide to the Pronunciation of Classical Latin. Cambridge University Press.

review

Are the following vowels long or short? a ă ā

What is a stop? A glide? A nasal? A liquid?

What is a diphthong?

Are vowels long or short before doubled consonants?

Which letters can be both vowels and consonants?

more practice

mē

quid

nihil

nōn

sæpe

sī

amō

cōgitō

dō

errō

laudō

servō

vocō

dēbeō

salveō

terreō

valeō

videō

long/short & heavy/light• vowels can be long or short

• long vowels have a macron: ā, ē, ī, ō, ū, ȳ

• diphthongs are long

• syllables can be heavy or light

• heavy syllables have a long vowel/diphthong or

• two consonants follow the vowel

heavy/light practicemē

quid

ni-hil

nōn

sæ-pe

sī

a-mō

cō-gi-tō

dō

er-rō

lau-dō

ser-vō

vo-cō

dē-be-ō

salveō

terreō

valeō

videō

advanced heavy/short

Ōdet amō. Quārid faciam, fortasse requīris.

     Nescio, sed fierī sentiot excrucior.

names of syllablesultimate

ultima= last

final syllable

penultimatepenult

= almost-lastsecond from end

antepenultimateantepenult

= before-the-almost-lastthird from end

car - thā - gi - ni - ēn - si - umcarthāginiēnsium

law of the penult

if ( penult.isHeavy() ) { stress(penult); } else { stress(antepenult); }

monosyllables: stress only syllable

disyllables: stress first syllable

longer words: if penult is heavy, stress it otherwise, stress the antepenult

car - thā - gi - ni - ḗn - si - umcarthāginiḗnsium light!

we don’t often mark stress,

but when we do,we use an acute

accent: ámō

a-mā-́re heavy!

advanced stress

Meum est prōpositum in tabernā morī,

ut sint vīna proxima morientis ōrī;

tunc cantābunt lætius angelōrum chorī:

“Sit Deus propitius huic pōtātōrī.”

Reading Practice

6 Wheelock's Latin: Chapter 1

non, adverb, not saepe, adverb, ofien 81, conjullction, amo, amare, amavi, amatum, to love, like; amabij te, idiom, please (liL, I

IVilliove you) (amatory, Amanda) cogito, cogitare, cogitavi, cogitatum, (0 (hink, pondel; considel; pian (cog-

itate) debeo, debere, debui, debitum, (0 oIVe; ought, must (debt, debit, due, duty) do, dare, dedi, datum, (0 give, ofli?r (date, data) erro, crrare, erravi, erratum, to Ivander; go astray, make a lnistake, be

mistaken (erratic, errant, erroneous, error, aberration) lando, laud are, laudilvi, laudatum, to praise (laud, laudable, laudatory) moneo, monere, monu), m6nitum, to remind, advise, l\Ylrn (adl110nish, admo-

nition, monitor, mOl1Ull1cnt, 111onster, premonition) salveo, salvere, (0 be well, be in good health; salve, salvete, hello, greetings

(salvation, salver, salvage) servo, servare, sCl'v3vi, servatum, to preserve, save, keep, guard (0 bserve, pre-

serve, reserve, reservoir) conservo, conservare, conservavi, conservatum (con-servo), a stronger f01'm

of servo, to preserve, conserve, maintain (conservative, conservation) t"rreo, terrere, terrui, territum, 10 Fighlen, lerrify (terrible, terrific, terrify,

terror, terrorist, deter) v"leo, valere, valui, valiturum, 10 be strong, have powel;' be well; vale (valete),

good-bye, farewell (valid, invalidate, prevail, prevalent, valedictory) video, videre, vldi, visum, to see; observe, understand (provide, evident, view,

review, revise, revision, television) voco, vocare, vocavi, vocatum, to call, summon (vocation, advocate, vocabu-

lary, convoke, evoke, invoke, provoke, revoke)

SENTENTIAE (SENTENCES),

I. Labor me vocal. (labor, a noun, and one of hundreds of Latin words that come into English with their spelling unchanged; such words are often not defined in the chapters but may be found in the end Vocab., p. 470-90 below.)

2. Mone me, amaba te, Sl ena, 3. Festlnii lente. (a saying of Augustus.-· festino, festinare, to haslen,

Inake haste. -leute, adv., slowly.) 4. Landas me; eulpant me. (cuillo, culpare, 10 blame, censure.) S. Saepe peccamus. (pecco, pecciire, to sin.)

3 All these sentences are based on ancient Roman originals but 1110st of them had to be considerably adapted to meet the exigencies of this first chapter.

peccā fortiter, sed crēde fortius — Martin Luther

Reading Practice

First and Second Conjugations: Present Infinitive, Indicative, and Imperative Active; Translating 7

6. Quid deMmus cogiUire? 7. Conservate me! 8. Rumor vola!. (volO, volare, toffy.) 9. Me non amat.

10. Nihil me terret. 11. Apollo me saepe serval. 12. Salvete! -quid videtis? Nihil videmus. 13. Saepe nihil cogitas. 14. Bis das, SI cito das. (bis, adv., twice. -·cito, adv., quickly. - What do

you suppose this ancient proverb actually means?) 15. SI vales, valeo. (A friendly sentiment with which Romans often com-

menced a letter.) 16. What does he sec? 17. They are giving nothing. 18. You ought not to praise me. 19. If! err, he often warns me. 20. If you love me, save me, please!

THE POET HORACE CONTEMPLATES AN INVITATION

Maecenas et Vergilius me hodie vacant. Quid cogitare debeo? Quid de-beo respondere? SI erro, me saepe monent et eulpant; SI non erro, me lau-dant. Quid hodie cogitare debeo?

(For Horace, and the other authors cited in these chapter reading passages, review the Introd.; the patron Maecenas and the poet Virgil were both friends of Horace, and this brief passage is very freely adapted fro111 autobiographical references in his poetry.-et, conj., and.--hodiC, adv., toc/uy.-respondeo, re-spondere, to reply, respond.)

Roman portrait medal of Horace Museo Nazionale Romano delle Tenne

Rome, Italy

Mæcēnās et Vergilius mē hodiē vocant. Quid cōgitāre dēbeō? Quid dēbeō respondēre? Sī errō, mē sæpe monent et culpant. Sī nōn errō, mē laudant. Quid hodiē cogitāre dēbeo?

homeworkread through pp. 1–8

translate sententiæ on 7–8 there are twenty!

we’ll go over everything on Thursday

expect a quiz on phonology Thursday