Millennium Development Goals and Health in Nigeria Dr Andrew L Mbewe Child and Adolescent Health World Health Organization.

Millennium Development Goalsand Health in Nigeria

Dr Andrew L MbeweChild and Adolescent HealthWorld Health Organization.

Outline

• What is Health?• Health Related MDGs• Status of Health Related MDGs in Nigeria• Addressing the Challenges– Policy, Strategic and Planning Level.– Implementing the Policies, Strategies and plans.• Federal, State, LGA and Communities.

– UN, Civil Society and Health

“Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social

wellbeing and not merely the absence of Disease or infirmity”

World Health Organization

Health Related MDGs

• GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger• GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education• GOAL 3: Promote gender equality and empower women• GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality• GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health• GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases• GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability.• GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships for

development.

GOAL 1: Eradicate extreme poverty and Hunger

Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce extreme

poverty– Very High poverty

• Productive and decent employment– Very Large Deficit in

decent work

• Reduce hunger by half– Very high hunger

Nigeria• 13 percent of babies are

exclusively breast fed throughout the first six months.

• 41 percent of Nigerian Children are stunted ( Short for age)

• 14 percent are wasted (Thin for their height)

• 23 percent are underweight* MDG indicator

GOAL 2: Achieve universal primary education

Sub-Saharan Africa• Universal Primary

schooling– Moderate enrolment

Nigeria• 62.1 percent: Net

attendance ratio in primary school.

• 98.5 percent: Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 who reach grade 5.

• 69.4 percent: Literacy rate of 15-24 year olds.Ref: NDHS 2008

GOAL 3: Promote gender equality and empower women

Sub-Sahara Africa• Equal Girls’ Enrolment in

primary school– Close to parity

• Women’s Share of Paid Employment– Medium Share

• Women’s Equal Representation in National Parliaments– Moderate representation

Nigeria• Ratio of girls to boys in

primary, secondary and tertiary education- na

• 83.5 percent: Respondents who attended secondary school or higher or who can read a whole sentence

Ref: NDHS 2008

GOAL 4: Reduce Child Mortality

Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce a mortality of

under-five year-olds by two thirds.– High Mortality

Nigeria• 157/1000 live births:

Under five mortality Rate (Target: 77)

• 75/1000 live births: Infant Mortality Rate.

• 41.4 percent: One year old children immunized against measles.

GOAL 5: Improve Maternal Health

Sub-Saharan Africa• Reduce Maternal Mortality

by three quarters– Very High Mortality

• Access to reproductive health– Low Access

Nigeria• 545 /100,000 live births:

Maternal Mortality Ratio• 38.9 percent: Percentage of

births attended by skilled health personnel

• 14.6 percentage: Contraceptive Rate( Any contraceptive Method, currently married women and men age 15-49 years).

Nigeria

GOAL 6: Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases

Sub-Saharan Africa

• Halt and begin to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS.– High Incidence

• Halt and reverse spread of tuberculosis– High Mortality

Nigeria• 40.8 percent: Condom use at last

higher risk sex: Youth 15-24 years• 23.9 percent: Population 15-24

years with comprehensive knowledge of HIV/AIDS

• 1.2 : Ratio of school attendance of orphans to school attendance of non-orphans aged 10-14 years

• 5.5 Percent: children U5 sleeping under ITN

• 33.2 percent: Children with fever appropriately treated with anti-malarials

HIV/AIDS Services Coverage

• People living with AIDS: 3.34 million (ANC 2010)• -Universal Access Target of 80% coverage by

2015• ART : 359181 people accessing in 446 sites• PMTCT: 26181 women accessing 670 sites• HCT : 2287805 adults receiving HTC services in

1070 sites.• Ref : FMOH

Tuberculosis

• Case detection has increased.• Treatment success rate has improved 82%,

Target 85%.• Challenges:– HIV/TB interaction– Emergency of MDR

• New Advances– New Rapid Test, can obtain results in 2 hours.– National prevalence survey- Magnitude

GOAL 7: Ensure environmental sustainability.

Sub-Saharan Africa• Reverse loss of forests.

– Medium forest cover.• Halve proportion of

population without improved drinking water.– Low Coverage.

• Halve the population without sanitation.– Very Low Coverage.

• Improve the lives of slum dwellers.– Very high proportion of

slum dwellers

Nigeria• 55.8 percent: Population

using improved drinking water source, urban and rural

• 31.2 percent: Population using improved sanitation facility, urban and rural

• *** Common conditions transmitted by oral fecal route: Polio, Cholera, Worm Infestation.

GOAL 8: Develop a global partnerships for development.

Sub-Saharan Africa• Internet Users– Low Usage.

Nigeria• PMNCH: Partnership for

Maternal, Newborn, Child Health.

Addressing the Challenges• Despite some improvement, the coverage of key MNCH

interventions is still very low.• The MDG 2011 report provides a reminder on the work

ahead….MDGs are like far distant mountains.• Nigeria has Federal, State Strategic Health and Development Plans.• UN Agencies must individually and severally assist FMOH&SMOH

to implement, supervise, monitor and evaluate the plans.• The UN agencies- In collaboration with stakeholders- must

mobilize resource for themselves and also for the FMOH and SMOHs to implement the state and LGA plans- example Civil Society, UNH4 and UNDAF

Working Together-for health-