Week 4 Sept. 30 All About Milk Walt Hurley Comparative Milk Composition Day of the Graph Where do we find variation in the composition of milk? Milk composition varies across: A lactation cycle A milking Breeds or strains of animals Species Of the organic milk components: Milk fat is the MOST variable Lactose is the LEAST variable
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Week 4Sept. 30 All About Milk Walt Hurley
Comparative Milk Composition
Day of the Graph
Where do we find variation in the composition of milk?
Milk composition varies across:
A lactation cycle
A milking
Breeds or strains of animals
Species
Of the organic milk components:
Milk fat is the MOST variable
Lactose is the LEAST variable
Hours after calving Hours after calving
Perc
enta
ge in
milk
Perc
enta
ge in
milk
0 50 100 150 200 0 50 100 150 200
Total protein
Whey proteinCasein
Fat
AshLactose
Total solids
5
15
10
20
5
15
10
20
25
30
Transition of milk composition after calving
Variation in milk comp across a lactation - Cows
Portion of Milking
1 2 3 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
Perc
enta
ge fa
t
Changes in fat % during a milking
Milk
Yie
ld
Perc
enta
ge fa
t & p
rote
in
Weeks after calving2 42
milk yield
fat %
protein %
Milk CompositionBreed Variability• Milk fat concentration varies among the
breeds of dairy cattle• lowest % fat -
• highest % fat -
Holstein
Jersey and Guernsey
1
2
3
4
5
6
Guernsey Jersey Ayrshire B. Swiss Holstein
Com
pone
nt P
erce
ntag
e
Milk fat
Protein
Lactose
Average Milk Composition – US Dairy Breeds
HolsteinAyrshire
Guernsey
Jersey
Variability Among US Dairy Cattle Breeds
2
4
6
8
10
12
0.1 1 10 70
HolsteinJersey
Fat Globule Size Distribution
Volu
me
(%)
Particle Size (µm)0.01
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Fat %
Buffalo Breeds
0
1
2
3
4
5
6 Lactose %
75767778798081828384
Bulgarian
Caucas
ian
Chinese
Egyp
tian
Italia
nIndia
n
Russian
Water %
0123
4567
Bulgarian
Caucas
ian
Chinese
Egyp
tian
Italia
nIndia
n
Russian
Protein %
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Alpine
La Moncha
Nubian
Obenhasli
Saanen
Toggenburg
Nigerian Dwarf
Dairy Goat Breeds
Milk Fat %
2,266
2,100
1,820
2,146
2,577
2,115
690
Avg. lbs/lactation
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Alpine
La Moncha
Nubian
Obenhasli
Saanen
Toggenburg
Nigerian Dwarf
Dairy Goat Breeds
Milk Protein %
0 20 40 60 80 100
Black RhinocerosHorse
HumanDairy cow
Goat
Bactrian CamelYakPig
SheepDog
Domestic CatReindeer
Domestic RabbitBlack Bear
House MouseBlue Whale
Hooded Seal
Percentage
% Total Solids
Comparison of milk composition among species
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
Black RhinocerosHorse
HumanDairy cow
Goat
Bactrian CamelYakPig
SheepDog
Domestic CatReindeer
Domestic RabbitBlack Bear
House MouseBlue Whale
Hooded Seal
Percentage
% Milk Fat
44% fat, 6% protein, 45% water
Cream Cheese = Comparison of milk composition among species