Military Collection State Archives of North Carolina North Carolina … · 2018. 6. 19. · Defense. Overall, the collection documents the status of North Carolina’s resources,

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Military Collection

State Archives of North Carolina

North Carolina Council of Defense Records (WWI 1)

[World War I]

Collection Number: WWI 1

Title: North Carolina Council of Defense Records

Dates: 1916-1921, 1928-1930, 1932-1933 (bulk 1917-1920)

Creator: North Carolina Council of Defense; Council of National Defense; Joseph Hyde Pratt;

and various others.

Abstract

The North Carolina Council of Defense Records is composed of the original correspondence,

subject files, financial records, organizational records, and operational materials created and

utilized by the North Carolina Council of Defense from its formation on May 31, 1917, through

the completion of an unpublished history of the Council by one of its members in 1932. The

materials document the operations and war-time resources management of North Carolina, as

well as of the county Councils of Defense in North Carolina. Correspondence from citizens and

county officials regarding various war-time issues are represented in the collection. The

collection also contains information, records, posters, and reports from other states’ Councils of

Defense; and training, promotional, and public awareness materials from the Council of National

Defense. Overall, the collection documents the status of North Carolina’s resources, government,

and citizens throughout World War I. The records in this collection were accumulated from 1917

to 1933 by members of the state and county Councils of Defense, and deposited with the North

Carolina Historical Commission by 1933.

Physical Description: Approximately 11.75 linear feet

Language(s): English; French; German; Italian

Repository: State Archives of North Carolina, 4614 Mail Service Center, Raleigh, N.C. 27699-

4614

Restrictions on Access: There are no restrictions on accessing this collection.

Restrictions on Use: There are no restrictions on the use of this collection.

Preferred Citation

[Item name or title], [Box and Folder Numbers], North Carolina Council of Defense Records,

WWI 1, WWI Papers, Military Collection, State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh, N.C.

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Acquisition

This collection was acquired in multiple parts by the North Carolina Historical Commission from

1918 to 1932. The bulk of the collection was acquired between 1918 and 1921 by Daniel Harvey

Hill Jr., a member and Secretary from 1921-1924 of the North Carolina Historical Commission,

and Robert B. House, the North Carolina Historical Commission’s Collector of World War

Records, since June 19, 1919. Hill also served as the chairman of the North Carolina Council of

Defense’s Historical Committee, which cooperated with the Historical Commission to collect

and document the state’s war-time history. All of the materials in this collection were acquired or

collected as part of the North Carolina Historical Commission’s on-going World War historic

materials collection project, which was authorized by Sections 3 and 4 of Chapter 144 of the

North Carolina Public Laws and Resolutions in 1919.

Most of the collection was acquired by the end of 1920, as listed in the 1918-1920 North

Carolina Historical Commission Biennial Report. Elements of the collection—in keeping with

the statutes of the 1919 law—were received after the end of North Carolina’s involvement in

war-time activities in 1920, as organizations and counties finally had time to compile their war

records to send to the Historical Commission.

The Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers (Subseries IF) was received from Joseph Hyde Pratt, a member of

the North Carolina Council of Defense, in three separate donations, which were reported in the

Biennial Reports published in 1920, 1930, and 1932.

Separated Material

Oversized items that did not fit in large archival boxes were relocated to the Military Collection

Oversized Map Case in the Archives Stacks 3B, and are stored in WWI 1 Oversized Folders 1-3

(see Collection Inventory for list of individual oversized items stored in those folders).

Related Material

Records of the Council of National Defense (Record Group 62), 1915-37. U.S. National

Archives and Records Administration, College Park, Maryland.

Processing Information

The original North Carolina Council of Defense records were received by the North Carolina

Historical Commission (present-day State Archives of North Carolina) in multiple accessions

from 1918 to 1932. The collection was apparently loosely arranged by creator, with the original

organization of the records left intact. During the 1920s, the Historical Commission worked on

arranging the World War I Papers in groups of common themes or creators. In 1964, Maurice S.

Toler and John R. Woodard of the North Carolina Department of Archives and History prepared

a finding aid for the “World War I Papers, 1903-1933,” which consisted of thirteen series of

records. This was the first known formal organization of the World War I, and a basic finding aid

completed to the box and item level was finalized on June 30, 1964. From 1964 until 2014, as

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more World War I materials were received by the State Archives of North Carolina, the items

were added to a new box at the end of each appropriate series.

The Council of Defense records by 1964 had been subdivided into eight basic divisions, which

were not numbered. The divisions are as follows: General Correspondence, 1917‐1921, no date;

Papers of Col. Joseph Hyde Pratt; Subject Files; History of the North Carolina Council of

Defense; County Councils; Council of National Defense; Other States’ Councils of Defense; and

Soldiers’ Record Cards. The original order and provenance of the World War I materials

received by the State Archives from 1918 to 1932 was somewhat lost over time.

The reprocessing of the collection, completed in June 2015, attempts to rejoin portions of the

Council of Defense records, and to more logically organize the collection into numbered series

and subseries to match the original acquisition records for the collection. For example,

photographs of the Council of Defense and North Carolina county Councils of Defense members

were stored in Series XII: Photographs and Postcards (which was created by 1964 artificially as a

series). These photographs were moved to WWI 1 North Carolina Council of Defense Records,

and organized in Series I (see the North Carolina Historical Commission’s 1918-1920 Biennial

Report for justification for this reorganization).

Paperclips and rusted metal fasteners were removed from the items in the collection. Original

materials were removed from bindings which were turning acidic, causing damage to the

materials. Newspaper clippings and newspaper articles which were retained were photocopied as

preservation copies, to protect other archival materials in a given folder from being further

discolored by the acidity in the newspaper clippings. Newspaper citations were retained on the

preservation copy if such information was pre-existing on the original newspaper clippings.

Badly torn or faded documents were photocopied as preservation copies, to save the

informational content of the records for collection users.

Oversized items such as posters and large certificates—originally folded and stored in regular

file folders in the collection—have been relocated to Oversized Boxes 31-32, and Oversized

Folders 1-3 (stored in the Military Collection Oversized Map Case). Each oversized item is

described based on which original folder and series/subseries the item was located in prior to

reprocessing of the collection.

The collection has been processed to folder-level, meaning that items within each folder are not

typically arranged in any particular order or described individually (unless otherwise required

based on the uniqueness of the materials). Where possible, the original collection’s folder titles

were retained. When added description was required to assist researchers to locate unique items

in the collection, folder titles were supplemented with more detailed description in parentheses

after the original folder title.

Processed by: J. Cameron Crawford; Laura Guthrie; and Matthew M. Peek, June 2015.

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Arrangement

The North Carolina Council of Defense Records collection is arranged in four series and eight

subseries. The arrangement is as follows:

Series I: North Carolina Council of Defense

Subseries IA: History of the North Carolina Council of Defense

Subseries IB: General Correspondence Files

Subseries IC: Soldiers’ Record Cards

Subseries ID: Subject Files

Subseries IE: North Carolina Council of Defense Photographs

Subseries IF: Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers

Series II: North Carolina County Councils of Defense

Series III: State and National Council of Defense Materials

Subseries IIIA: State Councils of Defense Materials

Subseries IIIB: Council of National Defense Materials

Series IV: Oversized Materials

Historical Note

In an attempt to garner a united national support for the United States’ involvement with the

World War I effort, and believing in the imperativeness of uniting and expediting all measures

for the coordination of a prolonged war effort, the U.S. Congress created the Council of National

Defense with the passage of the Army Appropriation Act (39 Stat. 649) (also called the National

Defense Act of 1916) on August 29, 1916. The Council of National Defense was a presidential

advisory board that included six members of the President’s Cabinet: Secretary of War Newton

D. Baker (chairman of the Council); Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels; Secretary of

Agriculture David Houston; Secretary of the Interior Franklin Lane; Secretary of Commerce

William Redfield; and Secretary of Labor William Wilson.

The Council was assisted by an Advisory Committee nominated by the Council and appointed by

the President of the United States. The Advisory Committee was composed of seven members,

each with some special knowledge of some industry, public utility, the development of natural

resources, or other special qualifications useful to the war mobilization effort. The Advisory

Committee members were: Daniel Willard, President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad;

Samuel Gompers, President of the American Federation of Labor; Howard E. Coffin, Vice-

President of Hudson Motor Company; Julius Rosenwald, President of Sears, Roebuck and

Company; Bernard M. Baruch; Franklin Martin; and Dr. Hollis Godfrey, President of Drexel

Institute.

The Council’s responsibilities included “coordinating resources and industries for national

defense” and “stimulating civilian morale.” As President Woodrow Wilson said of the Council:

“The Council of National Defense has been created because Congress has realized that the

country is best prepared for war when thoroughly prepared for peace. From an economic point of

view, there is very little difference between the machinery required for economic efficiency and

that required for military purposes. The Council is organized for the creation of relations which

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will render possible in time of need the immediate concentration and utilization of the resources

of the Nation.”

The work of the Council grew more significant when the United States entered World War I in

1917. The federal government held a conference on May 2, 1917, in Washington, D.C., to

facilitate the organization of state councils of defense, to which Joseph Hyde Pratt, state

geologist, was appointed to represent North Carolina. The federal government used the

conference to ask state governors to create their own local councils of defense to support the

national war effort, with the goal being to cooperate with other state councils and the federal

government in organizing and directing the resources of states, making them available and

effective for national use. The state councils would also recommend changes in state laws to

state legislatures, with the goal of the changes aimed at increasing the nation’s ability to respond

to the needs of the war effort.

At the start of America’s entrance into the war, the Council coordinated resources and industries

for national defense; stimulated civilian morale; coordinated the work of state and local defense

councils and women’s committees; and later studied problems of post-war readjustment of

soldiers to civilian life and reconstruction of the nation’s infrastructure. The Council of National

Defense ceased its operations in June 1921.

After reading Joseph Hyde Pratt’s report of the May 1917 national conference, North Carolina

Governor Thomas W. Bickett appointed an Executive Committee to lead a state Council of

Defense, and called for an organizational meeting in Raleigh on May 31, 1917, with the intention

of forming the North Carolina Council of Defense. The committee members of the new state

Council consisted of J. Bryan Grimes, D. H. Hill, George Howe, W. S. Lee, R. N. Page, Joseph

Hyde Pratt, Mrs. James Eugene Reilley, F. E. Seeley, James Sprunt, C. C. Taylor, and George

W. Watts. At the initial meeting, Hill was appointed Chairman of the North Carolina Council of

Defense; B. R. Lacy, North Carolina’s State Treasurer, was named treasurer; and W. S.

Wilson—a state legislative reference librarian—was selected as secretary of the state council.

The Executive Committee organized sixteen state‐level committees and identified potential

chairmen for county councils in all one hundred counties of North Carolina.

For the entire duration in which the United States was involved militarily in the war, the North

Carolina General Assembly was not in session. Therefore, the state’s Council of Defense was

unable to receive governmental appropriations and had to rely upon private donations to

function. None of the council members—either at the state or local level—received any financial

compensation for their services to state during World War I.

The North Carolina Council of Defense acted as a clearinghouse for information received from

the Council of National Defense. One of the first statewide initiatives was the organization of a

speakers’ bureau to inform the populace of the causes of the war and the reasons for American

involvement. Other speakers urged soldiers to take advantage of the offer of government

insurance or intervened with deserters, urging them to return to the ranks to avoid prosecution.

The state Council investigated the loyalty of applicants for positions in government agencies or

service organizations, and encouraged college students to volunteer for community work efforts.

After the erection of training camps in the state, the state Council formed a War Camp

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Community Service division to provide entertainment, recreational opportunities, and moral

guidance for the trainees. In the fall of 1918, the state Council reviewed applications for building

permits which sought exceptions to the nationwide prohibition of non-essential construction

activity.

However, the bulk of the real work of the North Carolina Council of Defense was performed at

the local level. Each county chairman was to appoint six members to his council, to organize

committees that mirrored the state blueprint, and to create township and community councils. A

Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee was erected in each county to help soldiers deal with legal

matters, such as the writing of wills. Local committeemen provided encouragement and

assistance to soldiers’ families, and interviewed individuals of doubtful loyalty to caution them

against seditious activities. They also compiled reports concerning property owned by alien

residents in their county.

The county boards helped to organize the various fund‐raising drives, including Liberty Loans,

thrift stamps, the Fosdick Fund, and American Red Cross campaigns. They assisted local draft

exemption boards to compile lists of draft‐age men, and organized the reserve militia or home

guard in their county. Some of the more prescient county chairmen took an active role in the

preservation of their council’s records, which they donated after the war to the North Carolina

Historical Commission’s on-going World War historic materials collection project, per Sections

3 and 4 of Chapter 144 of the North Carolina Public Laws and Resolutions in 1919.

Scope and Content

The North Carolina Council of Defense Records is composed of correspondence, newspaper

clippings and articles, pamphlets, speeches, propaganda materials, posters, photographs,

telegrams, notes, reports, official records, military preparedness handouts, war fundraising

activity records, financial records, meeting minutes, and published and unpublished manuscripts

relating to the organization and operation of the North Carolina Council of Defense from 1917-

1933. The materials in this collection document the state’s organization of its resources and

departments, as well as the local defense operations of counties and cities in the state. The

collection is subdivided into four series: Series 1: North Carolina Council of Defense; Series II:

North Carolina County Councils of Defense; Series III: State and National Council of Defense

Materials; and Series IV: Oversized Materials.

Subject Terms

Persons/Families

Bickett, Thomas Walter, 1869-1921

Hill, Daniel Harvey, 1859-1924

House, Robert Burton, 1892-1987

Pratt, Joseph Hyde, 1870-1942

Wilson, William Sidney, 1873-1918

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Corporate Names

North Carolina Council of Defense

United States. Council of National Defense

Places

Raleigh (N.C.)

Subject—Topical

Draft (Military service)--United States--1910-1920

Espionage--United States--History--20th century

Liberty bonds

Military deserters--United States

National War Savings Committee (U.S.)

Sedition--United States--History

United States Food Administration

United States. Fuel Administration

United War Work Campaign, Inc.

World War, 1914-1918

World War, 1914-1918--Archives

World War, 1914-1918--Biography

World War, 1914-1918--Documentation

World War, 1914-1918--Military personnel--United States

World War, 1914-1918--Newspapers

World War, 1914-1918--North Carolina

World War, 1914-1918--Pamphlets

World War, 1914-1918--Posters

World War, 1914-1918--Propaganda

World War, 1914-1918--Recruiting & enlistment--United States

World War, 1914-1918--Social aspects--United States

World War, 1914-1918--United States

World War, 1914-1918--United States--Education and the war

World War, 1914-1918--United States--History

World War, 1914-1918--United States--Literature and the war

World War, 1914-1918--War work--Boy Scouts

World War, 1914-1918--War work--Red Cross

World War, 1914-1918--War work--Young Men's Christian associations

World War, 1914-1918--War work--Young Women's Christian associations

World War, 1914-1918--War work--United States

World War, 1914-1918--War work--Women

World War, 1914-1918--Women--United States

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Material Types

Artifacts

Card files

Correspondence

Form letters

Photographs

Posters

Collection Inventory


Series I is the largest series, and is composed of the original operational records and

correspondence of the North Carolina Council of Defense and administrators. It is composed of

six subseries, all based and titled on the original records groups donated in the 1910s and 1920s

as part of the North Carolina Historical Commission’s war records collection project.


Subseries IA: History of the North Carolina Council of Defense

Subseries 1A contains the unpublished, original manuscript—written by Council member

Joseph Hyde Pratt from 1929 to 1932—about the history of the council, which he called “History

of the North Carolina Council of Defense, 1917-1920” (in three volumes). This history contains

Pratt’s original research on the Council’s operations, based entirely on his own experiences, his

own records, and the original records of the Council of Defense (housed after the war at the

North Carolina Historical Commission).

Box/Folder Description Date

1/1 History of the North Carolina Council of Defense, circa 1932

Volume 1 (unpublished manuscript)





1/4 Research Notes for the History of the North Carolina circa 1932

Council of Defense

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Subseries IB: General Correspondence Files

Subseries 1B, General Correspondence Files, is composed of the original correspondence

files of North Carolina Council of Defense Secretary W. S. Wilson and Chairman Daniel Harvey

Hill Jr., composed between 1917 and 1921. This correspondence primarily contains responses by

the Council to letters from the public, from various government agencies and departments, and

from county council of defense boards. The correspondence includes appointments of individuals

to positions on county councils; and documents the coordination of statewide war defense and

resource management with county and national councils. This series also contains the financial

records of the state’s Council of Defense, including a financial ledger of from 1917 to 1918,

receipts, and bank records from 1917 to 1920. The correspondence is arranged chronologically

by date, with the undated materials and financial records located at the end of the series.


2/1 General Correspondence Files: 1917 May 1917

2/2 General Correspondence Files: 1917 June 1917

2/3 General Correspondence Files: 1917 July 1917

2/4 General Correspondence Files: 1917 August 1917

2/5 General Correspondence Files: 1917 September 1917

2/6 General Correspondence Files: 1917 October 1917

2/7 General Correspondence Files: 1917 November 1917

2/8 General Correspondence Files: 1917 December 1917

2/9 General Correspondence Files: 1918 January 1918

2/10 General Correspondence Files: 1918 February 1918

3/1 General Correspondence Files: 1918 March 1-13, 1918

3/2 General Correspondence Files: 1918 March 14-31, 1918

3/3 General Correspondence Files: 1918 April 1918

3/4 General Correspondence Files: 1918 May 1918

3/5 General Correspondence Files: 1918 June 1918

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3/6 General Correspondence Files: 1918 July 1918

3/7 General Correspondence Files: 1918 August 1918

3/8 General Correspondence Files: 1918 September 1918

3/9 General Correspondence Files: 1918 October 1-15, 1918

3/10 General Correspondence Files: 1918 October 15-31, 1918

4/1 General Correspondence Files: 1918 November 1-10, 1918

4/2 General Correspondence Files: 1918 November 11-30,

1918

4/3 General Correspondence Files: 1918 December 1918

4/4 General Correspondence Files: 1919 January 1919

4/5 General Correspondence Files: 1919 February 1919

4/6 General Correspondence Files: 1919 March-December

1919

4/7 General Correspondence Files: 1920 1920

4/8 General Correspondence Files: 1921 1921

4/9 General Correspondence Files: Undated Undated

4/10 North Carolina Council of Defense Financial Ledger 1917-1918

4/11 North Carolina Council of Defense Financial Receipts 1918-1920, undated

4/12 North Carolina Council of Defense Bank Records 1917-1920


Subseries IC: Soldiers’ Record Cards

Subseries 1C, Soldiers’ Record Cards, are note cards which were compiled by the state

Council of Defense, utilized for the writing of sympathy letters to the families of North Carolina

soldiers who died in service in World War I. These note cards contain the name and rank of the

soldier killed, as well as the name and hometown of the soldier’s next of kin. They are arranged

alphabetically by soldier’s last name.

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5 Soldiers’ Record Cards: A-Me Undated

6 Soldiers’ Record Cards: Mi-Y Undated


Subseries ID: Subject Files

Subseries 1D, Subject Files, are the original topical correspondence and materials

maintained by the North Carolina Council of Defense during the war. The subseries contains the

correspondence of Council Chairman Daniel Harvey Hill Jr. and Council Secretary W. S.

Wilson; publications made by the Council for promoting support of the war effort throughout

North Carolina; and records and letters deposited with the North Carolina Historical Commission

after the war by the chairmen of several county Councils of Defense. This series is arranged

alphabetically by topic or subject matter. The Subject Files cover a variety of matters and themes

common to the period of World War I, such as the American Red Cross’s operations in the state;

espionage suspicions and trails of alien residents suspected of being spies in North Carolina;

various war-time committee records and correspondence; Liberty Loan drives and War Savings

Stamps campaigns; the organization and administration of the North Carolina Council of

Defense; Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee materials; and the Young Men’s Christian

Association (YMCA) operations in North Carolina. Subjects covered feature the state’s efforts to

recycle materials for the war effort, such as scrap drives and household food management.

Subseries 1D also contains unique records of North Carolina citizens’ reactions to the

war and the war support effort. Information on the operation of North Carolina’s draft boards and

draft exemptions process document different counties’ enlistment procedures during World War

I (see Box 9, Folders 15-16). Box 9, Folders 9-14 contain information on North Carolinians who

deserted from the U.S. military, and the attempts of officials to locate where these individuals

had gone (including information on relatives that might be hiding the men out in the state). Box

11, Folder 14, features a typed record entitled “Prosecutions Under Selective Service and

Espionage Acts. Eastern District of North Carolina, July 1, 1917-July 1, 1918,” which contains

the trial results for individuals in eastern North Carolina suspected of failure to register for the

military draft or suspected of espionage for an enemy nation. Other interesting items include the

role of women in war-time activities, such as related to the push for a Prohibition law to be

enacted. Box 14, Folder 6—Prohibition Laws (Wilson County Petition) contains an original,

signed petition from citizens of Wilson County, North Carolina, to a state representative urging

the passage of Prohibition legislation during World War I.


7/1 Absent Voters’ Law July-August 1917

7/2 Agriculture 1917-1918

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7/3 Agriculture, U.S. Department of 1917-1919

7/4 Aliens and Alien property in North Carolina 1917-1918

7/5 Allotments and Insurance September 1917-

September 1918

7/6 Allotments and Insurance October 1918-1919,

1921, undated

7/7 American Committee for Armenian and Syrian Relief 1918-1919

7/8 American Defense Society 1917

7/9 American Red Cross Correspondence June-December 1917

7/10 American Red Cross Correspondence January-June 1918

7/11 American Red Cross Correspondence July-September 1918

7/12 American Red Cross Correspondence October 1918

8/1 American Red Cross Correspondence November-December

1918

8/2 American Red Cross Correspondence 1919, undated

8/3 American Red Cross Publications 1917-1920

8/4 Anti-typhoid Campaign 1917-1918

8/5 Army Boots and Shoes 1917-1918

8/6 Boys’ Working Reserve 1917-1919

8/7 Chamber of Commerce of the United States 1917-1918

8/8 Committee on Conservation and Economy 1917-1919

8/9 Committee of Coordination 1917-1918

8/10 Committee on Employment April-June 1918

8/11 Committee on Employment Undated

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8/12 Committee on Health and Sanitation 1917-1920

8/13 Committee on Industrial Survey June-October 1917

8/14 Committee on Military Affairs June-September 1917

8/15 Committee on Public Information 1917-1918

9/1 Committee on Publicity 1917-1919

9/2 Committee on Research June-October 1917

9/3 Committee on State Protection 1917-1918

9/4 Committee on Transportation 1917-1918

9/5 Committee on War Economy and Retail Deliveries 1917-1918

9/6 Community Councils 1917-1918

9/7 Community Singing February-November

1918

9/8 Conference Committee on National Preparedness February 1918, no

date

9/9 Deserters October 1917-

October 1918

9/10 Deserters November 1918

9/11 Deserters December 1918

9/12 Deserters January-February

1919

9/13 Deserters March-December

1919

9/14 Deserters 1920-1923, undated

9/15 Draft, Board and Correspondence 1917-1918, undated

9/16 Exemption Board, Correspondence and Publications 1917-1918, undated

10/1 Fairs 1917-1918

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10/2 Finance Correspondence May-July 1917

10/3 Finance Correspondence August-September

1917

10/4 Finance Correspondence October-December

1917

10/5 Finance Correspondence January-February

1918

10/6 Finance Correspondence March-May 1918

10/7 Finance Correspondence June-July 1918

10/8 Finance Correspondence August-December

1918

10/9 Finance Correspondence 1919-1920, undated

10/10 Food Administration Correspondence 1917

10/11 Food Administration Correspondence 1918

11/1 Food Administration Publications Undated

11/2 Fosdick Training Camp Fund 1917-1918

11/3 Four Minute Men 1917-1919

11/4 Franking Privilege for Sate Councils January-November

1918

11/5 Free Milk for France Undated

11/6 French Visitors January-March 1918,

undated

11/7 Fuel Administration 1917-1918

11/8 Governor’s Appeals and Proclamations 1917-1918, undated

11/9 Historical Records: (North Carolina 1917-1919

Historical Commission)

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11/10 Home Defense Leagues, Formation of July 1917

11/11 Home Guard 1917-1918

11/12 Housing Corporation, U.S. (U.S. Department of Labor) 1918

11/13 Interior, U.S. Department of 1917-1919

11/14 Internal Conditions (Espionage Trials) 1917-1918

11/15 Labor, U.S. Department of (File 1) 1917-1918

11/16 Labor, U.S. Department of (File 2) 1918-1919

12/1 Labor, Workforce Supply and Issues 1917-1919

12/2 League to Enforce Peace 1917-1918, undated

12/3 Legal Committee of the North Carolina 1917

Council of Defense

12/4 Liberty Loans (Correspondence) 1917

12/5 Liberty Loans (Correspondence) 1918

12/6 Liberty Loans (Correspondence) 1919, undated

12/7 Liberty Loans (Miscellaneous) Undated

12/8 Liberty Loans 1917-1918, undated

(North Carolina Counties—Liberty Loan Committee)

12/9 Liberty Loans (Publications) (File 1) 1917, 1919, undated

12/10 Liberty Loans (Publications) (File 2) 1917-1919

12/11 Library War Council 1917, 1919

12/12 Livestock and Livestock Conservation Campaign May-October 1918

12/13 Livestock and Livestock Conservation Campaign November-December

1918

12/14 Livestock and Livestock Conservation Campaign 1919

13/1 Mailing Lists (War-related Mailings) 1917, undated

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13/2 Memorials (War Memorials Creation) 1918, undated

13/3 Miscellaneous Materials (File 1) Various dates

13/4 Miscellaneous Materials (File 2) Various dates

13/5 National Economic League September 1919

13/6 Naval Reserve Force, U.S. 1916-1917

13/7 Negroes (African Americans and the Council 1917-1918

of Defense)

13/8 Nurses and Nurses’ Campaign 1918, undated

13/9 Organization and Administration of Council: 1918

Annual Report

13/10 Organization and Administration of Council: 1917-1918

Circular Letters


Meetings, Correspondence


Meetings, Correspondence

13/13 Organization and Administration of Council: 1917-1918, undated

Meetings, Minutes

13/14 Organization and Administration of Council: 1917-1920, undated

Organization of Council of Defense

14/1 Organization and Administration of Council: 1917-1919

Personalities

14/2 Organization and Administration of Council: 1917, undated

Press Releases

14/3 Organizations (Miscellaneous Publications) (File 1) 1917-1920, undated

14/4 Organizations (Miscellaneous Publications) (File 2) 1917-1920, undated

14/5 Patriotic Education Society Undated

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14/6 Prohibition Laws (Wilson County Petition) circa 1917

14/7 Public Health Service, U.S. 1917-1920

14/8 Public Service Reserve, U.S. 1917-1918

14/9 Publications 1917-1920

14/10 Registration 1917-1920

14/11 Salvation Army Home Service Fund Undated

14/12 Saving Waste 1918-1919

14/13 School Garden Army 1918

14/14 Sedition 1917

14/15 Ship Building 1917-1918, undated

14/16 Skilled Workmen February 1918

14/17 Smileage Campaign 1917-1918

14/18 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee Organization 1917-1918

14/19 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Alamance 1917

14/20 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Alexander 1917

14/21 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Alleghany 1917

14/22 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Anson 1917-1918

14/23 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Ashe 1917

14/24 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Avery 1917

14/25 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Beaufort 1917

14/26 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Bertie 1917

14/27 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Bladenboro 1917

15/1 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Brunswick 1917

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15/2 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Buncombe 1917

15/3 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Burke 1917

15/4 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Cabarrus 1917

15/5 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Caldwell 1917

15/6 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Camden 1917

15/7 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Caswell 1917

15/8 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Catawba 1917

15/9 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Chatham 1917

15/10 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Cherokee 1917-1918

15/11 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Chowan 1917

15/12 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Clay 1917

15/13 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Cleveland 1917

15/14 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Columbus 1917

15/15 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Craven 1917

15/16 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Cumberland 1917

15/17 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Currituck 1917

15/18 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Dare 1917

15/19 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Davie 1917

15/20 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Duplin 1917

15/21 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Durham 1917

15/22 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee-—Forsyth 1917

15/23 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Gaston 1917

15/24 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Gates 1916-1917

19

15/25 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Graham 1917

15/26 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Granville 1917

15/27 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Guilford 1917-1918

15/28 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Halifax 1917

15/29 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Harnett 1917

15/30 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Haywood 1917

15/31 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Hertford 1917-1918

15/32 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Hoke 1917

15/33 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Hyde 1917

15/34 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Iredell 1917

15/35 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Jackson 1917

15/36 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Johnston 1917

15/37 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Jones 1917

15/38 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Lee 1917

15/39 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Lenoir 1917-1918

15/40 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Lincoln 1917

15/41 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—McDowell 1917

15/42 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Macon 1917

15/43 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Madison 1917

15/44 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Martin 1917

15/45 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Mecklenburg 1917

15/46 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Mitchell 1917

15/47 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Montgomery 1917

20

15/48 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Moore 1917

15/49 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee- Nash 1917

15/50 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—New Hanover 1917-1918

15/51 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Northampton 1917

15/52 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Onslow 1917

15/53 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Orange 1917

15/54 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Pamlico 1917

15/55 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Pasquotank 1917

15/56 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Pender 1917

15/57 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Perquimans 1917

15/58 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Person 1917

15/59 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Pitt 1917

15/60 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Polk 1917

15/61 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Randolph 1917

15/62 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Richmond 1917

15/63 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Robeson 1917-1919

15/64 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Rockingham 1917

15/65 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Rowan 1917-1918

15/66 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Rutherford 1917

15/67 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Sampson 1917

15/68 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Scotland 1917

15/69 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Stokes 1917

15/70 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Surry 1917

21

15/71 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Swain 1917

15/72 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Transylvania 1917

15/73 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Tyrrell 1917

15/74 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Union 1917-1918

15/75 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Vance 1917

15/76 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Wake 1917-1920

15/77 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Warren 1917

15/78 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Washington 1917

15/79 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Watauga 1917

15/80 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Wayne 1917-1918

15/81 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Wilkes 1917-1919

15/82 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Wilson 1917-1918

15/83 Soldiers’ Business Aid Committee—Yadkin 1917

16/1 Soldiers’ Families 1917-1919

16/2 Speakers and Speakers’ Bureau 1917

16/3 Speakers and Speakers’ Bureau 1918

16/4 Speakers and Speakers’ Bureau 1919, undated

16/5 State Organizations for War Work 1918-1919

16/6 State Reconstruction Committee 1919

16/7 Student Army Training Corps 1918, undated

16/8 Thrift Stamps 1917-1919, undated

16/9 Tobacco Warehouses, Non-opening of October 1918

16/10 Treasury Department, U.S. 1917-1919

22

16/11 United War Work Campaign 1918-1919, undated

16/12 U.S. Sailors’ House Window Display Sign Undated

16/13 Vocational Education 1918

16/14 Volunteer College Workers 1918

16/15 War Camp Community Service 1917-1918, undated

16/16 War Department, U.S. 1918-1920, undated

16/17 War Industries Board- Circulars and Forms 1918, undated

17/1 War Industries Board—Non-war Construction February-September

1918

17/2 War Industries Board—Non-war Construction October 1-10, 1918

17/3 War Industries Board—Non-war Construction October 11-31 1918

17/4 War Industries Board—Non-war Construction November-December

1918

17/5 War Savings Committee 1917-1918, undated

17/6 War Savings Stamps Promotional Signs Undated

17/7 Women’s Committee 1917

17/8 Women’s Committee 1918-1919, undated

17/9 Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) 1917-1919


Subseries IE: North Carolina Council of Defense Photographs

Subseries 1E, North Carolina Council of Defense Photographs, contains portraits of

chairmen of county Councils of Defense, and portraits of some of the members of the state

Council of Defense. These photographs were not taken at the time of the war; rather, they are

photographs that were donated by members of these councils by request of the North Carolina

Council of Defense chairman. Included with the photographs are letters to and from county and

state Council members, seeking photographs for inclusion in the historical records of the

Council. The photographs are organized alphabetically by the county from which the individual

served, with each person identified on the back of the photograph.

23


18/1 North Carolina Council of Defense Correspondence 1918-1919

Seeking Member Photographs

18/2 North Carolina Council of Defense Members Portraits Various dates

18/3 North Carolina County Councils of Defense

Chairman Portraits (Anson-Hoke) Various dates

18/4 North Carolina County Councils of Defense Various dates

Chairman Portraits (Johnston-Polk)

18/5 North Carolina County Councils of Defense Various dates

Chairman Portraits (Randolph-Tyrrell)


Subseries IF: Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers

Subseries 1F is the Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers. Pratt was a member of the Board of the

North Carolina Council of Defense (until called to active military service), and he served as the

state representative to the National Defense Conference in Washington, D.C., May 2‐3, 1917, for

Governor Thomas W. Bickett. In 1929, Pratt began arranging his papers from his time as a

member of the state Council, to use for the preparation of a history of the North Carolina Council

of Defense’s wartime activities. Pratt completed this history in 1932, but the work was never

published (see Subseries IA, Box 1). This includes documents collected from 1917 to 1920 by

Pratt, as well as the correspondence and research materials he gathered from 1921 to 1933

relating to the Council of Defense. The correspondence is arranged by date, with miscellaneous

materials located at the end of the subseries.


19/1 Transcript of Proceedings of the National Defense May 1917

Conference

19/2 Preliminary Memoranda for National Defense Conference May 1917

19/3 National Defense Conference Materials April-June 1917

19/4 Pratt’s Report on National Defense Conference to May 1917

Governor Thomas W. Bickett

19/5 Council of National Defense’s Report on June 1917

Organization and Activities of State Councils of Defense

24

19/6 Report of Valuable Materials for Rapid Highway and Undated

Railroad Construction behind the Front for the

State of North Carolina

19/7 Pratt Correspondence April-May 1917

19/8 Pratt Correspondence June 1917

19/9 Pratt Correspondence July-October 1917

19/10 Pratt Correspondence 1919-1920

19/11 Pratt Correspondence 1928




19/15 Joseph Hyde Pratt Biographical Sketches Undated

19/16 Miscellaneous Records Various dates

19/17 Miscellaneous Records Various dates

19/18 Manufacturer Records War Eagle Editorial Series 1918

20/1 Newspapers Clippings Various dates

Series II: North Carolina County Councils of Defense (arranged alphabetically by North

Carolina County’s name)

Series II, North Carolina County Councils of Defense, contains correspondence about the

organization of the county Councils of Defense; form letters sent to and by the county Councils;

and correspondence of the chairmen for most of North Carolina’s county Councils. Most of these

materials were sent to the North Carolina Historical Commission by the counties following

World War I. The series also contains miscellaneous documents related to various war-time

programs, projects, and commemorations within each county. The series is arranged

alphabetically by county, with most of the materials dating between 1917 and 1921. For many

North Carolina counties, these are the only existing records of the operation of county Councils

of Defense (apart from newspaper articles).

25


20/2 County Councils: Organization of 1918, undated

20/3 County Councils: Form Letters to 1917

20/4 County Councils: Form Letters to 1918, undated

20/5 Alamance 1917-1918

20/6 Alexander 1917-1918

20/7 Alleghany 1917-1918

20/8 Anson 1917-1918

20/9 Ashe 1917-1918

20/10 Avery 1917-1918

20/11 Beaufort 1917-1918

20/12 Bertie 1917-1918, 1921

20/13 Bladen 1917-1918

20/14 Brunswick 1917

20/15 Buncombe 1917-1918, 1921

20/16 Burke 1917

20/17 Cabarrus 1917-1919

20/18 Caldwell 1917

20/19 Camden 1917-1918

20/20 Carteret 1917-1918

20/21 Caswell 1917-1918, 1921

20/22 Catawba 1917

20/23 Chatham 1917-1918

26

20/24 Cherokee 1917-1918

20/25 Chowan 1917-1918

20/26 Clay 1917-1918

20/27 Cleveland 1917-1918

20/28 Columbus 1917-1918

20/29 Craven 1917-1918

20/30 Cumberland 1917-1918

21/1 Currituck 1917-1918

21/2 Dare 1917

21/3 Davidson 1917-1918

21/4 Davie 1917-1918

21/5 Duplin 1917-1918

21/6 Durham 1917-1919

21/7 Edgecombe 1917-1918

21/8 Forsythe 1917-1919

21/9 Franklin 1917-1918

21/10 Gaston 1917-1918

21/11 Gates 1917-1918

21/12 Graham 1917-1918

21/13 Granville 1917-1918

21/14 Greene 1917

21/15 Guilford 1917-1919

21/16 Halifax 1917-1918

27

21/17 Harnett 1917-1918

21/18 Haywood 1917-1918

21/19 Henderson 1917-1918

21/20 Hertford 1917-1918

21/21 Hoke 1917

21/22 Hyde 1917

21/23 Iredell 1917-1918

21/24 Jackson 1917-1918

21/25 Johnston 1917-1919

21/26 Jones 1917-1918

21/27 Lee 1917-1918

21/28 Lenoir (File 1) 1917-1918

22/1 Lenoir (File 2) 1918-1919, undated

22/2 Lincoln 1917-1918

22/3 McDowell 1917-1918

22/4 Macon 1917-1918

22/5 Madison 1917-1918

22/6 Martin 1917-1918

22/7 Mecklenburg 1917-1918, undated

22/8 Mitchell 1917-1918

22/9 Montgomery 1917-1918

22/10 Moore 1917-1919

22/11 Nash 1917

28

22/12 Nash 1918, undated

22/13 New Hanover 1917

22/14 New Hanover 1917-1918

22/15 Northampton 1917-1918

22/16 Onslow 1917-1918

22/17 Orange 1917-1918

22/18 Orange—List of Inducted Men Undated

23/1 Orange—A Record of the War Activities of Undated

Orange County, 1917-1919 (108 pages)

23/2 Pamlico 1917-1918

23/3 Pasquotank 1917-1918

23/4 Pender 1917-1918

23/5 Perquimans 1917-1918

23/6 Person 1917-1918

23/7 Pitt 1917-1918, 1921

23/8 Polk 1917-1918

23/9 Randolph 1917-1919

23/10 Richmond 1917-1918

23/11 Robson 1917-1918

23/12 Rockingham 1917-1918, undated

23/13 Rowan 1917-1918

23/14 Rutherford 1917-1918

23/15 Sampson 1917-1918

23/16 Scotland 1917-1918

29

23/17 Stanly 1917-1918

23/18 Stokes 1917-1918

23/19 Surry 1917-1918

23/20 Swain 1917

23/21 Transylvania 1917-1918

23/22 Tyrrell 1917-1918

23/23 Union 1917-1918

23/24 Vance 1917-1918

23/25 Wake 1917-1918, undated

23/26 Warren 1917-1918

23/27 Washington 1917-1918

23/28 Watauga 1917-1918

23/29 Wayne 1917-1918

24/1 Wilkes 1917-1918

24/2 Wilson 1917-1918

24/3 Yadkin 1917-1918

24/4 Yancey 1917-1918


Series III, State and National Council of Defense Materials, holds records of the

operation and programs of other states Councils of Defense and the Council of National Defense.

Dating from 1917 to 1919, the series is broken into two subseries: Subseries IIIA: State Councils

of Defense Materials, and Subseries IIIB: Council of National Defense Materials.

30


Subseries IIIA: State Councils of Defense Materials

Subseries IIIA contains samples of publications, promotional materials, posters,

handouts, and policies from other states in America, which the North Carolina Council of

Defense utilized to assist it in developing new in-state programs and policies. This subseries is

arranged alphabetically by states’ name.


24/5 Alabama 1918-1919

24/6 Arizona 1917-1919, undated

24/7 California 1917-1919

24/8 Connecticut 1918

24/9 Connecticut 1917-1919, undated

24/10 Colorado 1917-1918

24/11 District of Columbia 1919

24/12 Florida 1918

24/13 Idaho 1918, undated

24/14 Illinois 1917-1918

25/1 Illinois 1917-1918

25/2 Illinois circa 1920

25/3 Indiana 1917, undated

25/4 Iowa 1917-1918, undated

25/5 Kansas 1918, undated

25/6 Kentucky 1918

25/7 Louisiana 1917, undated

25/8 Maine 1918-1919

31

25/9 Maryland 1917, 1919

25/10 Massachusetts 1917-1918

25/11 Michigan 1917

25/12 Minnesota 1917-1918

26/1 Minnesota 1919

26/2 Missouri 1917-1918

26/3 Missouri 1919

26/4 Nebraska 1917

26/5 Nevada 1918

26/6 New Hampshire 1917-1918

26/7 New Jersey 1917-1918

26/8 New Jersey 1918

26/9 New Mexico 1917-1918

26/10 New York 1917-1919

26/11 North Dakota 1917

27/1 Ohio 1917-1918

27/2 Oklahoma 1919

27/3 Oklahoma 1917-1919, undated

27/4 Pennsylvania 1917-1919

27/5 Pennsylvania 1917-1918, undated

27/6 Pennsylvania- Press Information 1917-1918

27/7 South Carolina circa 1917-1919

27/8 South Dakota 1918

32

27/9 Tennessee 1917

27/10 Texas 1917, 1919

28/1 Utah 1917-1918

28/2 Vermont 1918, undated

28/3 Virginia 1917

28/4 West Virginia 1917, undated

28/5 Wisconsin 1917-1919

28/6 Wisconsin 1917-1918


Subseries IIIB: Council of National Defense Materials

Series IIIB has materials sent to the North Carolina Council of Defense by the Council of

National Defense during World War I. It is composed of correspondence, bulletins, circulars,

press releases, and memoranda covering various subjects, such as the Council of National

Defense’s Woman’s Committee. This subseries is arranged alphabetically by topic or title.


28/7 Commercial Economy Board 1917-1918, undated

28/8 Community Councils 1918-1919

28/9 Field Division—Bulletins 1918-1919

28/10 Field Division—Circulars 1918-1919

28/11 Field Division—General Letters 1918-1919, undated

28/12 Field Division—Memoranda 1918-1919

28/13 Miscellaneous Correspondence 1917, undated

28/14 Miscellaneous Press Releases 1918-1919, undated

29/1 Miscellaneous Publications 1917, 1919

33

29/2 Miscellaneous Publications 1917-1918

29/3 State Councils Section—Bulletins Numbers 3-20 1917





29/8 State Councils Section—General Letters Numbers 1-20 1917

29/9 State Councils Section—General Letters 21-50 1917-1918

29/10 State Councils Section—General Letters 51-70 1918



30/2 State Councils Section—General Letters 132-164a 1917-1918

30/3 State Councils Section—Information Circulars 1917-1918, undated

30/4 Woman’s Committee 1917-1918

Series IV: Oversized Materials

Series IV consists of oversized items, such as posters and large certificates, originally

folded and stored in regular file folders within the collection. The oversized items have been

arranged by size within the corresponding size of archival storage boxes and acid-free folders.

Each oversized item is described based on which original folder and series/subseries the item

was located in prior to reprocessing of the collection. In brackets following the folder or item

title is written the original box and folder for other locations within the collection WWI 1, from

which the oversized items were formerly stored. Oversized Boxes 31 and 32 are stored on the

archival storage shelves with the rest of WWI 1’s collection boxes. The remaining oversized

folders are now stored in the Military Collection Oversized Map Case.


31/1 U.S. Department of Labor—War Production Posters Undated

[Removed from Box 11, Folders 15-16]

31/2 U.S. Department of Labor—War Production Posters Undated

34


31/3 U.S. Department of Labor—Post-war Posters Undated


31/4 U.S. Department of Labor—Post-war Posters Undated


31/5 U.S. Department of Labor—General Posters Undated


31/6 U.S. Department of Labor—Homeownership Promotion Undated

Posters [Removed from Box 11, Folders 15-16]

31/7 Soldiers Business Aid Committee Certificates 1917

[Removed from Box 15, Folders 33; Box 15, Folder 73;

and Box 21, Folder 18]

31/8 Camden County Patriotic Celebration Poster July 1917

[Removed from Box 20, Folder 19]

31/9 Lincoln County Patriotic Picnic Poster Undated


31/10 Surry County War Event Posters 1918, undated


31/11 Raleigh U.S. Marine Corps. Recruitment Poster (2 copies) Undated

32/1 Indiana Council of Defense Bulletin, Vol. 1, Nos. 1-3 1917








32/5 Indiana Council of Defense Bulletin, Vol. 1, Nos. 14; 1917

18-19 [Removed from Box 25, Folder 3]

32/6 Indiana Council of Defense Bulletin, Vol. 1, Nos. 20-22 1917-1918


35



32/8 Indiana Council of Defense Bulletin, Vol. 1, Nos. 26-28; 1918

30 [Removed from Box 25, Folder 3]

Oversized Folder 1 Miscellaneous War Posters 1917-1918

(See list below for folder contents)

Surry County Parade Poster [Removed

from Box 23, Folder 19]

Unidentified North Carolina Draft Registration

Parade Poster, June 5, 1917

Colorado Council of Defense War Effort Poster


Council of National Defense Thrift and Economy

Poster [Removed from Subseries IIIB: Council

of National Defense Materials]

Oversized Folder 2 North Carolina Coastline Maps Undated

(See list below for folder contents)

Atlantic Coast Index Map, Southeastern

Department, North Carolina [from

Subseries IF: Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers]

Atlantic Coast Index Map, Eastern

Department, Virginia [from Subseries IF:

Joseph Hyde Pratt Papers]

Oversized Folder 3 Miscellaneous War Posters Undated

(See list below for folder contents,

arranged by poster size in folder)

“Four Minute Men” Theater Presentation

Poster

Vermont Council of Defense War Poster


Vermont Council of Defense Vermont Infantry

36

Volunteer Poster [Removed from Box 28,

Folder 2]

Nebraska Council of Defense Wartime Wheat

Production Poster [Removed from Box 26,

Folder 4]

Connecticut Council of Defense “Why Germany

Wants Peace” Poster [Removed from Box 24,

Folder 8]

Military Collection State Archives of North Carolina North Carolina … · 2018. 6. 19. · Defense. Overall, the collection documents the status of North Carolina’s resources,

Documents