MikroTik Vendor Session © MikroTik 2005 1 MikroTik Vendor Session WISPNOG February 17-18 th, 2005 Chicago, IL.

MikroTik Vendor SessionMikroTik Vendor Session © MikroTik 2005© MikroTik 2005 11

MikroTik Vendor MikroTik Vendor SessionSession

WISPNOGWISPNOG

February 17-18February 17-18thth, 2005, 2005

Chicago, ILChicago, IL


RouterOS FeaturesRouterOS Features

Routing. Static or dynamic, policy routing.Routing. Static or dynamic, policy routing. Bridging. Spanning tree protocol, multiple Bridging. Spanning tree protocol, multiple

bridge interfaces, bridge firewallbridge interfaces, bridge firewall Servers and Clients: DHCP, PPPoE, Servers and Clients: DHCP, PPPoE,

PPTP, PPP, DHCP Relay.PPTP, PPP, DHCP Relay. Cache: Web-proxy, DNSCache: Web-proxy, DNS HotSpot GatewayHotSpot Gateway Internal scripting languageInternal scripting language


RouterOS InterfacesRouterOS Interfaces

Ethernet 10/100, GigabitEthernet 10/100, Gigabit Wireless (Atheros, Prism, Wireless (Atheros, Prism,

CISCO/Aironet)CISCO/Aironet) Access Point or Station/Client modeAccess Point or Station/Client mode

Synchronous: V35, T1, Frame Synchronous: V35, T1, Frame RelayRelay

Asynchronous: Onboard serial, 8-Asynchronous: Onboard serial, 8-port PCIport PCI

ISDNISDN xDSLxDSL Virtual LAN (VLAN)Virtual LAN (VLAN)


Network Management ToolsNetwork Management Tools

RouterOS offers a great RouterOS offers a great number of tools :number of tools : Ping, traceroutePing, traceroute Bandwidth testerBandwidth tester Traffic accountingTraffic accounting SNMPSNMP TorchTorch Packet SnifferPacket Sniffer


Quality of Service (QoS)Quality of Service (QoS)

Various queue types:Various queue types: RED, BFIFO, PFIFO, PCQRED, BFIFO, PFIFO, PCQ

Easy to apply Simple Queues:Easy to apply Simple Queues: By source/destination network/host IP By source/destination network/host IP

address, interfaceaddress, interface More complex Queue Trees:More complex Queue Trees:

By protocol, port, connection type, hierarchical By protocol, port, connection type, hierarchical structurestructure


Per Connection Queue (PCQ)Per Connection Queue (PCQ)

PCQ is used to equalize each particular PCQ is used to equalize each particular user or each particular connection.user or each particular connection.

To use PCQ, new queue type(s) must be To use PCQ, new queue type(s) must be added with argument ‘kind=pcq’added with argument ‘kind=pcq’

Specify the desired ‘pcq-classifier’ and Specify the desired ‘pcq-classifier’ and ‘pcq-rate’‘pcq-rate’


PCQ RatePCQ Rate

Set the PCQ Rate to Set the PCQ Rate to ‘0’, if you do not want ‘0’, if you do not want to limit subqueues, to limit subqueues, i.e, they can use the i.e, they can use the bandwidth up to ‘max-bandwidth up to ‘max-limit’, if available.limit’, if available.


PCQ ExamplePCQ Example

If ‘limit-at’ and ‘max-If ‘limit-at’ and ‘max-limit’ are set to ‘0’, limit’ are set to ‘0’, then the subqueues then the subqueues can take up total can take up total bandwidth available bandwidth available for the parent.for the parent.


PCQ in Action IPCQ in Action I

queue=pcq-downmax-limit=512k

128k

128k

128k

128k

Pcq-rate=128000Pcq-rate=128000

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

128k

128k

2 ‘users’ 4 ‘users’ 7 ‘users’


PCQ in Action IIPCQ in Action II

queue=pcq-downmax-limit=512k

Pcq-rate=0Pcq-rate=0

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

73k

512k

1 ‘user’ 7 ‘users’

256k

2 ‘users’

256k


P2P Traffic MarkingP2P Traffic Marking


Strategy for P2P TrafficStrategy for P2P Traffic

Once the P2P traffic is marked, you can applyOnce the P2P traffic is marked, you can apply Firewall filters to drop all P2P traffic;Firewall filters to drop all P2P traffic; Policy routing to reroute it;Policy routing to reroute it; Queues to shape P2P down.Queues to shape P2P down.

Shaping is the most effective way of coping with Shaping is the most effective way of coping with P2P trafficP2P traffic Shape it all down to some [very low] limit, or,Shape it all down to some [very low] limit, or, Shape each user to different limit, or,Shape each user to different limit, or, Give each user certain amount of P2P bandwidth.Give each user certain amount of P2P bandwidth.


P2P ShapingP2P Shaping


Wireless Distribution SystemWireless Distribution System

WDS (Wireless Distribution System) allows WDS (Wireless Distribution System) allows packets to pass from one wireless AP (Access packets to pass from one wireless AP (Access Point) to another, just as if the APs were ports on a Point) to another, just as if the APs were ports on a wired Ethernet switch.wired Ethernet switch.APs must use the same standard (802.11a, APs must use the same standard (802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g) and work on the same 802.11b or 802.11g) and work on the same frequencies in order to connect to each other.frequencies in order to connect to each other.WDS is used to make bridged networks across the WDS is used to make bridged networks across the wireless and to extend the network using wireless.wireless and to extend the network using wireless.


WDS ApplicationsWDS Applications

AP1 and AP2 should be within RF rangeAP1 and AP2 should be within RF range Test with the scan feature to see signal levelsTest with the scan feature to see signal levels

WISP (Level 4) license can be used in case WISP (Level 4) license can be used in case when bridged point-to-point link is requiredwhen bridged point-to-point link is required

ST ST ST

AP2

STST ST ST

AP1

ST

BR2BR1

WDSWDS

WDSWDS



STAR CHAIN



LOOP MESH



Add bridge interface on both APs:Add bridge interface on both APs:/interface bridge add name=bridge1 disabled=no /interface bridge add name=bridge1 disabled=no Add local Ethernet interface to the bridge on both APs:Add local Ethernet interface to the bridge on both APs:/interface bridge port set ether1 bridge=bridge1/interface bridge port set ether1 bridge=bridge1Configure both AP1 and AP2 as an APs and enable WDS:Configure both AP1 and AP2 as an APs and enable WDS:/interface wireless set wlan1 mode=ap-bridge band=5ghz /interface wireless set wlan1 mode=ap-bridge band=5ghz frequency=5300 wds-mode=dynamic wds-default-frequency=5300 wds-mode=dynamic wds-default-bridge=bridge1bridge=bridge1

AP2AP1LAN

LAN

WDS link


N-Streme ProtocolN-Streme Protocol

MikroTik proprietary (i.e., incompatible with MikroTik proprietary (i.e., incompatible with other vendors) wireless protocol created to other vendors) wireless protocol created to improve point-to-point and point-to-multipoint improve point-to-point and point-to-multipoint wireless links.wireless links.

Nstreme2 (Dual) works with a pair of wireless Nstreme2 (Dual) works with a pair of wireless cards (Atheros chipset cards only) – one cards (Atheros chipset cards only) – one transmitting, one receivingtransmitting, one receiving



Benefits of nstreme protocol:Benefits of nstreme protocol:Client polling Client polling Very low protocol overhead per frame Very low protocol overhead per frame allowing super-high data rates allowing super-high data rates No protocol limits on link distance No protocol limits on link distance No protocol speed degradation for long link No protocol speed degradation for long link distances distances Dynamic protocol adjustment depending on Dynamic protocol adjustment depending on traffic type and resource usage traffic type and resource usage



To enable Nstreme you should make a working wireless link To enable Nstreme you should make a working wireless link and then enable the nstreme protocol on the wireless link and then enable the nstreme protocol on the wireless link routers:routers:/interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 enable-nstreme=yes/interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 enable-nstreme=yes

If you want to increase the performance of the link then you If you want to increase the performance of the link then you need to specify one of the framer-policy, by default it is none:need to specify one of the framer-policy, by default it is none:/interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 framer-policy=dynamic-/interface wireless nstreme set wlan1 framer-policy=dynamic-sizesize

Now the wireless card will try to increase the performance by Now the wireless card will try to increase the performance by sending more bigger frames – it will make the frames bigger sending more bigger frames – it will make the frames bigger by adding multiple packets into one frame.by adding multiple packets into one frame.


N-Streme 2 ProtocolN-Streme 2 Protocol

Full-duplex radio setup: Full-duplex radio setup: Both routers have 2 wireless cards.Both routers have 2 wireless cards.AP1: wlan1 – receiving only; wlan2 – transmitting onlyAP1: wlan1 – receiving only; wlan2 – transmitting onlyAP2: wlan1 – transmitting only; wlan2 – receiving onlyAP2: wlan1 – transmitting only; wlan2 – receiving only

AP1 AP2

TX

TX

RX

RXwlan1 wlan1

wlan2 wlan2


Information about Configuring Information about Configuring MikrotTikMikrotTik

MikroTik DocumentationMikroTik Documentation http://www.mikrotik.com/documentation.htmlhttp://www.mikrotik.com/documentation.html

Please seePlease see MikroTik RouterOS™ How ToMikroTik RouterOS™ How To Online Reference ManualOnline Reference Manual

MikroTik Vendor Session © MikroTik 2005 1 MikroTik Vendor Session WISPNOG February 17-18 th, 2005 Chicago, IL.

Documents

pcqrate slide

connection queue pcq

pcq rate

pcq red

pcq example

pcq easy

p2p shaping slide

p2p traffic marking