Migration •Migration is a form of mobility •Geographers document where people migrate to and from across the space of the earth •Geographers are especially interested in why people migrate.
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Migration•Migration is a form of mobility•Geographers document where people migrate to and from across the space of the earth •Geographers are especially interested in whypeople migrate.
Cyclic Movement Personal
Cyclical Movement- journeys that begin at our home and take us back to our home.
A majority of people have a daily routine that takes them to different places within a local area.
Human geographers label this a person’s activity space.
Activity Space- The space within which daily activity occurs.
Cyclic Movement Population
Cyclic Movement Population
Movement of people from Canada and the Northern United States to Florida and other Sunbelt states for the winter.
Periodic Movement
Similar to Cyclic Movement (starts and ends at “home”)
Involves a longer period of time away from home.
Can you think of some examples this would apply to?
Periodic Movement
College
Migrant Labor
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The need for migrant labor in the farm fields of California Florida and other parts of the United States creates a large flow of cross-border movers, many of whom eventually become immigrants.
Flow of Migration
Always involves a two-way connection People move from “Location A” to
“Location B” At the same time, people move from
“Location B” to “Location A”
Net Migration
Emigration• Migration FROM a location
Immigration• Migration TO a location
The difference between these two groups (emigrants and immigrants) results in the NET MIGRATION.
Net Migration Example
“Country A” has 1 million emigrants and 1.5 million immigrants
In this scenario the number of immigrants (1.5 m) exceeds the number of emigrants (1 m).
There are more people coming IN to the country than going OUT of the country.
Human geographers label this as net-in migration.
Net Migration Example
“Country B” has 1.25 million emigrants and 1.2 million immigrants.
In this scenario the number of emigrants exceeds the number of immigrants.
There are more people going OUT of the country than there are people coming IN to the country.
Human geographers label this as net-out migration.
Review of Diffusion
Diffusion- the spatial spreading a cultural element (e.g. technological innovation) or some other phenomenon (e.g. a disease outbreak).
Because of technological breakthroughs in communication and transportation human geographers have tried to label different types of diffusion.
Relocation Diffusion- the spreading of a cultural element or other phenomenon through bodily movement of people from one area to another.
Migration is a specific type of Relocation Diffusion.
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Relocation diffusion used to depend on physical movement. But now, thanks to advances in communication and transportation technology relocation diffusion is no longer necesssary to spread ideas from one place to another. There is a changing scale because of the use of modern day
Question
If people can participate in the globalization of culture and economy regardless of place and of residence, why do they still migrate in large numbers?
PLACE
PLACE is still very important! Within a global economy an individuals
ability to earn a living varies from place to place.
Within a global culture, people migrate to escape from domination by other cultural groups
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Or to be reunited with people of similar cultural groups.
Immigration Post 9/11
Since September 11, 2001, many countries have cracked down on immigration, making legal and illegal immigration more difficult.
The cultural landscape of the border region is now changing.
Tijuana and San Diego
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Separated by a highly gaurded border infastructure. Two walls to discourage illegal border crossings. Human Rights activists place the crosses on the wall to honor those who have died trying to reach the united states. Illegal immigrants go through great lengths to try and fid their way into the United States The United States go to great lengths to deter illegal immigration.
Nogales (between Arizona and Mexico)
The New York Times reported that the architecture group that made this wall followed strict government requirements that the wall be aesthetically pleasing to “evoke the friendship” between the two countries while also making it “resistant to physical assault by means such as welding torches, chisel, hammers, firearms, climbing over or penetration with vehicles.”
Nogales Fence
From the AP 2011
Remittances
Remittances- Monies the migrants send home to family.
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