MIDTERM REVIEW
Dec 18, 2015
MIDTERM REVIEW
Early Colonial Settlement
O Early forms of representative democracy
Declaration of Independence
O Thomas JeffersonO John LockeO Natural rightsO People by the peopleO People should change or abolish the
governmentO Common Sense
Weakness of A. of C.O Weak central gov’tO States had more powerO No presidentO Each state made their own moneyO 9/13 to pass any lawO All 13 to change the Articles
Great Compromise O Representation base on populationO Equal representationO Bicameral
O House of Reps – based on populationO Senate – Equal representation (2 per
state)
3/5 CompromiseO Slaves to count for representationO Slaves not countedO Slaves will count for
O Taxation O Representation
RatificationO 9 out of 13
FederalismO Division of power between the state
and federal governmentO Delegated – federal gov’t powersO Reserved – State gov’t powersO Concurrent – Powers they share
Legislative BranchO Makes O House of Representatives & SenateO Impeach the PresidentO Declare WarO Controls gov’t spending
Executive BranchO Enforces/carries outO Commander in ChiefO Chief of gov’tO Pardons peopleO Gives State of Union addressO Makes treatiesO Appoints judges, etc
Electoral CollegeO Formal election of the PresidentO Can win popular vote and lose
electionO Candidates campaign in populated
states
Judicial BranchO Determining if a law is constitutional
or notO Marbury v. MadisonO LifeO So they are free from political
pressure
Checks & BalancesO So one branch doesn’t get too much
powerO VetoO ImpeachO Override vetoO Judicial ReviewO President nominates judges &
ambassadors
Unwritten ConstitutionO Judicial reviewO Political PartiesO CabinetO LobbyistO Political Action Committees
FlexibilityO The first 10 AmendmentsO ¾O “Elastic Clause” – Congress can
make laws to meet the needs of a changing society
O Constitution is the supreme law of the land
O McCulloch v. Maryland
WashingtonO Cabinet, two-term traditionO Political parties would divide countryO Entangling alliances
Federalists v. Anti-federalists
O FederalistsO Strong federal gov’tO IndustryO For England
O Anti-federalistsO Strong state gov’tO For FranceO Agriculture
IsolationismO Stay out of foreign affairs
JeffersonO Louisiana Purchase
O France for 15 millionO New OrleansO Doubled
O Following the Constitution word for word
O Not following the Constitution word for word
O As a strict constructionist, Jefferson should have argued against the purchase; used his treaty making powers
War of 1812O ImpressmentO Short term rise in nationalismO U.S. survived a major war on their
own
MonroeO Time of peace and prosperity after
the War of 1812O No new European colonies in the
Western Hemisphere
JacksonO They got rid of the land requirement
to voteO Giving gov’t jobs to friends, family
and political supporters
Indian RemovalO Worcester v. Georgia
O Indians won case because they had a treaty with the federal government
O Jackson disregards decision and removes them
O Trail of Tears – forceful removal of Cherokee west of the Mississippi River
Tariff IssuesO Tariff of Abominations – 40% taxO South hated itO Forces people to buy American
goodsO Protects American businesses
BankO Got rid of national bankO Put gov’t money into state banks
(pet banks)
Reforms - AbolitionO Movement to end slavery
O Frederick DouglassO William Lloyd GarrisonO Harriet TubmanO Harriet Beecher Stowe
Reforms - InventionsO 1st Industrial Revolution
O John DeereO Steamboat, & Steam locomotiveO Canal development
Reforms - ReligiousO Second Great Awakening
Reforms - EducationO Horace Mann
O Elimination of one room school houses
O Grade levelsO Teacher training
Reforms – Mentally IllO Dorothea Dix
O Helped reform prisons and mental institutions
O Educated people about mentally ill
Manifest DestinyO God given right to expand sea to
shining sea
1. Independent from England2. War in revolutionary war w/England3. Bought from France for $15 million4. Won in war; Treaty of Guadalupe-
Hildalgo5. Bought from Mexico for railroad6. From Spain in Adams – Onis Treaty
Missouri CompromiseO Missouri enters as a slave stateO Maine enters as a free stateO 36o30’ line is established
Six Causes of the WarO Compromise of 1850O Kansas – Nebraska Act (Bleeding
Kansas)O Dred Scott CaseO Uncle Tom’s CabinO John Brown’s RaidO Election of Lincoln
O Election of LincolnO Preserve the UnionO GettysburgO DraftO Habeas corpus