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Biology 12 – 0708 Form APage 1

Biology 12: Midterm Review Name: Date:

Blk:1. Which of the following are found in lysosomes?

A. ATPB. RNAC. enzymesD. glycogen

2. What organelle functions with the endoplasmic reticulum during protein production?

A. the ribosomeB. the lysosomeC. the chloroplastD. the cell membrane

ZY

X

W

3. Where are drugs detoxified in liver cells?

A. WB. XC. Y

Page 2 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

Use the following diagram to answer question 4.

Z

Y X

W

4. Which organelle contains the information necessary to produce enzymes?

A. WB. XC. YD. Z

5. Which of the following molecules, when added to water, will produce a solution with the lowest pH?

A. celluloseB. neutral fatC. nucleic acidD. monosaccharide

Use the following graph to answer question 6.8

7

6pH

5

4

3T

Time6. At time T, a small amount of dilute acid is added to a solution buffered to pH 5.0. Which line

on the graph illustrates the change in pH of the solution following the addition of the weak acid?A. WB. XC. Y

Z

YX

W

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 3

D. Z

Page 4 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

7. Which of the following equations illustrates a synthesis reaction?

A. acid base salt waterB. ATP ADP P energyC. protein+ water amino acidsD. glucose + glucose maltose + water

8. The graph shows the relative number of atoms in a molecule.

3

Relative number 2

of atoms ina molecule

1

0P O H C N

Type of atom

Which of the following molecules reflects the data shown by the graph?

A. ATPB. DNAC. riboseD. hemoglobin

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 5

9. Which of the following molecules insulates the body from heat loss?

A. H HO

R OH B. HH C O

O H H H H HC C C C C C H

N C C N C CH H H

H R R HO

H C O

O H H H H H H

C C C C C C C H

H C O

H

O H H H C C C C

H H H

HC H

H H H H H

C. OH D.CH2

O O O O

CH2

OO O O

10. Which of the following molecules is stored in the liver and broken down when the body needs energy?

A. starchB. maltoseC. celluloseD. glycogen

11. What type of molecule is hemoglobin?

A. a steroidB. a proteinC. a nucleic acidD. a carbohydrate

CH3

CH3

CH2 CH2

OO

Page 6 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

Use the following diagram to answer question 12.

X Y

12. X and Y could represent which of the following?

A. adenine and uracilB. guanine and cytosineC. cytosine and adenineD. thymine and thymine

13. Which of the following is a difference between RNA and DNA?

A. the number of strandsB. the presence of adenineC. the presence of guanineD. the presence of a five-carbon sugar

SS

P P

SS

P P

SS

PP

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 7

Use the following diagram to answer question 14.

14. Which of the following correctly describes this process?

A. Translation is occurring in the nucleus.B. Replication is occurring in the nucleus.C. Transcription is occurring in the nucleus.D. Translation is occurring in the cytoplasm.

15. The sequence of bases in a portion of a DNA molecule is C C G T A C. Which of the following represents the sequence of bases in the corresponding codons?

A. C C G T A CB. C C G U A CC. G G C A T GD. G G C A U G

16. Which of the following molecules is produced during translation?

A. DNAB. tRNAC. proteinD. mRNA

Page 8 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

Use the following diagram to answer question 16.

X

17. Which DNA base sequence corresponds to the sequence of bases at X?

A. C T TB. C U UC. G A A D. G U U

18. By which of the following processes do oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the membranes of the alveoli?

A.osmosisB. diffusionC. pinocytosisD. active transport

A

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 9

Use the following chart to answer question 18.

19. Which of the following correctly matches the amino acid, codon and anticodon?

A.

B.

C.

D.

20. What is the process by which the sodium-potassium pump moves ions across the cell membrane?

A.osmosisB. diffusionC. active transportD. facilitated transport

LeucineMethionine

Valine

PhenylalanineUUU UUC

UUA UUG

GUU GUC GUA GUG

LeucineCUU CUC CUA CUG

IsoleucineAUU AUC AUA

A

UGA StopUGG Tryptophan

GlycineGGU GGC GGA GGG

ArginineCGU CGC CGA CGG

Arginine

CysteineUGU UGC

SerineAGU AGC

AGA AGG

SerineUCU UCC UCA UCG

AlanineGCU GCC GCA GCG

ProlineCCU CCC CCA CCG

Threonine

Stop

ACU ACC ACA ACG

Tyrosine

UAU UACGlutamate

Aspartic acidGAU GAC

GAA GAG

Glutamine

HistidineCAU CAC

CAA CAG

Lysine

AsparagineAAU AAC

AAA AAG

Three-letter

codons of messenger RNA and the amino acids specified by the codons

Amino acid Codon Anticodon

alanine G C C C G G

proline G G C C C G

isoleucine T A T A U A

asparagine A A C T T G

Page Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

Use the following diagram to answer question 20.

X

W

Y

21. Which structure can act as a glucose carrier?

A.WB. XC. YD.Z

22. A 0.9% solution of sodium chloride is isotonic to red blood cells. Which of the following will result when the cells are placed in a 0.3% solution of NaCl?

A. Water will move into the cells causing lysis.B. Water will move out of the cells causing lysis.C. Water will move into the cells causing crenation.D. Water will move out of the cells causing crenation.

23. How do enzymes increase the rate of a chemical reaction?A. They denature the substrate.B. They decrease the energy of activation.C. They increase the substrate concentration.D. They donate atoms or ions to the reactants.

Use the following diagram to answer question 22.

Time

24. What is the process shown in the diagram if X contains polypeptide molecules?

A.exocytosisB. pinocytosisC. phagocytosisD. facilitated transport

X

Z

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page

Use the following diagram to answer question 25.

Time 1 hour

Membrane

25. In an experiment, the bottom of a thistle tube is covered with a membrane permeable only to water. The thistle tube is filled with a 10% sucrose solution and placed in a beaker containing a 5% sucrose solution. What will happen to the solution in the tube after one hour?

A. The concentration of sucrose will decrease and become isotonic to the solution in the beaker.B. The concentration of sucrose will increase and become isotonic to the solution in the beaker.C. The concentration of sucrose will decrease and become hypotonic to the solution in the

beaker.D. The concentration of sucrose will increase and become hypotonic to the solution in the beaker.

Use the following graph to answer question 26.

Potentialenergy Z

Progress of reaction

26. Which line indicates the change in potential energy in a reaction when no enzyme is available?

A.WB. XC. YD.Z

?5%10%

W

Y

X

Page 12 Biology 12 – 0708 Form A

27. The activation energy required to initiate a metabolic reaction may be increased by the addition of

A. heat.B. a substrate.C. an enzyme.D.an inhibitor.

Use the following diagram to answer questions 28 and 29.

X

28. If X is a carbohydrate, what are Y and Z?A. nucleotidesB. amino acidsC. glucose and maltoseD. fatty acid and glycerol

29. Which of the following is X?

A. a productB. a reactantC. an enzymeD. an enzyme-substrate complex

30. Where does the emulsification of fat occur?

A. the liverB. the colonC. the gall bladderD. the small intestine

Use the following diagram to answer question 31.

X

Y

Z

Y

Biology 12 – 0708 Form A Page 13

31. What is a difference between the contents in this structure at X and at Y?

A. There is more bile at X than Y.B. There is less lipase at X than Y.C. There is more water at X than Y.D. There is less protein at X than Y.

32. What organ produces pepsinogen?

A. the liverB. the stomachC. the pancreasD. the duodenum

33. Which of the following correctly matches a digestive enzyme and the pH it requires to function at an optimum rate?

A.

B.

C.D.

Use the following diagram to answer question 34.

Z

34. Which indicated structure secretes a hormone which causes increased production of glycogen?

A. WB. XC. YD.Z

Enzyme pH

bile acidic

pepsin basic

trypsin basic

nuclease acidic

X

W

Y

Page 14 Biology 12 – 0708 Form

1. (4 marks)

Compare the chemical composition of the contents of the stomach one hour after eating a meal containing proteins, carbohydrates and fats, to the contents of the small intestine several hours later.

2.