Microsoft windows

TOPIC

Course : NETWORK ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BYPRESENTED BY

Iqra Munir.Mehak Nawaz.Aneela Waheed.Ali Rashid.Atif Hussain.Hassan Safeer.

Presented to:Prof. Jahanzaib Ismat Malhi (JIM)

& Mates.

Company /developer Microsoft

Written in C, C++, and Assembly language

Working state Current

Source model Closed source / Shared source

Initial release July 27, 1993 (as Windows NT 3.1)

Latest release 6.3.9600 (October 17, 2013)

Update method Windows Update, Windows Server Update Services

Supported platforms IA-32, x86-64, DEC Alpha, MIPS, PowerPC, ARM, Itanium

Kernel type Hybrid

Default user interface Graphical (Windows shell)

License

Depending on version, edition or customer choice: Trialware, commercial software, volume licensing, OEM-only, SaaS, S+S

Official website www.microsoft.com/windows/

Windows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released in July 1993.

It is a high-level-language-based, processor-independent, multiprocessing, multi-user operating system.

NT was the first fully 32-bit version of Windows, whereas its consumer-oriented counterparts, Windows 3.1x and Windows 9x, were 16-bit/32-bit hybrids. Windows NT 3.1 was the first

version of Windows to utilize 32-bit "flat" virtual memory addressing on 32-bit processors. Its companion product,

Windows 3.1, used segmented addressing and switches from 16-bit to 32-bit addressing in pages.

INTRO…INTRO…

WINDOWS NT MODELS

• Layered Model• Client/Server Model• Object Model• Symmetric Multiprocessing• Asymmetric Multiprocessing

ApplicationProgram

ApplicationProgram

System Services

File System

Memory and I/O Device Management

Processor Scheduling

Hardware

User Mode

Kernel Mode

LAYERED MODEL

CLIENT/SERVER MODEL

MemoryServer

ClientApplication

NetworkServer

ProcessServer

FileServer

Display Server

kernel

HardwareSend

Reply

CLIENT/SERVER STRUCTURE

Win32Client

OS/2Client

POSIXClient

Win32Subsystem

OS/2Subsystem

POSIXSubsystem

Executive

Hardware

Kernel

SYMMETRIC MULTIPROCESSING

Memory

OperatingSystem

UserThread

UserThread

UserThread

UserThread

OperatingSystem

I/O Devices(Monitor,Mouse,Keyboard)

Processor A Processor B

ASYMMETRIC MULTIPROCESSING

Memory

OperatingSystem

UserThread

UserThread

I/O Devices(Monitor,Mouse,Keyboard)

Processor A Processor B

UserThread

WINDOWS NT DIVERSITY

•Windows NT Server.•Windows NT Workstations.

ServerPerformance

256 InboundSessions

Fault ToleranceSupport

InternetInformation Server

Powered byMicrosoft

BackOffice

Windows NTDirectory Services

AccountsAccounts Resources

Resources

MacintoshClient Support

Windows NTServer

Windows NTServer

AdditionalNetwork Services

Administrative Wizards

Windows NTWorkstation

WindowsMessagingInternet

ExplorerMicrosoft InternetExplorerF

RE

E

HardwareProfiles

?

DesktopPerformance

Peer Web Services

Security

Operating SystemStability

COMMON FEATURESCOMMON FEATURES

Multiple Platforms

Multitasking and Multithreading Operations

Security

Multiple Platforms

Multitasking and Multithreading Operations

Security

DIFFERENCESDIFFERENCES

Windows NT WorkstationWindows NT Workstation Windows NT ServerWindows NT Server

Multitasking Desktop Operating System

Multitasking Desktop Operating System

Network ServerOperating System

Network ServerOperating System

WINDOWS NT STRUCTURE

• Protected Subsystems• NT Executive

PROTECTED SUBSYSTEM

• Environment subsystem• Integral subsystem

APPLICATION COMPATIBILITY

•16-bit Windows•32-bit Windows•OS/2•POSIX•TCP/IP•Data Link Control

Version Marketing name Editions Release dateBuild

number

3.1 Windows NT 3.1Workstation (named just Windows NT), Advanced Server

July 27, 1993 528

3.5 Windows NT 3.5 Workstation, ServerSeptember 21, 1994

807

3.51 Windows NT 3.51 Workstation, Server May 30, 1995 1057

4.0 Windows NT 4.0

Workstation, Server, Server Enterprise Edition, Terminal Server, Embedded

July 29, 1996 1381

5.0 Windows 2000

Professional, Server, Advanced Server

February 17, 2000

2195

Datacenter ServerSeptember 26, 2000

NT RELEASES

5.1

Windows XP

Home, Professional, Media Center (original, 2003, 2004 & 2005), Tablet PC (original and 2005), Starter, Embedded, Home N, Professional N

October 25, 2001

2600

Windows Fundamentals for Legacy PCs

N/A July 8, 2006

5.2

Windows XP64-bit Edition Version 2003

March 28, 2003

3790

Windows Server 2003

Business Server, Compute Cluster

April 24, 2003

Windows XP Professional x64 Edition

April 25, 2005

Windows Server 2003 R2

Standard, Enterprise,, Compute Cluster

December 6, 2005

Windows Home Server

N/A July 16, 2007

Version Marketing name Editions Release dateBuild

number

CONT…

6.0

Windows Vista

Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Business, Enterprise, Ultimate, Home Basic N, Business N

Business: November 30, 2006

Consumer: January 30, 2007

6000 (RTM)

6001 (SP1)

6002 (SP2)

Windows Server 2008

Foundation, Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, Web Server, HPC Server, Itanium-Based Systems

February 27, 2008

6001 (RTM)

6002 (SP2)

6.1

Windows 7Starter, Home Basic, Home Premium, Professional, Enterprise, Ultimate

October 22, 2009

7600 (RTM)

7601 (SP1)

Windows Server 2008 R2

Foundation, Standard, Enterprise, Datacenter, Web Server, HPC Server, Itanium-Based Systems

October 22, 2009

7600 (RTM)

7601 (SP1)

Windows Home Server 2011

N/A April 6, 20117600 (RTM)

Version Marketing name Editions Release dateBuild

number

CONT…

6.2Windows 8

Windows 8, Windows 8 Pro, Windows 8 Enterprise, Windows RT

October 26, 2012

9200

Windows Server 2012Foundation, Essentials, Standard, Datacenter

September 4, 2012

9200

6.3windows 8.1

Windows 8.1, Windows 8.1 Pro, Windows 8.1 Enterprise, Windows RT 8.1

October 18, 2013

9600

Windows Server 2012 R2

Foundation, Essentials, Standard, Datacenter

October 18, 2013

9600

Version Marketing name Editions Release dateBuild

number

CONT…

MAIN FEATURES

• Extensibility• Portability• Reliability• Compatibility

WHY WINDOWS NT WAS DESIGNED ?

A main design goal of NT was hardware and software portability. Microsoft decided to create a portable operating

system, compatible with OS/2, POSIX and supporting multiprocessing.

WHY WINDOWS NT FAILS ?

•When you start a computer running Windows, the boot process may not succeed, if the Ntdetect.com file is missing or damaged and you may receive the following error message: NTDetect Failed

•If a problem occurs after selecting Windows NT from the boot loader screen, files that are needed by the operating system might be missing or corrupt.

•If you have installed new hardware or new drivers, they could be causing the problem.

•The computer hangs immediately after the Power On Self Test (POST).•You do not see the boot loader screen. •Missing operating system. •A disk read error occurred. •Insert a system diskette and restart the system.  •Invalid partition table. •Hard Disk Error. •Hard Disk Absent/Failed. •The Master Boot Record is corrupt. •The Partition Boot Sector is corrupt. •The Boot.ini file is missing•The Windows NT boot loader, NTLDR, is missing or corrupt•Hardware has malfunctioned. 

WHY WINDOWS NT FAILS ?

CONCLUSION

Windows NT is a symmetric multiprocessing operating system which support multiple operating system

environments. It has a Windows graphical user interface and runs Win32, 16-bit Windows, MS-DOS, POSIX, and OS/2 program. It employs advanced operating system principles

such as virtual memory, preemptive multitasking, structured exception handling, and operating system objects. It is

secure, powerful, reliable, and flexible.