Micro organisms

INDTRODUCTION OF MICRO-INDTRODUCTION OF MICRO-ORGANISMSORGANISMS

TYPE OF TYPE OF MICRO-MICRO-ORGANISMSORGANISMS

WHERE DO WHERE DO THEY LIVE?THEY LIVE?

COMMERCIACOMMERCIAL USE L USE

HARMFULHARMFUL

PREVENTIONPREVENTION

TYPES OF MICRO-ORGANISMS

Fungi

1. Fungi (mushroom, molds, and yeasts) have eukaryotic cells (with a true nucleus). Most fungi are multicultural.2. Fungi obtain nutrients by absorbing organic material from their environment.

Protozoa 1. Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes.

2. Protozoa obtain nourishment by absorption or ingestion through specialized structures.

Algae 1. Algae are unicellular or multicellular eukaryotes

that obtain nourishment by photosynthesis.2. Algae produce oxygen and carbohydrates used by other organisms.

Viruses 1. Viruses are noncellular entities that are parasites

of cells.2. Viruses consist of a nucleic acid core (DNA or RNA) surrounded by a protein coat.

WHERE DO THEY LIVE?WHERE DO THEY LIVE?

Microorganisms live Microorganisms live everywhere. There is not everywhere. There is not one place on earth that one place on earth that does not have bacteria does not have bacteria or some other one-celled or some other one-celled organism living there. organism living there. There have even been There have even been meteors and evidence meteors and evidence from Mars with evidence from Mars with evidence that bacteria once lived that bacteria once lived in the rocks. in the rocks.

COMMERCIAL USE

Use of Microbes in Industry and Agriculture - The use of micro organisms for large scale industrial processes is not new, although it has assumed renewed emphasis in recent years. Centuries ago, people in Asia and Africa learned to make wine, beer, vinegar and saki with bacteria and yeast, without knowing the scientific basis of such productions.

HARMFUL

Typically, we can tolerate microorganisms, depending on the type. We have quite a few different bugs in our intestine, on our skin and in our mouths, and for the most part they do no significant harm. However, many bacteria and fungi grow a colony on a food source and produce a toxin to prevent other microorganisms from growing.

PREVENTIONPREVENTION The body itself produces many The body itself produces many

chemicals that prevent growth of chemicals that prevent growth of foreign microbial populations. foreign microbial populations. Perspiration , tears . saliva , Perspiration , tears . saliva , lysozyme that digests bacterial lysozyme that digests bacterial cells walls , there by causing the cells walls , there by causing the bacteria to burst from excessive bacteria to burst from excessive in take of water. Oil gland and in take of water. Oil gland and sweat glands secret fluids with a sweat glands secret fluids with a ph of between 3 and 5 to create ph of between 3 and 5 to create an environment that interferes an environment that interferes the most bacterial activity . the the most bacterial activity . the membranes lining the membranes lining the respiratory , digestive, urinary respiratory , digestive, urinary and genital tracts are covered and genital tracts are covered with hair like projections and a with hair like projections and a layer of sticky fluid that worked layer of sticky fluid that worked together to trap microbes and together to trap microbes and move them out of the body. The move them out of the body. The stomach and vagina are so acidic stomach and vagina are so acidic that few microbes can pass that few microbes can pass through these areas.through these areas.