The Neurobiology of Trauma: Ripple Effects through Individuals, Generations, and Society Michelle Bosquet Enlow, PhD Assistant in Psychology, Department of Psychiatry Boston Children’s Hospital Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School
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Michelle Bosquet Enlow, The Neurobiology of Trauma: Ripple Effects through Individuals, Generations, and Society
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The Neurobiology of Trauma: Ripple Effects through Individuals,
Generations, and Society Michelle Bosquet Enlow, PhD
Assistant in Psychology, Department of Psychiatry Boston Children’s Hospital
Assistant Professor, Department of Psychiatry Harvard Medical School
Terminology • Stress • Trauma
Exposure to actual or threatened (a) death, (b) serious injury or (c) sexual violation
Direct exposure
Witness event in person Learn event occurred to close family/friend Experience repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of event
*Center on the Developing Child, Harvard University *DSM-5
Race/Ethnicity & Exposure Effects Differential Effects of Exposure • Hypotheses
– Increased exposure to adversity – Ongoing discrimination stress – Reduced access to buffering resources – Different cultural style for coping – Differences in underlying physiology
• Mechanisms?
• More research needed!
Intergenerational Effects
Intergenerational Effects: Pregnancy • Vulnerability period