The reuse of laundry machine wastewater Michela Saracino CNR - ISOF Coffee Talk, 22 January 2013, Bologna
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The reuse of laundry machine wastewater
Michela Saracino CNR - ISOF
Coffee Talk, 22 January 2013, Bologna
Education
October 2009: Degree in Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Bologna
January 2013: PhD student in Chemistry, University di Bologna, Department of Industrial Chemistry
Work experience
Nov 2010 – on going: research grant
Project of Industrial Innovation “Efficienza Energetica” Industria 2015, Energy & Appliances 2015
•
•
•
PROJECT
Energy & Appliances 2015
http://www.energyappliances2015.it
Water quality control
1
2
3
4
SURFACTANTS
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate
Triton X-100 Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide
AMPHOTERICS
CATIONICS
ANIONICS
NON IONICS
ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES (AOPs)
HO•
Ultrasounds
e-beam, γ rays
Photocatalysis (UV/TiO2)
UV / H2O2 pollutant
UV / O3
non thermal plasma
• Photochemical reactor: Rayonet RPR-100 16 UVC lamps (Sylvania, 8W, 254nm) • Quartz glass tube: 250 mL of solution (20 mg/L) • AOP treatment: UV+TiO2 TiO2:VP AEROPERL P25/20 Evonik(0,01% p/v) • Pure air
• Cooling system
• Treatment time: 30, 60, 90, 120, 240 minutes
Analysis • Total Organic Carbon ,TOC (LCK 385, Hach Lange kit)
• HPLC (Agilent 1260)
UVC lamps
Photochemical reactor
Degradation of surfactant solutions
Experimental set-up
Anionic surfactant + UV + TiO2
HPLC trace with fluorescence detection
TOC trend time 0
after 30 min. SDBS <10%
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
<3 mg/L<3 mg/L
-77.6%
-48.8%
-11.4%
14.0 mg/L
TO
C (
mg C
/L)
Time (min.)
Sodium Dodecylbenzenesulfonate
(SDBS)
Non ionic surfactant + UV + TiO2
TOC trend
HPLC trace with fluorescence detection
time 0
after 30 min. Triton <10%
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
< 3 mg/L< 3 mg/L
-51.5%
-27.5%
11.6 mg/L
TO
C (
mg C
/L)
Time (min.)
Triton X-100
Cationic surfactant + UV + TiO2
TOC trend
after 30 min. HTAB <10%
time 0
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270
4
6
8
10
12
14
-70.7%
-47.7%
-33.8%
-33.1%
-7.5%
13.3 mg/L
TO
C (
mg C
/L)
Time (min.)
Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (HTAB)
HPLC trace with Corona detector
Technological transfer: advanced oxidation processes on laundry machine wasterwater
Washing cycle: - washing phase ~ 15 L
- 1 rinse ~ 20 L
- 2 rinse ~ 20 L
Advanced oxidation treatment
st
nd
Laundry machine tests - treatment prototype
2 serial tubes (ø = 8cm, l = 70cm), including 2 UVC lamps (Hg low pressure, 254nm, 39 W)
• Laundry machine test legislation
Analysis
• Surfactant concentrations (LCK 332, LCK 333 Hach Lange kits) • TOC (LCK 385 Hach Lange kit)
cotton strips including “standard dirt”
• AOP treatment (UV + H2O2 10 mM)
• Photophysical treatment (UV) • 10 L of laundry machine wastewater • Treatment time: 1, 2, 4 hours
Degradation of laundry machine wasterwater
Experimental set-up
2° rinse water treatments: UV vs UV + H2O2
0 60 120 180 240-70
-60
-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
10
20
30 2°rinse water + UV
2°rinse water + UV +H2O
2
TO
C (
mg
C/L
)
Time (min.)
0 60 120 180 240
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
20
Anio
nic
s (
mg/L
)
Time (min.)
2°rinse water + UV
2°rinse water + UV +H2O
2
0 60 120 180 240
-100
-80
-60
-40
-20
0
2°rinse water + UV
2°rinse water + UV +H2O
2
No
n I
on
ics (
mg
/L)
Time (min.)
Washing water
Dirt
supply net water
(reference data)
2nd rinse water treated by UV+H2O2
2nd rinse water treated by UV+H2O2
drop-wise
white 80.5 ± 0.6 75.3 ± 1.1 78.0 ± 0.9
sebum 60.8 ± 0.6 59.2 ± 0.8 59.5 ± 1.0
coal & oil 35.7 ± 0.8 33.4 ± 1.7 34.5 ± 1.3
blood 37.3 ± 1.0 34.5 ± 1.1 37.0 ± 1.2
milk & chocolate 41.6 ± 0.5 41.2 ± 1.5 40.3 ± 1.0
red wine 50.4 ± 0.8 46.0 ± 1.3 49.5 ± 2.4
Total 225.8 ± 1.7 A 214.3 ± 2.9 B 220.8 ± 3.3 C
Washing cycles with treated water
• Treatment of 2 rinse water (20L)
using UV + H2O2 (3 hours)
• Reuse of treated water for a new washing cycle
Effectiveness of the new washing cycle: refletance values of the cotton strips
Delta A-B = 11.5 Delta A-C = 5
nd
Conclusions
The photocatalytic process (where TiO2 remains stable during the reaction)
would be the ideal solution to be included in the new laundry.
Advanced Oxidation Processes proved to be effective in degradation of surfactants and in TOC reduction
Laundry machine wastewater tests
Effective degradation of surfactants and TOC reduction using UV + H2O2
…but H2O2 costs…
Perspectives
Development of a photocatalyst supported on solid material To scale the best solution inside the new-eco compatible laundry
Acknowledgments ISOF-CNR
Alberto Zanelli Salvatore Silvano Emmi Luca Pretali Biagio Esposito Maria Luisa Navacchia
Massimo Capobianco
UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA, DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL CHEMISTRY
Fabrizio Passarini
INDESIT COMPANY
Annalisa Ciarletta Alessandra Papetti Nicola Colucci Mauro Mancini Cinzia Felice Marco Peduto
THANK YOU!
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