MICE challenges organization global funding situation

1MICE collaboration meeting Alain Blondel 26-29 June 2005

MICE challenges organization

global funding situation


Why MICE?

Based on Muon collider ideas and development (Palmer et al, 92->), the Neutrino Factory concept (Geer, 1998) resonated in 1998 with the final demonstration of Atmospheric Neutrino Oscillations by the SuperK Collaboration.

International workshops:NUFACT 99 (Lyon, France)NUFACT 00 (Montery, California) NUFACT 01 (Tsukuba, Japan)NUFACT 02 (London, UK)NUFACT 03 (Columbia,NY,USA)NUFACT 04 (Osaka, Japan)NUFACT 05 (Frascati,Italy)

Neutrino Factoryis the ultimate tool for study of Neutrino Oscillations-- unique source of high energy e

--reach/sensitivity better by order(s) of magnitude wrt other techniques (e.g. super-beams) for

** matter effects **

*** leptonic CP violation ***

**** e and ****

NB : leptonic CP violation is a key ingredient in the leading explanations for the mystery of the baryon-antibaryon asymmetry in our universe

e+ e

_


~NOvA +PD


Particle physicist: Q: Can a Neutrino Factory be built?

Accelerator physisicst: A: YES! (US Study II, CERN)

but… it is expensive, and many ingredients have never been demonstrated!

R&D is needed. (est. 5yrs) to 1. ascertain performance2. reduce costs

among critical items:

***Target***

*** COOLING ***

Cooling component development programme+ ‘blast test’: MUCOOL collabration (US-Japan-UK)

*** Acceleration ***


IONIZATION COOLING

principle:

this will surely work..!

reality (simplified)

….maybe…

Difficulty: affordable prototype of cooling section only cools beam by 10%, while standard emittance measurements barely achieve this precision.Solution: measure the beam particle-by-particle

A delicate technology and integration problem Need to build a realistic prototype and verify that it works (i.e. cools a beam)Difficulties lay in particular in operating RF cavities in Mag. Field, interface with SC magnets and LH2 absorbers What performance can one get?

state-of-the-art particle physics instrumentation will test state-of-the-art accelerator technology.

RF Noise!!


Incoming muon beam

VariableDiffuser

Beam PIDTOF 0

CherenkovTOF 1

Trackers 1 & 2 measurement of emittance in and out

Liquid Hydrogen absorbers 1,2,3

Downstreamparticle ID:

TOF 2 Cherenkov

Calorimeter

RF cavities 1 RF cavities 2

Spectrometer solenoid 1

Matching coils 1&2

Focus coils 1 Spectrometer solenoid 2

Coupling Coils 1&2

Focus coils 2 Focus coils 3Matching coils 1&2

10% cooling of 200 MeV/c muons requires ~ 20 MV of RF single particle measurements =>

measurement precision can be as good as out/ in ) = 10-3

never done before either…


201 MHz RF cavity with beryllium windowsLiquid-hydrogen

absorbersScintillating-fiber tracker

Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

Status: Approved at RAL(UK)First beam: 04-2007

Funded in: UK,CH,JP,NL,USFurther requests: CH,It,JP,UK

Single-beam ~200 MeV/c

4T spectrometer I

4T spectrometer II

TOF

Cooling cell (~10%)=5-45cm, liquid H2, RF

Final PID:TOFCherenkovCalorimeter

Aims: demonstrate feasibility and performance of a section of cooling channel

Main challenges:RF in magnetic field!10-3 meas. of emittanceSafety issues

Some prototyping:


Challenges of MICE: (these things have never been done before)

1. Operate RF cavities of relatively low frequency (200 MHz) at high gradient (16 MV/m) in highly inhomogeneous magnetic fields (1-3 T)

dark currents (can heat up LH2), breakdowns

2. Hydrogen safety (substantial amounts of LH2 in vicinity of RF cavities)

3. Emittance measurement to relative precision of 10-3 in environment of RF bkg

requires low mass and precise tracker low multiple scattering redundancy to fight dark-current-induced background excellent immunity to RF noise complete set of PID detectors

And…

4. Obtaining funding for R&D towards a facility that is not (yet) in the plans of a major lab


encouraging signs from CERN…

(fixed target committee)

17 December 2004 Council Meeting, J.Feltesse 13

Recommendations

• CERN should make every reasonable effort to deliverthe approved p.o.t. to CNGS.

• Future neutrino facilities offer great promise for fundamental discoveries. CERN should join the worldeffort in developing technologies for new facilities : Betabeams, Neutrino Factory…wherever they are sited.

• Focus now on enabling CERN to do the best choice by 2010 on future physics programme.

• Explore further synergies with EURISOL

SPC CERN’s Scientific Policy Committee


From RAL:

Letter to Ken Long (spokesperson of UKNF Collaboration) to initiate the ‘scoping study’


NUFACT002000-2001

NUFACT01 7:30 am Sept. 2001November 2001 January 2002 June 2002 January 2003 July 2003October 2003

December 2003 June 2004 20 December 2004

March 2005

April 2005

Re-activated the recognized need for muon cooling expt Workshops on Muon Cooling Experiment

(CERN, Chicago, London) Steering group formed Workshop at CERN where final experiment took shape. Letter of Intent (LOI) submitted to PSI and RALPSI cannot host experiment, will collaborate (beam solenoid)RAL IPRP Review Panel encouraged submission of a proposalProposal submitted Recommendation by International Peer Review Panel‘Scientific approval’ letter by RAL CEO JohnWoodProject Manager appointed (P. Drumm, RAL)RAL CM: collaboration charter approvedGateway 1 review Gateway 1 passed on ‘amber’Gateway 2/3 passed 10 green + 4 amber (MICE PHASE I)

Release of UK phase I funding approved by PPARC and CCLRC 9.7 M£US Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaboration proposes a 5-year plan to fund MICE

MICE is an international effort from the start.


- STEP I:

April 2007

STEP II: October 2007

STEP III: 2008

STEP IV: 2008

STEP V2008?

STEP VI aim: 2009aim: 2009

implementation in steps

physics-based: understanding of

systematics

all configurations successfully

matched optically

PHASE I

PHASE II


The MICE collaboration

(slides to be added for organization and charter)

MICE collaboration meeting Alain Blondel 26-29 June 2005 14

Universite Catholique de Louvain, Belgium

University of Sofia, Bulgaria

INFN Bari, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, INFN Genova, INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, INFN Milano, INFN Napoli, INFN Padova, INFN Roma III, INFN Trieste, Italy

KEK, Osaka University, Japan

NIKHEF, The Netherlands

CERN

Geneva University, Paul Scherrer Institut Switzerland

Brunel University Edinburgh Glasgow Liverpool ICL London Oxford Darsbury RAL Sheffield UK Argonne National Laboratory. Brookhaven National Laboratory, Fairfield University, University of Chicago, Enrico Fermi Institute, Fermilab, Illinois Institute of Technology, Jefferson Lab, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, UCLA, Northern Illinois University, University of Iowa, University of Mississippi, UC Riverside, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign USA

THE MICE COLLABORATION140 collaborators


The specificities of MICE:

MICE is a collaboration of accelerator physicists and particle physics experimenters

MICE is international

Hardware responsibilities equate committment to provide specific items

There exist collaborations for specific items: ex: Tracker is a collaboration between UK, US, Japan absorbers are a US-Japan collaboration

There are no collaboration-wide shared expenses as could be found in large experimental collaborations There exist no common fund or author tax at this point.

Very few MOU’s have been signed so far -- RF sources from Berkeley -- PSI solenoid

The software, analysis etc… are freely shared items.


Internal MICE Organization

MICE charter voted in 2004.

Collaboration board 1 rep/instituteelects spokespersonreviews EB activityvotes on decisions prepared by EB chair: Dan Kaplan IIT

Executive Board 12spokesperson(A.B)deputyProject manager software coord.analysis coord.2 reps from UK,US,EU,JPmanages collaboration lifenominates personnelprepares decisions for CB

Technical Board 12Project manager(Paul Drumm)management of the projectreports to EB

+spokesperson+deputy+software coord.+level 2 WBS coordinators

enforces design and safety reviewschange controldocuments exp.designEditorial board

Speakers bureau

Analysis forumcontrols quality of publicationsproposes publication policy

solicits talks at conferences and proposes speakers

discusses how to achieve the physics goals of the experiment

numbers of meetings per year

3

~3~3

12

3 collaboration meetings/yr1 video conf/month


External MICE organization

MICE collaboration

CCLRC MICE Project Board

MICE Funding Agencies Committee

MICE stakeholders Boardmanages issues

concerning hostlab. and itsrelations with the collaboration

Today is the first MICE Funding Agency Committeethis constitutes an important step in our development.

We expect to report regularly and would like to make sure that data are reported in the right format.


The MICE partners: I. UK

MICE-UK (Spokesperson Ken Long, ICL) is composed of the following institutions

CCLRC Rutherford Appleton LaboratoryCCLRC Daresbury LaboratoryUniversity groups:Brunel, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Imperial College London, Liverpool, Oxford,Sheffield

The UK groups have been extremely successful at promoting the Neutrino Factory in the UK. (NUFACT02, UKNF collaboration, etc…) They obtained a grant of 7.5 M£ from the Office of Science and Technology.

Contributions Host experiment, provide project management (Paul Drumm, RAL)for phase I: Infrastructure: target, beam line, experimental hall, supports, controls, control room, etc… R&D to assemble RF power sourcesR&D towards liquid hydrogen infrastructure and storage system Tracker (in collaboration with US and Japan)

for phase II: Focus coils (in absorber module) Completion of RF sources and liquid hydrogen system and remaining infrastructure


The MICE partners: I. UK

MICE UK has been fully funded for phase I: 9.7M£ OST grant + PPARC

Funding for phase II (3.3 M£) will need to be placed in 2006.

Additional project envisaged: construction of one prototype RF cavity in collaboration between industrial partners CCLRC and university groupsIndependent funding opportunity exists.


The MICE partners: II. US

US: The Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider Collaborationfounded in 1998

spokespersons: S. Geer, R.B.Palmer Project Manager: Mike Zisman (also deputy spokesperson of MICE) partners: BNL, Fermilab, LBNL + university groups.

NFMCC has pioneered the concept of MICE and developed, through the MUCOOL program, the critical components. The MICE cooling cell is an improved version of the cooling cell used in « study II ».

The critical remaining R&D consists in tests of 201 MHz RF cavity in magnetic fields to understand whether the needed RF fields can be reached or what needs to be done to reach them. RF cavity no. 1 is built and arrived at FNAL early september 05, for testing. Initially the tests can be done in the stray field of another magnet, but the real magnet (‘coupling coil’) will be needed for a definitive test.


The MICE partners: II. US (Ctd)

The NFMCC is funded at the level of 3.6 M$/ year by DOEin addition it received for MICE specifically: -- an NSF grant of 100k$ a year for the first three years -- an MRI grant of 750k$ from NSF

this has to cover -- the personnel for studies and engineering and tests-- travel and other consummables-- the hardware construction for MUCOOL, MICE and the recently approved target experiment at CERN ( nTOF11 a.k.a. MERIT)


The collaboration has proposed the following budget for MICE and MUCOOL:

This will cover the following hardware contributions to MICE– 2 spectrometer solenoids– 2 RFCC modules (1 for step 5, 2 for step 6) – 1 Cherenkov detector (upstream)– a portion of tracker detector (electronics)– 6 absorber windows (plus spares) Hardware cost of these items for step 5 is 3.9M$, for step 6 is 5.3M$The funding profile pushes step 3 to oct. 2008 and delays MUCOOL

solutions to be found: cash advance from RAL (under investigation) provision of coupling coil/RF cavities from other collaborators

The MICE partners: II. US (Ctd)


Osaka UniversityKEK

Responsibilities in MICE

Liquid H2 absorbers (R&D and MICE absorbers) Fiber tracker (R&D, fibers)

hosted the fiber tracker beam test.

funding: Japan-US collaboration (100k$ per year)

grant request for future neutrino beams is being prepared (together with HyperKamiokande R&D) for phase II about 100 OkuYens (~1M$) to be submitted in November 2005.

The Japanese team have been remarkably reliable collaborators in MUCOOL and MICE. Osaka has also a project PRISM for preparation of a monochromatic muon beam using an FFAG.

The MICE partners: III. Japan


The MICE partners: IV. Switzerland

PSI: PSI provides a (used) beam solenoid. The cost of a new one would be estimated at ~3MCHF.The solenoid has been prepared and is ready to leave PSI.

Crygenics did not come with it and have to be provided by RAL (UK phase I)

Geneva University: dedicated funding request was refused in 2004. Rolling grant is approved ~80 kCHF/Yr for hardware and consummablesfunding for 1 PhD student and one postdoc is granted.

Responsibility: data acquisition, trigger. There is a possibility that a coupling coil could be built in Switzerland, a bid being prepared for 1MCHF/3 years. If successful this would bring the MUCOOL or MICE coupling coil earlier in time.

Bulgarian collaboration: Swiss National Foundation has granted a Institutional Partnership and Joint Research project with Sofia University. Several Bulgarian researchers. Will contribute to TOF and trigger.


The MICE partners: V. Italy

Initially a large group of experimenters from the HARP collaboration + an accelerator group from Frascati+ an engineering group from Genoa

was hoping to bid for the spectrometer solenoids (and contributed substantially to the design) but this was discouraged by INFN

R&D and design work for the solenoids, the time of flight and calorimeter were nevertheless carried out.

Bid was submitted in July 2005 for detectors (Time-of-Flight and calorimeter) for about 1M€.

This is the main missing component of phase I.

Hope is that this first step will be followed by further participation from accelerator physicists in Italy.


The MICE partners: VI. NIKHEF

Amsterdam, Nijmegen

will contribute the magnetic sensors to the experiment. + 1 PhD student.

The MICE partners: VI. Louvain

G. Gregoire has participated actively in MICE and performed the design of the downstream Cherenkov. (value 250 k€, the phototubes would be donated by the Trieste group from the CHOOZ experiment)GG has now retired and it is not clear that the group will be able to continue.

We are investigating the effect of having no Cherenkov on the performance of the downstream particle identification system


The MICE partners: VII. CERN

The present form of MICE was largely conceived by the CERN group. Following budget cuts end 2001 the contribution of CERN was reduced to the following:

CERN has earmarked used RF material able to assemble 2RF power sources providing 2MW each (this is enough to power one of the RF modules). This will remain the property of CERN.

a request has been placed to the CERN AB-head for refurbishing this equipement (cost: 170 kCHF)

MICE is CERN recognized experiment RE11.

zisman

What does this statement mean? I do not think this is correct.


at this point MICE (PhaseI) is an approved and funded project in 5 countries

-- UK: 9.7M£

-- USA: funding from the NFMCC +RF source + NSF grant 300k$ + MRI grant 750k$. The NFMCC budget plan for spectrometer solenoids, tracker electronics and RFCC modules. -- Japan: US-Japan ~$100k/yr, UK-Japan (travel funds) (+ 1M$ requested)

-- Switzerland: PSI solenoid + Uni-Geneva-NSwissF (80KCHF/yr)+ 1 PDA+1PhDS -- Netherlands: Mag probes (in production!) + 1 PhDS

+ Proposal submitted in Italy (TOF, Calorimeter)

Summary:


Conclusions:

1. the MICE experiment is scientifically approved and recognized internationallyit has a structure and a charter.

2. the collaboration is making excellent progress in all fronts:simulationsR&Dengineering prototypingconstruction

3. the funding for phase I is largely complete and will be essentially completeif the INFN bid succeeds-- only Cherenkov II would remain a question.

4. the funding for phase II is being prepared. We have a baseline solution for MICE up to step V and we are working to assure that step VI can be performed in good time for the decision making year 2010

MICE challenges organization global funding situation

Documents

challenges of mice

mice collaborationslides

muon collider collaboration

rf cavity

step v2008

muon cooling experiment

environment of rf bkg

vicinity of rf cavities3