MGT Function- Planning

UNIT -11 MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

UNIT -11MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONSMANAGEMENT FUNCTION

Koontz and ODonnell classify Mgt. Function on the followingPLANNINGORGANIZINGSTAFFINGDIRECTINGCONTROLLING

1Management functionsLuther Gluick provides a term called POSDCORBPlanningOrganizingStaffingDirectingCoordinatingBudgeting

2Management functionsJ.l Massie classifies management intoPlanning Decision makingOrganizingStaffingControllingDirecting

3Unit 2 syllabusPlanning OrganizingStaffingLeadingcontrolling4PlanningNature and purposeObjectivesStrategiesPolicies and planning premisesDecision making5OrganizingNature and purposeDepartmentalizationLine and staff functionDecentralizationOrganizational culture6StaffingSelection and trainingPlacement Performance appraisalCarrier strategyOrganizational development7Leading

Managing human factorLeadershipcommunication8ControllingProcess of controllingControlling techniquesProductivity and operation managementPreventive controlIndustrial safty9PlanningNature and purposeObjectivesStrategiesPolicies and planning premisesDecision making

10 I- PlanningPlanning is the most basic of all management functionPlanning is the process of selecting objectives and determining the course of action required to achieve these objectivesPlanning is looking aheadPlanning is getting ready to do something tomorrow11Planning - definitionPlanning is deciding in advance what to do, how to do it, when to do it, who is to do it. The selection among alternatives of future course of action for the enterprise as a whole and each department within it . Plan involves selecting enterprise objectives and determining ways of achieving them. koontz and ODonnell12NATURE OF PLANNINGPlanning is goal orientedPlanning has a reference to futurePlanning is the primary functions of managementPlanning involves choicePlanning is a mental exercisePlanning is continuousPlanning is actionablePlanning is flexiblePlanning is integrated system13Purpose / objective of planningIt helps to achieve objectivesIt guides decision making processIt helps a sense of direction to actionIt facilitates co-ordinationIt helps to face the future with confidence

14STRUCTURE OF PLANNINGBasic PlanningMission - Fundamental purpose of an enterprise (University- imparting high level education)ObjectivesStrategiesTactics

Aides of planningPoliciesRulesProcedures Methods

15MissionThis is the reason for existence of any Organisation.Fundamental purpose of an enterprise Ex. University- imparting high level education16ObjectivesObjectives are the aims, purpose or goals that an organization want to achieve over varying periods.These are short term or long term goals set to fulfill the mission set for an Organisation

They should be SMART. (That is Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant and Timely).17Hierarchy of objectiveSocio-economic purposeMission of organisationOverall objectives of organisationObjectives in key result areasDivision objectivesDepartmental objectivesUnit- sectional objectivesIndividual objectives18Objective- SMARTSpecific- no ambiguity in the objectiveMeasurable- it should by measured Achievable- Relevant-Timely-19StrategyIt is the step by step approach taken to achieve the goals/ objectives.

Strategy is one of those words that has as many different meanings as there are strategists, Strategy includes the high-level decisions that shape what is done and how it is done20Example for strategy Selection of markets and market segments to target. Decisions on where the organisation will be geographically located. Decisions on what products and services to offer. Overall approach to competition, for example on cost or quality. Make or buy decisions, including what to outsource.

21TacticsTactical planning takes strategic decisions and figures out how to implement them in practice(How strategies are put into action). Recruitment of graduate engineers from universities.

22strategy vs TacticsStrategy is the basic plan chosen to achieve objectives while tactics is the means of implementing the plan23Aides of planningPolicies Statement of guidance and instructionsRules- Statement of action asking sub-ordinate to behave in a particular wayProcedures Specifies the manner handling the activityMethods- M. is the best planned way of performing one step of procedure

24NATURE OF POLICIESPolicy is a broad statement formulated to provide guidance in decision making

25Planning ProcessDefining the problemFormulate objectives- Objectives must be specific and functionalEstablishing planning premises-Mgt. has to take decision based on certain assumptions about future Determining alternative course of actionEvaluating the alternative course of actionSelect best alternativeMaking derivative plans ( Secondary or supporting plans)ImplementationFollow-up action

26Decision makingDecision is a choice from among a set of alternatives. The word 'decision' is derived from the Latin words de ciso which means 'a cutting away or a cutting off or in a practical sense' to come to a conclusion. Decisions are made to achieve goals through suitable follow-up actions. Decision-making is a process by which a decision (course of action) is taken.27