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Slide 1
Mexico
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Spanish Conquest Conquistadors conquerors Hernn Corts Arrived
in 1519 approx 600 soldiers Aztecs Montezuma 250,000 + just in the
capital Advanced cities / warring nation
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How were the Spanish able to conquer that many Aztecs in such a
short period of time with so few Spaniards?
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Quetzalcoatl light skin, red hair, and light eyes Would come to
earth during the end times Would come by way of the sea
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Spanish superiority Weapons made of iron Metal armor Cannons
Ships Horses Disease Captives from the Caribbean and neighboring
tribes
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Tenochtitlan
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Spanish Conquest Complete Conquered Aztecs in 1521 Destroys
Tenochtitlan Current site of Mexico City Encomienda System was
created Haciendas Farms owned by conquistadors and worked by
Indians.
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Early Social Organization Peninsulares From Spain and moved to
the Americas Criollos Spanish ancestry born in Americas Mestizos
Mixed blood Indians
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Social Classes Most people are Mestizos. They are poor and
cannot own land. Very few are Peninsulares Very wealthy and have
all power and land. Are these groups equal? What do you think is
going to happen?
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Road to Democracy 1821 - Rebellion led by a Criollo priest
Miguel Hidalgo leads to Mexican independence. Wealthy peninsulares
still own all land and hold all power. Mexican Revolution 1910 1920
Became a democratic republic
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Mexicos Economy
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Major Industries 1. Oil 2. Drug Trade 3. Manufacturing 4.
Tourism
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1. Oil
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Oil industry Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) A State owned company
for decades Accounts for 1/3 of government revenue Focused on
getting the easy to locate reserves.
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Mexico Oil Reform Current President Pena Nieto pushing for
reform He wants to open the industry to private investors. Foreign
investors would bring the kinds of technology needed to tap the
billions of unattainable oil in the country.
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Mexico could make North America the world leader in oil
production
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Impacts of privatizing This would lead to competition and
cheaper oil!!! Opens the door for U.S investors Could limit cash
flow to the Mexican government.
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2. Drugs
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Drug Trafficking 10 Billion dollar industry Divisions among
rival drug cartels leads to violence in areas that overlap. 47,515
had died in drug war violence between Dec. 1, 2006, and Sept. 11
Use of terrorism to maintain control Beheadings, car bombs,
kidnappings Government Corruption Those who oppose are threatened
or assassinated
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Drug Trafficking Why Mexico? Weak local and State governments
Increased international success combating drug smuggling in
Colombia and the Caribbean Increased drug consumption in Mexico
Ease of buying guns in the U.S and transporting them to
Mexico.
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3. Manufacturing
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NAFTA North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 1993/1994
This lifted tariffs and trade blocks between the U.S, Canada, and
Mexico.
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Maquiladoras Assemble products almost exclusively for U.S.
Spurred economic growth along U.S. border Employ 1,000,000+ Changed
appearance of northern cities
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Tourism
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Geography of Mexico
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Regions of Mexico Heartland Region Gulf Coastal Plain Yucatn
Peninsula Northern Pacific Coast Southern Pacific Coast