1 Prepared by: N. Gonzalez Metrology Programme for Nanotechnologies in CENAM (ProMetNano) Norma Gonzalez, Directorate of Materials Metrology, CENAM Awareness Seminar: Metrology in Chemistry and Nanometrology SIM CMWG, San Jose, Costa Rica May 19, 2016
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Metrology Programme for Nanotechnologies in CENAM …€¦ · Metrology Programme for Nanotechnologies in CENAM ... Organic analysis Flow and volume Force and pressure ... Metrology
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Prepared by: N. Gonzalez
Metrology Programme for Nanotechnologies in CENAM
(ProMetNano)
Norma Gonzalez, Directorate of Materials Metrology, CENAM
Awareness Seminar: Metrology in Chemistry and Nanometrology
SIM CMWG, San Jose, Costa Rica
May 19, 2016
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Topics
• Issues about measurements
• Overview of nanotechnology in Mexico
• Metrology Programme for Nanotechnologies
• Some activities in nano
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Measurement is the core of modern society
Quality of life
Fair trading
Industrial competitiveness
Workplace health and safety regulations
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World metrology day
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Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology
The application of scientific knowledge to manipulate and control matter in the nanoscale to make use of size- and structure-
dependent properties and phenomena distinct from those associated with individual atoms or molecules or with bulk materials.
(Source: ISO/TS 80004-1:2010)
Nanoscale
Size range from approximately 1 nm to 100 nm (Source: ISO/TS 80004-1:2010)
1814 consumer products from 622 companies in 32 countries
Vance, M. E., Kuiken, T.,
Vejerano, E. P.,
McGinnis, S. P.,
Hochella, M. F., Jr.,
Rejeski, D. and Hull, M.
S.
(2015) Nanotechnology
in the real world:
Redeveloping the
nanomaterial consumer
products
inventory. Beilstein
Journal of
Nanotechnology, 6, 1769-
1780.
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What’s so special about the nanoscale?
Properties of materials are size-dependent in this scale range.
…unique physical, chemical, mechanical, and optical properties of
materials that naturally occur at that scale.
Morphology Size
Silver nano-objects synthetized by A.
Manzano’s group, CINVESTAV Unidad
Queretaro. Image courtesy by FEI Company
Mexico
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Benefits and Risks
The introduction of any new material or product into commerce, there is both the potential for positive societal benefits as well as the potential risk of harm to humans or the environment during the production, use and disposal of these new products.
Due to the unique nature of nanomaterials, the current methodologies employed to conduct risk assessments, toxicological assessments and life cycle analysis of products containing nanomaterials may be ineffective or may not currently exist.
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Characterization and regulatory gaps of nano-products
• No agreed protocols for physico-chemical characterization
• Existing ‘test methods’ may not be suitable for nanoscale devices and dimensions
• Measurement techniques and instruments need to be developed and/or standardized
• Calibration procedures and CRMs needed for measurement instruments at nanoscale
Therefore, on
the basis of the study by
Heinrich et al. [1995] and the
pattern of pulmonary
inflammatory
responses, NIOSH has
determined that exposure to
ultrafine TiO2 should be
considered a potential
occupational carcinogen.
Photothermal therapy of Lewis lung
carcinoma in mice using gold nanoshells on
carboxylated polystyrene spheres
Comex battles Mexican graffiti with nanocoating technology: nano coatings are helping to keep Mexico's infrastructure graffitti-free
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Nanotechnology value chain
Basic scientific research
Applied research
New products
PRE-COMMERCIAL STAGE COMMERCIAL STAGE
Product and process
development
Experimental technological development
Reliable measurements
DISPOSAL
Environmental, health and safety; Regulation, education and ethics
Se tomó como base la ref. González J., Red de Innovación en Nanotecnología en Nuevo León (2014). Cátedra en la Facultad
de Química de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro
Low friction coefficient lubricant Hydrophobic and oleophobic properties
v
Nanotech Cluster Members
Mechanical properties improved foam
Source: J. González H., UAQ, 2014
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Stakeholders for standards and regulations
ISO TC 229 Nanotechnology
OECD- Working Party on
Manufactured Nanomaterials
(WPMN)
Consultative Committee for
Amount of Substance – Metrology in
Chemistry
BIPM
VAMAS
National Technical Committee of
Standardization in Nanotechnology and International Standardization
Committee Mirror of ISO TC 229
INDUSTRY EDUCATION AND
RESEARCH GOVERNMENT
Initiative for Nanotechnology development in
Mexico,
Nanoscience and
Nanotechnology Network,
CONACYT
European Commission Projects
Horizon 2020:
BISNANO, NANOSAFETY
United States-Mexico High-Level
Regulatory Cooperation Council
(Nanotechnology)
•Guidelines on regulations for
nanotechnologies to foster
competitiveness and protect the
environment, the human health and the safety of the
consumers
Regulation Bodies:
SE
STPS
COFEPRIS
SAGARPA
SEMARNAT
INECC Competitiveness, strengthening of economy, health and environment
protection
8 published voluntary
Mexican standards
and 8 in preparation
VAMAS TWA-2,
TWA-33, TWA-34
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The National Metrology Institute in Mexico
Staff: 295 people ≈ 155 Technical
activities
4 Technical Areas
731 CMC in
BIPM-KCDB
150 international
comparisons
> 60 on-site peer
reviews
>3000 calibrations/yr
> 300 CRM
> 44 National PT/yr
and other services
Formal activities
since 1994
68 National
Standards
Electrical Physical Materials Mechanical
Electromagnetic measurement
Thermometry
Time and frequency
Radiofrequency
Acoustic and vibrations
Optics and radiometry
Reference materials
Inorganic analysis
Organic analysis
Flow and volume
Force and pressure
Mass and density
Dimensional
Technology
Services
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Mission Support different sectors of society in order to satisfy present and future metrological needs, establishing national measurement standards, developing reference materials and disseminating its accuracy, through technological services of the highest quality, aiming to increase the country’s competitiveness, contribute to sustainable growth and improve the quality of life of citizens.
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The Need for Standards and Metrology
• Nanoscience can only evolve into nanotechnology once the measurement problems and metrology are under control
• Economic impacts from product development and commercialization demand standards
• Workplace safety, environment and health are the key drivers during this transition
• The role of NMIs
• Traceable instrumentation and measurement techniques for calibration
• Development and calibration of artefact standards and reference materials
• Suitable models for uncertainty evaluation
• Conducting international measurement comparisons of independently realized quantities
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Broadening measurement capabilities
SI
m
kg
A
mol s
K
cd
N y N
Size
Metrology Programme
for Nanotechnologies
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ProMetNano Improvement or development of new equipment / measurement devices
Improvement or development of new measurement standards and methods
Support to improve or develop new process
HEI
Industry
Government
Measurements are essential to all stages of materials and product life cycles
Novel measurements capable of probing nanoscale dimensions and nanoscale entities
• Biotechnology
• Climate change
• Energy
• Automotive
• Health
• Safety
• Food
• Aerospace
• Others…
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CENAM Nanometrology – Key areas
Linking the nanometre to the metre
Provide traceability for nanoscale dimensional
measurements using a Metrological Atomic
Force Microscope (m-AFM)
Metrology for nanomaterials
Nanoparticle characterisation
Evaluation of instrumentation
Instrument and method development
Reference materials Narayan Poudyal and J Ping
Liu 2013 J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.
46 043001
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Traceable dimensional nano measurement
SI m
Iodine-stabilized laser
Calibration of m-AFM interferometry laser
m-AFM
Commercial AFM
Calibration artefacts
Measurement nanoparticles
Unit realization
International agreement
(CGPM /BIPM)
Accredited or final
user’s lab
In-field or lab
calibration
Linking the nanometre to the metre
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Metrology for nanomaterials
Properties cannot be extrapolated from the macro scale.
Enormous variety of nanomaterials and characterization techniques.
Physico‐chemical metrology is still in understanding process.
No consensus about which properties are the crucial ones for both beneficial and detrimental effects.
The interaction of nanomaterials with the environment is crucial but poorly understood.
No routine methods are available for analysing nanomaterials in matrices (metal, ceramics, polymers, …)