Metacognition ESPY 6304 Art Aguilar David Brook Park.

MetacognitionESPY 6304

Art Aguilar

David Brook Park

Answer the following questions:

1. What do you know about how you personally learn a new concept?

2. What are some tools that you employ to learn?

3. Why do you think that these tools are effective for you?

Self-Assessment Activity

1. Did you understand the directions for the assignment?

2. What were you thinking when you worked on the assignment?

3. How would you evaluate your ability to concentrate on the assignment?

What is the meta- in metacognition?

After Beyond Adjacent Behind

What is cognition?

Thinking Something known Awareness

What is Metacognition?

Thinking about thinking

Self-knowledge about your learning style

Monitoring your own learning

Knowing what you do and do not know

Fundamentals of Meta-cognition (MC) cont.Assess ones own knowledge and thinking process (Joseph, 2010)

MC is supported by

1. Theory

2. Practice

MC in Theory Cognitive theory suggests students are able to:

• Guide learning of complex tasks

• Monitor progress

• Change course

• Identify and asses intellect

MC in Theory (cont).

MC Theory can influence educational practice Young learners Adult learners

MC in PracticeExamples:

1. Student questionnaires

2. Reflective thinking

3. Reciprocal teaching

MC in PracticeEx. Reciprocal Teaching

Reading Technique

Students create their own questions

Student uses self-teaching

Student has insight on own learning style

MC Practices Schools utilize MC for problem solving in:

Primary education

Secondary education

A variety of Subjects

MC in Practice (cont.)Problem Solving in a variety of Subjects

Math

Science

Foreign Language Acquisition

MC in Foreign Language

MC is related to the brain Language acquisition is related to the brain MC can help in foreign language acquisition

John Flavell: Metacognition Theory

Foundation Researcher

Influenced by Piaget

MC in Mathematics and Human Development

MC used in Math learning Processing Speed Executive Functions of the brain

Metacognition

Processes

Strategies

Metacognitive Monitoring

Knowledge Experiences Tasks and Goals Strategies or Actions

Examples

Knowing you know something but… Coffee shop vs. Library

Metacognitive Strategies

Awareness of self Planning and Goal Setting Self-Monitor and Reflecting Adaptability

Learners

Passive & Dependent

Assertive & Independent

Uses in Teaching

Student Self-Regulate Assess one’s Strategies

Learning Strategies

Pre-reading

Note taking

Rewriting notes

Worked examples

More Metacognitive Strategies

Connections

Self-evaluating

Choosing cognitive strategies

Learning Strategies

Flash cards

Outlining

Reflecting

Self-testing

Why are Strategies Important?

Confidence builders

Independent Learners

Self-regulation

Extrinsic Motivation

References

Blakely, E., Spence S., (2013). Developing metacogntion. Retrieved from http://www.education.com/print/Ref_Dev_Metacognition/eric/

Brown, A. (1987). Metacognition, executive control, self-regulation, and other more mysterious mechanisms. In Weinert, F., and Kluwe, R. (eds.), Metacognition, Motivation, and Understanding, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 65–116.

Cooper, S. (2013). Theories of learning in Educational Psychology. John Flavell: metacognition. Retrieved from http://www.lifecircles-inc.com/Learningtheories/constructivism/flavell.html

Culatta, R. (2013). Instructional design metacognition. Retrieved from http://www.instructionaldesign.org/concepts/metacognition.html

Joseph, N. (2010). Metacognition needed: Teaching middle and high school students to develop strategic learning skills, and formal names. Preventing School Failure, (42) (2), 99-103.

Livingston, J. A. (1997). Metacognition: An overview. Retrieved from http://gse.buffalo.edu/fas/shuell/cep564/Metacog.htm]

Stricklin, K. (2011). Hands-On Reciprocal Teaching: A Comprehension Technique. Reading Teacher, 64(8), 620-625. doi:10.1598/RT.64.8.

References (cont.)Pennequin, V., Sorel, O., & Mainguy, M. (2010). Metacognition, Executive Functions and Aging: The Effect of Training in the Use of Metacognitive Skills to Solve Mathematical Word Problems. Journal Of Adult Development, 17(3), 168-176

QU, W. (2009). Stimulating foreign language learning motivation--From the perspective of cognition and meta-cognition. US-China Foreign Language, 7(10), 34-38