MERIS data QWG, ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 April 2008 BOUSSOLE: status of activities in April of 2008 David ANTOINE Laboratoire dOcéanographie de Villefranche.

MERIS data QWG, ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 April 2008

BOUSSOLE: status of activities

in April of 2008

David ANTOINELaboratoire d’Océanographie de

Villefranche

MERIS, March 4, 2003, © ESA


Outline

A few reminders about the project

Facts

Science exploitation

Cal / val operations

Conclusions / perspectives


How is the Earth changing and what are the consequences for life on Earth?

How is the global Earth system changing?

What are the primary causes of change in the Earth system?

How does the Earth system respond to natural and human-induced changes?

What are the consequences of changes in the Earth system for human civilization?

How well can we predict future changes to the Earth system?

The answers to these questions rely on Cal/Val

Extracts from a NOAA/NASA/NIST workshop « Achieving satellite instrument calibration for

climate change »Ohring et al., 2007, EOS Trans AGU


That’s what is done for altimetry

Extrait du site AVISO/CLS, http://www.jason.oceanobs.com/html/actualites/indic/msl/welcome_fr.html


1st comment / message Maintaining calibration of ocean color sensors is a major activity that cannot be neglected or considered just as a basic duty of space Agencies

Researcher must be involved closely with space Agencies

This is a key to answer correctly to present questions on the present and future changes of ocean biogeochemistry and their responses to global environment changes

This is not so obvious.. Nothing is granted in this domain


BOUSSOLE: motivations

- Science objectives : short-term changes in IOPs and AOPs, relationships between both, role of CDOM, seasonal and inter-annual changes, bidirectionality of the ocean reflectance...- Operational objective : vicarious calibration of ocean color observations from space, and validation of the level-2 “geophysical products” (e.g., chlorophyll, normalized radiances).

Establishing a time series of inherent and apparent optical properties (IOPs and AOPs), with two parallel objectives :


BOUSSOLE: strategy

- A deep sea mooring, collecting data on a “continuous” basis

- Monthly cruises for collecting data that are not accessible to the mooring (vertical profiles, water sampling), as well as for servicing the mooring- A coastal AERONET station, providing the necessary information about the aerosol properties, which are a central element of the vicarious calibration process

Combination of 3 elements :


The site (43°22’N; 7°54’E)

Deep (2400 m) Case 1 waters


Water at BOUSSOLE are permanently Case 1 waters

Buoy data

Morel & Maritorena, 2001Upper limit for Case 1 waters


The range of bio-optical properties at BOUSSOLE is representative of global Case 1

waters

Thick line : BOUSSOLEThin line and thin dotted line : SeaWiFS global or Med Sea onlyGray : NOMAD


-9 m

-4 m

Acquisition “en rafale” (1 minute à 6 Hz) :Possibilité de filtrer l’effet de l’interface pour s’approcher de la valeur réelle de Kd ou Ku, et donc de réaliser une meilleure extrapolation vers la surface

Ombrage minimal par la bouée elle-même

25 mètres

radiomètres

radiomètres


BOUSSOLE buoy: some illustrations


Measurements, instruments:Monthly cruises

Vertical profiles: T, S, O2, chlorophyll fluorescence (CTD) Ed & Eu at 13 l (Satlantic SPMR/SMSR), Secchi disk Phytoplancton pigments (HPLC) phytoplancton absorption (filters) CDOM absorption Total absorption & attenuation @ 9 (Wetlabs’ AC9) Backscattering coefficient (Wetlabs’ eco VSF) CDOM fluorescence (Wetlabs’ CDOM WetStar). Surface: Dry weight of particles (SPM) AOT (CIMEL CE-317 or SIMBADA). Lw determined from above the surface (SIMBADA)

Photometer CE-318 : AOT, aerosol typesAERONET


Measurements, instruments : buoy

italics: evolutions in 2008 Ed, Eu, Lu @ 7 (Satlantic 200 series), @ 4 & 9 m (+

reference above the surface) (Lu hyperspectral from

350 to 800 nm, resolution 2 nm) PAR sensor Attenuation coefficient @ 660 nm (4 & 9 m) phytoplankton fluorescence (4 & 9 m) Backscattering coefficient @ 443 et 560 (9 m) (442, 488, 555 & 620 nm) Temperature, salinity, pressure Tilt & heading of the buoy Mooring cable strain


Work at sea 70 monthly cruises (since july 2001; Tethys-II)

15 buoy deployment / recovery cruises (ship: castor 02)

40 opportunity cruises (1-2 days) for verifications / repairs / cleaning etc…

17-days AOPEX cruise (Suroit, Août 2004)Buoy deployments

Over 1460 days since september of 2003, the buoy was continuously deployed (except Janv. Fev 2004), and has functioned during 1250 days, i.e., a 85% success rate


But 2008 came..

Mid January: ship collision: the buoy is recovered immediately (the upper superstructure that host the instrumentation)

One month later: the mooring line breaks: the lower part of the buoy (main floatation) + the mooring line are recovered

At the end: no loss of instrumentation

Buoys are being checked, repaired and prepared for redeploymentThe instrument suite is being checked by Satlantic

Redeployment is planned in June

At the end, this is a 5-months interruption of the data flow…


SinceJanuary of 2007

http://www.obs-vlfr.fr/Boussole


BOUSSOLE: publications

Antoine, D. M. Chami, H. Claustre, F. D’Ortenzio, A. Morel, G. Bécu, B. Gentili, F. Louis, J. Ras, E. Roussier, A.J. Scott, D. Tailliez, S. B. Hooker, P. Guevel, J.-F. Desté, C. Dempsey and D. Adams. 2006, BOUSSOLE : a joint CNRS-INSU, ESA, CNES and NASA Ocean Color Calibration And Validation Activity. NASA Technical memorandum N° 2006–214147, 61 pp.

Voss, K., A. Morel and D. Antoine, Detailed validation of the bidirectional effect in various Case 1 waters for application to Ocean Color imagery, Biogeosciences, , 4, 781-789.

Morel A., H. Claustre, D. Antoine, B. Gentili, Attenuation and reflectance properties within the visible and near-UV spectral domains, as determined in south Pacific waters, and compared with those in some other oceanic zones, Biogeosciences, 4, 913-925.

Antoine, D., P. Guevel, J.-F. Desté, G. Bécu, F. Louis, A.J. Scott and P. Bardey, The « BOUSSOLE » buoy – A new transparent-to-swell taut mooring dedicated to marine optics : design, tests and performance at sea, sous presse à Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology.

Antoine, D., F. D’Ortenzio, S.B. Hooker, G. Bécu, B. Gentili, D. Tailliez andA. Scott, Assessment of uncertainty in the ocean reflectance determined by three satellite ocean color sensors (MERIS, SeaWiFS, MODIS) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE project), accepté à Journal of Geophysical Research.

Bailey S., S.B. Hooker, D. Antoine, J.P. Werdell and B. Franz, Vicarious calibration of ocean color satellite remote sensors: An analysis of sources and assumptions, soumis à Applied Optics.

Antoine D., and P. Gernez, Field characterization of wave-induced underwater light field fluctuations, en préparation pour Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans.

Banzon, V., D. Antoine, C. Kuchinke, K. Voss, H.R. Gordon and R.H. Evans, Application of a dust-correction algorithm for SeaWiFS in the Mediterranean Sea : when is it appropriate ? en préparation pour Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans.

Dubuisson P., R. Frouin, L. Dufôret, D. Dessailly, K. Voss & D. Antoine, Estimating aerosol altitude from reflectance measurements in the O2 A-band, en préparation pour Applied Optics.



for:

- ENVISAT – MERIS, ESA

- SeaWiFS, NASA

- MODIS-A, NASA

- PARASOL – POLDER3, CNES

In a « near » future:

- Sentinel3 – OLCI, ESA (2012)

Also, likely for:

- OCM-2, ISRO

- CNSA sensors

- Future geostationary sensor above europe (CNES..)



Identification of the « blue overestimation » for MERIS.

Antoine, D., F. D’Ortenzio, S.B. Hooker, G. Bécu, B. Gentili, D. Tailliez and A.J. Scott, 2008, Assessment of uncertainty in the water-leaving reflectance determined by thfree satellite ocean color sensors (MERIS, SeaWiFS, MODIS-A) at an offshore site in the Mediterranean Sea (BOUSSOLE project), Journal of Geophysical Research, Oceans, in press

MERIS

SeaWiFS

MODIS


Comparaison of vicarious cal gains obtained with MOBY, BOUSSOLE & NOMAD

Bailey, S., S.B. Hooker, D. Antoine, B.A. Franz, and P.J. Werdell, Sources and assumptions for the , 2008, vicarious calibration of ocean color satellite observations, Applied Optics Vol. 47, No. 12, 2035-2045.



« Qualité des produits de réflectances marine issus de POLDER3 / PARASOL », présentation faite le 18 décembre 2006 au CNES par F Steinmetz et P.-Y. Deschamps

MAY 2006

NOV 2006

AOT<0.1AOT>0.1



Characterization of uncertainties in products (chlorophyll for instance) from

different missionsNeeded before data from different sensors can be merged(e.g., GlobCOLOUR)

Merged products MERIS / MODIS / SeaWiFS, july 2002


In summary Development & qualification of a new measurement platform, dedicated to marine optics

Set up of a staff & scientific teams

The system is quasi-operational, with two “sister buoys” and moorings continuous acquisition

Data production as requested by space Agencies (cal/val)

Scientific exploitation is being developed

International recognition is achieved

The use of the data is developing regularly

The project will continue in the coming years


Thank you


People (LOV+OOV+external partnerships)

P.I. (L.O.V., Villefranche sur mer) Equipe “Optique marine et télédétection” David ANTOINE,Etudiants, post-Docs Pierre Gernez (thèse P6) Terry O’Bree (post Doc; démarrage septembre 2007)

Equipe technique (L.O.V. et O.O.V., Villefranche sur mer)100% BOUSSOLE Guislain BECU, Responsable campagnes en mer, traitement des données (2004-2007) Enzo VELLUCCI idem, depuis octobre 2007 CDD CNES et ESA

Contributions variables (10 à 50%), partagées avec les autres activités du LOV Bernard GENTILI, Traitement des données Francis LOUIS, Electronique, divers Joséphine RAS, Mesures HPLC et absorption sur filtre Dominique TAILLIEZ , CTD + IOPs, campagnes mensuelles David LUQUET, Plongée

Partenariats entreprises Pierre GUEVEL, ACRI-st-Genimar, conception bouée, calculs hydro Jean-François DESTE, ACRI-st-Genimar, ingénierie bouée Philippe BARDEY, ACRI-st, Expertise Ludovic BOURG, Grigor OBOLENSKY, ACRI-st, traitement données MERIS Alpha CAMARA, “Avance Conceptuelle”, conception bouée, calculs de structure Cyril DEMPSEY, Satlantic Inc., instrumentation optique Darrell ADAMS, Satlantic Inc. instrumentation optique


Other people, collaborations

Equipe scientifique (L.O.V., Villefranche sur mer) Equipe “Optique marine et télédétection” Marcel BABIN, fluorescence du phytoplancton Annick BRICAUD, IOPs (absorption) Malik CHAMI, étalonnage indirect, polarisation Hervé CLAUSTRE, IOPs, “proxys biogeochimiques”, nouvelles plateformes Fabrizio d’ORTENZIO Cal/val, relations physique-optique André MOREL, AOPs

Collaborations Nationales P. Y. DESCHAMPS et al. LOA, Univ. Lille Above-water vs below-water, PARASOL H. LOISEL et al. ELICO, Wimereux IOPs C. MOULIN LSCE, Paris Projet PFT-Med (LEFE-CYBER)

Collaborations Internationales Stanford B. HOOKER NASA/GSFC Optics protocols, cal/val operations Kenneth J. VOSS Univ. Miami Bidirectionalité Robert FROUIN Scripps Corrections atm., PAR Dave SIEGEL UCSB CDOM Chuck TREES NURC, La Spezia Campagne 2008 (SORTIE)


Funding Angencies

Agence Spatiale Européenne

Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales

National Aeronautics and Space Administration of the USA

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique

Institut National des Sciences de l’Univers

Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche sur mer

Université Pierre et Marie Curie

MERIS data QWG, ESRIN, Frascati, 21-23 April 2008 BOUSSOLE: status of activities in April of 2008 David ANTOINE Laboratoire dOcéanographie de Villefranche.

Documents

meris data qwg

villefranche meris

nomad slide

esa slide

domain slide

boussole buoy

mtres radiomtres slide

global earth system