Mendelian (“Simple”) Genetics Chapter 11 Objectives: 7.0 Apply Mendel's law to determine phenotypic and genotypic probabilities of offspring. 7.1 Defining important genetic terms, including dihybrid cross, monohybrid cross, phenotype, genotype, homozygous, heterozygous, dominant trait, recessive trait, incomplete dominance, codominance, and allele 7.2 Interpreting inheritance patterns shown in graphs and charts 7.3 Calculating genotypic and phenotypic percentages and ratios using a Punnett square
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Mendelian (“Simple”) Genetics Chapter 11 Objectives: 7.0 Apply Mendel's law to determine phenotypic and genotypic probabilities of offspring. 7.1 Defining.
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Mendelian (“Simple”) GeneticsChapter 11
Mendelian (“Simple”) GeneticsChapter 11
Objectives:7.0 Apply Mendel's law to determine phenotypic
and genotypic probabilities of offspring.7.1 Defining important genetic terms, including dihybrid cross, monohybrid cross, phenotype,
2. How many different traits of the pea plant did Mendel study?
3. What is the first cross of a genetic cross called?
4. What do we call a cross of the offspring?
5. What do we now call what Mendel called a “trait”?
6. What is shown across the top and down the side of a Punnett square?
7. What is shown in the boxes of a Punnett square?
8. What does Mendel’s law of segregation say?
9. Law of independent assortment?
Genetics:
• The study of heredity (how traits, or specific characteristics, are passed from one generation to another)
Gregor Mendel
• Mendel (1822-1884) was an Austrian monk trained in science and mathematics at the University of Vienna.
• He was a teacher, and was in charge of the monastery’s gardens.
Mendel’s Peas• He used true-breeding plants --
plants that had been allowed to self-fertilize for generations, producing offspring identical to themselves.
• The plants had the following traits with differences: height, pea (seed) color, pea shape, seed coat color, pod color, pod shape, and flower position.
• By using purebred plants, Mendel could cross-pollinate purposely and purposefully to see what would happen.
• Mendel used a paint brush to transfer pollen from one type of pea plant to another.
• Parent plants are called the P generation.
• Offspring are called the filial, or F1, generation.
• These offspring plants would be hybrids (vs. purebreds).
• What would the offspring of a cross between two F1 plants be called?
Results of Mendel’s F1 Cross-Pollinating
Experiments• Rather than the plants
showing blended characteristics of the parents, the F1 plants showed characteristics of only one parent.Source: