Mendelian Genetics Gregor Mendel “Father of Genetics” Augustinian Monk at Brno Monastery in Austria (now Czech Republic) Not a great teacher but well trained in math, statistics, probability, physics, and interested in plants and While assigned to teach, he was also assigned to tend the gardens and grow vegetables for the monks to eat. Mountains with short, cool growing season meant pea (Pisum sativum) was an ideal crop plant.
Mendelian Genetics. While assigned to teach, he was also assigned to tend the gardens and grow vegetables for the monks to eat. Augustinian Monk at Brno Monastery in Austria (now Czech Republic). - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Mendelian Genetics
Gregor Mendel
“Father of Genetics”
Augustinian Monk at Brno Monastery in Austria (now Czech Republic)
Not a great teacher but well trained in math, statistics, probability, physics, and interested in plants and heredity.
While assigned to teach, he was also assigned to tend the gardens and grow vegetables for the monks to eat.
Mountains with short, cool growing season meant pea (Pisum sativum) was an ideal crop plant.
Gregor Mendel’s Work• Starting in 1856 Mendel studied peas which he grew
in a garden out side the Abbey he lived in.
• Showed that the traits he studied behaved in a precise mathematical way and disproved the theory of "blended inheritance.”
• Mendel’s work was rediscovered in 1900 by three botanists:
– Carl Correns (Germany)
– Erich von Tschermak (Austria)
– Hugo de Vries (Holland)
Why Peas?
Mendel used peas to study inheritance because:– True breeding commercial strains were
available– Peas are easy to grow– Peas have many easy to observe traits
If the probability (P) given in the table is high, it is very likely that this would occur by chance, and we have a good “fit”. If P is low, we conclude that it is not likely that the deviation observed would occur by chance alone.
N value look hereX2 values are in the shaded region
P = about 17%
Activity: Probability and Chi-Squares
With a partner, get 2 pennies ( or any coin). Toss your coins 100 times. Make sure you record on the chart how many HH, HT and TT you got.
Using Chi-Square analysis, how “fit was your data?
What is the probability of each landing on heads or tails?
Heads
1/2
Tails
1/2
Heads
1/2
Tails
1/2
HH
1/4
HT
1/4
TT
1/4
HT
1/4
Phenotype: 1/4 Heads/Heads:
1/2 Heads/Tails:
1/4 Tails/Tails
Punnett Squares
work in the same
manner
Alleles: T = tall
t = short
Phenotype:
Genotype:Tt
TtWhat are the possible gametes produced by these parents? T t