MEGON BIRDS€¦ · Barb Combs, 146 Elka6 y Drive, Eugene, OR 97404, (H)689-6660, (W)378-6190 Kit Larsen 216, 2 Kincaid Street, Eugene O, R 97405, (H)344-9574 (W) 686-4394 Tom Mickel

MEGON BIRDS T.J Volume 15 Number 4, Winter 1989

OREGON BIRDS is a quarterly publication of Oregon Field Ornithologists. Oregon Birds is printed at the University of Oregon Press. Membership in Oregon Field Ornithologists is on an annual basis and includes a subscription to Oregon Birds. ISSN 0890-2313

Ed i to r O w e n S c h m i d t Assistant Editor Sharon K. Blair

Associate Editor Jim Johnson

OREGON FIELD ORNITHOLOGISTS President Bill Stotz, Florence (1990)) Secretary Donna J. Lusthoff, Beaverton (1990)) Treasurer Kit Larsen, Eugene (1990)

Past President Larry Thornburgh, North Bend Directors David A. Anderson, Portland (1988-90)

David Irons, Beaverton (1989-91) Tom Mickel, Eugene (1988-90) Tim Shelmerdine, Lake Oswego (1989-91)

OREGON BIRD RECORDS COMMITTEE Secretary Tom Staudt, Portland (1990) Members Tom Crabtree, Bend (1989-91)

Jeff Gilligan, Portland (1987-89) Steve Heinl, Eugene (1989-91) David Irons, Beaverton (1987-89) Jim Johnson, Portland (1987-89) Larry McQueen, Eugene 1988-90) Harry Nehls, Portland (1988-90) Owen Schmidt, Portland (1988-90) Steve Summers, Klamath Falls (1989-91)

Alternates Jim Carlson, Eugene (1989) Bob O'Brien, Clackamas (1989) Alan McGie, Corvallis (1989) Tom Staudt, Portland (1989) Linda Weiland, Portland (1989)

OREGON BIRDS OREGON BIRD RECORDS COMMITTEE

© 1989

OREGON FIELD ORNITHOLOGISTS P.O. Box 10373

Eugene, OR 97440

1989 OREGON LISTING REPORT FORM RETURN BY

15 FEBRUARY1990

Ufe Year 1989

Your Name

/our Address State Zip

/our Telephone

I. OREGON STATE LIST

Oregon Life list

1989 Oregon Year l i t

.fHirtsM(lk300)

JthrtsMdhlSOl

2.1989 OREGON COUNTY LISTS

Fill in the blanks In the next column, right.

Note: threshold for County Ufe totals Is 100, for County Year totals Is ISO.

3. COMPLETE AND RETURN BY 15 FEBRUARY 1990

Send completed form to

Steve Summers

1400-A Arthur Street

Klamath Falls, OR 97603

Baker

Benton

Clackamas

Clatsop

Columbia

Coot

Crook

Curry

Deschutes

Douglas

Gilliam

Grant

Harney

Hood River

Jackson

Jefferson

Josephine

Klamath

Lake

Lane

Lincoln

Unn

Malheur

Marion

Morrow

Multnomah

Polk

Sherman

Tillamook

Umatilla

Union

Wallowa

Wasco

Washington

Wheeler

1989 OREGON LISTING

REPORT FORM RETURN 8Y

15 FEBRUARY 1990

four Name

/our Address

City State Zip

/our Telephone

I. OREGON STATE LIST

Oregon LHV List

1989 Oregon Yew List

.fHnOoUkSOOl

.Hktsbd<ih250l

2.1989 OREGON COUNTY LISTS

Fill in Hie blanks In Hie next column, right.

Note: threshold for County We totals is 100, for County Year totals is ISO.

3. COMPLETE AND RETURN 8Y

15 FEBRUARY 1990 Send completed form to

Steve Summers 1400-A Arthur Street Klamath Falls, OR 97603

Baker

Benton

Clackamas

Clatsop

Columbia

Coot Crook

Curry

Deschutes

Douglas

Gilliam

Grant

Harney

Hood River

Jackson

Jefferson

Josephine

Klamath take

Una

Lincoln

Linn

Malheur

Marion

Morrow

Multnomah

Polk

Sherman

Tillamook

Umatilla

Union

Wallowa

Wasco

Washington

Wheeler

Yamhill

1 re Year 1989

OB 15(4), Winter 1989 OREGON RARE BIRD PHONE NETWORK

Astoria Mike Patter:

325-1$65

Florei Pat Mi

26811 Bill S&Jz, 997-8978

Rules for a network are simple: rare birds only (no east/west or west/east Oregon birds); birders who get calls have to make calls (this means long distance tolls); and once on the network, keep it going by keeping your address and phone number(s) current. Minimum information on a rare bird call should include species, age and sex (if not known, say so), number of birds, who found it (them), and who to call for more information, if anyone.

Birders who would like to represent their local birding areas should write to

The Editor, Oregon Birds 3007 N.E. 32nd Avenue Portland, OR 97212

Please feel free to send ideas and suggestions, tool

OREGON RARE BIRD PHONE NETWORK OB 15(4), Winter 1989

• Ashland Marjorie Moore, 357 Taylor Street, Ashland, O R 97520, (H)482-1303,776-7294 B . June Babcock, 17297 Antioch Road, White City, O R 97503, (H)826-7011 • Astoria Mike Patterson, 324 38th Street, Astoria, O R 97103, (H)325-1365 • B e n d Tom Crabtree, 1667 N.W. Iowa, Bend, O R 97701, (H)388-2462 (W)389-7723,1-800-762-

6616 • C a n y o n City Tom Winters, P.O. Box 111, Canyon City, O R 97820, (U)575-2833 (W)575-l 637 • Coos Bay /North Bend/Coquille Ben Fawver, 793 Johnson, Coos B a y , O R 97420, (H)267-6485 L y n Topits, 888 Telegraph, Coos B a y , O R 97420, (H)267-7208 (W)888-4762 Barbara Griffin, 1691 Grant Street, North Bend O R 97459, (H)756-5688 Larry Thornburgh, 2058 Cedar Court, North Bend, O R 97459, (H)756-4281 • Corvall is /Philomath Elzy & Els ie Eltzroth, 6980 N.W. Cardinal, Corvallis, O R 97330, (H)745-7806 Jan & R i c k Krabbe, 24461 Columbine Drive, Philomath, O R 97370, (H) 929-5941 (W-

Jan)928-2361 x410 (W-Rick)967-5821 • Eugene Jim Carlson, 1560 Chasa St., Eugene, O R 97401, (H) 485-4491 (W) 687^1436 (leave

message with receptionist) Barb Combs, 1466 Elkay Drive, Eugene, O R 97404, (H)689-6660, (W)378-6190 Kit Larsen, 2162 Kincaid Street, Eugene, O R 97405, (H)344-9574 (W) 686-4394 Tom Mickel , 5259 Overbrook Lane, Eugene, O R 97405, (H)485-7112, (W) 935-2283 Clarice Watson, 3787 Wilshire Lane, Eugene, O R 97405, (H)485-6137 • Florence Pat Moynahan, 88518 Fourth Avenue, Florence, O R 97439, (H)997-2691 B i l l Stotz, 1305 Laurel, Florence, O R 97439, (H)997-8978 • K l a m a t h Fai l s Steve Summers, 1400-A Arthur Street, Klamath Falls , O R 97603, (H)884-1938 • Pendleton Paul Sullivan, 1513 S . E . Court Place #7, Pendleton, O R 97801, (H)276-5087 • Portland Jeff Gilligan, 26 N . E . 32nd Avenue, Portland, O R 97232, (H)234-5961 (W)326-3057 Harry Nehls, 2736 S . E . 20th, Portland, O R 97202, Qi)233-3976 Owen Schmidt, 3007 N . E . 32nd Avenue, Portland, O R 97212, {H)282-9403 (Wl)230^t201

(W2)230-4148 • Port O r f o r d Jim Rogers & Carrie Osborne, 95187 E l k River Rd . , Port Orford, O R 97465, (H)332-2555 • Roseburg Martha M . Sawyer, 11 N. River Drive, Roseburg, O R 97470, $1)672-6249 Fred & Alice Parker, 313 W . Hickory St., Roseburg, O R 97470, (H)672-1549 Meredith Jones, 1394 Fisher R d . N.W., Roseburg, O R 97470, (H)672-6367 • Salem Barb Bel l in , 4730 Elizabeth N.W., Salem, O R 97303, (H)393-0243 Bob Lucas , 392 Holder Lane S . E . , Salem, O R 97306, (H)363-9710 • Umatilla/Hermiston Marion Corder, Rt. 1 B x . 210, Umatilla, O R 97882, (H)922-3653 Craig Corder, P.O. Box 1174, Hermiston, O R 97838, (H)567-8360 (W)567-6414

Phone number in italics means you may reach an answering machine.

O R E G O N B I R D S V o l u m e 15 N u m b e r 4, W i n t e r 1989

News and Notes 221

Information Wanted on Oregon's Birds 234

Color-marked Birds i n Oregon 235

CHRISTMAS B I R D COUNTS

The 90th Christmas B i r d Count 240 Jim Johnson

The Future of Oregon Christmas B i r d Counts 244 Alan Contreras

A Short History of Ear ly Oregon Christmas B i r d Counts 249 George Jobanek

HOOK REVIEW: Atlas of W i n t e r i n g N o r t h American Birds 250 Alan Contreras

i '-orrelating Winter Abundance W i t h CBC Data 252 Greg Gillson

(Christmas B i r d Count Data Reveals Patterns i n Winter Gul l Distr ibut ion i n Oregon 255 Greg Gillson

F E A T U R E S Report of the Oregon B i r d Records Committee

Tom Staudt, OBRC Secretary 1988-89 .263

Malheur County -Craig Corder

•A Year's L i s t 272

County L i s t i n g 276 Eleanor A. Pugh

OREGON BIRDS 15(4): 219, Winter 1989

Are "Small" Crows along the Oregon Coast Necessarily Northwestern Crows?.......... ..................277 Range D. Bayer

Northwestern Crow Distinction? • 279 lan Paulsen (reprint)

Measurements of Possible Northwestern Crows from Oregon 281 Range D. Bayer

Northwestern Crow Distinction? Maybe Not 285 Dennis Paulson (reprint)

SITE G U I D E : Bat t l e Mounta in State Park, U m a t i l l a Co., Oregon 2 8 8

Mike Denny

FIELDNOTES 290

F I E L D N O T E S : Eastern Oregon, Spr ing 1989 291 David A. Anderson

F I E L D N O T E S : Western Oregon, Spr ing 1989 298 Steve Heinl

Corrections 233

Announcements Portland Audubon Society 239 Malheur Field Station •••••••• . - 2 6 2 O.I.C. • 3 0 8

Cover Tufted Duck, Kerby, Josephine Co., 12 March 1989, OBRC Record

Number 149.1-89-1IB. See page 299 of this issue. Photo I Jim Johnson.


News and Notes • Unless you send i n your 1990 dues. A conven

ient tear sheet is bound into the front of this issue of OB. OB 16(1)—the first issue under your new dues — i s scheduled to be an oversized issue by Tom Love on Oregon's birds i n the neotropics. You w i l l not want to miss this spectacular issue of OB! Because OFO pr ints only enough copies of OB to go around to subscribers, you may not get a copy of this f i rs t issue i f your dues are late. Everyone involved w i t h keeping the books and producing Oregon Birds thanks you for sending i n your dues before 15 February 1990!

This is your last

issue of OB

• Your 1989 Oregon l i s t ing results are due by 15 February 1990. A convenient tear sheet is bound into the front of this issue of OB. This year, we w i l l take more t ime to gather reports, put them together, proof the reports before p r i n t i n g them, and p r i n t them i n the second issue of the year rather t h a n the first. Reports received later t h a n 15 February cannot be tal l ied . Send your numbers to Steve Summers, 1400-A A r t h u r Street, K l a m a t h Fal ls , OR 97603.

1989 lists

• OFOs 1990 annual meeting has been set for June 1990 i n Hood River. Target birds include Black-backed Woodpecker, Williamson's Sapsucker, and Calliope Hummingb i rd . There w i l l be field t r i p s to various places, including the Columbia River Gorge, and speakers on a variety of topics. The next issue of Oregon Birds w i l l have more information. Annual meeting organizer is David A Anderson, 6203 S.E. 92nd Avenue, Port land , OR 97266, (503)775-5963.

1990 OFO annual

meeting

OFO is • T h a t is the Internat iona l Standard Book ^ ^ ^ Number for OFO as publisher. Each of OFO's TG|>T>T I Special Publications has been assigned an I S B N 1 0 D i y A " e / ' o s w

number, as l isted below. Future revisions of each of these publications w i l l have the I S B N number i n a prominent location. Future Special Publications


w i l l include the I S B N number a t the outset. OFO publications have by now been entered into the world's book databases according to these new numbers. OFO Special Publication No. 1 ISBN 1-877693-10-3

BMography of Oregon Ornithology: An Updatingforthe Years 1971-1977, With a Revised Cross-Referenced List oi the Birds of Oregon. Mark Egger, 76 pp., November 1980. OFO Special Publication No. 2 ISBN 1-877693-12-X

Field Checklist of the Birds of Oregon. Steven C. Gordon, 16 pp., April 1981. OFO Special Publication No. 3 ISBN 1 -877693-14-6

Index to Oregon Bird Reports in Audubon Field Notes and American Birds 1947-1981. Clarice Watson, 79 pp., February 1982. OFO Special Publication No. 4 ISBN 1-877693-16-2

A Bibliography of Bird Identification Articles in Five Journals, with Cross-References to a List of Over 580 Species. Clarice Watson, 44 pp., January 1987. OFO Special Publication No. 5 ISBN 1-877693-18-9

Rare Birds of Oregon. Owen Schmidt, Editor, 190 pp., January 1989.

Thanks! • Contributors to the Oregon B i r d Records Committee annual fund drive were Siskiyou Audubon Society, Umpqua Audubon Society, Salem Audubon Society, Port land Audubon Society, Cape Arago Audubon Society, and Grant County B i r d Club. Contributions are used to defray the expenses of the OBRC, which are p r i m a r i l y the costs of duplicating and storing b i rd reports and photographs.

• M a r k Stern, zoologist w i t h The Nature Conservancy, Oregon Chapter, found the f i rs t documented breeding record for Yellow Rai l i n Oregon since 1926. The discovery was made d u r i n g summer 1989 field work funded by the Oregon Department of F i sh and Wildlife 's Nongame Program. "The h ighl i g h t of the work for me was the day Ginny Rosenberg and I found the nest. We were looking intensively i n an area where I had heard as many as eight rai ls calling the previous night. By chance (or by Jove!) we found five Yellow Rai l eggs at the base of a wi l low tree i n a flooded sedge meadow. The eggs had been pecked out by an avian predator, perhaps a blackbird. Nonetheless, they were intact so we could measure them and match the ir patterning."

First Oregon Yellow Rail nest in 63 years


Stern found 32 rails at 7 sites i n Oregon i n 1989, compared to 29 at 6 sites i n 1988, including the first recent records outside the Fort Klamath area. "There are at least two Yellow Rails at the Conservancy's 23,000 acre Sycan Marsh Preserve i n Lake County." This i t em appeared i n TNC's Oregon Chapter Newsletter, summer 1989. For more information, w r i t e to The Nature Conservancy, Oregon Chapter, 1205 N.W 25th Avenue, Port land, OR 97210.

• U p to 8 Acorn Woodpeckers have settled i n a t Lyle, Washington, j u s t above the Kl i ck i ta t River mouth. This is only the f o u r t h record for Acorn Woodpeckers i n Washington. Local residents say that the birds have been there 1 or 2 years. Oregon birders may find this to be the best time to look for Acorn Woodpeckers i n nearby Hood River and Wasco Counties, where there are no recent records.

• Volunteers w i t h the central region of the Oregon Department of F i sh and Wildl i fe found 16 Flammulated Owls i n Deschutes National Forest i n 1988. There were no previous records. Source: Oregon Wildlife 45(3-5): 26, October 1989. See also David F ix , "Flammulated Owls i n the Western Oregon Cascades," OB 13(1): 38-40, Spring 1987.

• The venerable Roger Tory Peterson wrote t h a t the W r e n t i t "is almost exclusively an endemic of California, scarcely crossing the borders into Oregon and Baja California," i n Bird Watcher's Digest 11(6): 20, July/August1989. Be mindful that RTP is about to publ ish a revised Field Guide to Western Birds, which is l ikely to have the same type of range maps as his revised eastern field guide. Oregon birder and OFO Secretary Donna J . Lusthoff wrote a letter to theBWD editor, sett ing the record straight that "We Oregonians are able to hear, and see, th i s l i t t l e b i r d a l l along our coast, f rom the California to the Washington borders." BWD 12(2): 4, November/ December 1989. Let's hope t h a t RTP gets the word before his W r e n t i t range map goes to press!

• Beginning 1 January 1990, upland game b i r d hunters must have the new $5 upland game b i r d

Acorn Woodpecker

range extension?

Flammulated Owls in

Deschutes County

Wrentit range

Upland game bird

stamp


Sage Grouse hunted

Sensitive species

Marbled Murrelet sightings

stamp. Revenues from stamp sales, estimated at $250,000 annual ly , w i l l be used for enhancement and management of upland game birds—pheasant, turkey , grouse, and quail . The stamp is expected to be popular among stamp collectors. Source: Oregon Wildl i fe 45(3-5): 10, October1989. Improved upland game b ird h a b i t a t can only help other b i rd species.

• 21-22 October was Sage Grouse h u n t i n g season throughout i t s range i n Oregon. The Oregon Fish and Wi ld l i f e Commission apparently decided t h a t there are enough Sage Grouse to sustain a harvest of up to 2000. This i t e m appeared i n The Sage Advisor, a publication about the public lands of the Oregon desert country. For more information, w r i t e to E l l e n Mendoza, 4005 S.E. Grant Court, Portland, OR 97214.

• A "sensitive species" is one t h a t is not listed as endangered or threatened, but could become so i f conditions deteriorate or new information comes to l i ght . Dave Marsha l l is preparing short accounts of the status of 100 species of Oregon vertebrates under a contract w i t h the nongame program of the Oregon Department of Fish and Wi ld l i f e and the Portland Audubon Society. Unpubl ished informat i o n is needed on the status of the following bird species: Horned Grebe (breeding population); Least B i t t e r n , H a r l e q u i n Duck (breeding population); Spruce Grouse; B a r n Owl ( in northeastern Oregon); Horned L a r k ( in the Wil lamette Valley) ; Bank Swallow (breeding population); Western Bluebird (populations outside those using nesting boxes); Grasshopper Sparrow; Bobolink; Tricolored Blackb i r d (breeding colonies); and Western Meadowlark ( in the Wi l lamette Valley). Credit w i l l be given for information used. David B. Marsha l l , 4265 S.W. Chesapeake Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, (503)244-3837.

• For a publ ication to be t i t l ed "The Status of the Marbled M u r r e l e t i n Oregon" — which w i l l be published i n Proceedings of the Foundation of Vertebrate Zoology — I need in land , beach, and at-sea sightings of Marb led Murrelets . I would appreciate


i t i f Oregon birders would go through the i r f ie ld notes and and send me this information as soon as possible. S. K i m Nelson, Oregon Cooperative W i l d life Research U n i t , O.S.U., 104 Nash H a l l , Corvall is , OR 97331-3803, (503)737-4531.

• The Oregon Ocean Resources Management Plan is presently being drafted. Issues include marine gardens, parks, and offshore oil and gas development. One issue of concern to birders is whether to provide a buffer around offshore rocks and islands. A 500-foot buffer would keep boaters away far enough to prevent most harassment of breeding and resting birds and mammals. Public meetings were held i n November, and w r i t t e n comments are due by 15 December. Wr i te to Eldon H o u t , Program Manager, Oregon Ocean Resources M a n agement Task Force, 320 S.W. Stark, Room 525, Portland, OR 97204, (503)229-6068.

• George Constantino, Refuge Manager at Malheur Nat ional Wildl i fe Refuge for the past several years, has taken a new position as Associate Manager for Refuges and Wildl i fe at the U.S. F i s h and Wi ld l i fe Service regional office i n Anchorage, Alaska. This i tem appeared i n the newsletter of the Oregon Chapter of The Wi ld l i fe Society. For more information on this organization, wr i t e Oregon Chapter The Wildl i fe Society, Oregon State U n i v e r sity, 104 Nash H a l l , Corvallis, Oregon 97331-3803.

Ocean Resources

Management Plan

Malheur NWR

manager

• "During the 1986-88 nesting seasons 852 coyotes, 39 raccoons, and an estimated 273 ravens were removed from the Malheur Refuge area. * * * Despite drought-related setbacks in 1987 and 1988 the predator control efforts were considered successful. I f this effort is not continued, declines in the breedingpopulations... of greater sandhill cranes would continue and the population could be listed as threatened' under the Endangered Species Act of1973. * * * The proposed action would reduce coyote, raven, and raccoon numbers on land adjacent to the Malheur NWR, but would not have a great effect on overall predator populations over a wider area (e.g., county, state, or region). Control efforts would not eliminate raccoons, ravens, or coyotes from Malheur NWR, but would reduce their abundance on the refuge and adjacent area during

Malheur NWR

predator control


Desert Starlings

the critical crane nesting seasons so that production objectives can be met on a sustained basis. It is anticipated that 200 coyotes, 15 raccoons, and 75 ravens would be removed annually during the 1989-93 period. Non target mortalities are estimated to be 2-3 badgers, and 2-3 porcupines annually." This language taken f rom the executive summary of an environmental assessment t i t l ed Alternatives to Enhance the Production of Greater Sandhill Cranes on Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, Oregon, dated 21 March 1989. For more information on predator control at Ma lheur N W R , wr i te Refuge Manager, Malheur Nat iona l Wildli fe Refuge, HC 72 Box 245, Princeton, Oregon 97721.

• I am seeking information t h a t would aid i n assessing the impact of European Starlings on the avifauna of a desert r ipar ian community, and assist i n the development of a control p lan . Jeffrey Cooper, The Nature Conservancy, Hassadyampa River Preserve, Box 1162, Wickenburg, Arizona 85358.

Oiled loons • No one knows for sure, b u t some estimates hold Yellow-billed Loon morta l i ty i n Prince W i l l i a m Sound result ing f rom the Exxon Valdez oil spil l at one-third the entire population. 1200 to 7600 loons may have died. Summer 1989 loon nesting surveys i n Alaska were inconclusive. "Unfortunately , breedi n g areas of loons that winter i n Prince W i l l i a m Sound are not known. " This i t e m appeared i n the summer1989 issue of The Loon Call, the publication of the N o r t h American Loon F u n d , H i g h Street, Meredi th , New Hampshire 03253.


• Two items i n the Summer1989 Nature Sounds Society Newsletter may be of interest to birders worried about hearing loss. American males 45 years and older tend to have more hearing loss i n their left ears, while those i n B r i t a i n tend to more i n their right ears. The correlation is tha t automobile drivers tend to open car windows on their respective sides.... The second i tem pertains to diet. Hear ing loss has been attr ibuted to blockage of small blood vessels supplying the inner ear, s imilar to blockage of coronary vessels causing a heart attack. F a t t y deposits are the culprit . A str ict no-fat, no-cholesterol diet may h a l t and even reverse this type of hear ing loss. For membership information i n the Nature Sounds Society, write to NSS Membership, c/o N a t u r a l Sciences D e p a r t m e n t , O a k l a n d M u s e u m , Oakland, CA 94607.

Say what?

• W h a t was the most abundant b i rd at N o r t h American feeders last winter? ProjectFeederWatch has the answer to th is and many more questions about our Continent's b i r d l i fe. "FeederWatchers are now embarking on a new season, and you are invited to j o i n . You need not be an expert b i r d watcher to participate, b u t you must be able to identify birds that commonly v is i t your feeder. A l l you have to do is watch the birds at your feeders on one or two days every two weeks throughout the winter , and record the numbers you see on simple computer-readable forms. I n r e t u r n for your par t i c i pation you ' l l receive 2 issues of FeederWatch News, featuring helpful information about feeding birds and analyses of the abundance and d is tr ibut ion of feeder birds i n your region and across North America." House S p a r r o w was the most abundant b i r d , w i t h an average of 10 birds per feeder throughout the winter. To j o i n Project FeederWatch, or for more information, wr i te to Cornell Laboratory of O r n i thology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, N Y 14850,(607)586-2909.

Project FeederWatch

• Eleven percent of the world's birds are threa t ened w i t h extinction. Birds to watch: the ICBP world checklist of threatened birds, published i n 1988, l ists 1029 of the world's 9000 b ird species. This

Birds to watch


Bird calendar

Oregon Natural Desert Association

Bouncing buntings

Bird posters

information also appears i n the popular book Rare birds of the world, by Guy Mount for t . For more i n formation on the Internat ional Council for B i r d Preservation, w r i t e to them at 32 Cambridge Road, Gir ton , Cambridge, CB3 OP J , U n i t e d Kingdom.

• Royalties f rom the sale of Animals at risk, a 1990 calendar, w i l l go to 30 conservation organizations inc luding the Internat ional Council for B i r d Preservation. The price is £5.99, post free. Oakroyd Press, 9 Oakroyd Avenue, Potters Bar , Herts, E N 6 2 E G . U . K

• Oregon birders enjoying the birds of the Great Basin should know about th is new organization. "We are interested i n protection of and education about the n a t u r a l features of our h igh desert environment." Projects include w o r k i n g w i t h the B u reau of Land Management on protecting wilderness study areas, and w r i t i n g new desert wilderness legislation. Membership is $12 per year. Wri te to ONDA, P.O. Box 1005, Bend, OR 97709.

• Audubon's pa int ing of Painted Buntings is reproduced i n f u l l color on checks from the National Audubon Society. "The checks are compatible w i t h a l l banks, savings & loans and credit unions i n the U.S." For every order or re-order of checks, $1.00 goes to N A S . For more in format ion , wr i te to MessagelCheck Corporation, 911 East Pike, Suite 231, P.O. Box 3206 Audubon-96, Seattle, W A 98114, (206)324-7792.

• "Hummingbirds of N o r t h America and Canada" is a 2-foot by 3-foot "biologically exact" poster i l lustrated by Eugene, Oregon, wi ld l i fe art ist L a r r y McQueen. I t is now available w i t h o u t The Nature Company logo. Other b ird posters now available i n clude ducks and quai l . A series of 6 posters "concerni n g birds of the backyard" f rom a l l regions of the United States has been announced. L a r r y McQueen w i l l also be the i l lustrator for th i s series. Write to Windsor Publications, Inc., 1425 Oak, Eugene, OR 97401.


Bird Brain "Birders w i t h Macintosh computers take heart! Ideaform Inc. has announced the re lease of B i r d B r a i n , a new data base for

keeping track of your b i rd ing observations and notes on your Mac. B i r d B r a i n is

suitable for scientific observers who keep extensive notes and who need to access those notes easily. I t ' s also appropriate for the l ister who likes

to pore over records of birds spotted i n a part icular state, county, or locality, or seen i n a given year or other t ime period." The program l ists for $125, comes w i t h a 55-page manual , and allows the user to add to the A O U checklist and change the taxonomic order as the A O U makes changes. Ideaform Inc. , P.O. Box 1540, 612 West Kirkwood , Fairf ie ld, I A 52556,(515)472-7256.

Bird lists on your Mac

• I f you have a Macintosh computer, and access to the spreadsheet Microsoft Excel, you may be interested i n "very pre l iminary versions of b i r d l i s t ing & record keeping software being developed for the Mac." Communication and cooperation w i t h birders w o r k i n g on similar projects is invited. Send a Macintosh-formatted 800k disk and 450 postage to Gerry Rising, 295 Robinhil l Dr ive , Wi l l iamsvi l le , N Y 14221.

Owl tapes

Grebe group gathers

• I f you purchased Voices of the New World Owls from A R A Productions, and i f you haven't already heard, you should know that example 1 of Otus sanctaecaterinae is actually Otus atricapillus, the Black-capped Screech-Owl. U n t i l th is discovery on 18 August 1989, the voice of atricapillus was not known to science. Both species are members of a 6-owl superspeciesfrom tropical forests, found mostly i n Braz i l . A R A Productions, P.O. Box 12347, Gainesville, F L 32604-0347.

• " I would appreciate hear ing from anyone who is interested i n contributing to and/or receiving a newsletter devoted to members of the Podiciped-iformes. W h a t would you l ike to see i n such a newsletter? Can you suggest a unique name or logo? Would you be w i l l i n g to contribute an article or a drawing? I f there are enough positive responses and


requests, I anticipate sending out the f i rs t newsletter i n January 1990." Bruce Eichhorst, Department of Biology, Box 8238, Univers i ty of N o r t h Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota 58202.

• B u t i t doesn't just happen. Oregon Birds is put happens together w i t h the help of quite a few birders. For example, J i m Johnson gives a considerable amount ofhis t ime to each issue t y p i n g i n manuscripts. Then he helps w i t h the proofing, and assists w i t h f ina l layout, and does almost a l l the paste-up. He puts i n more t ime on each issue t h a n anyone else, except perhaps for one other person. J i m "offloads" the Editor to a very large extent. This i n addition to his regular duties as f ield notes editor for western Oregon's winter and summer seasons. A n d the special assignments he takes on w i l l i n g l y and adroitly. Thanks, J i m . Oregon Birds is better because of your energy.

• Running tal ly of the birds of the Oregon rare bird phone network (and a few we learned about too late for the phone network) :

- Rufous-necked Stint, 15 August 1989, "post-breeding plumage" (adult), on the beach at the south jetty of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co., by Mike Patterson;

- Prairie Warbler, 24 August 1989, adult, freshwater

Eond near the south jetty at Bandon, Coos County, by •avid F i x ;

- Ruff, 24-30 August 1989, juvenile, Racetrack Lake , Sauvie Island, Columbia Co., by J i m Johnson;

-Ruff, 26 Augustl989, juvenile, Bandon Marsh, Coos Co., by J i m Johnson and Steve Heinl;

- Ruff, 30 August 1989, south jetty of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co., by Harry Nehls;

- Ruff, 31 August1989, female, Sturgeon Lake, Sauvie Island, Columbia Co., by Jeff Gilligan, Nick Lethaby, and Harry Nehls, again on 1 September 1989 by J i m Johnson and Tom Staudt;

- Elegant Tern, 31 August 1989,2 birds at the mouth of the Chetco River, Curry County, by Mike Denny;

- Elegant Tern, 9 September1989, mouth of the Rogue River, Curry Co., by Richard Erickson;

- Chestnut-collared Longspur, 13 September 1989, Diamond L a k e sewage ponds, Douglas Co., by David F i x ;

Rare birds


- Yellow-billed Loon, 17 September 1989, Bullard's Beach State Park, Coquille River, Coos County, by Otis Swisher;

- Rusty Blackbird, 17 September 1989, south jetty of the Coquille River west of Bandon, Coos County, by Paul Sullivan;

-Wood Thrush , 14 October 1989, Fields Station, Harney County, by J i m Carlson and Steve Summers;

- Xantus' Murrelet, 24 October 1989, at Boiler Bay, Lincoln Co., by Harry Nehls;

- Thick-billed Murre, 24 October 1989, at Yaquina Bay, Lincoln Co., by Harry Nehls; and

- Canada Warbler, 29 October 1989, in fall plumage, at Seaside, Clatsop Co., by David Irons.

• 7-9 December 1989, Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds, a symposium. The purpose is to update knowledge since the 1977 Smithsonian symposium. John M. Hagan, Manomet Bird Observatory, P.O. Box 936, Manomet, MA 02345, (508)224-6521.

• 16 December 1989 - 3 January 1990, inclusive, 90th Christmas Bird Count, National Audubon Society, 950 Third Avenue, New York, N Y 10022.

• 15 February 1990, dues for 1990 and listing report for 1989 should be mailed in by this date. Late dues may mean you won't get O B 16(1), a special issue on Oregon's birds in the neotropics.

• 21-24 February 1990, Pacific Seabird Group, 16th annual meeting, Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria , B . C . The meeting will feature a symposium titled "The Status, Ecology and Conservation of Marine Birds of the Temperate North Pacific."

• 25 June - 1 July 1990, American Ornithologists' Union and Cooper Ornithological Society joint meeting in Los Angeles, CA.

•21-27 November 1990,20th World Conference of the International Council for Bird Preservation, Hamilton, New Zealand.

• 2-9 December 1990, X X International Ornithological Congress in Christchurch, New Zealand. "This important scientific occasion will provide the focus for a wide range of international events celebrating aspects of T h e World of Birds -— a Southern Perspective.'" Dr. Ben D. Bell, Secretary-General, X X International Ornithological Congress, Department of Zoology, Victoria University, Private Bag, Wellington, New Zealand.


Meetings & events

•15 December 1990 - 2 January 1991, inclusive, 91 st Christmas Bird Count, National Audubon Society, 950 Third Avenue, New York, N Y 10022.

• 24-30 November 1991, Neotropical Ornithology Congress, Quito, Ecuador. Nancy Hilgert de Benavides, Secretary, Organization Committee, IVNeotropical Ornithology Congress, Casil la 9068 S-7, Quito, Ecuador.

• 14 December 1991 - 2 January 1992, inclusive, 92nd Christmas Bird Count, National Audubon Society, 950 Third Avenue, New York, N Y 10022.

• 17 December 1992 - 3 January 1993, inclusive, 93rd Christmas Bird Count, National Audubon Society, 950 Third Avenue, New York, N Y 10022.

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Corrections • The photo of the Dickcissel pr inted at Oregon Birds 15(3): 195, F a l l

1989, should have been a t t r ibuted to Dan Fay. The Editor apologizes for the error. The b ird spent the last 2 weeks of i t s Astoria stay i n Dan's back yard. "Dickcissel. Photo IDan Fay."

• Paradise Park is i n Clackamas County, not Hood River County, as stated at OB 15(3): 214, F a l l 1989. This is i n reference to a sidebar by David B. Marshal l , on 3 summer records of American (Water) Pipits found on M t . Hood, Oregon. The error was made by the Editor , not the author.

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Information Wanted on Oregon's Birds

Note to OB readers: OB publishes information requests tha t may be of interest to Oregon's birders. The ending notation i n brackets shows the f irst issue of OB i n which the request appeared.

R E C E N T ENTRIES: Sensitive species. I am preparing short accounts of the status of

100 sensitive species of Oregon vertebrates under a contract w i t h the nongame program of the Oregon Department of F i sh and Wildli fe and the Portland Audubon Society. Unpublished information is needed on the status of the following b i rd species: Horned Grebe (breeding population); Least B i t t e r n , Har lequin Duck (breeding population); Spruce Grouse; B a r n O w l ( in northeastern Oregon); Horned Lark ( in the Wil lamette Valley) ; Bank Swallow (breeding population); Western Bluebird (populations outside those using nesting boxes); Grasshopper Sparrow; Bobolink; Tricolored Blackbird (breeding colonies); and Western Meadowlark ( in the Wil lamette Valley). Credit w i l l be given for information used. [OB 15(4)] David B. Marshall, 4265S.W. Chesapeake Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, (503)244-3837.

Marbled Murrelet sightings. I need information on inland and at-sea records of Marbled Murrelets i n Oregon. Recent and dated observations are needed of murrelets along rivers or creeks, i n forested areas, i n bays, at r iver mouths, on beaches, and off shore. Detai ls should include date, t ime of day, specific location, number of birds, age, plumage, and behavior. [OB 15(4)] S. K i m Nelson, Oregon Cooperative Wildl i fe Research U n i t , Oregon State Univers i ty , 104 Nash H a l l , Corvallis, OR 97331-3803, (503)737-4531. M a r k A. Stern, Oregon N a t u r a l Heritage DataBase, 1205N.W. 25th Avenue, Portland, OR97210, (503)229-5078.

Roof-nesting gulls. I would l ike to know of any instance of a gu l l nesting on the roof of a house or other bui lding i n Oregon. [OB 15(3)] Range D. Bayer, P.O. Box 1467, Newport, OR 97365.

White-headed Woodpeckers. I am conducting a research project on White-headed Woodpeckers on the east slope of the Cascades. The project is funded by the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildli fe and the Klamath Tribes. Please contact me i f you have any information on nest sightings. [OB 15(2)] Pam Matthews, Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, 61374 Parrell Road, Bend, OR 97702, (503)388-6363.


Tricolored Blackbirds. I n cooperation w i t h the U.S. F ish and Wildl i fe Service, I am summarizing the published l i terature and unpublished information on the historical and current status and d is tr ibut ion of Tricolored Blackbirds. I f you have unpublished field notes on his tor i cal or recent colonies, please contact me. [OB 15(2)] Edward C. Beedy, Jones & Stokes Associates, Inc., 1725 23rd Street, Sacramento, CA 95816, (916)444-5638.

Bald Eagles in Lincoln County. I f you see Bald Eagles i n Lincoln County — especially any at Devils Lake or any away from Siletz Bay, Yaquina Bay, or Alsea Bay—please note the age of the eagle, the date, the bird's activity, and the location of the sighting. [OB 15(1)] Gloria Sullivan, 3121 N.E. 30th Drive, Lincoln City, OR 97367, (H) 994-3759.

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Color-marked Birds in Oregon

Note to OB readers: OB keeps a r u n n i n g tab of color-marked birds that may be seen by Oregon's birders. The ending notation i n brackets shows the first issue of OB i n which the notice appeared. A n y banded or color-marked b i rd , inc luding those w i t h the standard a l u m i n u m U.S. Fish & Wildl i fe Service band, may be reported directly to the B i r d Banding Laboratory, Laure l , M D 20708.

R E C E N T ENTRIES: Snowy Plovers. I n 1987-88, i n cooperation w i t h the Oregon

Department of Fish and Wildl i fe Nongame Program, we color-marked 372 Snowy Plovers at Abert Lake, Lake Co., Oregon. Each plover has 2 bands on each leg, which may include either 3 colored bands and an a lum i n u m Federal band, or 4 colored bands. Band colors include w h i t e , y e l l o w , r e d , d a r k b l u e , l i m e , and the a l u m i n u m Federal band. Banded plovers have been resighted at Aber t Lake, and may l ike ly occur at other alkaline lakes i n Lake and Harney Cos. These banded plovers have been resighted frequently along the Cali fornia and Baja Cali fornia coasts dur ing fa l l /winter , and should be watched for along the Oregon coast dur ing both the fa l l /winter and spring/summer seasons. [OB 15(4)] Mark Stern, Oregon Natural Heritage Program, 1205 N.W. 25th, Portland, OR 97210, (503)229-5078.


Greater Sandhill Cranes. Since 1983, The N a t u r e Conservancy has color-marked approximately 90 Greater Sandhi l l Cranes at Sycan Marsh and surrounding breeding sites i n Lake Co., Oregon. A l l marked cranes have a 3-inch t a l l orange band w i t h a 1/2-inch wide piece of white tape wrapped around the middle. Often th is t a l l orange band is reported as "orange/white/orange." Addit ional bands are 1-1/2 inches t a l l and are colored y e l l o w , w h i t e , blue, r e d , and green. Typically, each crane has a t a l l orange band on one leg and 2 smaller colored bands on the other. A l l bands occur on the upper leg. Banded cranes have been reported f rom Langell Valley east of K lamath Fal l s , Camas Pra ir ie , Summer Lake Wi ld l i fe Management Area, Paul ina Marsh , Chewaucan Marsh, and near Greaser Reservoir i n the Warner Basin. [OB 15(4)] Mark Stern, Oregon Natural Heritage Program, 1205 N.W. 25th, Portland, OR 97210, (503)228-9561.

Loggerhead Shrikes. Loggerhead Shrikes i n east central Alberta have been color banded i n 1989 w i t h white sp l i t plastic rings. I t is expected t h a t banding w i l l continue at least the next several years. [OB 15(4)] Doug Collister, 3426Lane Crescent S.W., Clagary, Alberta, T3E 5X2, Canada.

Common Ravens. D u r i n g t h e spring of1989,75juvenile Common Ravens were marked i n Douglas County, Washington. A bright yellow marker w i t h a number was placed on each wing of nestlings. Information from re turns w i l l be used to determine t i m i n g , route, and rapid i ty of migrat ion, and winter ing habitat . Please note date of sighting, number of ravens seen, number on w i n g tags i f possible, and your name, address, and phone number. [OB 15(4)] George Brady, Washington Department of Wildlife, Box 535, Pateros, Washington 98846, (509)923-2326.

Pacific Golden-Plovers. As p a r t of a study on their w inter ing biology, Pacific Golden-Plovers have been banded on Oahu, Hawai i , and near Nome, Alaska. Each b i r d wears a Fish & Wi ld l i f e Service band on one leg and 1 or more color bands on the other. Color band combinations are 2 of the same color, 2 of different colors, 3 of 2 colors, and 3 of 3 colors. Please note wh i ch leg is color banded and the exact sequence of colors. " I t is important t h a t we know which leg carries the particular color(s) and, where used together, whether the color band is above or below the metal band." Pre-migrants w i l l be color marked i n H a w a i i i n A p r i l 1989 w i t h yellow dye on white areas of breeding plumage. [OB 15(2)] Oscar W. Johnson, Department of Biology, Moorhead State University, Moorhead, MN 56560, (218)236-2360.


California Gulls. San Francisco Bay B i r d Observatory has been color banding Cali fornia Gu l l chicks i n a colony near San Francisco. We would appreciate any information on sightings. Reports should include name and address of observer, date and location of s ighting, and color band order (right leg, yellow over green, etc.). Reports w i l l a id i n our continuing study of the colony, especially movements outside the breeding season. [OB 15(2)] Don Starks, Executive Director, San Francisco Bay Bird Observatory, P.O. Box 247, Alviso, CA 95002, (408)946-6548.

Redheads. I n a cooperative study of the ecology of w i n t e r i n g Redheads i n south Texas, Redheads have been banded w i t h U.S. FWS a luminum bands and nasal discs. Yellow, whi te , red, blue, and green discs were used. Discs attached i n 1987-88 were blank, whi le those attached i n 1988-89 are alpha-numerically coded. "Please report locat ion , date, sex, nasal disc color, alpha-numeric code, and condition of observed birds. [OB 15(2)] Joe Moore, Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, 302 Nagle Hall, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2258.

Canada Geese. Wi ld l i f e agencies i n Washington and Oregon have marked a segment of the Canada Goose population along the lower Columbia River w i t h l i g h t gray neck collars. Black alphanumeric codes on the collars begin w i t h 2 numbers followed by 2 letters (for example, 01 CA). Please record the following information: collar code, exact location, and date and t ime of sighting. Include your name, address, and phone number. [OB 15(2)] Pat Miller, Washington Department of Wildlife, 5405N.E. Hazel Dell, Vancouver, WA 98663, (206)696-6211, or Don Kraege, Washington Department of Wildlife, 600 N. Capitol Way, Olympia, WA 98504, (206)753-5728.

Common Redpolls. Redpolls were color banded i n the Canadian arctic i n the summer of1988. Each b i r d has an indiv idual combination of 3 plastic color bands plus a standard FWS metal band. Please report the exact band combination (note l i ght or dark for blue). [OB 15(1)] Giles Seutin, Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.

Bristle-thighed Curlews. Brist le -thighed Curlews were color banded i n Alaska and on the northwest Hawai ian Islands as p a r t of a study of the ir breeding and population ecology. A l l birds were banded on the t i b ia and some on the metatarsus w i t h a stainless steel band and either 1 l ight blue band or 4 colored plastic bands i n combinations of red, green, l i ght blue, yellow, orange, and mauve. Note the colors, sequence and position (above or below the ankle j o in t ) of bands on each leg. [OB


15(1)] Brian McCaffery, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, P.O. Box 346, Bethel, AK 99559 (907)543-3151; Robert Gill, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, 1011E. Tudor Road, Anchorage, AK 99503 (907)786-3514.

Semipalmated Sandpipers, Stilt Sandpipers, andHudsonian Godwits. The Canadian Wi ld l i f e Service banded 700 Semipalmated Sandpipers, 500 S t i l t Sandpipers, and 100 Hudsonian Godwits on L i t t l e Q u i l l Lake, Saskatchewan, d u r i n g the 1988 southbound migrat ion . These were the f i rs t Hudsonian Godwits ever banded i n prairie Canada. [OB 15(1)] Send observations to H. honey Dickson, Wildlife Biologist, Canadian Wildlife Service, Second Floor, 4999 98th Avenue, Edmonton, Alberta, T6B 2X3, Canada.

Pacific Black Brant. I f you see a Black B r a n t w i t h a color leg band, please note the color of the band, which leg the band was on, and the letter ing on the band. Note the color of the band, the color of the l e t ter ing on the band, letter code (2 or 3 letters or numerals) , and whether read from body to foot or vice versa. Also note date and locality, and look to see whether a whip antenna is hanging down f rom the Brant 's t a i l , because some have been f i t t ed w i t h radio t ransmit ters . 2,000 B r a n t from the Yukon Deltahave yellow leg bands, 500 f rom Canadahave blue bands and some of those have yellow wing streamers, and about 400 Brant from the N o r t h Slope of Alaska have whi te and orange nasal saddles. [OB15(D] Call(503)867-3011,extension270;ifRoyLoweisnot available, leave a message. Roy Lowe, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365,867-3011 ext. 270.

Sanderlings and Western Sandpipers. The Sanderling Project has mist-netted and color-banded Sanderlings along the West Coast. The only colors used were green , orange, red , ye l low, and white . No blue. Some juveni le Sanderlings have been transplanted to other parts of the coast i n an attempt to determine how a young b i r d selects a given site along the coast as i ts w in ter home. Each transplanted b i r d carries a color combination of bands, and a green f lag on i ts r i g h t leg. Please t r y to record the complete color combination. Western Sandpipers have also been color banded. For both species, note which leg the a l u m i n u m FWS band is on. [OB 15(1)] The Sanderling Project, P.O. Box 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923, or Roy Lowe, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365,867-3011 ext. 270. Reports of banded Sanderlings can be sent to Barbara Kus, Department of Biology, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182, or Suzanne Fellows, Bodega Marine Lab, P.O. Box 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923

American Robins. Robins have been marked w i t h the standard a luminum U.S. Fish and Wi ld l i f e Service bands plus colored bands


(combinations of red, l i g h t blue, dark blue, silver, gold, and green). These birds are part of a study concerned w i t h diet choice and information on where they are seen feeding is of part icular interest. Please note the following: band colors ( in their order down the leg), where the band is seen, i f the b i rd is feeding (what on), and the date and t ime of sighting. [OB 15(1)] RexSallabanks, Department of Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR 97403.

Brown Pelicans. B r o w n Pelicans have been color-marked by researchers at the Univers i ty of California, Davis. The tags vary from pla in a luminum bands to bands plus plastic leg markers of various colors. Each configuration has a meaning, so good accurate descriptions are needed. You may see a green, yellow, or orange plastic tag hanging off a green leg band. Note the date and location, the color configuration, numbers ( i f possible), and include any other comments about the s ituation or condition of the bird . [OB 15(1)] Pelican Research Project, Department of Wildlife & Fisheries, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, or Roy Lowe, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Marine Science Center, Newport, OR 97365,867-3011 ext. 270

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Pelagic Trip Portland Audubon Society announces a pelagic trip out

ofGaribaldi,TillamookCo.,l3Januargl989.Costis*35for Portland Audubon members, and $40 for non-members. Hoped-for species include Lagsan Albatross! For details, contact Portland Audubon at (503)292-6855.


The 90th Christmas Bird Count Jim Johnson, 3244 N.E. Brazee Street, Portland, OR 97212

16 DECEMBER 1989 — 3 JANUARY 1990

Here is a l i s t i n g of Oregon CBCs, their dates, and contact persons — made k n o w n to Oregon Birds:


16 December 1989 • T i l l a m o o k B a y (2) Owen Schmidt 282-9403

Meet at the Shilo Inn at 7:00 am on Hwy. 101 north of downtown Tillamook. Tillamook Bay had 150 and 147 species the last 2 years. A good turnout of C B C -ers could top the state all-time record of 151 species!

• R o s e b u r g (17) RonMaertz 496-3847 Home after 5. We wi l l be official again this year.

• B e n d ( 2 3 ) TomCrabtree 388-2462 Meet at Pioneer Park in Bend at 7:45 am.

• J o h n D a y (26) Tom Winters 575-2833 Meet at Mother Load Restaurant, 241 West Main, John Day. Pot luck

afterwards.

• Medford (19) Debbi Sharp 773-8904 • M a l h e u r N W R Sharon Freshman 493-2612

C a l l between 7:00 am and 3:30 pm. Meet at 7:30 am, at " P " R a n c h .

• U n i o n County (34) M a r k H e n j u m 963-0472 Meet at the PNW Forest Service Range and Wildlife Lab on Gekler Lane at

8:00 am.

17 December 1989 • C o l u m b i a E s t u a r y (1) M i k e P a t t e r s o n 325-1365

Meet at Pig 'n Pancake at 7:00 am. Overnight arrangements for those arriving Saturday evening can be made upon request.

• Coos B a y (5) L a r r y T h o r n b u r g h 756-4281 Always a good count, Coos Bay has the all-time record of 151 species.

• U p p e r Nestucca (10) L a r r y Scofield 787-3833 Meet at H i Spot Restaurant, Willamina, 7:00 am; evening crew is needed 8-10

pm.

• W a l l o w a County (33) F r a n k Conley 432-9685

18 December 1989 • Sodhouse (31 ) S h a r o n F r e s h m a n 493-2612

C a l l between 7:00 am and 3:30 pm. Meet at 7:30 am, at Malheur NWR headquarters.


19 December 1989 • S u m m e r L a k e (28) M a r t y St. L o u i s 943-3152

Home number is 943-3180. • C o r v a l l i s (14) RickKrabbe 929-5941

23 December 1989 • S a l e m (12) Steve Dowlan (H)581-2086

(W)364-6339 CBC sectors pre-assigned. Call for details. Countdown follows at 5:20 pm.

• Sauv ie I s l a n d (7) J i m Johnson 284-0041 Meet at parking area at east end of Sauvie Island bridge at 7:15 am.

27 December 1989 • D a l l a s ( 1 1 ) B a r b B e l l i n 393-0243

RoyGerig 623-6884 Meet at 7:00 am at Farrol's Village Inn in Rickreall, just south of the Polk Co.

Fairgrounds. T h e '88 count netted an amazing 108 species. Come and help us score again in '89."

30 December 1989 • P o r t l a n d ( 8 ) JohnBiewener 645-0368

For details, call Portland Audubon House, 292-6855 • Y a q u i n a B a y (3) Paul Reed 265-7386

Call in advance. • S i l v e r t o n (13) Roger Freeman 873-3742 • U m a t i l l a C o u n t y (24) Aaron Sk i rv in 566-3634

31 December 1989 • H o o d R i v e r (20) David A Anderson 775-5963

Meet at The Inn at Hood River, 7:00 am. • E u g e n e ( 1 6 ) HerbWisner 344-3634


1 January 1990 • C o w l i t z - C o l u m b i a ( 3 7 ) BobReistroffer (206)636-5125

These CBCs were held in 1988-89, but no firm date had been received at press time. You may wish to contact the compiler.

• Adel , Lake Co. (30) B i l l Pyle, Ken Voget (W)947-3315

• Florence (4) J i m Carlson 485-4491

• Forest Grove (9) N O C O U N T

• Grants Pass (18) Robert Carton 479-0542

• H a r t M t n . , Lake Co. (29) Ken Voget (W)947-3315

• K l a m a t h Falls (27) George Peden 882-9405

• Port Orford (6) J i m Rogers 332-2555

Compilers could not be contacted for these counts, so names and numbers may not be current.

• A l m a (15) Frank Wagner

•Antelope (21) Bruce Hansen (W)754-4597

• Baker Co.-Salisbury (35) Laura Hayse 523-5708

• Baker (Valley) (36) Laura Hayse 523-5708

• Ruggs-Hardman (25) Stephen Brownfield 676-9138

• U t o p i a (22) Bruce Hansen (W)754-4597

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The Future of Oregon Christmas Bird Counts Alan Contreras, 101 Amador #29, Jefferson City, MO 65109

Oregon once again produced plenty of CBCs i n 1988-89, and by and large, they were wel l - run and produced useful results. There are some issues w o r t h discussing, however, about w h a t the CBC is now and w h a t i t may be i n the future . These issues fa l l into some general categories, perhaps best described as accuracy, accessibility, and support. I w i l l discuss each of these, and I would enjoy hear ing from readers or seeing further discussion i n these pages about the fu ture of Oregon Christmas B i r d Counts.

C o u n t Usefulness Counts are useful only to the extent tha t they are accurate. The f i r s t

level of accuracy is whether birds reported by f ie ld teams are correctly identified. To a large extent th i s question is unresolvable because no one watches the counters, and indeed, who would evaluate the evaluators? Fortunately, most counters are interested i n correctly identi fying birds or they would not be counting, and the potential problem of misidentif ied birds is m i n i m a l i n most cases. There are enough exceptions, however, that some caution must be used i n using CBC data.

For example, older counts on the coast tended to over-report H e r r i n g Gulls, as less experienced observers using early f ield guides mis ident i fied the paler (and usually non-il lustrated) nor thern form of Western Gul l and Western Gul l X Glaucous-winged G u l l hybr id . There is also a b lurry edge between reports of Sharp-shinned and Cooper's Hawks and some other species. Really rare birds are usually axed by compilers (the second level of accuracy review) or regional editors (the t h i r d level of review), unless accompanied by sufficient details, b u t review standards and processes vary substantial ly between dif ferent compilers and editors. Some tend to leave i n most questionable birds w i t h notes saying "poor details" or the l ike ; others are more l ike ly to simply excise such species.

A related matter is correction of erroneous published count reports. Typographical or editing errors can cause numbers and species names to change, but many compilers never proof published records against copies of the i r original counts. To provide an i l lus t ra t i on , I prepared a report of 5 counts t h a t appeared i n Oregon Birds Vol . 13 No. 4, and yet failed to notice u n t i l publ ication that I had entered "1 Saw-whet O w l "


instead of "2" for the Florence count. To make matters worse, I was compiler of t h a t count, and most embarrassing of a l l , I was the observer who found both owls. So even people in t imate ly fami l iar w i t h count data need to be careful to review published records.

Likewise, reports t h a t are published and then discovered to have been incorrect need to be corrected i n future issues of the appropriate publication. For another personal example, on the 1976 Coos Bay CBC I reported a Thick-bi l led M u r r e , which is w h a t I thought the b i rd was at the t ime. The count compiler, the American Birds regional editor and the Oregon B i r d Records Committee a l l accepted the record based on my drawing and notes. I n 1987, however, the OBRC reviewed the record i n l i ght of new information on murre identif ication and decided t h a t i t was an immature Common Murre . This correction and any others l ike i t need to be published so t h a t the w r i t t e n record is accurate.

I f counts are to have any use to anyone other t h a n as a f ie ld t r i p for local observers, they must be published. Ongoing disagreements about the count fee notwithstanding, compilers need to arrange to publish counts somewhere so t h a t researchers can f ind them. A n abstracted j ourna l such as American Birds or Oregon Birds is obviously the best choice, as the data then becomes available nationwide, even worldwide. I have had requests for articles I wrote for Oregon Birds f rom East Germany, Austra l ia , Iceland, Great B r i t a i n , Czechoslovakia and Japan, as wel l as from many U.S. locations.

Compilers who operate "unofficial" counts t h a t are nonetheless conducted w i t h i n the standard format should arrange for them to be published. Some counts are r u n "unofficially" for a whi le before publishing , and the older data j u s t flaps away into the night . Compilers of such counts should gather the older data and make i t available through state journals such as Oregon Birds or Washington Birds.

C o u n t C r e a t i o n , T e r m i n a t i o n , a n d A l t e r n a t i o n Oregon has conducted Christmas B i r d Counts since 1912, when

Eugene, Corvallis, and M u l i n o conducted counts. Counts come and go, and circles get wiggled around from t ime to t ime , but i n general the trend is toward more counts. When should a count be started? When should one be terminated?

Counts are started because people w a n t to attend them. For the most part , counts are terminated when interest wanes to the point where the compiler can no longer drum up enough bodies to get the job done. Counts are rarely snuffed on purpose whi le they seem healthy. The tendency to start new counts without k i l l i n g old ones is f ine as long as there are enough observers to go around, because the end result is more birds being counted i n more places by more people.

A problem arises, however, when new counts are started i n an area and have the effect of drawing observers out of established counts tha t


nonetheless attempt to stay active. This can produce 2 marginal counts stra ining to cover their areas instead of 1 thoroughly covered area. This is not a major problem i n some areas, e.g. parts of eastern Oregon, because counts are far enough apart and have enough local base to face less date competition. Western Oregon and Washington, however, now contain a large number of counts and the observer base is becoming stretched.

One possible way to accommodate more counts than the observer base can handle is to alternate certain counts f rom year to year. This would allow counts to have more observers and cover their areas more thoroughly, but would mean, of course, t h a t the data stream for a given count would be broken up.

Anyone contemplating s tar t ing a new count or continuing a mar ginal one should consider whether the area is important to census relative to other areas. M y sense of the order of importance of CBC areas is as follows.

1 . Areas w i t h large concentrations of birds, e.g. waterfowl, raptors. 2. Areas i n regions or habitats not adequately covered. 3. Areas w i t h special-interest species, e.g. Spotted Owl , Red-shoul

dered Hawk. 4. Areas covered by local observers. There is no reason to discontinue a count i n category 4 unless i t

simply runs out of people and can no longer cover i t s area. Note t h a t I do not mention the avai labi l i ty of observers for the f i rs t 3 categories. That is the hidden variable dr iv ing any consideration of the above priorities. New counts should be started when they can be supported, but some thought should go into whether exist ing counts i n the same region are adequately supported. For some specific ideas about the process of s tar t ing new counts, see my del ightful article "The A r t of the Christmas B i r d Count" i n Oregon Birds 12(3): 192-202, Fa l l 1986.

N e w C o u n t s Needed A glance at the Oregon CBC map shows t h a t the state is apparently

very wel l covered by counts. There are counts i n every major vegetation zone of the state except the h i g h Cascades and h i g h elevation areas i n eastern Oregon, where w inter access is dif f icult . Some areas, however, need either new CBCs or improved coverage. The Oregon areas most i n need of new or improved CBC coverage are as follows, i n order of pr i o r i ty based on m y assessment of the status of CBC coverage i n Oregon:

1 . Coquille Valley f rom Bandon to Coquille. This area contains perhaps the largest concentration of waterfowl, raptors, and shorebirds not censused i n the state.

2. Ontario-Vale-Nyssa area. This is a good waterfowl, raptor, and gallinaceous b i r d area w i t h open water a l l winter . Large numbers of goldeneyes, Water Pipits , American Tree Sparrows, and other species


can sometimes be found here. Improved C o v e r a g e Needed Improved coverage is needed i n most places, of course, but there are

logistical problems w i t h gett ing more observers to, say, H a r t Mountain . A n d i t is inherently di f f icult to attract observers to such counts as Upper Nestucca, that have l i t t l e species variety . There are, however, a few counts tha t have lots of birds, are w o r t h continuing, seem to have birders nearby, and need more help. M y candidates for Most Deserving of More Support are:

1 . Port Orford. This count is the most under-attended and underappreciated on the coast. I t gets only marginal observer support most years. I t contains 2 species near the edge of their regular range i n Oregon (Black Phoebe and Red-shouldered H a w k ) and a great variety of species. Check the 1981 results for an idea of w h a t is possible here w i t h a good t u r n o u t of experienced observers. T h a t year there were 136 species, inc luding Brown Pelican, Turkey V u l t u r e , Red-shouldered Hawk, 2 Soras, a jaeger, 4 flavors of alcid, a Selasphorus hummingb i rd , 2 Black and 2 Say's Phoebes, a Northern Mockingbird , and 2 Lapland Long-spurs. I n 1 year! More Coos Bay and southern inter ior birders need to support this count, our only functioning south coast count.

2. Forest Grove. This count covers some of the nicer parts of the northern Wil lamette Valley but remains under-attended, probably because Portland area birders are t r y i n g to support 6 counts, which is too many to be done thoroughly. This count should either be better supported, terminated gracefully, or alternated year by year w i t h another Portland-supported count such as Columbia Estuary or Hood River.

3. Columbia Estuary. A l l right, the weather is usually awful , but what's new? This count suffers from being lower on most birders' lists t h a n Til lamook or Sauvie Island, but i t real ly needs more help to be done as thoroughly as i t deserves to be. Aga in , i t should be better supported, terminated or alternated.

4. Hood River. This is one of the most l i t t l e -known b i rd ing areas i n Oregon, and would l ike ly have remained even less known except for the admirable efforts of Dav id A. Anderson, Donna J . Lusthoff, and others to glue another CBC onto the schedule of Port land birders. I t ' s a more important count to m a i n t a i n than Forest Grove because of i t s special location, but m i g h t be considered an a l ternat ing partner . This count should not be terminated.

C o u n t s to R e s t a r t 1 . Lincoln City . This is an excellent location for a count, and the 1

published count found piles of birds (137 species) w i t h few observers. Birders i n nearby areas, especially Yaquina Bay, should consider sup-


port ing th i s count i f observer availabil ity allows. 2. Gold Beach. This count found a lot ofbirds for several years, and

as C u r r y County birders increase i n numbers, consideration should be given to restart ing i t .

C o u n t s to L e t L i e Three additional Oregon counts have quietly faded i n the past dozen

years—Prinevi l le , Cottage Grove and Oakridge. A l l were conducted for enough years to establish a solid data base for anyone interested i n the areas, and observer interest is unlikely to pick up any time soon, a t least for the 2 Lane County counts. Central Oregon seems to be producing more t h a n i ts share of birders these days, so perhaps there w i l l someday be an interest i n restart ing Prineville.

Christmas Counts provide one of the best sources of quanti tat ive information on Oregon's birds, and every effort should be made to conduct them carefully and w i t h an eye toward the importance of good coverage and new opportunities.

• 0

Continued from next page.

W i l l a r d A. E l l i o t , author of the 1923 book, Birds of the Pacific Coast, E a r l A M a r s h a l l , and Haro ld S. Gilbert seem to have been the pr inc ipal compilers. Participants on early Portland b i r d counts included H.T. Bohlman, Leo Simon, Ar l i e Seaman, Francis Twin ing , Clyde Kel ler , I r a N . Gabrielson, J.C. Bra ly , Ed Aver i l l , W i l l i a m H . Crowell, H . M . D u Bois, B.A. Thaxter , Stanley G. Jewett , many of them prominent as officers of the Audubon Society.


A Short History of Early Oregon Christmas Bird Counts George Jobanek, 2730Alder, Eugene, OR 97405

Oregon's f i r s t Christmas b i rd counts were the Corvall is , Eugene, and Mul ino counts i n December 1912 — 12 years after Frank M . Chapman started the annual winter census. On Christmas day, Harr ie t W. Thomson found 15 species and 377 individuals i n 2 hours at Eugene. The next day, A J . Stover counted 17 species and 699 individuals at Corvallis. On a cold, foggy day at Mul ino , Alex Walker , j u s t having moved to Oregon f rom South Dakota, and Er ich J . D ie t r i ch , listed 22 species and 441 individuals . They reported hearing 1 Pine Grosbeak.

The 1912 count was the last count at Eugene u n t i l 1942, and at Corvallis u n t i l 1962, b u t Alex Walker repeated his M u l i n o count the next year ( w i t h Donald E. Brown), then counted a t Til lamook i n 1915 and at Netarts i n 1920. Other early counts published i n Bird-Lore include Forest Grove (1913, then not again u n t i l 1983), Salem (1916, then not again u n t i l 1963), M u l t n o m a h (1917-1918), Sodaville (1918), Monmouth (1921-1923), Medford (1932, then not again u n t i l 1953), K l a m a t h Falls (1935, then not again u n t i l 1948), Ashland (1939-1940), Malheur Nat ional Wildli fe Refuge (f irst count 1939, w i t h many years missed i n the 1940s and 1950s), L a Grande (1941), and K l a m a t h Bas in (1944). Alex Walker repeated his Netarts count i n 1935 and counted there w i t h his son Kenneth i n 1936 and 1938. Alex, Kenneth, and Peter Walker repeated the Ti l lamook count i n 1939.

The grande dame of Oregon Christmas b i rd counts is the Portland count. On 27 December 1915, Tom McCamant, Jack Dougherty, and W i l l i a m Brewster, J r . , found 17 species and 432 individuals on the f i rst Portland census. From then to the present, there have been only 3 years (1924,1925, and 1932) when no Portland count was published (the 1928-31 counts were published not i n the Christmas count section, but "The Season" section of Bird-Lore). I n some early years there was more than one count i n the Port land area. A young g i r l , M a r y Raker, made several early counts, sometimes accompanied by her father, W i l l i a m S. Raker, active i n the Port land G i r l Scout movement, and her friends. The number of count partic ipants increased markedly when the very active Oregon (later Portland) Audubon Society became the count's sponsor. Continued on previous page.


BOOK R E V I E W : Atlas of Wintering North American Birds Alan Contreras, 101 Amador #29, Jefferson City, MO 65109

Atlas of Wintering North American Birds; An Analysis of Christmas Bird Count Data, by Terry Root. University of Chicago Press, 11030 South Langley Avenue, Chicago, I L 60628, 1988, softcover $35.00, hardcover $60.00.

I feel about Terry Root's Atlas the same way I felt after seeing the movie version of Frank Herbert's masterpiece, Dune. The effort is heroic and the special effects occasionally wonderful, but the outcome ranges from barely usable to quite bad, and the overall package is therefore a very questionable buy. Yet I 'm glad to have i t because there is really nothing else l ike i t . The book consists of maps and text for most species found on U.S. and southern Canadian CBCs, and comes w i t h plastic overlay maps showing count locations, political boundaries, latitude and longitude, elevation, vegetation class, average min imum January temperature and frost-free period, mean annual precipitation, humidity and National Wildlife Refuge locations.

The author admits i n her introduction that the attempt to publish computer-drawn maps of winter bird ranges is imperfect, and even describes i n useful detail some of the problems and how she attempted to deal wi th them. This disclaimer makes the maps at least an honest attempt at showing early-winter b i rd distribution. Also, the text is fu l l of often fascinating tidbits from Bent or other sources. Unfortunately, there are too many glitches to make the book what i t wants to be, and the idea of i t being used as a research tool and cited i n purportedly legitimate studies gives me The Fear.

The book includes only CBC data available from the data entry project run by Carl Bock of the University of Colorado. That data is only from counts conducted from 1962 through 1971, so i t does not include, for example, data from any Oregon coastal count except Tillamook Bay, w i th consequent gaps i n winter ing patterns of Black-crowned Night-Heron, Wil let , Marbled Godwit, Black Phoebe and other species found more regularly on more southerly CBCs. I t likewise shows a woefully outdated range for Black-shouldered Kite .

The mapping software produced odd range expansions and distortions for many species, and i n some cases the author makes note of this i n the


accompanying text. I n other cases she seems to believe what the maps tell Iter and issues unfortunate statements, e.g. the Williamson's Sapsucker's wi nter range is "scattered throughout the regions west of the Cascades near Kugene, Oregon," based most likely on some quirk of the software and an old vagrant on the Eugene CBC, and "the Northwestern Crow can be found in the mountains along the Pacific Coast from slightly north of Eugene, Oregon Bear i n mind that the latter creative range extension is most likely based on a couple of old records from the Tillamook Bay CBC, and note the author's conversion of Northwestern Crow from a fishpecker to a mountain dweller. I see no excuse for such lack of text review even i f the maps can't be made more accurate.

There are other oddities, such as an attempt to tie range to elevation by stuffing contour data into the program. This results is such statements as the Common Raven "basically occurs only i n areas at least 5000 feet above Hea level." The House Wren and Sedge Wren map and text include disjunct wintering populations i n the Columbia basin and elsewhere i n the west. Although the author admits that CBC data is not always reliable, no attempt seems to have been made to ask regional birders whether mapped ranges were even close to correct. Admittedly, part of the problem is due to lax count editing, but that's a problem only for rarities, not for Common Ravens.

The maps are produced i n 2 formats, contour and fishnet. The contour maps are more or less readable, the fishnet maps are hard to use. They are intended to be " r e l i e f maps, and look l ike fishnet dropped over a sand castle, thus showing higher abundance areas. Unfortunately, the peaks are necessarily offset i n order to be visible, and thus all seem to lean northward, overshadowing whatever is behind them.

The mapping software also could not correct for i rrupt ive peaks or very Hmall or large numbers of individuals, so these maps (for 96 species!) are put i n an appendix. Since the author warned us about the problems, and maps could have been labeled somehow, they should have been left w i t h the others.

So let the buyer beware. I find myself fascinated at the ranges of species about which I know l i t t l e , then mentally scrambling back to reality by saying to myself " i f the data is this peculiar i n areas I know, it 's probably that way everywhere," and then wondering what purpose the book can serve. I have come to the reluctant conclusion that i t w i l l be mainly a conversation piece, although i t probably maps the ranges of common Hpedes reasonably well . Twenty years from now birders may look on each other's bookshelves and say "Oh, you have an old Root atlas. Fascinating thing, too bad I can't use i t for anything."

M y final reactions to the book are that I have made the r ight choice i n l>eing a picky CBC editor, and that CBC data should not be used loosely without oversight by someone familiar w i t h the regions to be covered.


Correlating Winter Abundance With C B C Data Greg Gillson, 1884 N.E. 10th, Hillsboro, OR 97124

I have always thought i t would be great to have a book on Oregon birds which would map out summer and winter range and abundance. To find a part icular species, look at the map and pick out the area where i t is most abundant, go there and t ry to find i t . I f you found a species you thought was unusual for the area, look at the map and see i f i t is expected there.

There are several factors prohibit ing such a project. The foremost is tha t we s t i l l don't know enough about the status of species i n many of the more remote areas, i.e., areas removed f rom centers of the b i rd ing community. Few breeding b i r d censuses have been conducted i n Oregon, and, as a rule , most counties lack an official checklist.

W i t h a dedicated effort by a majority of Oregon's birders, though, i t would be possible to create pre l iminary county lists. Combining personal county lists w i t h a check of the l i terature and the checklists of refuges and parks, a good start could be made i n determining range.

The current local and state lists don't even agree on what to call the various divisions of abundance, or what the defining boundaries are. What is "Common," w h a t is "Rare"? Is Occasional more, or less common than Rare? Some lists base status on average species numbers, while other checklists give the status as the highest number of individuals ever encountered. U n t i l these un i t s are standardized, we get only a rough idea of w h a t a particular status really means.

By using birds per p a r t y hour as a means of normalizing Christmas B i r d Count (CBC) data, w in ter abundance of birds becomes numerical instead of semantic. The challenge is correlating these labels t h a t we use. Fortunately a start has been made. Most of the abundance status definitions agree on a numerical definition of Uncommon: "0-9 birds per day," "1-10 birds per day," or "present, b u t not certain to be seen." Common starts at 10 or more birds per day.


Status Birds per hour Extremely Common >100 Very Common 10-99 Common 1-9 Uncommon .1-.9 Occasional .01-.09 Rare .001-.009 Very Rare .0001-.0009 Extremely Rare <.00009

I f a "day" is defined as 10 hours, then Uncommon ranges from .10 to .99 birds per hour (bph), or 1 to 9 birds per day. Common starts at 1.0 bph, or 10 per day. Some checklists define Very Common as 50 or more birds per day. B u t i f Very Common is defined as 100 or more birds per day, Common becomes 1.0 to 9.9 bph.

These convenient orders of magnitude actually work very well into the labels of status we have been us ing for years. Occasional can be .01 to .09 bph. Rare can be .001 to .009 bph. One checklist defines Rare as 5 or fewer birds per season. We can stretch out a season to 100 days of 10 hours each, and the above def init ion becomes .005 bph, which f i ts r i ght into the middle of the numeric definition of Rare.

The fol lowing chart summarizes the relationships:

Birds/ Birds/ Birds/ Birds/ Birds/ Century Decade Season Day Hour

Extremely Common >1000 >100

Very Common 100-999 10-99

Common 10-99 1-9

Uncommon 1-9

Occasional 10-99

Rare 1-9

Very Rare 1-9

Extremely Rare 1-9

O R E G O N BIRDS 15(4): 253, Winter 1989

I n order to provide accuracy for the less abundant species, more party hours are needed. A t least 100 hours are needed for Rare, 1000 hours for Very Rare, and 10,000 hours of data to determine Extremely Rare. For instance, 1 b i r d i n 95 hours is .010 bph which is Occasional. B u t 1 b i r d i n 105 hours is .009 bph which is Rare. By averaging the number of individuals seen per party hour over a number of years, a fa i r ly accurate picture of abundance emerges.

W h a t is the m i n i m u m number of counts and party hours necessary to provide an accurate accounting? Obviously the more counts, the more accurate the average. B u t based on the data I have collected so far , most averages do not change much after 3 years and a m i n i m u m of200 hours of data. To really separate Rare from Very Rare, about 2000 hours are needed. Counts average about 50 party hours, so 40 years of data would be needed to distinguish the really rare species. B u t 10 years of data w i l l give good results to even poorly attended counts, while counts l ike Eugene may have more t h a n 1400 hours i n 10 years.

Does this mean t h a t new counts w i t h less t h a n 3 years of data, or counts w i t h less t h a n the desired 200 m i n i m u m hours are useless? No, but care must be used i n reaching conclusions based on those counts. These counts can be used to establish a winter range, but abundance may not be as accurate as one would like.

A common objection to using CBC data is the chance for mis ident i -f ication of some species. I f the count compiler questions the identificat i on , or simply puts "[no detai ls—ED]," one m i g h t be tempted to delete those f rom consideration. B u t "[good detai ls]" doesn't mean a species was correctly identif ied, either. And what about similar species which are both present? H e r r i n g Gul l identified as Western G u l l , or Sharp-shinned Hawk counted as Cooper's Hawk can be problems. Not only does the birds per hour get averaged over t ime , b u t so does the expertise of the birders. Some edit ing of the data must be done, but realize t h a t CBCs are only a tool to get a basic census. One must understand t h a t us ing the average birds per hour does not account for owling t ime, or feeder watching, vagaries of weather, or cyclic i r rupt ions of some species.

Rather t h a n indicat ing absolute abundance, the average birds per hour indicate the chances of detecting a species under CBC conditions— namely, v i s i t ing a l l habitats i n the count circle, not concentrating on any one species. I f you were to look for a part icular species, then you would select the proper hab i ta t to search and correct t ime of day. You would probably f ind t h a t your birds per hour would be better t h a n those of average CBCs. For these above reasons I have elected to include count week species as 1 ind iv idua l . I n counts w i t h more years and hours of data, count week species makes l i t t l e difference. B u t i n counts w i t h lesser amounts of data, count week species can help keep up the average dur ing the early years of a count, u n t i l more data helps determine the actual status.


I am now close to realizing h a l f of my dream book. E n t e r i n g the data from the CBCs recorded i n American Birds into m y personal computer, mid using software I have w r i t t e n , I can produce maps and p r i n t abundance data of Oregon's CBCs. I t is also possible to note changes i n abundance over t ime. Using counts which have long histories, I can compare birds per hour of earlier years w i t h more recent years. The computer doesn't m i n d staying up a l l n ight gathering information from years' wor th of CBCs , performing the m a t h of d iv id ing tota l individuals into total party hours, and w r i t i n g i t a l l down for me. I t can give me a list of a l l species t h a t have increased or decreased. B u t I need "more i nput," more count data from past and recent years. Thus far I have the years 1976-1983, excluding1980, entered. Even w i t h only 7 years of data there are interest ing results from hav ing data "graphed" out i n the form of a map. The fol lowing article is an example of what can be learned from CBC data.

0

Christmas Bird Count Data Reveals Patterns in Winter Gull Distribution in Oregon Greg Gillson, 1884 N.E. 10th, Hillsboro, OR 97124

One of the mysteries of b ird d istr ibut ion t h a t has puzzled me for years is t h a t of i n l a n d winter g u l l d istr ibut ion i n Oregon. I started birding i n the Albany/Corvallis area. The only gu l l which could be considered as common was the Ring-bil led Gul l . A n y other gu l l was a noteworthy sighting. B u t visits to Port land i n the winter showed me a different picture. I n Portland, while Ring-billed Gu l l was also common, Glaucous-winged, California, and Mew Gulls were even more common.

I had guessed t h a t these gulls were coming upr iver from the coast and there were more gulls i n Port land than i n Corvallis because Portland is closer to the coast by means of the Columbia River. B u t this explanation, while perhaps satisfactory for overall gu l l numbers, does not explain the change i n species rat io and species composition between


the nor th valley and the south valley. By carefully examining several years of Christmas B i r d Count

(CBC) data, a pattern of g u l l d i s t r ibut ion emerges which provides ins ight into the change i n species composition. By mapping the abundance, i t is easier to see the relationships, b u t new questions are posed which couldn't be asked before this pat tern was discerned.

The following chart shows abundance of gulls i n decreasing order for various locations i n the Wil lamette Valley based on birds per party hour.

Portland/Sauvie Is. Salem Eugene Gl-w 18.1 = VC Cal 14.7 = VC R-b 5.6 = C Cal 5.7 = C R-b 14.4 = VC Cal 1.1 = C Mew 3.8 = C Gl-w 5.6 = C Gl-w 1.0 = C R-b 2.7 = C Herr 2.0 = C Herr .26 = U Herr 1.8 = C Mew 1.4 = C Thay .073 = 0 Thay 1.5 = C Thay .94 = U Mew .020 = 0 West .086 = 0 West .011 = 0 West .011 = 0 Glauc .020 = 0 Glauc .0061 = R Glauc .0032 = R

A pattern of winter d is tr ibut ion is apparent, as the maps show. And the pat tern is closely t ied to the breeding range.

The northern and arctic nesting gulls (Mew, Herr ing , Thayer's, and Glaucous) are most prevalent on the coast and Willamette River f rom the Columbia south to Salem. Counts i n the Wil lamette Valley away from the Wil lamette River south of Salem rarely record these gul ls . Eugene has afew, but there are no CBC records for the Umpqua or Rogue valleys and most of eastern Oregon. Interestingly, a l l 4 of these gul ls occur regularly at Klamath .

The Oregon coastal nesting species (Western and Glaucous-winged) are very common on the coast and are found from Portland to Eugene. These gulls evidently follow the Columbia River to the Wi l lamette . The Western Gul l is restricted to this pattern as are the majority of Glaucous-winged Gulls, becoming more uncommon on the Wi l lamette toward Eugene. However, Glaucous-winged is found i n the Wi l lamette Valley also away from the r iver , and i n the Umpqua and Rogue Valleys, and at K l a m a t h . This may indicate a secondary movement fo l lowing smaller streams through the coast range.

The t h i r d group, wh i ch is California and Ring-billed Gulls , nest i n eastern Oregon (and far ther east and northeast). CBC data shows their center of abundance i n w i n t e r to be i n Salem. They are also common on the coast and occur from t ime to time on most eastern Oregon counts.

This might seem to indicate that perhaps they migrate down the


Columbia to Port land and then spread out, except for a couple of curious factors. F i rs t , the Columbia Estuary CBC records fewer of these gulls than anywhere else on the coast. Second, Salem records more of these pulls than Port land and Sauvie Is land. This could indicate a pr imary migration route over the Cascades from K l a m a t h , Lake, and Harney counties. Perhaps there are enough band returns to indicate the pr imary breeding location of these winter ing gulls. I f most bred i n K l a m a t h marshes, then an over-Cascade route would seem l ike ly , but i f a signifi cant portion come from eastern Washington, then the Columbia River route would make the most sense.

I had been warned that some south-coastal counts may have Western Gulls misidentif ied as H e r r i n g Gulls. Indeed the data I have collected does show H e r r i n g Gul l to be more common on the south coast than on the nor th coast. Of course, the northern Wi l lamette Valley has Herr ing Gul l as Common also. B u t the fact t h a t Western Gul l is Very Common on the n o r t h coast, but drops to Common on the south coast, could indicate misidentification.

0

A Columbia Estuary R Oakridge B Tillamook Bay S Roseburg-Sutherlin C Yaquina Bay T Grants Pass D Florence U Medford E Coos Bay V Utopia F PortOrford w Antelope G Gold Beach X Bend H Sauvie Island Y Klamath Falls I Portland Z Hart Mountain

J Forest Grove a Ruggs-Hardman K Upper Nestucca b John Day L Dallas c Sod House

M Salem d Malheur N.W.R. N Corvallis e Union County 0 Alma-Upper Siuslaw I Wallowa County P Eugene g Baker Q Cottage Grove h Baker County


OREGON BIRDS 15(4): 258, Winter 1989 O R E G O N BIRDS 15(4): 259, Winter 1989

OREGON BIRDS 15(4): 260, Winter 1989 OREGON BIRDS 15(4): 261, Winter 1989

Birdathon for Malheur Field Station Through the years most 0F0 members have had the opportunity to stay at Malheur Held Station In the heart of Malheur N.W.R. For many of us our visits to Malheur are a focal point of the birding year. Butthe Station, private since July1988, is having short-term difficulties meeting operating costs. To help, Mark Smith is conducting a Birdathon for Malheur while he is in Costa Rica, 11-21 December1989. Many of Malheur's birds winter in Costa Rica. OFO members wishing to sponsor Mark can write him with a pledge. He expects to see about 300 birds. Ten cents per bird would be about #30, etc Donations are tax-deductible. When he returns to Oregon, he will send sponsors a report about his effort. Pledges and checks (made out to 'Malheur Field Station") should be sent to Mark Smith, Malheur Birdathon, 2421 N.W. Quimby, Portland, OR 97210.

Let's join in helping Mark keep Malheur Field Station open for years to come!!


Report of the Oregon Bird Records Committee —1988-89 Tom Staudt, Secretary, Oregon Bird Records Committee, 2223 N.E.

9th Avenue, Portland OR 97215

Editor 's Note : Clarice Watson's last report as Secretary of the OBRC appeared a t OB 14(4): 337-46,1988. Tom Staudt was appointed OBRC's t h i r d Secretary on 8 A p r i l 1989. This report was s tar ted and updated by Clarice u n t i l Tom became Secretary.

From October 1988 to October 1989, the Oregon B i r d Records Committee (OBRC) completed reviews of 96 reports submitted by 43 observers of 40 species. Of these, 83 percent were accepted. Last year, 79 records were submitted of which 86 percent were accepted. Interest ingly, 45 percent of the reports d u r i n g this r epor t ing period came f r o m Harney County.

Most records th is year were f rom single reporters, although more observers often were present. Twenty reports had more t h a n 1 reporter.

Two species were added to the Oregon checklist — Garganey was accepted as veri f ied and Sprague's P ip i t was accepted as a m u l t i p l e report s ight ing. Boreal Owl was accepted for the f i r s t t ime as veri f ied. Two accepted reports of Short-tai led Albatross, 1 f r o m 1963 off L inco ln Co. and 1 f rom 1978 off Clatsop Co., puts th is species back on the state l i s t after i t s removal last year.

In format ion presented below for each species includes location of sighting, number of birds, sex and age i f known , special in format ion (such as collection and museum number) , and date(s), i n i t i a l s of observer(s) s u b m i t t i n g w r i t t e n or other evidence for accepted records (italics indicates discovery of the b ird ) , the OBRC record file number , and a notat ion for the f i rs t veri f ied Oregon record. The OBRC record f i le number reads as follows: the f i r s t 3 digits are the A O U number for the species, the second 2 are the year i n which the record was observed, and the last numbers are the consecutive numbers for the records as they are accessioned by the OBRC. M a n y observers are indicated by "m.ob." and


several by "et a l . " The members of the OBRC for 1989 are Tom Crabtree, Jeff Gi l l igan,

Steve He in l , David Irons , J i m Johnson, L a r r y McQueen, H a r r y Nehls, Owen Schmidt, and Steve Summers. The alternates are J i m Carlson, A l a n McGie, Bob O'Brien, Linda Wei land, and Tom Staudt.

The OBRC thanks the following organizations for hav ing made f inancial contributions i n the past year to help w i t h expenses: Cape Arago Audubon Society, Lane County Audubon Society, Port land Audubon Society, Grande Ronde B i r d Club, K l a m a t h Bas in Audubon Society, Salem Audubon Society, U m p q u a Valley Audubon, Corvallis Audubon Society, Central Oregon Audubon, Southern Wi l lamette O r n i thological Club, and Florence Audubon Society.

I would l ike to t h a n k past OBRC Secretary Clarice Watson and OBRC member J i m Johnson for their in format ion and advice.

RECORDS ACCEPTED

Yel low-bi l led L o o n 008-86-18 Siletz Bay, Lincoln Co., 1 i n winter plumage on 16

January 1986 (PP).

Short - ta i led A l b a t r o s s 082-61-03 Pelagic t r i p 32 miles west of Yachats, Linco ln Co., 1

immature on 11 December 1961 (BW). I n : Condor 65: 163, M a r c h 1963.

082-78-04 20 miles southwest of the Columbia River Bar , Clatsop Co., 1 immature i n June 1978 (CSc, fide PM) .

Mottled P e t r e l 099-87-06 Boiler Bay, Lincoln Co., 1 on 10 December 1987 {JJo et

al.).

Magnificent F r i g a t e b i r d 128-87-05 Newport , Lincoln Co., 1 adul t male on 18 August 1987

(M&MD). 128-87-06 Port land, Mul tnomah Co., 1 immature on 4 June 1987

(JG).


Garganey 139.2-88-01 Nehalem sewage ponds, Tillamook Co., 1 i n basic p l u m

age 17-19 September 1988 (photos by J Jo, SH, m.ob.). F i r s t verified state record.

Tufted D u c k 149.1-88-07 Lake Meares, Bayocean Spit, Ti l lamook Co., 1 adul t

male from 6 February to 19+ M a r c h 1988 (JE, JJo, m.ob.).

149.1-88-08 Warrenton Sewage Ponds, Clatsop Co., 1 adult male on 6 February 1988 (MP, et al.).

149.1-89-09 T w i l i g h t M a r s h , Clatsop Co., 1 maleon28 J a n u a r y l 9 8 9 (MP).

Mountain P l o v e r 281-88-04 On the beach near Tahkenitch Creek, Douglas Co., 1 i n

winter plumage on 23 January 1988 (RM).

Hudsonian G o d w i t 251-88-09 South Jetty of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co., 1 j u v e

nile on 31 August 1988 (MP et al.).

Bar - ta i led G o d w i t 250-87-10 Bandon, Coos Co., 1 adult female f rom 27-30 August

1987 (SH, D I , DHw, photos by JJo, m.ob.); previously published (OB 14(4): 339; add " D H w " after "DI . " ) .

250-88-11 Bandon, Coos Co., 4 i n basic plumage on 14 May 1988 (DF, et al.).

Lit t le St int 242.3-86-02 Bandon, Coos Co., 1 juvenile on 12 September 1986

(photos by J G , et.al.).

Costa's H u m m i n g b i r d 430-88-17 Silver Lake, Lake Co., 1 adult male on 22 May 1988

(PrS).

B a r r e d O w l 368-88-09 U m a t i l l a Nat ional Forest, Wallowa Co., 1 on 29 October

1988 (TWet al.) .


368-88-10 U m a t i l l a National Forest, Wallowa Co., 1 on 29 October 1988 (JJo, TW, m.ob.). Located 10 miles from 368-88-09.

B o r e a l O w l 371-88-01 U m a t i l l a National Forest (T6N, R39E, SEC28), Wal

lowa Co., 1 on 17 October 1988 (sound recording by DH). 371-88-02 U m a t i l l a National Forest (T6N, R39E, SEC16/21),

Wal lowa Co., 1 on 29 October 1988 (PSu, photo by TW). Firs t verified state record.

L e a s t F l y c a t c h e r 467-87-12 Fields, Harney Co., 1 s inging b i r d on 25 M a y 1987 (HN,

J E ) . Previously published at OB 14(4): 341 and Rare Birds of Oregon 80; add " J E " after "HN."

467-87-13 Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 on 25 M a y 1987 (JG, photos by TC, m.ob.).

B r o w n T h r a s h e r 705-88-11 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 adu l t on8

June 1988 (photos by DBa, m.ob.).

N o r t h e r n W h e a t e a r

765-88-03 Finley N.W.R., Benton Co., 1 on 1 October 1988 (HGH).

Sprague 's P i p i t 700-88-02 Double O Ranch Road, Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1

on 4 June 1988 (GL, RRo, TSt). F i r s t accepted Oregon record.

V i r g i n i a ' s W a r b l e r 644-88-07 Fields, Harney Co., 1 immature on 17 September 1988

(SH).

N o r t h e r n P a r u l a 648-88-11 Frenchglen, Harney Co., 1 adult male on 29 May 1988

(SH, photos by JJo & DBa, m.ob.). 648-88-12 Fields, Harney Co., 1 male on 28 and 29 May 1988 (JJo,

H N , m.ob.). 648-88-13 Fields, Harney Co., 1 female on 12 and 13 June 1988

(AMc, et a l . , photos by H N ) .


648-88-14 Andrews, Harney Co., 1 on4 June 1988 (photos by DBa) .

Chestnut -s ided Warbler 659-88-19 Indian Ford Campground, Deschutes Co., 1 adult male

on 17 June 1988 (RL). 659-88-20 Benson Pond, Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 on 10

June 1988 (photos by AMc). 659- 88-21 Frenchglen, Harney Co., 1 i n basic plumage 29 Septem

ber to 2 October 1988 (photos by DH, JJo & TW, m.ob.).

Magnolia W a r b l e r 657-87-10 Benson Pond, Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 immature

on 25 and 27 September 1987 (photos by J J o et al.). 657-88-12 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 adult on

28 and 29 May 1988 (SH, H N , photos by DBa, m.ob.).

Black- throated B l u e W a r b l e r 654-88-16 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 male 12-

16 October 1988 (AC, JJo, A M i , T M i , photos by SS). 654-88-17 Fields, Harney Co., 1 male on 27 September 1988 (pho

tos by DH, et al . ) . 654-88-18 Frenchglen, Harney Co., 1 male on 29 September 1988

(photos by D H , et al.) . 654-89-19 Powers, Coos Co., 1 male from 20-29January1989 (DSh,

M E , m.ob.).

Black- throated G r e e n W a r b l e r 667-86-06 Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., a male on 15 June 1986

(PP).

B l a c k b u r n i a n Warbler 662-88-04 Benson Pond, Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 adu l t

male on 29 M a y 1988 (HN, et al.).

Bay-breasted Warbler 660- 88-07 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, H a r n e y Co., 1 on

17 September 1988 (SH).

B l a c k p o l l W a r b l e r 661- 88-20 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 immature

on 4 September 1988 (photos by J J o , m.ob.).


661-88-21 Fern Ridge Reservoir, Lane Co., 1 on 15 September 1988 (SH).

661-88-22 Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 female on 7 June 1988 (photos by DBa).

Rose -breasted G r o s b e a k 595-88-14 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 male on 4

June 1988 (TSt, m.ob.). 595-76-15 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 female on

29 M a y 1976 (SS).

I n d i g o B u n t i n g 598-88-10 Malheur N.W.R. headquarters, Harney Co., 1 on29May

1988 (photos by DBa & JJo, m.ob.).

D i c k c i s s e l 604-88-04 N o r t h Bend, Coos Co., 1 a d u l t m a l e f r o m l 9 M a r c h t o l 8

A p r i l 1988 (BG, photos by JJo, m.ob.). 604-89-06 Manzani ta , Til lamook Co., 1 male on 19 February 1989

(JJo, m.ob.).

R u s t y B l a c k b i r d 509-87-07 Sauvie Is land, M u l t n o m a h Co., 2 winter-plumaged

females 17 - 23 December 1987 (photos by H N and J J o , m.ob.).

C o m m o n G r a c k l e 511-88-06 Page Springs Campground, Harney Co., 1 male on 21

May 1988 (photos by KI, m.ob.).

O r c h a r d Oriole 506-88-03 Toketee Ranger Station, Douglas Co., 1 female 8-10 May

1988 (DF, photos by JMo) .


CONTRIBUTORS

David Bailey Alan Contreras Tom Crabtree Merry L y n n & Mike Denny

( M & M D ) M.S. E l t z r o t h Joe Evanich David F ix Jeff Gi l l igan Barbara Gr i f f in Steve H e i n l Hendrick G. H e r l y n (HGH) David H e r r David Holway (DHw) ** David Irons Kamal I s lam (KI) ** J i m Johnson Gerard L i l l i e (GL) ** Robert Lucas

Ron Maertz (RM) ** PhD Mattocks (PM) Alan McGie Allison & Tom Mickel Jeff Moffett (JMo) Harry Nehls Mike Patterson Phi l Picker ing Robert Rodgers (RRo) ** CarlSchi l t (CSc) Dave Shea (DSh) Tom Staudt ( T S t ) * * Priscilla Summers Steve Summers Tom Winters (TW) Bruce W y a t t (BW) **

** N e w o n a l l - t i m e m a s t e r contributor's l i s t

RECORDS NOT ACCEPTED

Yel low-bi l led L o o n 008-87-15 South j e t ty of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co., 1 on 9

May 1987. Not accepted because an insufficient descript ion was obtained on a bird seen only i n f l ight .

008-88-19 Loon Lake, Douglas Co., 3 birds on 14 February 1988. Photos are inconclusive and w r i t t e n details do not e l i m i nate immature Double-crested Cormorant.

Magnificent F r i g a t e b i r d 128-63-07 Coquille Point, Coos Co., 1 on 26 J u l y 1963. Not enough

details provided.

K i n g E i d e r 162-87-04 South j e t ty of the Siuslaw River, Lane Co., 1 on 1 J u l y

1987. Not accepted because there was insufficient infor-


mat ion to eliminate Common Eider, Sur f Scoter, or White-winged Scoter.

J a p a n e s e Q u a i l 288.6-88-01 Three Creek Meadows, Deschutes Co., 1 i n A u g u s t l 9 8 6 .

Photos showed a juveni le Var ied Thrush .

Rufous -necked S t i n t 242.2-81-03 Bayocean spit, Ti l lamook Co., 1 on 19 and 23 August

1981. This previously-deferred record was not accepted because of insufficient details.

242.2-81-04 Bayocean spit, Ti l lamook Co., 1 on 27 September 1981. This previously-deferred record was not accepted because of insufficient details.

Magnificent H u m m i n g b i r d 426-72-01 Saunders Lake, Coos Co., 1 al l -white b i r d from 2-15

September 1972. This previously-deferred record was not accepted because the motion pictures of this b i rd did not provide sufficient information for accurate ident i f i cation.

Yel low-bel l ied S a p s u c k e r 402-87-06 Catherine Creek State Park, Union Co., 1 on 4 June

1987. Not accepted because details were not sufficient, considering the var iat ion i n plumage of the closely-related sapsucker species.

402-83-07 Frenchglen, Harney Co., 1 on 30 September 1983. Not accepted because details were not sufficient, considering the variat ion i n plumage of the closely-related sapsucker species.

C a p e May W a r b l e r 650-67-03 Malheur N.W.R., Harney Co., 1 on 9 June 1967. I n Auk

90: 682. This previously-deferred record was not accepted because a description of the b i r d was not included i n the publication and could not be obtained.

Clay-colored S p a r r o w 561-87-20 Harbor , Curry Co., 1 on 25 October 1987. Not accepted

because the description did not el iminate Chipping

O R E G O N B I R D S 15(4): 270, Winter 1989

Sparrow.

Chestnut -co l lared L o n g s p u r 538-87-05 South j e t ty of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co., 1 on 6

October 1987. Not accepted because the description d id not eliminate McCown's Longspur.

R u s t y B l a c k b i r d 509-88-08 Sauvie Is land, Mul tnomah Co., 1 adul t on 7 January

1988. Not accepted because the description d id not eliminate Brewer's Blackbird.

509-88-09 Commonwealth Lake, Washington Co., 1 adul t female on 13 March 1988. Not accepted because the description did not el iminate Brewer's B lackbird .

O r c h a r d Orio le 506-87-02 South Beach, Lincoln Co., 1 on 11 November 1987. The

description of th is female d id not el iminate the s imi lar Hooded Oriole.

OTHER ACTION ON RECORDS

H u d s o n i a n Godwit 251-87-08 Summer Lake Wildl i fe Area, Lake Co., 1 juvenile f rom

22 August to 17 September 1987 (SS, REk, C M , m.ob.). The photographs were not accepted but this d id not change the report of the record as l isted i n Rare Birds of Oregon 51 .

Xantus ' Murre let 025-87-05 Boiler Bay State Wayside, Linco ln Co., 1 from 7-8 No

vember 1987 (PM, LW, JJo, m.ob.). The photographs were not accepted but this d id not change the report as listed i n Rare Birds of Oregon 71 .

Phainopepla 620-61 -01 Medford, Jackson Co., 1 on 15 M a r c h 1961. I n Murrelet

47: 76, 1966. Reconsideration was requested but rejected; no change i n status as a record not accepted.

0

O R E G O N B I R D S 15(4): 271, Winter 1989

Malheur County — A Year's List Craig Corder, P.O. Box 1174, Hermiston, OR 97838

After a forgettable year of l i s t ing Wasco County i n 1986,1 decided to t reat myself to a year of exploring Malheur County i n 1987. Since i t is east of Harney County's Malheur N W R , I figured i t would be dripping w i t h eastern warblers. One or 2 new state records seemed assured.

I know now t h a t w h a t Malheur County lacks i n forest i t makes up for w i t h sagebrush. I f therewasaspr ingmigrat i on . Imissed i t . I t w e n t f r o m Cold to Hot very fast and the birds were suddenly at the i r nest sites.

I found a few m i g r a n t shorebirds i n late August but no warbler migrat ion i n the f a l l except for 6 Yellow-rumped Warblers i n a single tree! M y favorite s ight ing was an adul t Peregrine Falcon that came very close while stooping through a mounta in canyon at over 100 mph.

Other noteworthy observations included: apparently-nesting Black-throated and Grasshopper Sparrows n o r t h of the Succor Creek Campground; a Scrub Jay i n Vale 16 November 1987; a flock o f over 50 Rosy Finches near Ironside Mounta in 12 A p r i l 1987; and an adult Glaucous-winged Gul l on the Snake River a t Farewel l Bend 16 November 1987.

I birded 28 days on the following dates: 14-16 February 9-12 A p r i l 16-18 May 24- 31 May 13- 14 June 28-30 August 25- 26 September 14- 16 November

Tony Greager went w i t h me on the February t r i p and my mother, Mar i on Corder, jo ined me on the rest. A l l my sightings were confirmed except for a male Lesser Goldfinch t h a t could not be relocated.

The d i r t roads were only passable when dry or frozen. I f frozen, be careful that i t doesn't thaw before you get out or you may spend the night i n the road w a i t i n g for i t to refreeze. D u r i n g Memoria l Day week I camped i n my t ra i l e r at Succor Creek. One day i t rained almost an inch. The roads were impassable for the next 2 dry days. I have a 4-wheel drive pickup and w i l l never take a car b i rd ing i n Malheur County.

I had almost no previous experience w i t h the county and received no


input f rom other birders except for an Oregon Birds article by Jeff Gil l igan and M a r k S m i t h on the ir 16 June 1978 t r i p to Mahogany Mountains (cf. OB 6(2): 64-67,1980). I found m y only Black-throated Gray Warblers there but could not f ind a Broad-tailed Hummingb i rd . Surprisingly, the top of Mahogany Mountains is private property and now has No Trespassing signs. I would not recommend trespassing i n this county because very irresponsible hunters have caused most l and owners to become very protective. There is a l o t of open B L M land . Detailed maps are sold M o n - F r i at the B L M headquarters i n Vale. Since most d i r t roads do not have signs, maps are necessary.

The fol lowing l i s t shows the degree of di f f iculty i t was for me to locate each species dur ing 1987. I t is far from a perfect representation of the county's birds, b u t i t w i l l give other compulsive l isters some idea of w h a t to expect. M y total was 211 species, a l l of which could have been located much easier i n Harney County.

EASY Hard to miss. FESY Fairly Easy. May take some effort and/or skill . FAIR Not Hard, Not Easy. May require effort, skill and luck. May be

local. Could miss. FHRD Fairly Hard. Extra effort, skill and luck required. Could easily

miss. Hard Only 1 or 2 sightings.

Common Loon F E S Y Pied-billed Grebe E A S Y

Horned Grebe F E S Y E a r e d Grebe E A S Y

Western Grebe E A S Y Clark's Grebe F A I R

American White Pelican F H R D Double-crested Cormorant F E S Y

Great Blue Heron E A S Y Great Egret F A I R

B-crowned Night-Heron F H R D White-faced Ibis F H R D

Tundra Swan E A S Y Trumpeter Swan H A R D

Gr . White-fronted Goose F E S Y Snow Goose F A I R

Canada Goose E A S Y Wood Duck H A R D

Green-wingedTeal E A S Y Mallard E A S Y

Northern Pintail E A S Y Blue-wingedTeal E A S Y

CinnamonTeal E A S Y Northern Shoveler E A S Y

Gadwall E A S Y American Wigeon E A S Y

Canvasback F A I R Redhead E A S Y

Ring-necked Duck E A S Y Greater Scaup H A R D

Lesser Scaup E A S Y Common Goldeneye E A S Y Barrow's Goldeneye F A I R

Bufflehead E A S Y Hooded Merganser F H R D

Common Merganser E A S Y Ruddy Duck E A S Y

TurkeyVulture E A S Y Osprey H A R D

Bald Eagle F H R D Northern Harrier E A S Y

Sharp-shinned Hawk F E S Y Cooper's Hawk F A I R

Northern Goshawk H A R D Swainson'sHawk F E S Y Red-tailed Hawk E A S Y

Ferruginous Hawk F H R D Rough-legged Hawk E A S Y

Golden Eagle E A S Y American Kestrel E A S Y

Merlin H A R D Peregrine Falcon H A R D


Prairie Falcon F E S Y Gray Partridge F A I R

C h u k a r E A S Y Ring-necked Pheasant E A S Y

Blue Grouse H A R D Sage Grouse F H R D

California Quail E A S Y Virginia R a i l F E S Y

Sora F E S Y American Coot E A S Y Sandhil l Crane F E S Y

Semipalmated Plover H A R D Killdeer E A S Y

Black-necked Stilt F H R D American Avocet E A S Y

GreaterYellowlegs F E S Y Lesser Yellowlegs F E S Y

Solitary Sandpiper H A R D Willet E A S Y

Spotted Sandpiper E A S Y Long-billed Curlew F E S Y

Sanderling H A R D Semipalmated Sandpiper F A I R

Western Sandpiper E A S Y Least Sandpiper E A S Y

Baird's Sandpiper E A S Y Pectoral Sandpiper F A I R

Long-billed Dowitcher F E S Y Common Snipe E A S Y

Wilson's Phalarope E A S Y Red-necked Phalarope F A I R

Bonaparte's Gul l F A I R Ring-billed G u l l E A S Y California G u l l E A S Y

Glaucous-winged G u l l H A R D Caspian T e r n E A S Y

Forster*8Tern F A I R Black T e r n F A I R Rock Dove E A S Y

Mourning Dove E A S Y FlammulatedOwl F A I R

Western Screech-Owl F A I R Great Horned Owl E A S Y

Northern Pygmy-Owl H A R D Burrowing Owl F A I R

Long-eared Owl F H R D Short-eared Owl F E S Y

Northern Saw-whet Owl H A R D Common Nighthawk E A S Y

Common Poorwill F E S Y White-throated Swift E A S Y

Blk-chnd Hummingbird F A I R Calliope Hummingbird F A I R

Rufous Hummingbird F E S Y Belted Kingfisher E A S Y

Lewis'Woodpecker F A I R Red-naped Sapsucker F E S Y

Williamson's Sapsucker H A R D

Downy Woodpecker E A S Y Hairy Woodpecker F H R D

Northern F l icker E A S Y Olive-sided Flycatcher H A R D Western Wood-Pe wee F E S Y

Willow Flycatcher F H R D Hammond's Flycatcher F A I R

Dusky Flycatcher F E S Y Gray Flycatcher F E S Y

Say's Phoebe E A S Y Ash-throated Flycatcher F H R D

Western Kingbird E A S Y Eastern Kingbird F E S Y

Horned L a r k E A S Y Tree Swallow E A S Y

Violet-green Swallow E A S Y Rough-winged Swallow E A S Y

Bank Swallow E A S Y CliffSwallow E A S Y

B a r n Swallow E A S Y S t e l l e r W a y F E S Y

Scrub J a y H A R D Clark's Nutcracker H A R D

Black-billed Magpie E A S Y American Crow E A S Y Common Raven E A S Y

Black-capped Chickadee E A S Y Mountain Chickadee E A S Y

Bushtit F E S Y Red-breasted Nuthatch F E S Y

White-breasted Nuthatch H A R D Pygmy Nuthatch H A R D

Brown Creeper F H R D Rock Wren F E S Y

Canyon Wren E A S Y House Wren E A S Y

Winter Wren F H R D Marsh Wren E A S Y

American Dipper F A I R Golden-crowned Kinglet F A I R

Ruby-crowned Kinglet F E S Y Western Bluebird F E S Y

Mountain Bluebird F E S Y Townsend's Solitaire E A S Y

H e r m i t T h r u s h F H R D American Robin E A S Y

V a r i e d T h r u s h F H R D Sage Thrasher E A S Y

Water Pipit F A I R Bohemian Waxwing H A R D

CedarWaxwing F E S Y Northern Shrike E A S Y

Loggerhead Shrike E A S Y European Starling E A S Y

SolitaryVireo F E S Y WarblingVireo F E S Y

Orange-crowned Warbler F E S Y Nashville Warbler F A I R


YellowWarbler E A S Y Yellow-rumped Warbler E A S Y

Blk-throated Gray Warbler F A I R Townsend's Warbler F A I R

MacGillivray's Warbler F A I R Common Yellowthroat F E S Y

Wilson's Warbler F E S Y Yellow-breasted Chat F E S Y

WesternTanager F E S Y Black-headed Grosbeak F E S Y

Lazul i Bunting E A S Y Green-tailedTowhee E A S Y

Rufous-sidedTowhee E A S Y American Tree Sparrow H A R D

Chipping Sparrow E A S Y Brewer's Sparrow E A S Y

VesperSparrow E A S Y L a r k Sparrow E A S Y

Black-throated Sparrow H A R D Sage Sparrow H A R D

Savannah Sparrow E A S Y Grasshopper Sparrow H A R D

Fox Sparrow H A R D Song Sparrow E A S Y

Lincoln's Sparrow F A I R White-crowned Sparrow E A S Y

Dark-eyed Junco E A S Y Bobolink H A R D

Red-winged Blackbird E A S Y Western Meadowlark E A S Y

Yellow-headedBlackbird E A S Y Brewer's Blackbird E A S Y

Brown-headed Cowbird E A S Y Northern Oriole E A S Y

Rosy Finch H A R D Cassin's Finch F E S Y

House Finch E A S Y Red Crossbill H A R D

Pine Siskin F A I R Lesser Goldfinch H A R D

American Goldfinch E A S Y Evening Grosbeak F E S Y

House Sparrow E A S Y


County Listing Eleanor A. Pugh, 3050 Coyote Creek Road, Wolf Creek, OR 97497

I've been watching w i t h interest the county l i s t i n g of Oregon birds, as published i n Oregon Birds — and wondering how th is k i n d of b irding could become more meaningful.

There has been a lot of good b i rd ing , fun , and information gained f rom county l i s t ing . I t h i n k it 's great t h a t our expert birders have poked into the lesser-known nooks and corners of our var ied and st i l l - r ich environment to find birds, when and where they can be found. B u t there is l i t t l e intr insic information made available to other users as these results are now being published (see, for example, Summers 1989).

I f those who go afield i n such a variety of areas would cooperate and pool their records, p u t their results together i n some sort of ecological or regional checklist, much more would be gained. Past records, by now, should provide quite a pool of information to draw from. These results need to be pr inted w i t h more information than j u s t a l i s t from the political boundaries of counties.

I particularly l ike the bar graph checklist used by Sawyer and Hunter (1988) for Douglas County. McCaskie et al . (1979) have done this for northern Cali fornia. Some Nat iona l Parks and Nat iona l Wildli fe Refuges now p u t these out. I t is a very useful form at any t ime of the year, and gives an incentive to continue to gather more such information. Also, I understand t h a t a guide to b i rd ing i n the state of Washington is under preparation, w i t h bar graph occurrence charts.

There may be other useful ways to publish b i rd records, but Oregon does not have much information published i n such a useful f ormat—so far.

LITERATURE C I T E D

McCaskie, Guy, Paul DeBenedictis, Richard Erickson & Joseph Morlan. 1979. Birds of Northern California. 84 pages. Golden Gate Audubon Society, Berkeley.

Sawyer, M a r t h a , & Matthew Hunter . 1988. Checklist: Douglas County Coast. Oregon Birds 14(1): 93-106.

Summers, Steve. 1989. 1988 Oregon L is t ing Results. Oregon Birds 15(1): 20-32.

0


Are "Small " Crows along the Oregon Coast Necessarily Northwestern Crows? Range D. Bayer, P.O. Box 1467, Newport, OR 97365

There are probably about a half-dozen reports each year of N o r t h western Crows (Corvus caurinus) along the Oregon Coast. Birders who have made these reports say t h a t they saw crows t h a t seemed smaller than other crows. Since Northwestern Crows are noted as being smaller than American Crows (C. brachyrhynchos) i n f ield guides, birders have assumed that the "smal l " crows they saw must have been N o r t h -westerns.

Unfortunately , the field guides do not indicate tha t the size of crows can depend on sex, age, or var iat ion among individuals . For example, adult female crows are usual ly smaller t h a n adul t males w i t h the smallest females having measurements 13-22 percent smaller t h a n the largest males (Table 1). Hicks and Dambach (1935) found t h a t the weights of female American Crows averaged about 9 percent l ighter t h a n males. First-year crows are also usually smaller t h a n adults (Johnston 1961).

TABLE 1. Average and range in measurements (in millimeters) of adult crows collected in Oregon. These data are from Johnston (1961).

Wing Tail Tarsus Bill Adult Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range Mean Range

Males 306 297-323 168 160-180 55 53-60 34 31-37 Females 290 281-305 159 151-168 53 51-57 32 29-35

Other characteristics t h a t have been suggested to be helpful i n separating Northwestern from American Crows include: calls, hab i ta t , tameness, and behavior. Unfortunately , the usefulness of each of these is controversial (e.g., Johnston 1961, Rea 1986, Parkes 1988:600, Rea 1988, pers. comm.).

According to Parkes (1988), Meinertzhagen (1926) pointed out t h a t the Northwestern Crow is separable from all races of the American Crow


by i t s conf igurat ion o f nasal b r i s t l e s . However , I have read Meinertzhagen's article very carefully, and i t appears t h a t he (his p. 88) unambiguously separated the Northwestern Crow (which he considered a subspecies of the American Crow) f rom today's American Crow only on the basis of size. Nowhere does Meinertzhagen wri te explic it ly tha t the configuration of nasal bristles separates the Northwestern Crow from today's A m e r i c a n Crow t h a t occurs i n the Pacif ic Nor thwes t . Meinertzhagen's Plate V I does show the nasal bristles of the Northwestern Crow meeting along the culmen and the bristles for the subspecies of American Crow t h a t occurs i n eastern N o r t h America (C. b. bra-chyrhynchos) to lie principally along the sides of the culmen, as Parkes states. However, Meinertzhagen does not show or w r i t e about the positioning of the subspecies of American Crow that occurs i n the Pacific Northwest (C. b. hesperis) or indicate t h a t the bristle configuration of hesperis differs f rom the Northwestern Crow.

Thus, the configuration of nasal bristles is presently a speculative— not a diagnostic — characteristic to separate these 2 crows. Parkes (1988) and the Editor i n Paulsen (1988) acknowledge t h a t this characteristic was di f f i cult to evaluate i n some museum specimens. Further , Amadeo Rea (pers. comm.) found some specimens w i t h the Northwestern Crow nasal bristle configuration that had been collected i n San Diego, Cali fornia, which is a long way from where the Northwestern Crow is supposed to occur. Since the configuration of nasal bristles is currently an ambiguous characteristic for crows " i n the hand," birders are warned t h a t using i t for crows " i n the bush" is conjecture. Hopefully, someone w i l l undertake a detailed study using fresh specimens from several geographical areas to determine i f nasal bristle configuration is of any use i n separating Northwestern from American Crows.

I n conclusion, a birder cannot safely assume that a "smal l " crow seen along the Oregon Coast is necessarily a Northwestern Crow. I t may be an immature or adul t female American Crow. F u r t h e r , there do not appear to be any other ways for a birder to be confident i n making an accurate sight record of a Northwestern Crow along the Oregon Coast t h a t w i l l be acceptable to a l l experts.

I am grateful to H a r r y Nehls, Clarice Watson, and Amadeo Rea for the i r constructive comments on earlier drafts of this paper. I also thank Susan Gilmont of the OSU Marine Science Center L ibrary for graciously obtaining Meinertzhagen's paper.

LITERATURE C I T E D

Hicks , L . E. and C. A. Dambach. 1935. Sex ratios and weights i n winter ing crows. Bird-Banding 6:65-66.


Johnston, D . W. 1961. The biosystematics of American crows. U n i v . of Washington Press, Seattle.

Meinertzhagen, R. 1926. Introduction to a review of the genus Corvus. Novitates Zoologicae 33:57-121.

Parkes, K C. 1988. [Book Review.] Auk 105: 598-601. Paulsen, 1.1988. Northwestern Crow distinction? Washington Ornitho

logical Society Newsletter 1(1): 3. (Reprinted i n th is issue of Oregon Birds.)

Rea, A R. 1986. Corvus caurinus. P. 70 i n A. R. Phi l l ips , The Known Birds of North and Middle America, Part I . Museum of N a t u r a l History , Denver, Colorado.

0

Northwestern Crow Distinction? Ian Paulsen, 9501 Moran RoadN.E., Bainbridge Island, WA 98110

The search for a reliable character to separate Northwestern Crows (Corvuscaurinus)from American Crows (C. brachyrhynchos)has turned to the l i t e ra ture of yesteryear. Kenneth Parkes, i n h i s review (Auk 105: 598-601,1988) of Identification Guide to North American Passerines by Peter Pyle, Steve Howell , Robert Yunick and David DeSante (1987, Slate Creek Press, Bolinas, California), states: " I n a review of the genus Corvus t h a t seems to have been overlooked by most recent authors, Meinertzhagen pointed out many years ago (1926, Novit . Zool. 33: 57-121) t h a t the Northwestern Crow ... differs f r o m a l l races of the American Crow ... i n the configuration of i ts nasal bristles. As clearly shown i n Meinertzhagen's Plate VT, the nasal bristles of caurinus meet along the culmen, whereas those of brachyrhynchos l ie principal ly along the sides of the b i l l . Meinertzhagen sampled 11 specimens of caurinus and 84 of brachyrhynchos. A smaller series i n the Carnegie Museum of Natura l History collection confirmed this character, although displacement of the nasal bristles i n some museum specimens can make i n d i viduals di f f i cult to evaluate. This character should be restudied i n l i v i n g crows."

How about i t , crow enthusiasts? Anyone for close-range study and photography?

Editor's Note: This characteristic is indeed di f f i cult to determine i n museum specimens, but scrutiny of the b i l l from directly i n front should provide the best opportunity for checking i t .


OB EDITOR'S NOTE: Thepreceeding item is reprinted wjthpermis-sion from Washington Ornithological Society Newsletter 1:3 1988tor Zre information on the Washington Ornithological Society, wnte to P.O. Box 85786, Seattle, WA 98145.

American Crow, above, andNorthwestern Crow.


Measurements of Possible Northwestern Crows from Oregon Range D. Bayer, P.O. Box 1467, Newport, OR 97365

Field guides and many references (e.g., Godfrey 1986) indicate that Northwestern Crows (Corvus caurinus) are smaller than American Crows (C. brachyrhynchos).

Tables 1 and 2 summarize records of small post-hatch year male and female crows collected in Oregon that have been labeled as Northwestern Crows. Except for Specimens #3 and #6, these crows have smaller tarsal measurements than given in Johnston (1961) for crows collected in Oregon. Johnston (1961) did not believe that Northwestern Crows occurred in Oregon, but he may not have been aware of Specimens #1, #2, #4, and #5.

From these measurements, it is apparent that some Oregon specimens are as small as some crows collected along the British Columbia coast, where crows are considered to be Northwesterns. However, it is also apparent from Table 1 that some Oregon crows are similar in size to crows collected in California. Further, length measurements of some crows from California fall within the range of crows collected in British Columbia. Are some small California crows also Northwestern Crows?

Some of the measurements for Oregon crows in Table 1 are puzzling. Specifically, the reason why the wing chords of some of these specimens are smaller than crows from British Columbia or California is not clear. Perhaps, the crows were molting when they were collected.

There may be other specimens of possible Northwestern Crows collected in Oregon that are not included in these Tables. For example, 1 female crow collected on 19 March 1930 by Alex Walker at Netarts (formerly Museum No. 19972 at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History), was traded to the Peabody Museum at Yale University and may also be small enough to be a Northwestern. Further, Walker may have believed that Northwestern Crows nested in Tillamook County as several hatch year birds collected in June 1931 are listed as Northwestern Crows at the Cleveland Museum of Natural History (Museum Nos. 19976-19980).

Do the records in these Tables prove that these Oregon crows are Northwestern Crows? I don't know. The whole question of separating Northwestern from American Crows along the coasts of Alaska, British


o 33 m

o o z go 33 D

0)

TABLE 1. Measurem

ents of post-hatch year male or fem

ale crows. Crows collected in Oregon are possible Northwestern Crows. All

measurem

ents are in m

m.

Except for numbered Oregon specim

ens, measurem

ents are the range in lengths for m

ore than 1 crow. BC=British Colum

bia; coastal BC crows are considered to be Northwestern Crows. Approxim

ate measurem

ent. Additional information

about each Oregon specimen is in Table 2.

After Hatch Year Males

Exposed W

ing Chord Tail

Tarsus Cuknen

Reference

Northwestern Crows 275-293

152-171 46.0-53.0

43.5-49.0 Godfrey (1986)

Coastal BC crows 265-303

145-167 45.3-53.0

Johnston (1961)

Oregon crow

#1 238

160 50.5

48.4 Table 2

#2 248

170 50.0

47.9 Table 2

#3 276

150f 53.4

41 Table 2

#4 252

? 52.9

? Table 2

California crows 275-323

153-177 50.9-60.5

? Johnston (1961)

American Crows

303-328 170-200

58.0-63.0 46.0-52.0

Godfrey (1986)

Table 1 (continued)

o 33 m

o o z w

33 o

J5

N> CO

W

3 <Q

=t (O

OS to

After Hatch Year or Second Year Females

Exposed W

ing Chord Tail

Tarsus Cuknen

Reference

Northwestern Crows 257-285

145-163 45.0-51.0

41.5-47.5 Godfrey (1986)

Coastal BC crows 257-283

136-158 41.7-50.8

? Johnston (1961)

Oregon crow

#5 255

157 50.1

40.2 Table 2

#6 230

150 51.4

43.8 Table 2

California crows 277-303

148-166 51.9-57.3

? Johnston (1961)

American Crows

300-322 ?

? Godfrey (1986)

TABLE 2

. Information about specim

ens listed in Table 1. AHY=after hatch year (year of hatching unknown but bird hatched in a prior calendar year), SY=second year (bird hatched in previous calendar year). Collection locations are given in footnotes. Collections are the Cleveland M

useum of Natural History, the Denver M

useum of Natural History, or Oregon State University Departm

ent of Fisheries and W

ildlife. Collection

Collection Specim

en Age

Date Collection Location

Collection Num

ber #1

AHY 3-19-1930

Netarts (Tillamook Co.)

Cleveland 19971

#2 AHY

5-23-1931 Netarts (Tillam

ook Co.) Cleveland

19974 #3

SY 5-10-1908

Portland (Multnom

ah Co.) Denver

10253 #4

AHY 2-21-1949

Sauvie Island (Multnomah? Co.)

OSU

OSC

4276 #5

AHY 3-21-1931

Netarts (Tillamook Co.)

Cleveland 19973

#6 AHY

6-23-1931 Netarts (Tillam

ook Co.) Cleveland

19975

Columbia, Washington, Oregon, and California needs much more study. So far, the only comprehensive study (Johnston 1961), suggests that Northwestern Crows do not occur in Oregon, even though Johnston measured some adult Oregon crows that had wing or tail measurements that fell within the range of those found for Northwestern Crows collected along the British Columbia coast. Further, it appears that references such as Godfrey (1986) that use size to separate Northwestern and American Crows have not included small American Crowsfound in California, which confuses the issue. See Godfrey's measurements of Northwestern and American Crows and Johnston's measurements of crows from California in Table 1.

These measurements also raise the question of the origin of "small" Oregon crows that may occur along the entire Oregon coast, not just in northwestern Oregon. For example, some birders at the Oregon central coast have suggested that "Yachats crows" are smaller than American Grows. Do small Oregon crows originate from Northwestern Crows to the north or from small American Crows to the south in California?

I am grateful to Timothy Matson of the Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Kamal Islam of Oregon State University, and Joanne Carter of the Denver Museum of Natural History for providing measurements and information about possible Northwestern Crow specimens.

LITERATURE CITED

Godfrey, W. E . 1986. Birds of Canada. National Museum of Natural Sciences, National Museums of Canada.

Johnston, D. W. 1961. The biosystematics of American crows. Univ. of Washington Press, Seattle.


Northwestern Crow Distinction? Maybe Not Dennis Paulson, Burke Museum DB-10, University of Washington,

Seattle, WA 98195

A note in WOS Newsletter No. 1 by Ian Paulsen called to our attention a difference in American (Corvus brachyrhynchos) and Northwestern (C. caurinus) Crows first pointed out by R. Meinertzhagen in 1926 and confirmed by Kenneth Parkes in 1988. This difference involved the nasal bristles, which in the Northwestern Crow met along the culmen (the ridge of the bill), while those in the American Crow were separated by the culmen.

There is substantial interest in determining the species status of the Northwestern Crow. The A.O.U. Check-list Committee persists in considering it a valid species, while Washington birders are unable to distinguish two crow species in the state. Therefore I examined a series of crows in the Burke Museum to see if I could confirm this distinction.

I divided the crows into three groups, based on what was available in the collection: western Washington (59 specimens, supposedly mostly Northwestern), eastern Washington (6, supposedly American, C. 6. hesperis), and northeastern United States (9, certainly American). The series from the Northeast included four from Oklahoma, one from New Jersey, three from Michigan (all C. b. brachyrhynchos) and one from Maryland (C. 6. paulus).

I could see nothing about the placement of the nasal bristles that differentiated western Washington from eastern Washington crows, nor these two groups from those in the Northeast. Of interest were the Michigan specimens, which seemed distinct in their slightly longer nasal bristles in comparison with specimens from elsewhere. As Parkes stated, the bristles may be displaced in museum specimens, but if there are differences among these populations, they were obscured in these specimens by such displacements.

Although I have great respect for the work of both Meinertzhagen and Parkes, I was unable to confirm their conclusions. Further study of larger series may yet reveal differences.

0 [OB Editor's note: This note is reprinted with permission of the

author. It was first published in Washington Ornithological Society Newsletter No. 3, October 1989, page 5. For more information on WOS, write to WOS, P.O. Box 85786, Seattle, WA 98145.J


r

"I suspect that the nasal bristle character is not a useful method of separating Corvus brachyrhynchos hesperis, the form of American Crow breeding in western Oregon, from C. caurinus, the Northwestern Crow.

"Most of the road-killed crows I have examined have nasal bristles extendinghalf way down the culmen, as described by Meinertzhagen for Northwestern Crow, but do not have any of the accompanying measurements generally assigned to caurinus. I have included photos of 2 American Crows (C. 6. hesperis), a first-year male (top) and an adult female in each photo, showing the bristles half way down the culmen. A photograph by W. Finley in Dawson's Birds of Washington — labeled "western crow (hesperis) taken in Oregon" — clearly shows this feature on a living specimen."

Photos I Mike Patterson, 324 38th Street, Astoria, OR 97103


Rufous-sided Towhee. Sketch /Diana Bradshaw.


SITE GUIDE: Battle Mountain State Park, Umatilla Co., Oregon Mike Denny, 401N. College Avenue, College Place, WA 99324

Look over there, Merry-Lynn! A White-headed Woodpecker trying to get a cool drink of water from the fountain. Cassin's Finch and Red Crossbills near the fireplace. Williamson's Sapsucker and a Hairy Woodpecker in this 1 pine. Brown Creeper. Listen to the Ruffed Grouse — there it goes.

And so it goes at Battle Mountain State Park. My wife and I are here, again, in this beautiful State Park 34 miles south of Pendleton, Oregon, in Umatilla County on Highway 395. This State Park and the surrounding area are home to many birds found in the drier ponderosa/larch forests of the Blue Mountains.

The Park is situated on the southern edge of the great wheat country that surrounds Pendleton. Due to its transitional location between the grasslands to the north and the old-growth forests to the south, this State Park attracts some very nice birds. Northern Pygmy-Owl, Flammulated Owl (summer only—at least that is the only time this species is heard), Northern Goshawk, Black-backed Woodpecker and 8 species of warblers are present.

The sun is down now and a few American Robins are calling a last farewell to daylight. Merry-Lynn points to some Common Nighthawks that are dipping and diving over this now quiet Park. We must go. But we will return to bird here in this soul-filling area soon! As should you!

0


FIELDNOTES Oregon Birds and American Birds have synchronized reporting areas, periods, and deadlines. Field reports for eastern and western Oregon are due to the OB Regional Editor and All Regional Editor at the same time.

Season Months Due date Fall August—November 10 December Winter December—February 10 March Spring March—May 10 June Summer T"T~\y 10 August

Oregon Birds Regional Editors Western Oregon Eastern Oregon Steve Heinl (Spring/Tall) David A. Anderson 356 West 8th 6203 S.E. 92nd Ave. Eugene, OR 97401 Portland, OR 97266

Jim Johnson (Winter/Summer) 3244 N.E. Brazee Street Portland, OR 97212

American Birds Regional Editors Western Oregon Eastern Oregon Bill Tweit Thomas H. Rogers P.O. Box 1271 E . 10820 Maxwell 01ympia,WA 98507 Spokane, WA 99206

American Birds Sub-Regional Editor Tom Crabtree 1667 N.W.Iowa Bend, OR 97701


FIELDNOTES: Eastern Oregon, Spring 1989 David A Anderson, 6203 S.E. 92nd, Portland, OR 97266

Abbreviations used: MNWR Malheur National Wildlife Refuge

N.F. National Forest SLWMA Summer Lake Wildlife Management Area

UNWR Umatilla National Wildlife Refuge

The latest regional Common Loon this year was reported 23 May at The Narrows, MNWR (fide GI). Horned Grebes were rare in the Harney Basin this spring. A single bird was noted 2 miles south of Burns 28 May and a pair was in the northern Blitzen Valley 29 May (fide GI). Hood River Co's. first spring Red-necked Grebes were seen at Cascade Locks and at the mouth of Hood River 4 Apr. (DAA, JE) . A Red-necked Grebe was also noted At Rowena on 2 Apr. (DL). Single Clark's Grebes were reported at Summer L. 1 Apr. (FZ) and at Six Mile Island, MORR 6 May (LW, PM).

The season's first American White Pelicans at MNWR were noted 18 Mar. Three colonies estimated at 1600 pairs were established in Harney Basin (GI). Green-backed Herons are not frequently noted in Hood River Co. in the spring. Therefore 2 on 22 Apr. at Cascade Locks was a surprise (DAA, DL). Another Green-backed Heron was at Mosier, WASC on 23 Apr. (DL). The season's first Black-crowned Night-Herons at MNWR were seen 11 Apr. (GI). A juvenile bird was noted 13 May at Three Mile Canyon, MORR (JS). White-faced Ibis returned earlier than normal to MNWR, on 16 Apr., and established 4 nesting colonies with a record number of 3500 nesting pairs (GI). A small colony was also noted at SLWMA (MStL).

Five migrant Tundra Swans were at Ochoco Lake 16 Mar. (EE 4/89). Trumpeter Swans Tundra Swan, north ofUkiah,UmatillaCo., 19 have been declining at MNWR May 1989. Photo IMerry Lynn Denny.


in recent years. Only 19 birds were found this spring on the refuge with only 2 active nests. Five pairs nested there inl988. Seven Greater White-fronted Geese near Odell, 4-22 Apr. (DAA, J E ) were the most noted in Hood River Co. The last north bound migrants were noted at MNWR until 29 Apr. (GI). A late Snow Goose was at SLWMA 31 May (MA). Single Harlequin Ducks (pair). Hood River, Wood Ducks were at SLWMA 28 Hood River Co., 22 April 1989. Photo/ May (FZ) and at The Narrows, David A. Anderson. MNWR 2 May (fide GI). Reports of migratory Blue-winged Teal included 1 at Boardman sewage ponds, MORR (JS) and 2 at The Dalles 21 May (DL, DAA). At least 7 Eurasian Wigeon were noted in the region in March:l at Boardman sewage ponds on the 11th (LW,PM);1 near Baker on the 25th (PS, TW); and 5 separate males south of Burns on the 25th (GI). A Greater Scaup was on Ana Res., LAKE 25 Mar. (fide GI), and another was on the Boardman sewage ponds 11 Mar. (LW, PM); 2 males and 3 females were at SLWMA 25 Feb.-4 Mar. (SS, M&AA). A male Barrow's Goldeneye was at UNWR 7 Mar. (JS). A pair of Harlequin Ducks were on Hood River at the Dee lumber mill 22 Apr. (DAA, DL). A female Common Merganser on the Lakeview sewage ponds 25 Apr. may be the first record for that area (MA). Following January's report of Red-breasted Merganser at the mouth of Hood River were 4 there on 2 Apr. (DL). Apair of Ruddy Ducks visited the Boardman sewage ponds 29 Mar. (JS).

The earliest Turkey Vulture reported was 21 Mar. at Sisters ( E E 4/ 89). Numbers of migrant Bald Eagles in the Harney Basin peaked at 160 on 20-21 Mar. (GI). The usual scattered reports of Northern Goshawk included 2-3 on Winter Ridge, Fremont N.F. 2 Apr. (FZ). Swainson's Hawks returned to the region by 17 Mar. when they were noted at Klamath Falls ( E E 4/89). A Ferruginous Hawk was noted near Nye Junction, UMAT 1 Apr. (JS). There were 3 reports of Rough-legged Hawks extending their winter visits to April. The latest report was on 16 Apr. near John Day (US 6/89).

The only Spruce Grouse report was on Pine Crk., BAKE 12 May (US 6/89). Ruffed Grouse are unusual in Jefferson Co. sol at Camp Sherman 23 Mar. is interesting (EE 4/89). A small lek of about 3 male Sage Grouse was found in Bear Valley 24 Mar. (PS). A single Sora was noted at SLWMA 1 Apr. but by the end of the month they were common (FZ).

Black-bellied Plovers are not frequent migrants in the region. This season the only reports were from SLWMA with 1 on 9 Apr. (fide GI) and 4 on 27 Apr. (CM). Semipalmated Plovers are regular migrants usually


in low numbers. Two were noted at both the north end of Lake Abert (MA) and near Boardman (JS) in April, but the largest number reported this year was about 250 at SLWMA 27 Apr. (FZ). Ten were noted at the Boardman sewage ponds 12 Apr. (JS). Eight American Avocets were at the Boardman sewage ponds on the 12th as well (JS). A Greater Yellowlegs at SLWMA 1 Apr. (FZ) was early. Seven Lessers were there 4 Mar. (M&AA). A Solitary Sandpiper was near Weston, UMAT 6 May (MD). The season's first Willets in the John Day area were noted 23 Apr. (US 5/89). Deschutes Co's. first Willet was noted at Hatfield L. on 16 May (TC). Nine Upland Sandpipers were back in Bear Valley 6 May (US 6/ 89). A peak count of 24 Whimbrel were noted west of MNWR-hq 21 May (fide GI). Long-billed Curlews were noted as early as 26 Mar. (US 4/89); 110 were noted east of Heppner 1 Apr. (JS). Marbled Godwits were at SLWMA 27 Apr. (CM) and another was south of Burns 3 May (GI). No reports of Ruddy Turnstones were received this season. A Red Knot was at SLWMA 27 Apr. (CM) and a Sanderling was there 4 May (fide GI). Over 6000 Least Sandpipers at the north end of Lake Abert 27 Apr. (MA) were the most reported this season. Two Leasts noted near Odell 30 Apr. (DAA) were a rare spring record for Hood River Co. Ten Baird's Sandpipers were at MNWR 22 Apr. (CM). Dunlin were reported in the region in late April by several observers.

A Franklin's Gull was at the Lakeview sewage ponds 25 Apr. and another was at Pelican L. 12 May, and 8 were at the south end of Lake Abert 27 Apr. (MA). Bonaparte's Gulls were noted in the region after 22 Apr. when 1 was noted at Gascade Locks (DAA). The most reported was 50 at the Lakeview sewage ponds on 25 Apr. (MA). Afew remained there until 19 May. A Mew Gull was at the mouth of the Deschutes R. 4 Mar. (AW 4/89). A Herring Gull noted At SLWMA 25 Feb. was last reported 4 Mar. (MA). A Thayer's Gull was at the mouth of Hood R. 4 Apr. (DAA, J E ) where they are irregularly reported. A Western Gull seen at the mouth of Hood R. 20 May (DAA, DL) was the third county record. The season's first Caspian Tern report was from the mouth of the Deschutes R.9Apr. (LW.PM).

Band-tailed Pigeons were frequently noted in Hood River Co., in May. Northern Saw-whet Owls were noted at Bear Valley 23 Mar. and along the Anthony Lakes Rd. 25 Mar. (US 4/89).

One White-throated Swift was reported at Elgin Rim 2 Apr. (FZ), which was the first seasonal report. By the end of the month they were common there. White-throated Swifts were also reported at Home Crk. 5 May (fide GI), and at Barry Ranch east of Adel, 30 May (MA).

A COSTA'S HUMMINGBIRD was noted along Cottonwood Crk., Pueblo Mts. 20 May (fide GI). Rufous Hummingbirds returned to the John Day area by 14 Apr. (US 5/89). Two migrating Lewis' Woodpeckers were noted southeast of Parkdale, HOOD. They are now infrequently


noted in Hood River Co. Another was at Fort Rock 25 Apr. (CM). An Acorn Woodpecker at the Summer L. rest area 27-28 May (fide GI, RM) was most unusual. The first seasonal report of Red-naped Sapsuckers was 1 at Winter Ridge, Fremont N.F. 2 Apr. (FZ).

First seasonal reports of flycatchers are as follows: Olive-sided 12 May Goose Lake S.P. (MA) Western Wood-Pewee 18 May MNWR (LW) Willow 18 May MNWR (LW) Hammond's 23 Apr. Sawyer Park, Bend (TC) Dusky 29 Apr. nr. Mitchell (LW, PM) Gray 20 Apr. Bend (fide TC) "Western" 7 May Vance Crk., GRANT (TW)

A L E A S T F L Y C A T C H E R visited Benson Pond, MNWR 29 May (HN, J E ) . Migrant Say's Phoebes included singles at: Ochoco L . ( E E 4/89); Mt. Vernon, GRANT 5 Mar. (US 4/89); nr. Nye Junction, UMAT 1 Apr. (JS); and at the mouth of Hood R. 4 Apr. (DAAJE). Three were at SLWMA 1 Apr. (FZ). A Western Kingbird at Boardman 17 Apr. (JS) was the first seasonal report.

Purple Martins were again noted at Government Cove, east of Cascade Locks, HOOD this season (DAA). A Scrub Jay was at The Dalles 21 May (DAA) where they occur in small numbers. A flock of 10 Pinyon Jays was at Picture Rock Pass 1 Apr. (FZ). A Plain Titmouse was on the west slope Of Hart Mt. 28 May (MA). W e s l e r n Screech-Owl, Dyer Wayside, Gilliam This species is rarely reported in Co., May 1989. Photo/Phil Pickering. this region.

The small group of Bewick's Wrens found last August west of Sherar's Bridge, WASC was noted again 21 May with 2-3 singing males present (DL, DAA). Several were also noted along 8 Mile Rd. south of The Dalles 4 Mar. Several migrant Golden-crowned Kinglets were in the Boardman area 6 Apr. (JS). A migrant Townsend's Solitaire was noted 10 miles east of Arlington 11 Mar. (PM, LW). A Swainson's Thrush was at Barry Ranch east of Adel 30 May (MA).


After being unusually abundant in December, Varied Thrushes remained in the Bend area into March ( E E 4/89). The only reported Northern Mockingbird was near Frenchglen 2 7 May (LW, PM). Migrant American Pipits were observed at Haystack Res. 19 Mar. (TC). No reports of Bohemian Waxwings lingering in the region were received. Two lingering Northern Shrikes were noted 18 Mar. in northern Wasco Co. and near the town of Wasco (LW, PM). The season's first reported Solitary Vireo was noted southwest of Mitchell 29 Apr. (LW, PM). The first Warbling Vireo was reported along Indian Crk. 4 May (US 6/89).

Two Tennessee Warblers were noted at Benson Pond on 28 May and along the east canal, MNWR (fide GI). Four Orange-crowned Warblers were in Lakeview 4 May (MA). The season's first Yellow-rumped Warbler in the John Day area was noted 4 Apr. (US 5/89). Black-

throated Gray Warblers were noted along the South Fork John Day R. on 7 May (US 5/89); on the west slope of Hart Mt. 26-26 May (MA) and at Page Springs 21 May (fide GI). A Townsend's Warbler was noted along Vance Crk. GRANT 7 May(US6/89). A Palm Warbler was noted in late May near the northern end of Lake Abert (MA). At least 1 Black-and-white Warbler was noted at MNWR-hq 7-13 May (GI, MD) and another near Hart L. 28 (MA).

D. i iLjf *' .i . An American Redstart was at Hart Purple Martin, northwest of Milton-Free- T O Q »» A

water, UmatillaCo.,29April 1989. Photo/ ** M M a y v M A ) -Merry Lynn Denny. A female Rose-breasted Gros

beak was at MNWR-hq 28 May (JE, HN). Black-headed Grosbeaks were noted at MNWR on 13 May (fide GI). Lazuli Buntings returned by 25 Apr. when 1 was noted in Warner Valley (CM). A female INDIGO BUNT I N G was at MNWR-hq 29 May (TC). A Rufous-sided Towhee was near Frenchglen 28 May (fide GI). A male L A R K BUNTING seen briefly 12 miles east of MNWR-hq 28 May, was noted by many and reported by few (fide GI). The first seasonal Savannah Sparrow in the John Day area was noted 15 Apr. (US). Two Black-throated Sparrows were found east of Hart L. 26-27 May (MA). Two Grasshopper Sparrows were on a ridge south of Cayuse, UMAT 22 May (JS). A Lincoln's Sparrow was at the mouth of the Deschutes R., SHER 18 Mar. (LW, PM). A late White-throated Sparrow was found at Benson Pond 20 May (CM). A Golden-crowned Sparrow was at SLWMA 11 Apr. (fide GI). Harris' Sparrows were noted into March at Bend (EE 4/89) and along 8 Mile Rd., WASC (AW 4/89).


Lor* Bunting, 12.5 miles east ofMalheurN.W.R., Harney Co., 28 May 1989, OBRC Record Numbers 605-89-09B (right) and 605-8909A. Photos /Jim Johnson.

Bobolinks returned to their Prairie City colony by 18 May (US 6/89) and were also noted near Plush 28 May (MA) and west of Juntura, MALH on 25 May (LW, PM). A most exciting find was that of a colony of 12-15 Tricolored Blackbirds south of Hermiston 25 Apr.-6 May (JS, LW, PM). Migrant Yellow-headed Blackbirds were noted at Whitney 21 Mar. (US 4/89); 3 at Boardman 6 Apr. (JS); at the mouth of the Deschutes R. 9 Apr. and 4 at Wasco, SHER on 9 Apr. (LW, PM). The first seasonal report of Northern Oriole was 30 Apr. at MNWR (US). Over 15 Rosy Finches were on Winter Ridge, Fremont N.F., 1 Apr. (FZ). A lone Red Crossbill wandered through Fields 27 May (fide GI).

Beginning with this seasonal report I am citing the source of the observation. Even though the sources from which I obtain most of my information list those who found or sighted these birds I will limit my

, credits to the source from which I received my information. This is being done to simplify my record keeping which at best is tedious. If anyone feels slighted for not seeing their name after a rare bird which they found I would then suggest that they report it in the future. I will also say, "Don't take it personally."


Observers/Sources:

David A Anderson Anne Archie Merle Archie Tom Crabtree Mike Denny Joe Evanich Gary Ivey Donna Lusthoff Ron Maertz Craig Miller Pat Muller Harry Nehls Marty St. Louis Jamie Simmons Paul Sullivan Steve Summers Linda Weiland Tom Winters Fred Zeillemaker

Audubon Warbler (Harry Nehls, ed.) Eagle Eye (Tom Crabtree, ed.) Upland Sandpiper (formerly Duck Soup; Tom Winters, ed.)

0


FIELDNOTES: Western Oregon, Spring 1989 Steve Heinl, 356 W. 8th, Eugene, OR 97401

Abbreviations used: ANWR Ankeny National Wildlife Refuge

BSNWR Baskett Slough National Wildlife Refuge FNWR Finley National Wildlife Refuge

MSP Monmouth sewage ponds R.D. Ranger District R.S. Ranger Station s.p. sewage ponds

SJCR South Jetty of the Columbia R. WMA Wildlife Management Area

Loons - Herons The latest of several Red-throated Loons wintering on the Columbia

R. was 8 Mar. (HN). A Pacific Loon at Henry Hagg L . (Washington) 30 Apr. was most likely one of the birds that had wintered there (VT, DL). Migration was still strong off the coast into late May, with 300+ passing the Siuslaw R. jetties in one-half hour 20 May (SH). A Y E L L O W -B I L L E D L O O N was in a transitional plumage at Yaquina Bay 18-23 May (DFi,MSe* al). The 2 Red-necked Grebes at Henry Hagg L. 30 Apr. were unusual inland, but like the Pacific Loon above, had probably wintered there (DL, VT). Both these species have been virtually unreported as inland vagrants in the spring. Red-necked Grebes lingered along the coast into early May with 1 at Bandon 13 May the latest noted (MS et al.). A Clark's Grebe was at Diamond L. 24 May+ (DFi).

Unfortunately no pelagic trips were run this spring. Oregon birders would do well to establish some regular spring pelagic trips. Forty Black-footed Albatrosses were seen 20 mi. off Heceta Head 8 Apr. and 2 Fork-tailed Storm-Petrels were seen in the vicinity 16 Apr. (TT). Highly unusual was a Leach's Storm-Petrel inland at McGilchrist Pond near Salem 26 May which was thought to have been blown in by storm-related winds during that time (GLi, m.ob.). A Leach's Storm-Petrel in downtown Portland 30 June 1987 is the only other inland report known not related to severed Oct-Nov storms.

Five Brown Pelicans at Yaquina Bay 19 Apr. (fide DF) were the first


of the season, with small numbers present along the coast by periods end. On 1 Apr. 106 Great Egrets were found congregated in the semi-flooded Coquille Valley, for one of the highest single location counts in western Oregon (DFi, SH, SG). These birds had dispersed by 16 Apr. and 1 at Yaquina Bay 30 Apr. was the only sighting north of Coos Bay through the end of the period (fide DF). Returning Green-backed Herons were noted in Eugene 13 Apr. (SH) and in the Rogue Valley 18 Apr. (MM). Two Black-crowned Night-Herons at FNWR 17 May could indicate possible breeding there (KM). Most southern Willamette Valley records are of post-breeding birds in late summer/fall.

Waterfowl - Cranes A Trumpeter Swan was with Tundras on Sauvie 1.4 Mar. (GL) and

2 imm. birds were seen at BSNWR through 14 Mar. (DP et al.). Greater White-fronted Goose migration was underway 17 Apr. when 700 flew over Toketee R.S. (DFi), and was still strong into early May as 800 were seen at the SJCR 9 May (HN). A Snow Goose was late at McGilchrist Pond 15 May (GL). Two of the Coos Bay area wintering Emperor Geese lingered to 9 Apr. at Charleston (m.ob.).

A female Northern Shoveler with 10 chicks at Fort Stevens S.P. (Clatsop) 3 May was noteworthy as this species is at best a very rare breeder west of the Cascades (HN). I know of no nesting records offhand. Two pairs of Redhead lingered at the Kirtland R. s.p. to 18 May (MM). An adult male T U F T E D D U C K was discovered at a tiny pond in Kerby (Josephine) 11 Mar. and was enjoyed by many for at least a couple weeks thereafter (NL et al.). This was the twelfth state record and the third this year. A Common Goldeneye lingered at Netarts Bay 17 May for the latest report (HN). A female Barrow's Goldeneye was sufficiently described at the MSP 12 May (RG). This species was previously unreported away from the Cascade slope after March.

Several late Feb and Mar sightings of Turkey Vulture were followed by a major push into the state the last few days of March. Several hundred were in the Rogue Valley 28 March (m.ob.), and 200+ were in the Coquille/Umpqua Valleys 1 Apr. (DFi, SH, SG). Progression north of there did not occur until after 10 Apr. (HN). An Osprey at Fern Ridge Res. 11 Mar. set an early arrival date there by 1 day (DFi, SH). They were widely reported by 20 Mar. Apair of Black-shouldered Kites near Talent was seen mating and collecting nesting material on 24 Apr. but the outcome, or even if the birds stuck around, is not known (O. Swisher). Other reports of possible nesting were of a pair at Denman WMA 27 May (MM), and 2 at the Nehalem meadows to the end of the period (m.ob.). A Northern Goshawk at Henry Hagg L. 20 May (Greg Gillson) and 2 near Powers 13 May (fide LT) were the only sightings away from the Cascades. Single Red-shouldered Hawks were at Mapleton (Lane) 11 Mar.


(DFi, SH) and at FNWR 25 May ( K Islam, HH), the latter being outside the 18 July-13 Apr. timing for this species north of Coos Co. Last sightings for Rough-legged Hawk were singles at Fern Ridge Res. 15 Apr. (D. Schrouder) and at Carlton (Yamhill) 16 Apr. (JJ). Golden Eagles were found near the coast in Lincoln Co. 1 Apr. (DF) and near Powers 6 May (LT). A Prairie Falcon was at Bald Peak S.P. near Newberg 9 Apr., slightly late for the Willamette Valley (DI).

A lone Sandhill Crane over the N. Umpqua R.D. 27 Feb. (DFi) and 275 flying north over Aumsville 7 Mar. (GLi) were the only reports away from Sauvie I. where they were last noted 6 May (HN).

Shoreb i rds - A lc ids Like many shorebirds this season, Black-bellied Plovers appeared to

be in smaller numbers than typical along the coast (HN et al.). The 17 at the Kirtland Rd. s.p. 27 Apr. was a large number inland (MM). Lesser Golden-Plovers made an average turnout with 3 in the Tillamook area 4 May (CR) and 1 at Yaquina Bay 13 May (fide DF). Smaller than typical numbers of Semipalmated Plovers were found, with only 250 at Tillamook Bay 6-17 May the largest group noted (JG, HN). Once again Black-necked Stilts made a poor showing with 2 at the Kirtland Rd. s.p. 20 Apr. the only sighting (RS). Single American Avocets were at the Kirtland Rd. s.p. 24 Apr.+ (MM) and in N. Portland 6 May (DL).

The 100 Greater Yellowlegs at FNWR 6 Apr. (RG) and 50 at the Kirtland Rd. s.p. 25 Apr. (MM) were the largest groups noted. This species was also felt to be in low numbers, however reporting on this and other shorebirds was rather sporadic. Only 6 Lesser Yellowleg reports were received 14 Apr.-16 May - thus this species was only one-half as common as Solitary Sandpiper which was found in typical numbers with 14 reports 14 Apr.-20 May. Five were at ANWR (fide BB) and 4 were at FNWR (R&JK), both 15 Apr.

Unlike some shorebirds this spring, Whimbrel seemed to be in average or above-average numbers. Up to 350 were at the Wilson R. loop near Tillamook 5 May+ (CR) and 200 were at Yaquina Bay 6 May (SJ). In addition, 1 inland on Sauvie 1.21 May was probably the first Columbia Co. record (JJ). Four Long-billed Curlew reports were an average showing. All were found during April, with 1 at Glide 5 Apr. the only inland sighting (RM). Marbled Godwits were surprisingly only reported from favored Bandon, with the apparent "peak" there 13 May of only 4 birds (DFi et al.). Surely they were found elsewhere. Only small numbers of Ruddy Turnstones were found away from Bandon 1 Apr.+ for a below-par spring. A couple of Black Turnstones at Bandon 13 May were on the late side (DFi et al.).

The 2 Red Knots at Bayocean sandspit 6 May+ were the only birds found coastally away from Bandon (m.ob.). Red Knots were, however,


RedKnots, Kirtland Road sewage ponds, Jackson Co., 25 April 1989. Photo/ Howard Sands.

recorded inland at the Kirtland Rd. s.p. for the second spring in a row with 3 there 25 Apr. (HS). There are now 4 records at this location - all 21 Apr.-11 May. The peak of Western Sandpiper migration in late April saw thousands passing north off Heceta Beach 21-22 Apr. (SH) and brought 15,000 to Bandon 28 Apr. (DFi). Peak totals for Tillamook Bay were surprisingly low with 800 there 10 May the largest group noted (HN). The 2 Pectoral Sandpiper reports were an average snowing. Singles were at FNWR 15 Apr. (R&JK) and at the SJCR 8 May (MP). Baird's Sandpiper, which also averages about 2 records each spring, went undetected. The 200 Short-billed Dowitchers at Bandon 28 Apr. (DFi) and 90 at the SJCR 9 May (HN) were by far the largest groups reported, all coastal. Seven reports of Wilson's Phalarope 28 Apr.+ represented quite a drop in numbers compared to the last 3 springs. In sharp contrast, Red-necked Phalaropes appeared along the coast in abundance during May. Over 300 were at the Warrenton s.p. 8-20 May (MP), 300 were at the Bay City s.p. and 500+ were at the Nehalem s.p. 14 May (TS, GL), and on 16 May 200+ were at Florence with over 500 seen flying north over the ocean there within 45 minutes (SH). Despite this heavy onshore movement, only typical small numbers were reported inland. One in alternate plumage at Yaquina Bay 11 Mar. (BB) was surprisingly early and may have wintered. The previous early arrival record was of 1 in Washington Co. 31 Mar. 1984 [OB 10(3&4): 88]. A Red Phalarope at BSNWR with 2000Dunlin 10 Mar. was unexpected and the only onshore report (RG). A group of 100 was seen 20 mi. off Heceta Head 4 May (TT).

There were several onshore jaeger sightings at the favored SJCR during May, including 2 each of Pomarine and Parasitic Jaeger (PP, HN, GL, TS). Groups of500 Bonaparte's Gulls were seen moving north 20 mi.


off Heceta Head 16 Apr. (TT) and at the SJCR 16 May (PP). Otherwise they were noted in fair numbers. A first-winter Glaucous Gull at the Yaquina Bay herring run 11 Mar. was the only report (DF, BB). Caspian Terns at Yaquina Bay 26 Mar. (J. Corbett), and Coos Bay 31 Mar. (BG), were right on time. There were only 2 reports of small terns. Twelve Common Terns were at the SJCR 16 May (PP) and 3 Forster's Terns were at Fern Ridge Res. 16 May (SH). There were no reports of Black Terns this spring. The Haystack Rock Tufted Puffin colony was active by 1 Apr. (HN).

O w l s - Hummingb i rds Five Northern Pygmy-Owls at the top of Mary's Peak 29 Apr.

illustrates how common this species can sometimes be in the right habitat — stands of old growth or very large second growth timber (GL, J J , TS). A Burrowing Owl at Tenmile Crk. (Lincoln) 10 Apr. (fide DF) was only the second coastal report in the last 5+ years. Sadly one of the Eugene airport Burrowing Owls was found dead in late April (FS). The cause of death was not determined. A calling Barred Owl along Larch Mt. Rd. in the Columbia R. Gorge 8 May was a Multnomah Co. first (DI, PP). Long-eared Owls were only reported from their 2 long-established sites at E . E . Wilson WMA and Scoggin's Valley Park at Henry Hagg L. (m.ob.). A Short-eared Owl at the Salem airport 12 Apr. was the only one reported after March (T. DeSousa).

Coastal reports of Common Nighthawk as early as 16 Apr. and 4 May are worthy of mention as the possibility that these were instead Lesser Nighthawks is quite high. Common Nighthawks typically arrive the last week of May with the main influx occurring in June. The earliest arrival date for the entire state of California is 22 May and in a recent American Birds, reports of "nighthawk sp." in n. California 26 Apr.-13 May were thought to "certainly" be Lesser Nighthawks [AB 41(3): 484 and see also AB 40(3):520]. Any nighthawk seen April to early May should be carefully studied, seen as well as heard, as there are no Lesser Night-hawk records for Oregon. A Common Nighthawk at Diamond L. 29 May was the first report (DFi). Common Poorwills were first noted in Jackson Co. 19 Apr. in the Salt Crk. area (HS). Very unusual were 2 reports of Common Poorwills flushed off residential roads at night north of their normal range. Two were in Eugene 30 Apr. (B. Bender) and 1 was on Council Crest in Portland 6 May (O. Schmidt). None of these birds could be relocated. A Vaux's Swift in Corvallis 8 Apr. (D. MacManiman) was the first reported but the main movement seemed to arrive a few days later than usual 16-17 Apr. A W H I T E - T H R O A T E D SWIFT at Cape Meares 20 May was extraordinary, there having been few reports ever forW. Oregon (TS).

An adult male Black-chinned Hummingbird was well documented at a Corvallis feeder 20 May (E. MacDonald). An adult male COSTA'S


HUMMTNGBHtD frequented a feeder near Roseburg 27 Apr. and had established a territory by the end of the period (G. Black, m.ob.). Another male was found in the brushy dunes at Nehalem S.P. 28 May (B. Shelmerdine). This species has steadily increased as a vagrant to the state. There were previously 11 records for W. Oregon, and the yearly average for the state has been nearly 3 since 1984. A Calliope Hummingbird was slightly early at Ashland 8 Apr. (RS) and another at Yachats 17 Apr. was the only one reported outside their breeding range (W. Bell, F. Bell). The first inland sightings of Rufous Hummingbird were 3 Mar. at Corvallis and Portland (AM, HN). A very noticeable peak of migration occurred in the Willamette Valley the first week of April (HN, SH, m.ob.). Up to 75 were at Skinner's Butte Park in Eugene 5-7 Apr. but by 11 Apr. only 5 could be found (SH). This pattern has been observed in previous springs as well. Two to 3 were seen daily during this period in residential N.E. Portland where this species is very rarely seen (JJ).

Woodpeckers - F l y c a t c h e r s A Lewis' Woodpecker near Eugene 29 Apr. was the only report away

from the Rogue Valley (D. Gleason). Gabrielson & Jewett called this an "abundant" species statewide, and later, in reference to the Willamette Valley, Gullion called this species a common winter visitor with fall peaks of up to 70 birds the first week of September and spring peaks in late April-early May with flocks of up to 30 birds (Gullion, Birds of the Southern Willamette Valley, Oregon, Condor53:129,1951). Thisshould illustrate the drastic decline this species has experienced in the last 3 decades.

Mary's Peak in Benton Co. is the highest point in the Oregon Coast Range and is well-known for several interesting bird records like its small flock of wintering Rosy Finches. This spring it was host to several migrants, typically east-of-the-Cascades sapsuckers beginning with a female Williamson's Sapsucker near the top 23 Mar.+ (RG). That bird was followed by a male Williamson's Sapsucker 8 Apr. (AM) and 2 Red-naped Sapsuckers 8-9 Apr. (RG). All of these birds were seen by many people on the same tree, or group of trees, riddled with sapsucker holes. A very odd and intriguing occurrence.

An Olive-sided Flycatcher at L. Selmac 30 Apr. (SH) was followed by many sightings the first week of May. A Willow Flycatcher in Coos Co. 6 May (LT) was early, with 1 near the California border 21 May a more typical arrival time (MM). The main influx generally takes place the last week of May to the first week of June. The earliest Hammond's Flycatchers were on time in Eugene 14 Apr. (TM) and Portland 15 Apr. (JJ). The only reports of Dusky Flycatcher away from breeding areas were of 5 near Eugene 2 May (SH) and 1 in Coos Co. 6 May (LT). For the fifth year in a row Gray Flycatcher appeared west of the Cascades with an early one at Ashland 13 Apr. (MM). The first "Western" Flycatcher


was noted in Portland 11 Apr. (JJ) followed by many sightings 14 Apr. As in 1987, Say's Phoebes were found in double their usual numbers. Seven were in the Rogue Valley through 20 Mar. (m .ob.) and singles were at Toketee R.S. 24 Feb. and 4 Apr. (DFi), Eugene 7-18 Mar. (PS, BC), Portland 18 Mar. (fide HN) and Yaquina Bay 9 Apr. (fide DF). In contrast, Western Kingbirds made a poor showing compared to past years with 8 in the Salem area 3-18 May the only sightings in the northern Willamette Valley, and 1 at Nehalem 6 May the only report from the coast (JG). Several in the Sutherlin area 16 Apr. (DFi, DI) were the first arrivals noted.

Lark - Wrens A Horned Lark was heard flying over the Diamond L. R.D. 22 Mar.

(DFi) and possible breeders were 2 at BSNWR 6 May (fide BB) and a singing bird near Silverton 13 May (BB, FS). Modern agriculture has greatly decreased this species as a breeder in W. Oregon. A Northern Rough-winged Swallow at Toketee R.S. 12 Mar. (DFi) eclipsed the earliest record for the state by 5 days and another at the Willamina s.p. (Polk) 17 Mar. tied it (RG) (see OB 10(3&4): 94). This species typically shows up at the end of March. Two Bank Swallows at FNWR 6 May were a rare find but represent the third year in a row this species has been found in early to mid-May (SJ). Avery early Cliff Swallow was reported at Yamhill 8 Mar. (fide BB) and another near Hill sboro 16 Mar. was also early (Skip Russell). Otherwise they arrived on time in Portland 27 Mar. (fide HN) and Sauvie 1.29 Mar. (HN). Single Barn Swallows at the MSP 25 Mar. (DL) and Sauvie 1.29 Mar. were followed by widespread arrival at the beginning of April.

While a Scrub Jay near Myrtle Point 16 Apr. was outside of its typically interior range, it is thought that they could be regular there as the habitat of much of the Coquille Valley has a "generally interior-valley flavor" (DFi). Two Black-billed Magpies were at Boring (Clackamas) 30 Apr. (D. Fagner). Unusual records of migrant Rock Wrens were singles near Eugene 2 May (SH) and at Corvallis 5 May (ME). Canyon Wrens were again recorded in Douglas Co. Singles were singing at Toketee R.S. in early March and 6 Apr. where they have been heard occasionally since March 1986 (fide DFi). Another was at Pine Beach in the Umpqua N.F. 20 May (RM) and yet another was at Lower Fish Crk. off Hwy. 138 in forested, broken basalt cliff habitat 31 May (DFi). Since the first Douglas Co. record in 1985 [OB 11(4): 179] this species has proven to be regular in tiny numbers in the eastern portion of the county which is rich in massive basalt outcroppings. A House Wren at Eagle Point 9 Apr. (HS) preceded widespread arrivals 13 Apr.+.

Gnatcatcher - Warblers Blue-gray Gnatcatchers were first reported in the Rogue Valley at


Lower Table Rock 7 Apr. (HS), followed elsewhere in the Valley by sightings 11-15 Apr. This is typical timing for this species. A Western Bluebird at Beaverton 7 May (DL) was unusual as there have been few records of this species in the Portland metropolitan area in the last 20 years. Mountain Bluebirds are always an excellent find away from the upper elevations of the Cascades. One was on Sauvie 1.4 Mar. (JJ, NL), another was near Florence 7 Apr. (M. Brunson et al.), and a female was on Mary's Peak 8 Apr. (RG). Townsend's Solitaires occur in lowland areas early each spring and this year was no exception with 5 reported through 16 Apr. An early Swainson's Thrush in Coos Co. 22 Apr. (LT) was followed by singles in Lincoln Co. 5 May (DF) and at ANWR 7 May (BB). Hundreds were heard calling as they migrated overhead in the pre-dawn hours of 9 May (SH), and in the Cascades to 26 May (DFi). Single Northern Mockingbirds were found near Bethel (Polk) 2 Apr. (S. Ominski) and the SJCR 15 May (D. Kapan). A pair on E . Gregory Rd. (Jackson) 19 May+ (N. Barrett) failed to provide a first nesting record for the state. One was at Yaquina Head 22 Mar. ( K Liska) and another was at the Diamond L. s.p. 8 May (DFi) for the latest spring sighting ever.

A Solitary Vireo near Applegate 20 Mar. (E. Abott) was very early and established a new early arrival date by 6 days. They were widely reported the first week of April. Also early were Warbling Vireos in Eugene 14 Apr. (TM) and Portland 15 Apr. (GL). The 2 Red-eyed Vireos in North Bend 27 May provided a first for Coos Co. and the only report (B. Fawver).

The 2 Nashville Warblers at Eagle Point 6 Apr. (JB) preceded 1 at Eugene 9 Apr. (SH). A male Yellow Warbler in Eugene 18 Mar. was unexpected (BC). It seems more likely that this was a wintering bird rather than an exceptionally early migrant. The first migrants were noted in the Rogue Valley 30 Apr. (SH) and good numbers were in the Astoria area by 8 May (MP). A late movement of Yellow Warblers was recorded 25 May when 30-50 birds appeared at Toketee R.S. (DFi). This is a high total for any location in W. Oregon. None were seen there 31 May. An adult male CHESTNUT-SD3ED W A R B L E R in Portland 17 May was the seventh to have been found in W. Oregon, the the fourth in spring(J. Evanich). The first arriving Black-throated Gray Warbler was detected in Eugene 1 Apr. (J. Carlson). Three Townsend's Warbler sightings in the Diamond L. area included singing males 24 & 25 May, and could indicate a future southward extension of this species' breeding range in the Cascades (DFi). Their present southern range limit is S.E. Lane Co. and adjacent N.W. Klamath Co. where small numbers regularly breed above 4500 feet. Hermit Warblers at Eagle Point (HS) and Portland (fide HN) on 14 Apr. were the first arrivals, and several were at Henry Hagg L. 16 Apr. (DL, VT). A late movement of Hermit and Townsend's Warblers was noted in S.E. Portland 20-25 May (GL). A Y E L L O W - T H R O A T E D W A R B L E R in North Bend 26 May was only


the second ever to be found in Oregon (BG, J . Thomas). It could not be relocated the next day. The Black-and-white Warbler found in Eugene 26 Feb. by New Mexico birder Bruce Ostyn was last seen 8 Apr. when it had assumed full adult male plumage (m.ob.). This was the second record for Lane Co. Another male Black-and-white Warbler was singing at Thornton Crk. 24 May for a first Lincoln Co. record (DF). Single MacGillivray's Warblers in Portland (fide HN) and Eugene (SH) on 11 Apr. were the first arrivals detected as were Common Yellowthroats at Denman WMA 29 Mar. (JM) and Roseburg 31 Mar. (DFi). A Wilson's Warbler at Grant's Pass 22 Mar. (JM) was about 2 weeks early. Singles were noted on time at Coos Bay 9 Apr. (fide LT) and in Lincoln Co. 10 Apr. (DF). A marked influx of Wilson's Warblers in the Astoria area 30 Apr. (MP) represented the usual peak timing for this species while a late movement was noted on the Diamond L. R D . 24-25 May (DFi). A Yellow-breasted Chat in Portland 17 Apr. (HN) was very early and an uncommon find in the n. Willamette Valley. Many were reported the last few days of April.

Tanager - End Single Western Tanagers in Eugene 28 Apr. (SH) and in Washington

Co. 30 Apr. (DL, VT) were the only April sightings. A late wave of migrants was noted 20-25 May in Portland and on the Diamond L. R.D. (GL, DFi). The arrival of Black-headed Grosbeaks proceeded south-to-north with singles at Ashland 18 Apr. and Eagle Point 20 Apr. (HS), Roseburg 28 Apr. (DFi), and Eugene and ANWR 30 Apr. (TM, BB). Early Lazuli Buntings turned up at feeders on 13 Apr. at Toketee R.S. (DFi) and in Astoria (MP). The latter sighting was rare for the north coast though this same feeder has attracted Lazuli Bunting for the last several springs.

A Chipping Sparrow at Minto I. near Salem 3 Apr. (D. Peder son) was followed by many reports by 10 Apr. The Clay-colored Sparrow wintering at a North Bend feeder lingered to 9 May, a remarkably late date (BG). Arrival of Vesper Sparrows in our region is always very close to that of Chipping Sparrows and singles were noted 1 Apr. at Rooster Rock S.P. (JJ) and at Fern Ridge Res. (PS). The Rooster Rock bird was especially noteworthy since this species is very rarely encountered in Multnomah Co. Lark Sparrows are always a very rare find outside the Rogue and Umpqua Valleys. One at Newton Hill 21 May was a second Lincoln Co. record (J. Lamberson), and another was at FNWR 28 May (KM). Rare anywhere in W. Oregon, a Sage Sparrow was nicely described near Ashland 31 Mar. (MM). This species hasn't quite averaged 1 a year in W. Oregon. The Eagle Point Grasshopper Sparrow colony was active for the third spring in a row with 6 birds present 5 May+ (HS). First returning Fox Sparrows of the breeding race were found near Lemolo L. 17 Apr. (DFi). A Golden-crowned Sparrow came


aboard a ship 20 miles off Heceta Head 5 May (TT). A Harris' Sparrow appeared at a Portland feeder 26 Mar. for the only report (fide HN).

Rare in spring, a Lapland Longspur was at the mouth of the Rogue R. 28 Apr. (fide J . Rogers), while 1 on the northern Lane Co. coast 24 May was also exceptionally late (R. Warren). A Snow Bunting apparently seen in flight with a flock of Rosy Finches on Mt. Hood 7 May was late and 1 of few ever seen in the Oregon Cascades (GL, TS). A male Tricolored Blackbird appeared at the old St. John's landfill nest site in N. Portland 1 Apr. where the habitat has largely been removed (NL). A new colony appeared at a marsh elsewhere in n. Portland this spring 29 Apr.+, with up to 12 males present (JG, NL, GL et al.). In the Rogue Valleyl was found at the Ashland airport 11 Mar. (TS) and 2 small flocks were near the Jackson Cc/California border 21 May (MM). Although they are regular in the Rogue Valley they are notoriously hard to pin down. Migrant Western Meadowlarks first appeared at Toketee R.S. 15 Mar. where they normally perch in the tops of pine trees during their brief visits (DFi). Two Yellow-headed Blackbirds on Sauvie 1.4 Apr. led all reports (HN). Stragglers away from breeding areas were a male at Yaquina Bay 22 Apr. (fide DF) and 3 at Santiam Flats in the western Cascades 9 May (BB). Brown-headed Cowbirds appeared on time the second week of April (m.ob.). Early Northern Orioles were noted atEagle Point 16-17 Apr. (MM, HS). A singing male "Baltimore" Northern Oriole was at Woodburn 29 May+ (BB). One Rosy Finch lingered at the top of Mary's Peak until 16 Apr. (AM).

Observers: JB - June Babcock BB - Barb Bellin BC - Barb Combs ME - Merin Eltzroth DF - Darrel Faxon DFi - David Fix RG - Roy Gerig J G - Jeff Gilligan SG - Sue Gordy BG - Barb Griffin SH - Steve Heinl HH - Hendrik Herlyn DI - David Irons SJ - Steve Jaggers J J - Jim Johnson R&JK - Rick & Jan Krabbe NL - Nick Lethaby GL - Gerard Lillie

G L i - Glen Lindeman D L - Donna Lusthoff RM - Ron Maertz AM - Al McGie MM - Marjorie Moore KM - Kathy Merrifield JM - Jim Miller PM-PatMuller HN-Harry Nehls MP - Mike Patterson PP - Phil Pickering CR - Craig Roberts DR - Dennis Rogers HS - Howard Sands MS - Martha Sawyer FS - Floyd Schrock TS - Tim Shelmerdine PS - Paul Sherrell


RS - Ray Skibby TS - Tom Staudt VT-VerdaTeale TT - Terry Thompson L T - Larry Thornburgh LW-Linda Weiland

0

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O R E G O N B I R D S The quarterly journal of Oregon Field Ornithologists

Oregon Birds is looking for material in these categories:

News Briefs on things of temporal importance, such as meetings, birding trips, announcements, news items, etc.

Articles are longer contributions dealing with identification, distribution, ecology, management, conservation, taxonomy, behavior, biology, and historical aspects of ornithology and birding in Oregon. Articles cite references (if any) at the end of the text. Names and addresses of authors appear at the beginning of the text.

Short Notes are shorter communications dealing with the same subjects as articles. Short Notes typically cite no references, or at most a few in parentheses in the text. Names and addresses of authors appear at the end of the text.

Bird Finding Guides "where to find a in Oregon" (for some of the rarer birds) and "where to find birds in the area" (for some of the better spots).

Reviews for published material on Oregon birds or of interest to Oregon birders.

Photographs of birds, especially photos taken recently in Oregon. Color slide duplicates are preferred. Please label all photos with photographer's name and address, bird identification, date and place the photo was taken. Photos will be returned; contact the Editor for more information.

Deadline for the next issue of Oregon Birds—- OB 16(1) — is 26 January 1990. The next issue should get to you by the first week of March 1990. Material can be submitted any time, and the sooner the better. Please send materialsdirectlytothe Editor, 3007N.E. 32nd Avenue, Portland, OR97212 (503)282-9403.

Oregon Birds Board of Editors: David A. Anderson, Range D. Bayer, Charlie Bruce, Alan Contreras, Tom Crabtree, David Fix, Jeff Gilligan, Steven G. Herman, Mike Houck, George A. Jobanek, Jim Johnson, CD. Littlefield, Roy Lowe, David B. Marshall, Harry B. Nehls, Mark Stern, Paul Sullivan, Clarice Watson

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